1.
Album
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Album, is a collection of audio recordings issued as a single item on CD, record, audio tape, or another medium. Albums of recorded music were developed in the early 20th century, first as books of individual 78rpm records, vinyl LPs are still issued, though in the 21st century album sales have mostly focused on compact disc and MP3 formats. The audio cassette was a format used from the late 1970s through to the 1990s alongside vinyl, an album may be recorded in a recording studio, in a concert venue, at home, in the field, or a mix of places. Recording may take a few hours to years to complete, usually in several takes with different parts recorded separately. Recordings that are done in one take without overdubbing are termed live, the majority of studio recordings contain an abundance of editing, sound effects, voice adjustments, etc. With modern recording technology, musicians can be recorded in separate rooms or at times while listening to the other parts using headphones. Album covers and liner notes are used, and sometimes additional information is provided, such as analysis of the recording, historically, the term album was applied to a collection of various items housed in a book format. In musical usage the word was used for collections of pieces of printed music from the early nineteenth century. Later, collections of related 78rpm records were bundled in book-like albums, the LP record, or 33 1⁄3 rpm microgroove vinyl record, is a gramophone record format introduced by Columbia Records in 1948. It was adopted by the industry as a standard format for the album. Apart from relatively minor refinements and the important later addition of stereophonic sound capability, the term album had been carried forward from the early nineteenth century when it had been used for collections of short pieces of music. Later, collections of related 78rpm records were bundled in book-like albums, as part of a trend of shifting sales in the music industry, some commenters have declared that the early 21st century experienced the death of the album. Sometimes shorter albums are referred to as mini-albums or EPs, Albums such as Tubular Bells, Amarok, Hergest Ridge by Mike Oldfield, and Yess Close to the Edge, include fewer than four tracks. There are no rules against artists such as Pinhead Gunpowder referring to their own releases under thirty minutes as albums. These are known as box sets, material is stored on an album in sections termed tracks, normally 11 or 12 tracks. A music track is a song or instrumental recording. The term is associated with popular music where separate tracks are known as album tracks. When vinyl records were the medium for audio recordings a track could be identified visually from the grooves
2.
Butthole Surfers
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Butthole Surfers is an American rock band formed by singer Gibby Haynes and guitarist Paul Leary in San Antonio, Texas in 1981. The band has had numerous changes, but its core lineup of Haynes, Leary. Teresa Nervosa served as drummer from 1983 to 1985,1986 to 1989. The band has employed a variety of bass players, most notably Jeff Pinkus. Butthole Surfers have an appetite for psychoactive drugs, an evident influence on their sound. Although they were respected by their peers and attracted a devoted fanbase, the album contained the hit single Pepper which climbed to number one on Billboards Modern Rock Tracks chart that year. Butthole Surfers formed at Trinity University in San Antonio, Texas during the late 1970s, though it was their overall strangeness and shared taste in non-mainstream music that caused them to become friends, both appeared to be headed for very conventional careers. In 1981, Haynes and Leary published the magazine Strange V. D. which featured photos of abnormal medical ailments, after being caught with one of these pictures at work, Haynes left the accounting firm and moved to Southern California. Leary, at the one semester shy of his degree, dropped out of college. Haynes and Leary played their show at a San Antonio night club, The Bonham Exchange, in 1981. By 1982, the band were backed by the rhythm section composed of bassist Quinn Mathews. The band did not gain a following in San Antonio, during a brief concert at the Tool and Die club in San Francisco, Dead Kennedys frontman and Alternative Tentacles overseer Jello Biafra witnessed their performance and became a fervent fan. Biafra invited the group to open for Dead Kennedys and T. S. O. L, the band then returned to San Antonio to record at BOSS Studios. However, the Mathews brothers did not enter the studio with Haynes and Leary, the bass position was taken over by Bill Jolly, who would play on Butthole Surfers next two releases, and a number of drummers participated. The last of these, King Coffey, is still with the band to this day, the album cover, like the many bizarre illustrations that would accompany Surfers succeeding work, was designed by the band itself. Teeming with humor, Butthole Surfers laid the foundation for what was to come and it influenced at least one future superstar in Nirvana frontman Kurt Cobain, who listed it as one of his ten favorite albums in his Journals. Cobain later went on to list the album Pee Pee the Sailor by Butthole Surfers as one of the fifty most influential albums for Nirvanas sound, Cobain would later meet his wife, Courtney Love of Hole, at a Butthole Surfers/L7 concert in 1991. She and Coffey would drum in unison on separate, stand-up kits, with her arrival, the bands core classic lineup — Haynes, Leary, Coffey, and Nervosa — was in place
3.
Hardcore punk
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Hardcore punk is a punk rock music genre and subculture that originated in the late 1970s. It is generally faster, harder, and more aggressive than other forms of punk rock, New York punk had a harder-edged sound than its San Francisco counterpart, featuring anti-art expressions of masculine anger, energy and subversive humor. Hardcore punk generally disavows commercialism, the music industry and anything similar to the characteristics of mainstream rock. Hardcore sprouted underground scenes across the United States in the early 1980s, particularly in Washington, New York, New Jersey, and Boston—as well as in Australia, Canada and the United Kingdom. Hardcore has spawned the straight movement and its associated submovements, hardline. Hardcore was heavily involved with the rise of the independent record labels in the 1980s and it has also influenced various music genres that have experienced widespread commercial success, including alternative rock, thrash metal, emo and metalcore. While traditional hardcore has never experienced mainstream success, some of its early pioneers have garnered appreciation over time. In 2011, Rolling Stone writer David Fricke placed Greg Ginn of Black Flag 99th place in his 100 Greatest Guitarists list, although the music genre started in English-speaking western countries, notable hardcore scenes have existed in Italy, Brazil, Japan, Europe and the Middle East. The origin of the hardcore punk is uncertain. The Vancouver-based band D. O. A. may have helped to popularize the term with the title of their 1981 album, Hardcore 81. C. Hardcore historian Steven Blush said that the term hardcore is also a reference to the sense of being fed up with the existing punk, Blush also states that the term refers to an extreme, the absolute most Punk. One definition of the genre is a form of exceptionally harsh punk rock, like the Oi. subgenre of the UK, hardcore punk can be considered an internal music reaction. According to one writer, distressed by the artificiality of much post-punk, lacking the art-school grace of post-punk, hardcore punk favor low key visual aesthetic over extravagance and breaking with original punk rock song patterns. One of the important philosophies in the scene is authenticity. The pejorative term poseur is applied to those who associate with punk and adopt its stylistic attributes but are deemed not to share or understand the underlying values and philosophy. Joe Keithley, the vocalist of D. O. A. said in an interview, in the vein of earlier punk rock, most hardcore punk bands have followed the traditional singer/guitar/bass/drum format. The songwriting has more emphasis on rather than melody. Critic Steven Blush writes The Sex Pistols were still rocknroll. like the craziest version of Chuck Berry, Hardcore was a radical departure from that
4.
Alternative rock
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Alternative rock is a genre of rock music that emerged from the independent music underground of the 1980s and became widely popular in the 1990s and 2000s. In this instance, the word refers to the genres distinction from mainstream rock music. The terms original meaning was broader, referring to a generation of musicians unified by their debt to either the musical style or simply the independent. Ethos of punk rock, which in the late 1970s laid the groundwork for alternative music, Alternative rock is a broad umbrella term consisting of music that differs greatly in terms of its sound, its social context, and its regional roots. Most of these subgenres had achieved minor mainstream notice and a few bands representing them, such as Hüsker Dü, with the breakthrough of Nirvana and the popularity of the grunge and Britpop movements in the 1990s, alternative rock entered the musical mainstream and many alternative bands became successful. By the end of the decade, alternative rocks mainstream prominence declined due to a number of events that caused grunge and Britpop to fade, emo attracted attention in the larger alternative rock world, and the term was applied to a variety of artists, including multi-platinum acts. Post-punk revival artists such as Modest Mouse and The Killers had commercial success in the early, before the term alternative rock came into common usage around 1990, the sort of music to which it refers was known by a variety of terms. In 1979, Terry Tolkin used the term Alternative Music to describe the groups he was writing about, in 1979 Dallas radio station KZEW had a late night new wave show entitled Rock and Roll Alternative. College rock was used in the United States to describe the music during the 1980s due to its links to the radio circuit. In the United Kingdom, dozens of small do it yourself record labels emerged as a result of the punk subculture, according to the founder of one of these labels, Cherry Red, NME and Sounds magazines published charts based on small record stores called Alternative Charts. The first national chart based on distribution called the Indie Chart was published in January 1980, at the time, the term indie was used literally to describe independently distributed records. By 1985, indie had come to mean a particular genre, or group of subgenres, at first the term referred to intentionally non–mainstream rock acts that were not influenced by heavy metal ballads, rarefied new wave and high-energy dance anthems. The use of alternative gained further exposure due to the success of Lollapalooza, for which festival founder, in the late 1990s, the definition again became more specific. Defining music as alternative is often difficult because of two conflicting applications of the word, the name alternative rock essentially serves as an umbrella term for underground music that has emerged in the wake of punk rock since the mid-1980s. Alternative bands during the 1980s generally played in clubs, recorded for indie labels. Sounds range from the gloomy soundscapes of gothic rock to the guitars of indie pop to the dirty guitars of grunge to the 1960s/1970s revivalism of Britpop. This approach to lyrics developed as a reflection of the social and economic strains in the United States and United Kingdom of the 1980s, by 1984, a majority of groups signed to independent record labels mined from a variety of rock and particularly 1960s rock influences. This represented a break from the futuristic, hyper-rational post-punk years
5.
Experimental rock
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Experimental rock is a subgenre of rock music which pushes the boundaries of common composition and performance technique or which experiments with the basic elements of the genre. From its inception, rock music was experimental, but it wasnt until the late 1960s that rock artists began creating extended, in 1967, the genre was as commercially viable as pop music, but by 1970, most of its leading players had incapacitated themselves in some form. In Germany, the krautrock subgenre merged elements of improvisation and psychedelic rock with avant-garde, later in the 1970s, significant musical crossbreeding took place in tandem with the developments of punk and new wave, DIY experimentation, and electronic music. Funk, jazz-rock, and fusion rhythms became integrated into experimental rock music. The first wave of 1980s experimental rock groups had few precedents for their sound. Later in the decade, avant-rock pursued a psychedelic aesthetic that differed from the self-consciousness, during the 1990s, a loose movement known as post-rock became the dominant form of experimental rock. As of the 2010s, the experimental rock has fallen to indiscriminate use, with virtually every modern rock band being categorized under prefixes such as post-, kraut-, psych-. Although experimentation had always existed in music, it wasnt until the late 1960s that new openings were created from the aesthetic intersecting with the social. In 1966, the boundaries between pop music and the avant-garde began to blur as rock albums were conceived and executed as distinct, self-taught rock musicians in the middle and late 1960s drew from the work of composers such as John Cage, Karlheinz Stockhausen, and Luciano Berio. In addition, The Quietus Ben Graham described duos the Silver Apples, calling attention to the very recordedness of the album. This would also be reflected in contemporary experimental rock LPs, such as the Beach Boys Pet Sounds and Smile, the Whos The Who Sell Out and Tommy. The Velvet Underground were a group in experimental rock, according to Rosenberg. Peppers inspired a new consideration for experimental rock as commercially viable music, as progressive rock developed, experimental rock acquired notoriety alongside art rock. By 1970, most of the musicians which had been at the forefront of rock had incapacitated themselves. Groups such as Can, Faust, Neu, the ideas of minimalism and composers such as Stockhausen would be particularly influential. During this era, funk, jazz-rock, and fusion rhythms became integrated into experimental rock music, some groups who were categorized as post-punk considered themselves part of an experimental rock trajectory, with This Heat as one of the prominent players. Anderson claims that the no wave scene represented New York’s last stylistically cohesive avant-rock movement, steve Redhead noted the resuscitation of New Yorks avant-rock scene, including artists such as Sonic Youth and John Zorn, in the 1980s. In the late 1980s, avant-rock pursued a frazzled, psychedelia-tinged, blissed out aesthetic that differed from the self-consciousness, the UK shoegaze scene was seen by some as a continuation of an experimental rock tradition
6.
Neo-psychedelia
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Neo-psychedelia is a diverse style of music that originated in the 1970s as an outgrowth of the British post-punk scene. Its practitioners drew from the sounds of 1960s psychedelic music. After post-punk, neo-psychedelia flourished into a widespread and international movement of artists who applied the spirit of psychedelic rock to new sounds. Neo-psychedelia may also include forays into pop, jangly guitar rock, heavily distorted free-form jams. A wave of British alternative rock in the early 1990s spawned the subgenres dream pop, neo-psychedelic acts borrowed a variety of elements from 1960s psychedelic music. Some emulated the psychedelic pop of bands like the Beatles and early Pink Floyd, others adopted Byrds-influenced guitar rock, or distorted free-form jams and sonic experimentalism of the 1960s. Some neo-psychedelia has been focused on drug use and experiences, and like acid house of the same age, projects transitory, ephemeral. Other bands have used neo-psychedelia to accompany surreal or political lyrics, in the view of author Erik Morse, The distinctions between British and American neo-psychedelia were best described as the differences between primitivism and primalism. Psychedelic rock declined towards the end of the 1960s, as bands broke up or moved into new forms of music, including heavy metal music, like the psychedelic developments of the late 1960s, punk rock and new wave in the 1970s challenged the rock music establishment. At the time, new wave was a term used interchangeably with the nascent punk rock explosion, in 1978, journalist Greg Shaw categorized a subset of new wave music as neo-psychedelia, citing Devo, to an extent. The new darling of the new press and opion-makers, yet nothing about it is remotely punk. Shaw wrote that in England, neo-psychedelia was known as punk, noting self-advertised psychedelic punk band. By 1978–79, new wave was considered independent from punk and post-punk, author Clinton Heylin marks the second half of year 1977 and the first half of year 1978 as the true starting-point for English post-punk. Some of the bands, including the Soft Boys, the Teardrop Explodes. The early 1980s Paisley Underground movement followed neo-psychedelia, originating in Los Angeles, the movement saw a number of young bands who were influenced by the psychedelia of the late 1960s and all took different elements of it. The term Paisley Underground was later expanded to others from outside the city. The late 1980s would see the birth of shoegazing, which, among other influences, reynolds referred to this movement as a rash of blurry, neo-psychedelic bands in a 1992 article in The Observer. With loud walls of sound, where individual instruments and even vocals were often indistinguishable, major shoegaze acts included Ride, Lush, Chapterhouse, and The Boo Radleys, who enjoyed considerable attention in the UK but largely failed to break through in the US
7.
Capitol Records
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Capitol Records, LLC is an American record label which operates as a division of the Capitol Music Group. The label was founded as the first West Coast-based record label in the United States in 1942 by three industry insiders named Johnny Mercer, Buddy DeSylva and Glenn Wallichs, in 1955, the label was acquired by the British music conglomerate EMI as its North American subsidiary. EMI was later acquired by Universal Music Group in 2012 and was merged with the company in 2013, making Capitol Records, Capitol Records circular headquarter building located in Los Angeles is a recognized landmark of California. Mercer first raised the idea of starting a company while golfing with Harold Arlen. By 1941, Mercer was a songwriter and a singer with multiple successful releases. Mercer next suggested the idea to Wallichs while visiting his record store, Wallichs expressed interest in the idea and the pair negotiated an agreement whereby Mercer would run the company and identify their artists, while Wallichs managed the business side. On February 2,1942, Mercer and Wallichs met with DeSylva at a Hollywood restaurant to inquire about the possibility of investment of the company from Paramount Pictures, while DeSylva declined the proposal, he handed the pair a check worth $15,000. On March 27,1942, the three men incorporated as Liberty Records, in May 1942, the application was amended to change the companys name to Capitol Records. On April 6,1942, Mercer supervised Capitols first recording session where Martha Tilton recorded the song Moon Dreams, on May 5, Bobby Sherwood and his orchestra recorded two tracks in the studio. On May 21, Freddie Slack and his orchestra recorded three tracks in the studio, one with the orchestra, one with Ella Mae Morse called Cow-Cow Boogie, on June 4,1942, Capitol opened its first office in a second-floor room south of Sunset Boulevard. On that same day, Wallichs presented the companys first free record to Los Angeles disc jockey Peter Potter, on June 5,1942, Paul Whiteman and his Orchestra recorded four songs at the studio. On June 12, the recorded five more songs in the studio. On June 11, Tex Ritter recorded Jingle Jangle Jingle and Goodbye My Little Cherokee for his first Capitol recording session, and the songs formed Capitols 110th produced record. 133 - Get On Board Little Chillun - July 31,1942 - is a Freddie Slack/Ella Mae Morse/Mellowaires recording that might be the first rock n roll record and she has sometimes been called the first rock n roll singer. A good example is her 1942 recording of song which, with strong gospel, blues, boogie. Bone Walker recorded Mean Old World a pioneering example of the use of electric guitar. The earliest recording artists included co-owner Mercer, Whiteman, Tilton, Morse, Margaret Whiting, Jo Stafford, the Pied Pipers, Johnnie Johnston, Tex Ritter, Capitols first gold single was Morses Cow Cow Boogie in 1942. Capitols first album was Capitol Presents Songs By Johnny Mercer, a three 78-rpm disc set with recordings by Mercer, Stafford and the Pied Pipers, all with Westons Orchestra
8.
Record producer
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A record producer or music producer oversees and manages the sound recording and production of a band or performers music, which may range from recording one song to recording a lengthy concept album. A producer has many roles during the recording process, the roles of a producer vary. The producer may perform these roles himself, or help select the engineer, the producer may also pay session musicians and engineers and ensure that the entire project is completed within the record companies budget. A record producer or music producer has a broad role in overseeing and managing the recording. Producers also often take on an entrepreneurial role, with responsibility for the budget, schedules, contracts. In the 2010s, the industry has two kinds of producers with different roles, executive producer and music producer. Executive producers oversee project finances while music producers oversee the process of recording songs or albums. In most cases the producer is also a competent arranger, composer. The producer will also liaise with the engineer who concentrates on the technical aspects of recording. Noted producer Phil Ek described his role as the person who creatively guides or directs the process of making a record, indeed, in Bollywood music, the designation actually is music director. The music producers job is to create, shape, and mold a piece of music, at the beginning of record industry, producer role was technically limited to record, in one shot, artists performing live. The role of producers changed progressively over the 1950s and 1960s due to technological developments, the development of multitrack recording caused a major change in the recording process. Before multitracking, all the elements of a song had to be performed simultaneously, all of these singers and musicians had to be assembled in a large studio and the performance had to be recorded. As well, for a song that used 20 instruments, it was no longer necessary to get all the players in the studio at the same time. Examples include the rock sound effects of the 1960s, e. g. playing back the sound of recorded instruments backwards or clanging the tape to produce unique sound effects. These new instruments were electric or electronic, and thus they used instrument amplifiers, new technologies like multitracking changed the goal of recording, A producer could blend together multiple takes and edit together different sections to create the desired sound. For example, in jazz fusion Bandleader-composer Miles Davis album Bitches Brew, producers like Phil Spector and George Martin were soon creating recordings that were, in practical terms, almost impossible to realise in live performance. Producers became creative figures in the studio, other examples of such engineers includes Joe Meek, Teo Macero, Brian Wilson, and Biddu
9.
John Paul Jones (musician)
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John Richard Baldwin, better known by his stage name John Paul Jones, is an English multi-instrumentalist, songwriter, composer, arranger and record producer. Best known as the bassist, keyboardist, and co-songwriter for the English rock band Led Zeppelin, a versatile musician, Jones also plays organ, guitar, koto, lap steel guitars, mandolin, autoharp, violin, ukulele, sitar, cello, continuum and recorder. According to AllMusic, Jones has left his mark on rock & roll music history as a musician, arranger. Jones is part of the band Them Crooked Vultures with Josh Homme and Dave Grohl, in which he plays guitar, keyboards. In 2014, Jones ranked first on Paste magazines list of 20 Most Underrated Bass Guitarists, John Baldwin was born in Sidcup, Kent. He started playing piano at age six, learning from his father, Joe Baldwin and his mother was also in the music business which allowed the family to often perform together touring around England as a vaudeville comedy act. His influences ranged from the blues of Big Bill Broonzy, the jazz of Charles Mingus, because his parents often toured, Jones was sent to boarding school at a young age. He was a student at Christs College, Blackheath, London where he studied music. The fluid playing of Chicago musician Phil Upchurch on his You Cant Sit Down LP, Jones joined his first band, The Deltas, at 15. He then played bass for jazz-rock London group, Jett Blacks, Jones big break came in 1962 when he was hired by Jet Harris and Tony Meehan of the successful British group The Shadows for a two-year stint. In 1964, on the recommendation of Meehan, Jones began studio session work with Decca Records, from then until 1968, he played on hundreds of recording sessions. He soon expanded his work by playing keyboards, arranging and undertaking general studio direction. As well as recording sessions with Dusty Springfield, Jones also played bass for her Talk of the Town series of performances. Such was the extent of Jones studio work – amounting to hundreds of sessions – that he said later that I cant remember three-quarters of the sessions I was on. It was during his time as a player that Jones adopted the stage name John Paul Jones. This name was suggested to him by a friend, Andrew Loog Oldham and he released his first solo recording as John Paul Jones, Baja / A Foggy Day in Vietnam, as a single on Pye Records in April 1964. Jones has stated that, as a musician, he was completing two and three sessions a day, six and seven days a week. However, by 1968 he was quickly feeling burnt out due to the workload, I was arranging 50 or 60 things a month
10.
Piouhgd
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Piouhgd is the fifth studio album by American alternative rock band Butthole Surfers, released in 1991 on Rough Trade Records. The album was reissued on Capitol Records in 1992, due to the album being out-of-print following the American branch of Rough Trade closing its doors the previous year. The album was reissued yet again in October 2007 by Butthole Surfers own label, Latino Buggerveil, Rough Trade press releases stated that the album was pronounced pee-owed and that it meant I told you in the Navajo language. Pinkus stated that this explanation was fabricated by the label unbeknownst to the band, the album is spelled as piouhgd on original Rough Trade releases. On the 1992 Capitol Records reissue, the title is printed on the spine as pioughd. However, the original spelling is still used on the back cover art of the Capitol release. The album has been referred to both titles, as well as various misspellings. Barking Dogs –7,28 Helicopter –6,47 Bong Song –3,40 The Colored FBI Guy –2,46 Booze, Tobacco, Dope, Pussy, the Hurdy Gurdy Man is a cover of the 1968 Donovan song Hurdy Gurdy Man. Something sets the lyrics of the bands early 80s original song of the name to the music and arrangement of The Jesus. P. S. Y. has lyrics sung on the version that are hardly ever heard during live performances. Gibby Haynes – vocals, guitar Paul Leary – guitar, keyboard, vocals Jeff Pinkus – bass King Coffey – drums
11.
The Hole Truth... and Nothing Butt
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The Hole Truth. and Nothing Butt is the first compilation album by American punk band Butthole Surfers, officially released in March 1995. All songs were written by Butthole Surfers, except for Come Together, the album was originally released on CD in 1994 by bootleg label Totonka Records. A collection of previously un-bootlegged material put together by a fan, it offers a mix of demos and live recordings. The band liked the compilation enough that they reissued it through Trance Syndicate in 1995, the two demos, Butthole Surfer and Something, were recorded in 1983. Of the live tracks, four were taped in 1985, three in 1986, two in 1988, one each in 1989 and 1991, and three in 1993, the interview was taped at New York, NY station WNYU on July 28,1987. All members from time period are present, including Gibby Haynes, Paul Leary, King Coffey, Teresa Nervosa. The Hole Truth. and Nothing Butt is the third of three Butthole Surfers albums to feature clown imagery on the cover, the others being 1984s Live PCPPEP and 1987s Locust Abortion Technician. The clown illustrations on this front cover are combined and re-colored versions of the line drawings on Live PCPPEPs front. All songs written by Butthole Surfers, except for Come Together, the song titles listed below match those used on the back cover of The Hole Truth. and Nothing Butt. Some differ from the titles used on Butthole Surfers studio albums
12.
AllMusic
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AllMusic is an online music guide service website. It was launched in 1991 by All Media Guide which later became All Media Network, AllMusic was launched in 1991 by Michael Erlewine of All Media Guide. The aim was to discographic information on every artist whos made a record since Enrico Caruso gave the industry its first big boost and its first reference book was published the following year. When first released onto the Internet, AMG predated the World Wide Web and was first available as a Gopher site, the AMG consumer web properties AllMusic. com, AllMovie. com and AllGame. com were sold by Rovi in July 2013 to All Media Network, LLC. All Media Network, LLC. was formed by the founders of SideReel. com. The following are contributors to AllMusic, as of this date, All Media Network also produced the AllMusic guide series that includes the AllMusic Guide to Rock, the All Music Guide to Jazz and the All Music Guide to the Blues. Vladimir Bogdanov is the president of the series, in August 2007, PC Magazine included AllMusic in its Top 100 Classic Websites list. All Media Network AllGame AllMovie SideReel All Music Guide to the Blues All Music Guide to Jazz Stephen Thomas Erlewine Official website
13.
Chicago Tribune
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The Chicago Tribune is a daily newspaper based in Chicago, Illinois, United States, owned by tronc, Inc. formerly Tribune Publishing. The Tribune was founded by James Kelly, John E. Wheeler, forrest, publishing its first edition on June 10,1847. The paper saw numerous changes in ownership and editorship over the eight years. Initially, the Tribune was not politically affiliated but tended to either the Whig or Free Soil parties against the Democrats in elections. By late 1853, it was frequently running xenophobic editorials that criticized foreigners, about this time it also became a strong proponent of temperance. Ray became editor-in-chief, Medill became the editor, and Alfred Cowles, Sr. brother of Edwin Cowles. Each purchased one third of the Tribune, under their leadership the Tribune distanced itself from the Know Nothings and became the main Chicago organ of the Republican Party. However, the continued to print anti-Catholic and anti-Irish editorials. Between 1858 and 1860, the paper was known as the Chicago Press & Tribune, on October 25,1860, it became the Chicago Daily Tribune. Before and during the American Civil War, the new editors pushed an abolitionist agenda and strongly supported Abraham Lincoln, the paper remained a force in Republican politics for years afterwards. In 1861, the Tribune published new lyrics for the song John Browns Body by William W. Patton, Medill served as mayor of Chicago for one term after the Great Chicago Fire of 1871. Under the 20th-century editorship of Colonel Robert R. Joseph McCarthy, when McCormick assumed the position of co-editor in 1910, the Tribune was the third-best-selling paper among Chicagos eight dailies, with a circulation of only 188,000. At the same time, the Tribune competed with the Hearst paper, by 1914, the cousins succeeded in forcing out Managing Editor William Keeley. By 1918, the Examiner was forced to merge with the Chicago Herald, in 1919, Patterson left the Tribune and moved to New York to launch his own newspaper, the New York Daily News. In a renewed war with Hearsts Herald-Examiner, McCormick and Hearst ran rival lotteries in 1922. The Tribune won the battle, adding 250,000 readers to its ranks, also in 1922, the Chicago Tribune hosted an international design competition for its new headquarters, the Tribune Tower. The competition worked brilliantly as a publicity stunt, and more than 260 entries were received, the winner was a neo-Gothic design by New York architects John Mead Howells and Raymond Hood. The newspaper sponsored an attempt at Arctic aviation in 1929
14.
Entertainment Weekly
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Entertainment Weekly is an American magazine, published by Time Inc. that covers film, television, music, Broadway theatre, books and popular culture. Different from celebrity-focused publications like Us Weekly, People, and In Touch Weekly, EW primarily concentrates on entertainment media news, however, unlike Variety and The Hollywood Reporter, which are aimed at industry insiders, EW targets a more general audience. The first issue was published on February 16,1990, the cover price was $1.95 The title word entertainment was not capitalized on the cover until mid-1992 and has remained so since. By 2003, the weekly circulation averaged 1.7 million copies per week. In March 2006, managing editor Rick Tetzeli oversaw an overhaul of EWs graphics, Entertainment Weekly follows a typical magazine format by featuring a letters to the editor and table of contents in the first few pages, while also featuring advertisements. While many advertisements are unrelated to the entertainment industry, the majority of ads are typically related to up-and-coming television and these beginning articles open the magazine and as a rule focus on current events in pop culture. First Look, subtitled An early peek at some of Hollywoods coolest projects, is a spread with behind-the-scenes or publicity stills of upcoming movies. The Hit List, written each week by critic Scott Brown, highlights ten major events, Typically, there will be some continuity to the commentaries. This column was written by Jim Mullen and featured twenty events each week. The Hollywood Insider is a section that reports breaking news in entertainment. It gives details, in the columns, on the most-current news in television, movie. The Style Report is a section devoted to celebrity style. Because its focus is on celebrity fashion or lifestyle, it is rich in nature. Recently, the converted to a new format, five pictures of celebrity fashions for the week. A spin-off section, Style Hunter, which finds reader-requested articles of clothing or accessories that have appeared in pop culture recently, appears frequently. The Monitor is a two-page spread devoted to events in celebrity lives with small paragraphs highlighting events such as weddings, illnesses, arrests, court appearances. Deaths of major celebrities are typically detailed in a one-half- or full-page obituary titled Legacy and this feature is nearly identical to sister publication Peoples Passages feature. Harris column focuses on analyzing current popular-culture events, and is generally the most serious of the columns, harris has written about the writers strike and the 2008 presidential election, among other topics
15.
Los Angeles Times
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The Los Angeles Times, commonly referred to as the Times or LA Times, is a paid daily newspaper published in Los Angeles, California, since 1881. It was the largest metropolitan newspaper in circulation in the United States in 2008, the Times is owned by tronc. The Times was first published on December 4,1881, as the Los Angeles Daily Times under the direction of Nathan Cole Jr. and it was first printed at the Mirror printing plant, owned by Jesse Yarnell and T. J. Unable to pay the bill, Cole and Gardiner turned the paper over to the Mirror Company. Mathes had joined the firm, and it was at his insistence that the Times continued publication, in July 1882, Harrison Gray Otis moved from Santa Barbara to become the papers editor. Otis made the Times a financial success, in an era where newspapers were driven by party politics, the Times was directed at Republican readers. As was typical of newspapers of the time, the Times would sit on stories for several days, historian Kevin Starr wrote that Otis was a businessman capable of manipulating the entire apparatus of politics and public opinion for his own enrichment. Otiss editorial policy was based on civic boosterism, extolling the virtues of Los Angeles, the efforts of the Times to fight local unions led to the October 1,1910 bombing of its headquarters, killing twenty-one people. Two union leaders, James and Joseph McNamara, were charged, the American Federation of Labor hired noted trial attorney Clarence Darrow to represent the brothers, who eventually pleaded guilty. Upon Otiss death in 1917, his son-in-law, Harry Chandler, Harry Chandler was succeeded in 1944 by his son, Norman Chandler, who ran the paper during the rapid growth of post-war Los Angeles. Family members are buried at the Hollywood Forever Cemetery near Paramount Studios, the site also includes a memorial to the Times Building bombing victims. The fourth generation of family publishers, Otis Chandler, held that position from 1960 to 1980, Otis Chandler sought legitimacy and recognition for his familys paper, often forgotten in the power centers of the Northeastern United States due to its geographic and cultural distance. He sought to remake the paper in the model of the nations most respected newspapers, notably The New York Times, believing that the newsroom was the heartbeat of the business, Otis Chandler increased the size and pay of the reporting staff and expanded its national and international reporting. In 1962, the paper joined with the Washington Post to form the Los Angeles Times-Washington Post News Service to syndicate articles from both papers for news organizations. During the 1960s, the paper won four Pulitzer Prizes, more than its previous nine decades combined, eventually the coupon-clipping branches realized that they could make more money investing in something other than newspapers. Under their pressure the companies went public, or split apart, thats the pattern followed over more than a century by the Los Angeles Times under the Chandler family. The papers early history and subsequent transformation was chronicled in an unauthorized history Thinking Big and it has also been the whole or partial subject of nearly thirty dissertations in communications or social science in the past four decades. In 2000, the Tribune Company acquired the Times, placing the paper in co-ownership with then-WB -affiliated KTLA, which Tribune acquired in 1985
16.
The New York Times
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The New York Times is an American daily newspaper, founded and continuously published in New York City since September 18,1851, by The New York Times Company. The New York Times has won 119 Pulitzer Prizes, more than any other newspaper, the papers print version in 2013 had the second-largest circulation, behind The Wall Street Journal, and the largest circulation among the metropolitan newspapers in the US. The New York Times is ranked 18th in the world by circulation, following industry trends, its weekday circulation had fallen in 2009 to fewer than one million. Nicknamed The Gray Lady, The New York Times has long been regarded within the industry as a newspaper of record. The New York Times international version, formerly the International Herald Tribune, is now called the New York Times International Edition, the papers motto, All the News Thats Fit to Print, appears in the upper left-hand corner of the front page. On Sunday, The New York Times is supplemented by the Sunday Review, The New York Times Book Review, The New York Times Magazine and T, some other early investors of the company were Edwin B. Morgan and Edward B. We do not believe that everything in Society is either right or exactly wrong, —what is good we desire to preserve and improve, —what is evil, to exterminate. In 1852, the started a western division, The Times of California that arrived whenever a mail boat got to California. However, when local California newspapers came into prominence, the effort failed, the newspaper shortened its name to The New-York Times in 1857. It dropped the hyphen in the city name in the 1890s, One of the earliest public controversies it was involved with was the Mortara Affair, the subject of twenty editorials it published alone. At Newspaper Row, across from City Hall, Henry Raymond, owner and editor of The New York Times, averted the rioters with Gatling guns, in 1869, Raymond died, and George Jones took over as publisher. Tweed offered The New York Times five million dollars to not publish the story, in the 1880s, The New York Times transitioned gradually from editorially supporting Republican Party candidates to becoming more politically independent and analytical. In 1884, the paper supported Democrat Grover Cleveland in his first presidential campaign, while this move cost The New York Times readership among its more progressive and Republican readers, the paper eventually regained most of its lost ground within a few years. However, the newspaper was financially crippled by the Panic of 1893, the paper slowly acquired a reputation for even-handedness and accurate modern reporting, especially by the 1890s under the guidance of Ochs. Under Ochs guidance, continuing and expanding upon the Henry Raymond tradition, The New York Times achieved international scope, circulation, in 1910, the first air delivery of The New York Times to Philadelphia began. The New York Times first trans-Atlantic delivery by air to London occurred in 1919 by dirigible, airplane Edition was sent by plane to Chicago so it could be in the hands of Republican convention delegates by evening. In the 1940s, the extended its breadth and reach. The crossword began appearing regularly in 1942, and the section in 1946
17.
Robert Christgau
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Robert Thomas Christgau is an American essayist, music journalist, and self-proclaimed Dean of American Rock Critics. One of the earliest professional rock critics, he spent 37 years as the music critic and senior editor for The Village Voice. He has also covered popular music for Esquire, Creem, Newsday, Playboy, Rolling Stone, Billboard, NPR, Blender, and MSN Music, and is a visiting arts teacher at New York University. Christgau is known for his terse capsule reviews, first published in his Consumer Guide columns during his tenure at The Village Voice from 1969 to 2006 and he has written three books based on those columns, along with two collections of essays. He continued writing capsule reviews in MSN Music, Cuepoint, Christgau was born in Greenwich Village and grew up in Queens, the son of a fireman. He has said he became a rock and roll fan when disc jockey Alan Freed moved to the city in 1954. After attending a school in New York City, he left New York for four years to attend Dartmouth College. While at college his musical interests turned to jazz, but he returned to rock after moving back to New York. Christgau has said that Miles Davis 1960 album Sketches of Spain initiated in him one phase of the disillusionment with jazz that resulted in my return to rock and he was deeply influenced by New Journalism writers such as Gay Talese and Tom Wolfe. My ambitions when I went into journalism were always, to an extent, literary, Christgau initially wrote short stories, before giving up fiction in 1964 to become a sportswriter, and later, a police reporter for the Newark Star-Ledger. He became a writer after a story he wrote about the death of a woman in New Jersey was published by New York magazine. He was asked to take over the dormant music column at Esquire, after Esquire discontinued the column, Christgau moved to The Village Voice in 1969, and he also worked as a college professor. In early 1972, he accepted a job as music critic for Newsday. Christgau returned to the Village Voice in 1974 as music editor and he remained there until August 2006, when he was fired shortly after the papers acquisition by New Times Media. Two months later, Christgau became an editor at Rolling Stone. Late in 2007, Christgau was fired by Rolling Stone, although he continued to work for the magazine for three months. Starting with the March 2008 issue, he joined Blender, where he was listed as senior critic for three issues and then contributing editor, Christgau had been a regular contributor to Blender before he joined Rolling Stone. He continued to write for Blender until the magazine ceased publication in March 2009, in 1987, he was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in the field of Folklore and Popular Culture to study the history of popular music
18.
Rolling Stone
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Rolling Stone is an American biweekly magazine that focuses on popular culture. It was founded in San Francisco in 1967 by Jann Wenner, who is still the publisher. It was first known for its coverage and for political reporting by Hunter S. Thompson. In the 1990s, the magazine shifted focus to a readership interested in youth-oriented television shows, film actors. In recent years, it has resumed its traditional mix of content, Rolling Stone magazine was founded in San Francisco in 1967 by Jann Wenner and Ralph Gleason. To get it off the ground, Wenner borrowed $7,500 from his own family and from the parents of his soon-to-be wife, Jane Schindelheim. The first issue carried a date of November 9,1967. Some authors have attributed the name solely to Dylans hit single, At Gleasons suggestion, Rolling Stone initially identified with and reported the hippie counterculture of the era. In the very first edition, Wenner wrote that Rolling Stone is not just about the music, in the 1970s, Rolling Stone began to make a mark with its political coverage, with the likes of gonzo journalist Hunter S. Thompson writing for the magazines political section. Thompson first published his most famous work Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas within the pages of Rolling Stone, where he remained a contributing editor until his death in 2005. In the 1970s, the magazine also helped launch the careers of prominent authors, including Cameron Crowe, Lester Bangs, Joe Klein, Joe Eszterhas, Patti Smith. It was at point that the magazine ran some of its most famous stories. One interviewer, speaking for a number of his peers, said that he bought his first copy of the magazine upon initial arrival on his college campus. In 1977, the magazine moved its headquarters from San Francisco to New York City, editor Jann Wenner said San Francisco had become a cultural backwater. During the 1980s, the magazine began to shift towards being an entertainment magazine. Music was still a dominant topic, but there was increasing coverage of celebrities in television, films, the magazine also initiated its annual Hot Issue during this time. Rolling Stone was initially known for its coverage and for Thompsons political reporting. In the 1990s, the changed its format to appeal to a younger readership interested in youth-oriented television shows, film actors
19.
Humpty Dumpty LSD
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Humpty Dumpty LSD is the second compilation album by American experimental rock band Butthole Surfers, released in July 2002. All songs were written by Butthole Surfers, except for Earthquake, the album was released on the bands own label, Latino Buggerveil. It offers an assortment of demos, unreleased studio tracks and songs originally released on compilations. Most notably, it contains outtakes from the 1985 sessions for Butthole Surfers Rembrandt Pussyhorse studio album, the bonus track, which lasts for only six seconds, is the bands shortest song to date. Ghandi first appeared as a track on Independent Worm Saloon
20.
Gibby Haynes
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Gibson Jerome Gibby Haynes is an American musician, radio personality, painter, and the lead singer of the band Butthole Surfers. Born and raised in Dallas, Texas, he is the son of actor Jerry Haynes, best known as Dallas-based kids TV host Mr. Peppermint, Haynes was a star on his high schools basketball team, and he attended Trinity University to study accounting. While at Trinity, Gibby was the captain of the team, president of his fraternity. After graduating, he went to work as an auditor for the accounting firm Peat Marwick, after a year of working in accounting, he formed Butthole Surfers, a group who became notorious for their elaborate stage shows and psychedelic music. Gibby Haynes and Al Jourgensen lived with Timothy Leary, Haynes played saxophone on several albums, including the bands debut LP Psychic. Haynes appears with Ministry and the 2006 Revolting Cocks CD entitled Cocked and Loaded, Haynes has also fronted the band P with friend and actor Johnny Depp. He also did guest vocals for The Dead Milkmen and Deconstruction and his latest solo project is called Gibby Haynes and His Problem. He recently produced Varshons, a record by The Lemonheads, featuring guest vocals from Liv Tyler and Kate Moss. Gibby Haynes also appeared as a guest vocalist on the song Atlanta by Mastodon which was a limited release on 18 April 2015 to celebrate Record Store Day 2015. Haynes and Johnny Depp produced a mini-documentary about John Frusciantes life called Stuff, in late 1992, Haynes appeared in GWARs first long-form video, Phallus in Wonderland as director Fritz Wang. Haynes appeared briefly in Jim Jarmuschs 1995 film Dead Man as a man being fellated in an alley and he also has a very small cameo appearance in Gregg Arakis 1997 film Nowhere and the Adult Swim television show Delocated. A collection of Haynes artwork as part of the Power Pathos show at the Station Museum of Contemporary Art - Houston, TX http, //www. spin. com/articles/they-came-hollywood
21.
Helios Creed
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Helios Creed is an American guitarist, singer and bandleader. He first came to prominence in the mid-1970s with the San Francisco band Chrome and they are credited with being the godfathers of what later became known as Industrial Rock music. The band Chrome broke up in the mid-1980s when founding member Damon Edge moved to Paris, Helios then recruited some local hard rock musicians and launched a solo career. Other members of Creeds band have included Bill Roth, Paul Della Pelle, and Rey Washam on drums, Paul Bean Kirk and Mark Duran on bass, the music is usually mid-tempo to slow-tempo space rock, hard rock, acid rock. The popular band Butthole Surfers, among others, have cited Helios Creed as a major influence. He even contributed guitar work to their album Independent Worm Saloon as well as Gibby Haynes and he has released records on Sub Pop, Amphetamine Reptile, Cleopatra and other indie labels. Creed uses a number of effects on his voice and his guitar, including echoes, phase shifters, flangers, guitar synthesizers, fuzz. Creed has said that he invented his trademark sound while trying to replicate the sound he heard in his head while listening to Black Sabbath on LSD on headphones when I was a teenager, Creed has lived in Hawaii, San Francisco, Kansas, and currently lives in California. Creed is a model railroad enthusiast. He is the father of two sons and a daughter, Creed made a special guest appearance in this film from Friendly Pirate Production. The Dark Matter albums are more electronic and ambient than his solo work. Seeing Strange Lights Dark Matter Vol.2 Official MySpace page Helios Creed Tribute Site Helios Creed - X Rated Fairy Tales
22.
Billboard (magazine)
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Billboard is an American entertainment media brand owned by the Hollywood Reporter-Billboard Media Group, a division of Eldridge Industries. It publishes pieces involving news, video, opinion, reviews, events and it is also known for its music charts, including the Billboard Hot 100 and Billboard 200, tracking the most popular singles and albums in different genres. It also hosts events, owns a publishing firm, and operates several TV shows, Billboard was founded in 1894 by William Donaldson and James Hennegan as a trade publication for bill posters. Donaldson later acquired Hennegens interest in 1900 for $500, in the 1900s, it covered the entertainment industry, such as circuses, fairs and burlesque shows. It also created a service for travelling entertainers. Billboard began focusing more on the industry as the jukebox, phonograph. Many topics it covered were spun-off into different magazines, including Amusement Business in 1961 to cover outdoor entertainment so that it could focus on music. After Donaldson died in 1925, Billboard was passed down to his children and Hennegans children, until it was sold to investors in 1985. The first issue of Billboard was published in Cincinnati, Ohio, on November 1,1894 by William Donaldson, initially, it covered the advertising and bill posting industry and was called Billboard Advertising. At the time, billboards, posters and paper advertisements placed in public spaces were the means of advertising. Donaldson handled editorial and advertising, while Hennegan, who owned Hennegan Printing Co. managed magazine production, the first issues were just eight pages long. The paper had columns like The Bill Room Gossip and The Indefatigable, a department for agricultural fairs was established in 1896. The title was changed to The Billboard in 1897, after a brief departure over editorial differences, Donaldson purchased Hennegans interest in the business in 1900 for $500, to save it from bankruptcy. That May, Donaldson changed it from a monthly to a paper with a greater emphasis on breaking news. He improved editorial quality and opened new offices in New York, Chicago, San Francisco, London and he also re-focused the magazine on outdoor entertainment like fairs, carnivals, circuses, vaudeville and burlesque shows. A section devoted to circuses was introduced in 1900, followed by more prominent coverage of events in 1901. Billboard also covered topics including regulation, a lack of professionalism, economics and it had a stage gossip column covering the private lives of entertainers, a tent show section covering traveling shows and a sub-section called Freaks to order. According to The Seattle Times, Donaldson also published articles attacking censorship, praising productions exhibiting good taste
23.
Ministry (band)
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Ministry is an American industrial metal band founded by lead singer and only original member Al Jourgensen in 1981. Originally a new wave outfit, Ministry changed its style to become one of the pioneers of industrial metal in the mid-1980s. Ministry found mainstream success in the early 1990s with their studio album Psalm 69, The Way to Succeed. After 27 years of performing, Jourgensen decided to end the band in 2008, however, in August 2011, a reunion was announced, when Ministry confirmed they would play one of their first shows in four years at the Wacken Open Air festival in August 2012. Ministry released a new album, Relapse, on March 23,2012, Al Jourgensen began Ministry in Chicago, Illinois in 1981. His first band prior to Ministry was Special Affect with Groovie Mann, drummer Harry Rushakoff, after that was the short-lived Silly Charmichaels, with Ben Krug, Tom Krug and Tom Wall. Ministrys original sound was new wave synthpop that was more melodic. Ministry released four 12 singles on Wax Trax and their first LP With Sympathy, was issued on Arista Records in 1983 and hit the upper 90s in the Billboard 200. The LP was well received by college radio fans initially and became common in new wave album collections at the time. The music in With Sympathy and the singles Arista issued in association with it were a type of synthpop. Songs from the LP were played live as an act for The Police during the Synchronicity Tours North American leg. Jourgensen has subsequently expressed extreme dislike for Ministrys With Sympathy-era output and he has provided different explanations for this, saying in one interview that after signing the record contract, all artistic control of Ministry was handed over to other writers and producers. He was not trying to come off as British, the Stones used a southern accent and no one crawled up their ass for it. Some of Jourgensens preferred recordings from the With Sympathy era were collected into the CD Early Trax, by the mid-1980s, Jourgensen parted ways with George and signed to Sire Records. Jourgensen performed mostly solo for Ministrys next LP, Twitch, which sold well, the music was danceable electronic music, but was not pop music, and the sound was harsher and more aggressive than what Ministry had recorded before. According to Jourgensen, Twitch was stuff that I was doing before With Sympathy came out, some of that stuff was already four or five years old, but the record company didnt want to use it, so. Much of the new sound was created with the use of digital sampling, after Twitch, Jourgensen made the most significant change in Ministrys history when he resumed playing electric guitar. With the addition of The Blackouts drummer William Rieflin, Ministry recorded The Land of Rape, the album continued their success in the underground music scene
24.
Jesus Built My Hotrod
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Jesus Built My Hotrod is a 1991 single by Ministry. The track features a beat and speed metal guitar work which backs Butthole Surfers singer Gibby Haynes gonzo vocal stylings. It is notable for its structure with the guitar riff in 5/4. According to Al Jourgensens autobiography, the single sold over 1.5 million copies worldwide, the song Jesus Built My Hotrod features guest vocals by Gibby Haynes from the Butthole Surfers. Jourgensen explained the process of collaborating with Haynes during the recording process and he couldnt even sit on a stool, let alone sing. He fell off the stool about ten times during the recording of that vocal and he made no sense and it was just gibberish. So I spent two weeks editing tape of what he did, some of the vocal samples are from films, including Brad Dourif in Wise Blood, and Dennis Hopper in Blue Velvet. The song was released November 7,1991, a more than half a year before it appeared on Psalm 69, The Way to Succeed. MuchMusic and MTV championed the accompanying video and it enjoyed repetitive plays on both stations, the photo that adorns the cover of the single depicts a 1970 Chrysler 440 Six Pack V8 engine. At one point in the video, a 1970 Plymouth GTX, equipped with the 440 Six Barrel, is driving down the street. The song reached number 19 on the U. S, modern Rock Tracks chart, was number eight on ARIAs alternative singles for 1992 and was number 3 in John Peels Festive Fifty for 1992. The song is available for download in the Rock Band series of games, a lyric from the song was used as a cheat code in the video game Sleepwalker
25.
International Standard Serial Number
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An International Standard Serial Number is an eight-digit serial number used to uniquely identify a serial publication. The ISSN is especially helpful in distinguishing between serials with the same title, ISSN are used in ordering, cataloging, interlibrary loans, and other practices in connection with serial literature. The ISSN system was first drafted as an International Organization for Standardization international standard in 1971, ISO subcommittee TC 46/SC9 is responsible for maintaining the standard. When a serial with the content is published in more than one media type. For example, many serials are published both in print and electronic media, the ISSN system refers to these types as print ISSN and electronic ISSN, respectively. The format of the ISSN is an eight digit code, divided by a hyphen into two four-digit numbers, as an integer number, it can be represented by the first seven digits. The last code digit, which may be 0-9 or an X, is a check digit. Formally, the form of the ISSN code can be expressed as follows, NNNN-NNNC where N is in the set, a digit character. The ISSN of the journal Hearing Research, for example, is 0378-5955, where the final 5 is the check digit, for calculations, an upper case X in the check digit position indicates a check digit of 10. To confirm the check digit, calculate the sum of all eight digits of the ISSN multiplied by its position in the number, the modulus 11 of the sum must be 0. There is an online ISSN checker that can validate an ISSN, ISSN codes are assigned by a network of ISSN National Centres, usually located at national libraries and coordinated by the ISSN International Centre based in Paris. The International Centre is an organization created in 1974 through an agreement between UNESCO and the French government. The International Centre maintains a database of all ISSNs assigned worldwide, at the end of 2016, the ISSN Register contained records for 1,943,572 items. ISSN and ISBN codes are similar in concept, where ISBNs are assigned to individual books, an ISBN might be assigned for particular issues of a serial, in addition to the ISSN code for the serial as a whole. An ISSN, unlike the ISBN code, is an identifier associated with a serial title. For this reason a new ISSN is assigned to a serial each time it undergoes a major title change, separate ISSNs are needed for serials in different media. Thus, the print and electronic versions of a serial need separate ISSNs. Also, a CD-ROM version and a web version of a serial require different ISSNs since two different media are involved, however, the same ISSN can be used for different file formats of the same online serial
26.
Wayback Machine
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The Internet Archive launched the Wayback Machine in October 2001. It was set up by Brewster Kahle and Bruce Gilliat, and is maintained with content from Alexa Internet, the service enables users to see archived versions of web pages across time, which the archive calls a three dimensional index. Since 1996, the Wayback Machine has been archiving cached pages of websites onto its large cluster of Linux nodes and it revisits sites every few weeks or months and archives a new version. Sites can also be captured on the fly by visitors who enter the sites URL into a search box, the intent is to capture and archive content that otherwise would be lost whenever a site is changed or closed down. The overall vision of the machines creators is to archive the entire Internet, the name Wayback Machine was chosen as a reference to the WABAC machine, a time-traveling device used by the characters Mr. Peabody and Sherman in The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show, an animated cartoon. These crawlers also respect the robots exclusion standard for websites whose owners opt for them not to appear in search results or be cached, to overcome inconsistencies in partially cached websites, Archive-It. Information had been kept on digital tape for five years, with Kahle occasionally allowing researchers, when the archive reached its fifth anniversary, it was unveiled and opened to the public in a ceremony at the University of California, Berkeley. Snapshots usually become more than six months after they are archived or, in some cases, even later. The frequency of snapshots is variable, so not all tracked website updates are recorded, Sometimes there are intervals of several weeks or years between snapshots. After August 2008 sites had to be listed on the Open Directory in order to be included. As of 2009, the Wayback Machine contained approximately three petabytes of data and was growing at a rate of 100 terabytes each month, the growth rate reported in 2003 was 12 terabytes/month, the data is stored on PetaBox rack systems manufactured by Capricorn Technologies. In 2009, the Internet Archive migrated its customized storage architecture to Sun Open Storage, in 2011 a new, improved version of the Wayback Machine, with an updated interface and fresher index of archived content, was made available for public testing. The index driving the classic Wayback Machine only has a bit of material past 2008. In January 2013, the company announced a ground-breaking milestone of 240 billion URLs, in October 2013, the company announced the Save a Page feature which allows any Internet user to archive the contents of a URL. This became a threat of abuse by the service for hosting malicious binaries, as of December 2014, the Wayback Machine contained almost nine petabytes of data and was growing at a rate of about 20 terabytes each week. Between October 2013 and March 2015 the websites global Alexa rank changed from 162 to 208, in a 2009 case, Netbula, LLC v. Chordiant Software Inc. defendant Chordiant filed a motion to compel Netbula to disable the robots. Netbula objected to the motion on the ground that defendants were asking to alter Netbulas website, in an October 2004 case, Telewizja Polska USA, Inc. v. Echostar Satellite, No.02 C3293,65 Fed. 673, a litigant attempted to use the Wayback Machine archives as a source of admissible evidence, Telewizja Polska is the provider of TVP Polonia and EchoStar operates the Dish Network
27.
Josh Klinghoffer
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Klinghoffer replaced his friend and frequent collaborator John Frusciante in 2009, after a period as a touring member. A multi-instrumentalist, Klinghoffer also fronts the rock band Dot Hacker. He is also a member of the bands Ataxia, Warpaint. Klinghoffer most commonly plays guitar or drums, and sings backup as well as lead vocals and he has also both recorded and toured as a session musician with notable artists including PJ Harvey, Beck, the Butthole Surfers, Vincent Gallo, Sparks and Golden Shoulders. Dropping out of education at the age of 15, Klinghoffer became involved in performing and recording music in Los Angeles at an early age. Klinghoffer describes himself at this time as little music dork who lived around the corner, dropped out of high school, in 1997, at the age of seventeen, Klinghoffer joined The Bicycle Thief, the then-current project from former Thelonious Monster frontman Bob Forrest. The bands subsequent studio album, You Come and Go Like a Pop Song and it was during the recording of Bicycle Thief album that Josh first met John Frusciante, who came in to record a guitar solo. The two eventually began to hang out and listen to music together at Frusciantes home, in 2000, The Bicycle Thief opened for Red Hot Chili Peppers, as the latter toured in support of their seventh studio album, Californication. Klinghoffer and then-Red Hot Chili Peppers guitarist John Frusciante began writing together in 2002 and this album was eventually released as a John Frusciante solo release in 2004, entitled Shadows Collide with People. Regarding this decision, Frusciante stated, During the first six months of 2004, Klinghoffers drums, bass, vocals, keyboards, and/or guitar can be heard on the full-length albums The Will to Death, Inside of Emptiness, and more recently in 2009s The Empyrean. 2004s A Sphere in the Heart of Silence is also credited to both musicians, and features tracks with Klinghoffer on vocals, lead guitar, synthesizers. He plays drums along with Frusciante and Fugazi bassist Joe Lally in Automatic Writing and AW II, Frusciante commented on his relationship with Klinghoffer in 2004 stating, Hes simply a very talented person and has been a very close friend for the past four years. Hes one of the few people who I really like to spend a lot of time with. In many respects hes the person who is closest to me and his opinion is very important to me and I value it a lot. In 2004, Klinghoffer also appeared on former bandmate Bob Forrests latest studio album with Thelonious Monster, Klinghoffer was a touring and session musician for Gnarls Barkley. Klinghoffer founded his own band, Dot Hacker, in 2008, the group is made up of former touring musicians for Gnarls Barkley. In 2012, they released their first full-length album, Inhibition, the title track to Inhibition was first played in a Bob Forrest radio show. A previously unreleased track, Rewire, is included in the digital-only 4-song Dot Hacker EP
28.
Psychic... Powerless... Another Man's Sac
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Another Mans Sac is the first full-length studio album by American noise rock band Butthole Surfers, released in December 1984 by Touch and Go Records in America and Fundamental Records in England. All songs were written and produced by the Butthole Surfers and this was Butthole Surfers first album on Touch and Go, and was originally released on clear vinyl. It was reissued on Latino Buggerveil in 1999, the albums back cover and label photos were produced by artist Michael Macioce. The band embarked on a more psychedelic direction with their first LP. However, while the albums first half, and in particular Cherub, have definite psychedelic qualities, elements of punk, blues, surf rock. Specifically, the drums are lifted from Children of the Grave, many of Psychic. s tracks were enhanced with extensive tape editing and, in some cases, the addition of non-traditional instrumentation, including the barrage of bizarre sounds heard in Lady Sniff. Lead vocalist Gibby Haynes debuted a new technique by singing through a bullhorn for some songs. Approximately half the songs on album, including Negro Observer, Lady Sniff, Cherub, Mexican Caravan, Cowboy Bob. According to guitarist Paul Leary, Psychic. was recorded in a very substandard studio, Leary also claims he and Haynes were living in a tool shed at the time of the sessions. Butthole Surfers werent under contract to any record label when they recorded this album, upon its completion they offered it to Alternative Tentacles, who had released the bands first two EPs but could not afford to distribute the new project. All songs written and produced by Butthole Surfers, moving to Florida –4,32 Lou Reed –4,57 Two Part –4,20 Tornadoes –2,36 Tracks 12–15 from the Cream Corn from the Socket of Davis EP. Gibby Haynes – lead vocals, saxophone Paul Leary – guitar, vocals on Mexican Caravan and Gary Floyd Bill Jolly – bass King Coffey – drums Teresa Nervosa – drums
29.
Rembrandt Pussyhorse
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Rembrandt Pussyhorse is the second full-length studio album by American experimental rock band Butthole Surfers, released in April 1986. The album was released on Touch and Go, and was reissued on Latino Buggerveil in 1999. Both Touch and Go & Latino Buggerveils CD versions of the album include 1985s Cream Corn from the Socket of Davis EP, Rembrandt Pussyhorse is one of the most experimental releases in Butthole Surfers considerably experimental catalog. According to guitarist Paul Leary and lead vocalist Gibby Haynes, Butthole Surfers were a four-piece for most of these sessions, however, not all the new instrumentation was performed by the band. The piano on Creep in the Cellar, written by Haynes, and the organ on Perry were played by the studios owner. Also of note is the violin heard on Creep in the Cellar and this was the result of Butthole Surfers purchasing a used 16-track tape, on which a country & western band had previously recorded. Upon playing their mix of Creep in the Cellar, the band discovered they had kept one of the country bands channels. Liking the way it worked with the song, they opted to keep it and they were also too tired to care about editing it out. Finally, the growls on Mark Says Alright are from a pit bull that the band owned at the time, drummer King Coffey said that Rembrandt Pussyhorse was originally intended as an EP, but eventually evolved into a full-length album. Recording took place over a number of months and in a handful of studios to fit into the bands then-grueling touring schedule, most of the songs were recorded on 16-track equipment. The album was finished prior to 1985s Cream Corn from the Socket of Davis and, according to Coffey, was recorded in 1984. Like its predecessor, this album was originally intended for release on Alternative Tentacles, though with a different mix, song selection. However, after delaying for nearly a year, the label refused to release it, outtakes from those sessions can be found on 2002s Humpty Dumpty LSD. The track Strangers Die Everyday is used during the end credits of Richard Linklaters film Slacker, all songs written by Butthole Surfers, except where noted. Moving to Florida –4,32 Comb –4,57 To Parter –4,20 Tornadoes –2,36 Tracks 10-13 from the Cream Corn from the Socket of Davis EP. Gibby Haynes – lead vocals Paul Leary – guitar, bass Trevor Malcolm – bass King Coffey – drums Teresa Nervosa – drums Bob OnNeill - piano of Creep in the Cellar, organ on Perry
30.
Hairway to Steven
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Hairway to Steven is the fourth full-length studio album by American experimental rock band Butthole Surfers, released in April 1988. All songs were written by Butthole Surfers, co-produced by Butthole Surfers and Ric Wallace, the album was recorded at January Sound Studio in Dallas. The album was released on Touch and Go, and was reissued on Latino Buggerveil in 1999. Hairway to Stevens title is a play on Led Zeppelins popular song, some of its tracks also make allusions to other famous musicians, such as Julio Iglesias. The last full-length Butthole Surfers album of the 1980s marked a point in the bands career, straddling their psychedelic noise roots. Like Butthole Surfers previous releases, Hairway to Steven uses non-traditional instrumentation, extensive tape editing, unlike its predecessors, which relied almost exclusively on a foundation of electric guitar, bass, and dual drummers, it makes equally heavy use of the acoustic guitar. This was drummer Teresa Nervosas final studio recording with Butthole Surfers, Live performances of all the albums songs, with the exception of Julio Iglesias, were included on 1989s Double Live. John E. Smoke continues to be a feature of their concerts. This album used no actual song titles when originally released, each song was represented by an absurdist, often scatological cartoon printed on the records label. Many online music services use these widely accepted titles, Hairway to Steven was recorded at one studio in a relatively short period of time. According to bassist Jeff Pinkus, the band had been performing most of songs for years before recording them for this album. Many of the previous releases had been piecework affairs, recorded over several months in numerous studios. Butthole Surfers opted to follow this albums blueprint on future recordings, Pinkus has expressed the opinion that these better-organized recording sessions stifled much of the spontaneous creativity that had propelled the groups previous albums. All songs written and co-produced by Butthole Surfers, gibby Haynes – lead vocals Paul Leary – guitar Jeff Pinkus – bass King Coffey – drums Teresa Nervosa – drums
31.
Electriclarryland
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Electriclarryland is the seventh studio album by the American rock band Butthole Surfers, released in April 1996. This album brought Butthole Surfers their first Top 40 hit with Pepper, the album was certified gold by the RIAA on August 20,1996. The title of album is a parody of Jimi Hendrixs third studio album entitled Electric Ladyland. This is the time the band has used a parody title for one of their releases. The first was Hairway to Steven which references the song Stairway to Heaven by Led Zeppelin, the albums original title was going to be Oklahoma. But fearing lawsuits, Capitol forced the band to change the name, the album was also released in a clean version with profanities removed, an alternate album cover, and the band being credited as B***h*** Surfers. The song The Lord Is a Monkey was featured in two 1996 films, an alternate Rock Version in the Beavis and Butt-head Do America soundtrack, additionally, the band performed Ulcer Breakout on an episode of The Larry Sanders Show. The album cover depicts a mans eardrum being impaled by a pencil, the original album artwork was inspired by the 1974 Hi-Fi murders. It was then replaced by a cover depicting a dog due to the graphic image. All songs written by the Butthole Surfers
32.
Butthole Surfers (EP)
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Brown Reason to Live and Pee Pee the Sailor redirect here. Butthole Surfers is the debut studio EP by American punk band Butthole Surfers and it is also known as Brown Reason to Live and Pee Pee the Sailor. All songs were written and produced by Butthole Surfers, the album was originally released on Alternative Tentacles. Butthole Surfers and 1984s Live PCPPEP were reissued as Butthole Surfers/Live PCPPEP CD on Latino Buggerveil in 2003, the 12-inch vinyl version is still available from Alternative Tentacles, and is listed as Brown Reason to Live. The center label on Butthole Surfers vinyl printings invites listeners to play the record at 69 RPM. The albums back cover features a distorted image of famed Mexican luchador Santo. Kurt Cobain listed the EP in his top fifty albums of all time, Haynes also plays saxophone and drums on some tracks. Unlike later Butthole Surfers albums, no electronic instrumentation is present, the Revenge of Anus Presley is likely a Black Flag and Henry Rollins parody. Others, including Hey and Bar-B-Q Pope, are indicators of the psychedelic direction the band would take on future albums. Having parted ways with their drummer, Scott Matthews, shortly before entering the studio. The last of them, King Coffey, is still with the band to this day, bassist Bill Jolly was also a relatively new addition, joining after original bass player Quinn Matthews quit at the same time as his brother, Scott. Jolly would also play on the Surfers first official release, Live PCPPEP. Most of this album is included in the bands live performances. Hey, Something, Bar-B-Q Pope, and Suicide, two songs from the album, The Shah Sleeps. and Bar-B-Q Pope are available for download on the MP3 section of Butthole Surfers official website. Though this EP is also known as Brown Reason to Live and Pee Pee the Sailor, firstly, Butthole Surfers were the only words to appear on the front cover of its original release. Furthermore, Latino Buggerveils 2003 reissue of the EP, together with 1984s Live PCPPEP on a single CD, is titled Butthole Surfers/Live PCPPEP, perhaps most importantly, it is listed as Butthole Surfers in the Discography section of the bands official website. That said, Brown Reason to Live has a claim to title rights. The 12-inch vinyl edition was, and still is, sold as Brown Reason to Live through original label Alternative Tentacles, finally, Latino Buggerveils reissue of this album is listed as Brown Reason to Live on iTunes
33.
Cream Corn from the Socket of Davis
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Cream Corn from the Socket of Davis is the second studio EP by American punk band Butthole Surfers, released in October 1985. All songs were written and produced by Butthole Surfers, the EP was originally released on Touch and Go. It was also included with CD editions of Rembrandt Pussyhorse in the U. S. another Mans Sac in the UK. Rembrandt Pussyhorse and Cream Corn. were again packaged as an album when they were reissued on Latino Buggerveil in 1999. Highly eclectic, Cream Corn. finds Butthole Surfers exploring blues, industrial music, psychedelic rock, while guitarist Paul Leary has described Cream Corn. as an unfinished full-length album, lead vocalist Gibby Haynes has said it was conceived as a single with additional songs. It is unclear if Teresa Nervosa performed on all four songs and she has been confirmed as playing on To Parter and Tornadoes. Three of the EPs songs – Moving to Florida, Comb, Moving to Floridas first spoken words would later be sampled by Japanese noise band Hanatarash on their track Butthole Surfers/Pisshole Surfers. The Davis in the title is a reference to American entertainer Sammy Davis, Jr. while the socket alludes to the socket of his left eye. The albums original cover concept called for an image depicting cream corn spewing from Davis eye socket, the commissioned piece did not match the bands expectations though, and they decided to use a different cover image while keeping the concepts name. According to guitarist Paul Leary, he acquired the eventual cover image by chance while purchasing marijuana from an acquaintance in San Antonio, the images photographer was at the acquaintances residence for the same reason, and happened to have his portfolio with him. After a session of drinking and impromptu guitar playing, Leary accidentally caused some of the photographers photos to fall on the floor. One of these pictures was a group shot depicting the girl seen on Cream Corns cover. Leary commented that he liked it, the photographer gave him the photo and its rights, and the girls picture was cropped, blown up. The EP was recorded in Athens, Georgia and New York City, Two of its songs, To Parter and Tornadoes, were originally intended as part of the bands Rembrandt Pussyhorse album, which was completed long before Cream Corn. s debut. Alternative Tentacles, who had the option to release Rembrandt Pussyhorse. While waiting on Alternative Tentacles, Butthole Surfers released this EP through Touch and it is not known if the inclusion of two proposed Rembrandt Pussyhorse songs on Cream Corn. Factored into Alternative Tentacles final decision, all songs written and produced by Butthole Surfers.2 Titled Two Part on UK editions. All songs written and produced by the Butthole Surfers, Gibby Haynes – lead vocals Paul Leary – guitar, bass Terence Smart – bass King Coffey – drums Teresa Nervosa – drums
34.
Widowermaker
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Widowermaker is the third studio EP by American punk band Butthole Surfers, released in September 1989. All songs were written by Butthole Surfers and this was the bands last release on Touch and Go Records. Helicopter –6,47 Bong Song –3,41 The Colored FBI Guy –2,46 Booze Tobacco Dope Pussy Cars –2,19 The UK edition, on Blast First, was released on 10 vinyl. It was later reissued on a mini CD with a plastic cover to fit in all CD players. It has the tracks with slightly different names and in a different order to the US release. Bon Song 1401 Booze Tobacco Helicopter 1401 is the name of The Colored FBI Guy. The name is a reference to the address of the house that Butthole Surfers lived in at the time, gibby Haynes – lead vocals Paul Leary – guitar Jeff Pinkus – bass King Coffey – drums
