1.
Orchestra
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The term orchestra derives from the Greek ὀρχήστρα, the name for the area in front of a stage in ancient Greek theatre reserved for the Greek chorus. A full-size orchestra may sometimes be called an orchestra or philharmonic orchestra. The actual number of employed in a given performance may vary from seventy to over one hundred musicians, depending on the work being played. The term chamber orchestra usually refers to smaller-sized ensembles of about fifty musicians or fewer, the typical orchestra grew in size throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, reaching a peak with the large orchestras called for in the works of Richard Wagner, and later, Gustav Mahler. Orchestras are usually led by a conductor who directs the performance with movements of the hands and arms, the conductor unifies the orchestra, sets the tempo and shapes the sound of the ensemble. The first violin, commonly called the concertmaster, also plays an important role in leading the musicians, the typical symphony orchestra consists of four groups of related musical instruments called the woodwinds, brass, percussion, and strings. The orchestra, depending on the size, contains almost all of the instruments in each group. Chamber orchestra usually refers to smaller-sized ensembles, a chamber orchestra might employ as many as fifty musicians. The term concert orchestra may also be used, as in the BBC Concert Orchestra, the so-called standard complement of doubled winds and brass in the orchestra from the first half of the 19th century is generally attributed to the forces called for by Beethoven. The composers instrumentation almost always included paired flutes, oboes, clarinets, bassoons, horns, the exceptions to this are his Symphony No. 4, Violin Concerto, and Piano Concerto No,4, which each specify a single flute. Beethoven carefully calculated the expansion of this particular timbral palette in Symphonies 3,5,6, the third horn in the Eroica Symphony arrives to provide not only some harmonic flexibility, but also the effect of choral brass in the Trio movement. Piccolo, contrabassoon, and trombones add to the finale of his Symphony No.5. A piccolo and a pair of trombones help deliver the effect of storm and sunshine in the Sixth, for several decades after his death, symphonic instrumentation was faithful to Beethovens well-established model, with few exceptions. Apart from the core orchestral complement, various instruments are called for occasionally. These include the guitar, heckelphone, flugelhorn, cornet, harpsichord. Saxophones, for example, appear in some 19th- through 21st-century scores.6 and 9 and William Waltons Belshazzars Feast, and many other works as a member of the orchestral ensemble. The euphonium is featured in a few late Romantic and 20th-century works, usually playing parts marked tenor tuba, including Gustav Holsts The Planets, cornets appear in Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovskys ballet Swan Lake, Claude Debussys La Mer, and several orchestral works by Hector Berlioz
2.
Hilbert Circle Theatre
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The Hilbert Circle Theatre, originally called the Circle Theater, is in Indianapolis, Indiana, on Monument Circle. It was built in 1916 and consists of a Neoclassical style, the front facade is slightly curved. It was originally built has a movie palace. Reopening on October 12,1984, the Circle Theatre is home to the Indianapolis Symphony Orchestra, in December 1996, it was renamed the Hilbert Circle Theatre after being endowed by Stephen Hilbert, founder of Conseco, and his wife Tomisue. The theatre holds 1,781 seats and has space for an 87-member ensemble and it is now home to a 3-manual 24-rank Wurlitzer theatre organ. It was the venue for the competition at the 1987 Pan American Games. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980 and it is located in the Washington Street-Monument Circle Historic District. Official website Circle Theater from Indianapolis, a Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary
3.
Indianapolis
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Indianapolis, is the capital and largest city of the U. S. state of Indiana and the seat of Marion County. It is in the East North Central region of the Midwestern United States, with an estimated population of 853,173 in 2015, Indianapolis is the second most populous city in the Midwest, after Chicago, and 14th largest in the U. S. The city is the economic and cultural center of the Indianapolis metropolitan area, home to 2 million people and its combined statistical area ranks 26th, with 2.4 million inhabitants. Indianapolis covers 372 square miles, making it the 16th largest city by area in the U. S. The city grew beyond the Mile Square, as completion of the National Road and advent of the railroad solidified the position as a manufacturing. Indianapolis is within a single-day drive of 70 percent of the nations population, Indianapolis has developed niche markets in amateur sports and auto racing. The city is perhaps best known for hosting the worlds largest single-day sporting event. The city is notable as headquarters for the American Legion and home to a significant collection of monuments dedicated to veterans and war dead, the most in the U. S. outside of Washington, D. C. Since the 1970 city-county consolidation, known as Unigov, local government administration has operated under the direction of an elected 25-member city-county council, Indianapolis is considered a high sufficiency global city. In 1816, the year Indiana gained statehood, the U. S. Congress donated four sections of land to establish a permanent seat of state government. Two years later, under the Treaty of St. Marys and this tract of land, which was called the New Purchase, included the site selected for the new state capital in 1820. The availability of new lands for purchase in central Indiana attracted settlers. Although many of these first European and American setters were Protestants, few African Americans lived in central Indiana before 1840. The first European Americans to permanently settle in the area that became Indianapolis were either the McCormick or Pogue families, on January 11,1820, the Indiana General Assembly authorized a committee to select a site in central Indiana for the new state capital. The state legislature approved the site, adopting the name Indianapolis on January 6,1821, in April, Alexander Ralston and Elias Pym Fordham were appointed to survey and design a town plan for the new settlement. Indianapolis became a seat of county government on December 31,1821, a combined county and town government continued until 1832, when Indianapolis incorporated as a town. Indianapolis became an incorporated city effective March 30,1847, Samuel Henderson, the citys first mayor, led the new city government, which included a seven-member city council. In 1853, voters approved a new city charter provided for an elected mayor
4.
Indiana
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Indiana /ɪndiˈænə/ is a U. S. state located in the midwestern and Great Lakes regions of North America. Indiana is the 38th largest by area and the 16th most populous of the 50 United States and its capital and largest city is Indianapolis. Indiana was admitted to the United States as the 19th U. S. state on December 11,1816, before becoming a territory, varying cultures of indigenous peoples and historic Native Americans inhabited Indiana for thousands of years. Indiana has an economy with a gross state product of $298 billion in 2012. Indiana has several areas with populations greater than 100,000. The states name means Land of the Indians, or simply Indian Land and it also stems from Indianas territorial history. On May 7,1800, the United States Congress passed legislation to divide the Northwest Territory into two areas and named the section the Indiana Territory. In 1816, when Congress passed an Enabling Act to begin the process of establishing statehood for Indiana, a resident of Indiana is officially known as a Hoosier. The first inhabitants in what is now Indiana were the Paleo-Indians, divided into small groups, the Paleo-Indians were nomads who hunted large game such as mastodons. They created stone tools made out of chert by chipping, knapping and flaking, the Archaic period, which began between 5000 and 4000 BC, covered the next phase of indigenous culture. The people developed new tools as well as techniques to cook food, such new tools included different types of spear points and knives, with various forms of notches. They made ground-stone tools such as axes, woodworking tools. During the latter part of the period, they built mounds and middens. The Archaic period ended at about 1500 BC, although some Archaic people lived until 700 BC, afterward, the Woodland period took place in Indiana, where various new cultural attributes appeared. During this period, the people created ceramics and pottery, an early Woodland period group named the Adena people had elegant burial rituals, featuring log tombs beneath earth mounds. In the middle portion of the Woodland period, the Hopewell people began developing long-range trade of goods, nearing the end of the stage, the people developed highly productive cultivation and adaptation of agriculture, growing such crops as corn and squash. The Woodland period ended around 1000 AD, the Mississippian culture emerged, lasting from 1000 until the 15th century, shortly before the arrival of Europeans. During this stage, the people created large urban settlements designed according to their cosmology, with mounds and plazas defining ceremonial
5.
Marsh Supermarkets
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Marsh Supermarkets is a retail food chain headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana, with stores throughout Central Indiana and parts of western Ohio. Its parent company is Sun Capital Partners, headquartered in Boca Raton, founded in 1931 in Muncie, the company went public in 1953 and has since grown to 97 locations. Of the 97 locations,69 are marketed as Marsh Supermarkets, the companys founder, Ermal Marsh, was able to hold together his first store throughout the Great Depression and World War II. After the war ended, Ermal expanded his store into Marsh Foodliners, in 1952, Ermal had built the first warehouse distribution center for Marsh Supermarkets in Yorktown, Indiana. Within that same year, Marsh stores also introduced their own brand of ice cream. In 1953 when the company went public, Ermal had an operation of 16 Marsh Supermarkets, in August 1959 a horrific plane crash near the city of Logansport, Indiana, took the life of Ermal Marsh. Estel Marsh, Ermals brother, was given the title of president of the company. Under Estel Marsh, the name of the company was changed from Marsh Foodliners to Marsh Supermarkets in 1960, adapting to a rising trend, Marsh Supermarkets decided to open a new wave of convenience stores across Indiana. In 1966, the very first Village Pantry store and gas station was opened, in 1968 as Marsh Supermarkets continued to grow, Estel Marsh was promoted to Chairman of the Board. This promotion cleared the way for Don Marsh, the son of Ermal Marsh. As president, Don was able to be a front-runner in Marshs progression and adaptation to new technologies, one of Marshs most distinguishing features has been its innovation and early adoption of retail technology. On June 26,1974, a Marsh location in Troy, Ohio, the first item scanned was a ten piece pack of gum. The first print mention of this program was in the April 1994 issue of the Indianapolis Recorder, in conjunction with this program, Marsh became the first supermarket chain in the region to offer a co-branded Visa card the following year. Also, Marsh Fresh Express gave way to home delivery. Through Marsh Fresh Express, a customer can buy their groceries over the phone or internet, in 1991, major changes came to Marsh Supermarkets. The company headquarters moved to a new location along Interstate 69 in Fishers, Marsh also released a new plan to re-format the stores, known as the Supermarket of the Future campaign. This new format made Marsh Supermarket stores open 24 hours, seven days a week, also, a full-service pharmacy was implemented, along with a help-yourself style food court which contained food items ranging from salads to sushi, as well as a bagel shop and espresso bar. In store banks were installed, as well as Fieldings Playhouse for toddlers, a New York Style Pizzeria
6.
Conner Prairie
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Conner Prairie was founded by pharmaceutical executive Eli Lilly in the 1930s. Lilly also transferred about 1,400 acres of surrounding farmland to the college with the expectation that Earlham would sell that land and use the proceeds to provide an endowment for the museum. Instead, Earlham elected to retain the farmland and expand the museum, constructing an 1836 village, Prairietown, the museum grew in scope and popularity. In 1992 Earlham created a wholly owned subsidiary to run the museum and appointed a volunteer board of directors. Beginning in 1999, tension began to develop between the board of directors and Earlham regarding the museums governance and the financial policies. The dispute culminated in Earlhams dismissal of the board of directors, Conner Prairie now has its own board of directors and maintains its own finances and endowment fund. In 2009 Conner Prairie became an affiliate in the Smithsonian Affiliations program, on December 17,2010, Conner Prairie was awarded the National Medal for Museum and Library Service and a $10,000 prize in a ceremony at the White House. The living museum opened its newest exhibit in June 2011, the 1863 Civil War Journey, Raid on Indiana documents Morgans Raid with live action, video, and interactive activities. The museum grounds are divided into sections, where different eras in history are recreated to create a kind of living timeline. Staff in historical clothing demonstrate the way early inhabitants in the area lived and they explain their lifestyles in character while performing chores such as cooking, chopping wood, making pottery, and tending to animals. Patrons are often invited to join in the activities, the museums main building, called the Welcome Center, contains the entrance lobby, ticket sales counter, Create. Connect, Discovery Station/Craft Corner indoor play area, banquet hall, and gift shop. The gift shop sells pottery made by the museums costumed staff as well as more conventional souvenirs and it also hosts American Civil War reenactments, Hearthside Suppers, and Christmas holiday events and dinners. Built in 1823, the William Conner House is a two-story Federal style brick house on the edge of the West Fork of the White River. The house is believed to be one of the first brick built in central Indiana. Seven of William and Elizabeth Conners 10 children were born in the home, Conners house was used as the meeting place for the County Commissioners, Circuit Court, and served as a post office in the early days of Hamilton County. Although Conner lived in the house until only 1837, his sons, in the 1860s, Conners Delaware children he had with Mekinges Conner unsuccessfully attempted to gain title to the land. The house continued to be used as a residence by various owners until 1935, when Conners house was purchased by Eli Lilly, Lilly restored the house and turned it into a museum. In 1980, the William Conner House was listed in the National Register of Historic Places, the genuine Conner brick house and barn are preserved as a museum
7.
Fishers, Indiana
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Fishers is a city located in Fall Creek and Delaware townships, Hamilton County, Indiana, United States, with a population of 76,794, according to the 2010 census. A suburb of Indianapolis, Fishers has grown rapidly in recent decades, about 350 people lived there in 1963,2,000 in 1980, and only 7,200 as recently as 1990. In 2011, Fishers was named the one city for families by The Learning Channel and was selected as a Green Community by the Indiana Association of Cities. The city was named the safest in the nation by CQ Press for 2011-2012, Fishers was also ranked the 24th best place to live in America by Money magazine in 2005, 33rd in 2006, 10th in 2008, and 12th in 2012. After the passage of a referendum on Fishers status in 2012, the first mayor of Fishers—Scott Fadness—along with the citys first clerk and city council were sworn in on December 21,2014. The William Conner House and West-Harris House are listed on the National Register of Historic Places, in 1802 William Conner settled what is now present-day Fishers, Indiana. Conner built a log cabin and a trading post along the White River, the land that Conner settled is now known as Conner Prairie and is one of the nations most respected living history museums. At the treaty William Conner served as an interpreter for Chief William Anderson, at the time William Conner was married to Mekinges Conner princess and daughter of Chief William Anderson. In 1823, Hamilton County was chartered by the Indiana General Assembly, after the state of Indiana moved its capital to Indianapolis from Corydon in 1825, the community started to grow. After the move, John Finch established a horse-powered grinding mill, a shop. The next year the area’s first water mill was constructed, during 1826 the Ambassador House was built near the White River, at the modern-day corner of 106th Street and Eller Road. It was later acquired by Addison and India Harris, who was appointed ambassador to the Austro-Hungarian Empire by U. S. President William McKinley. Today, Ambassador House sits on the grounds of Fishers Heritage Park at White River, in 1849, construction began on the Peru & Indianapolis Railroad, extending from Indianapolis to Chicago. This railroad brought several people to the then known as Fishers Switch. In 1872, Fishers Switch, also known as Fishers Station, was platted by Salathial Fisher at the intersection of 116th Street. Indianas General Assembly incorporated Fishers Station in 1891, in 1908 the post office changed the name of Fishers Switch to Fishers by dropping Switch. After William Conner’s death in 1855, his farm became a place of interest. The Hamilton County Historical Society placed a marker on the site of the William Conner farm in 1927, Eli Lilly, then head of Eli Lilly and Company, purchased William Conners farm in 1934 and began restoring the farm
8.
Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis)
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In the years since its public dedication on May 15,1902, the monument has become an iconic symbol of Indianapolis, the state capital of Indiana. It is located in the Washington Street-Monument Circle Historic District and it is also the largest outdoor memorial and the largest of its kind in Indiana. It was designed by German architect Bruno Schmitz and built over a thirteen-year period, the monument is the first in the United States to be dedicated to the common soldier. The obelisk-shaped monument is built of limestone from Owen County. It rests on a raised foundation surrounded by pools and fountains, broad stone steps on its north and south sides lead to two terraces at its base. Stone tablets above the entrance doors on the obelisks north and south sides bear inscriptions commemorating Indianas soldiers. An inscription above the tablets reads, To Indianas Silent Victors, an observation deck is accessible by stairs or elevator from the interior. At the time of the dedication in 1902, its cost was $598,318. It has been estimated that construction of a structure in 2014 would exceed $500 million. Three astragals, one by Nikolaus Geiger and two others by George T. Brewster, surround the stone obelisk. Additional sculptures include John H. Mahoneys bronze statues of George Rogers Clark, William Henry Harrison, and James Whitcomb, brewsters 30-foot bronze statue of Victory crowns the obelisk. The Indianapolis monument is approximately 15 feet shorter than New York Citys 305-foot Statue of Liberty, originally the plot of land at the center of Indianapolis was used as a public gathering place, the site of the Indiana governors residence, and a city park. Construction on the monument began in 1888 and was dedicated in 1902, the site was originally called the Governors Circle because of its designation as the future site of the Indiana governors residence. The Circle was a hub of community life from the beginning in 1821. It was used as a place for religious services before the towns churches were built. A weekly market was held on the site from 1822 to 1824, a governors residence was built on the Circle in 1827. By 1851 the building had deteriorated and it was torn down in 1857, and the site became a vacant lot. As Indianapolis grew and developed during and after the Civil War, the became a popular meeting place for mass gatherings, public rallies
9.
Clowes Memorial Hall
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Clowes Memorial Hall officially known as Clowes Memorial Hall of Butler University is a theatre located on the campus of Butler University, in Indianapolis, Indiana, United States. Opened October 18,1963, it hosts numerous significant concerts, orchestras, musicals, plays, Clowes Hall was dedicated to the memory of Dr. George Henry Alexander Clowes. Clowes was the director of biochemical research for Eli Lilly. He maintained a lifetime love of the arts, with the help of his wife and Butler University, the Clowes Fund was created to help build what is now Clowes Memorial Hall. The building was designed by architects Evans Woollen III of Woollen, Molzan and Partners, the building was originally intended to be used by both Butler University and the Indianapolis Symphony Orchestra. This joint venture continued until 1984 when the orchestra purchased, renovated, in addition to being the former home of the Indianapolis Symphony Orchestra, Clowes Memorial Hall has been home to a number of significant music performances and productions. In 2011, Adam Lambert recorded his Glam Nation Tour at the venue for the Glam Nation Live CD/DVD set, tours of Clowes Hall are available on weekdays, at no charge, from 8,30 AM to 4,00 PM. Tourists are given a history as well as a behind-the-scenes tour of the building
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