1.
Jakarta
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Jakarta /dʒəˈkɑːrtə/, officially the Special Capital Region of Jakarta, is the capital and most populous city of the Republic of Indonesia. Located on the northwest coast of the worlds most populous island of Java, Jakarta is the economic, cultural and political centre. The official metropolitan area, known as Jabodetabek, is the second largest in the world, established in the fourth century, the city became an important trading port for the Kingdom of Sunda. It was the de facto capital of the Dutch East Indies, today, the city has continued as the capital of Indonesia since the countrys independence was declared in 1945. Jakarta is listed as a city in the 2012 Globalization and World Cities Study Group. Based on the global metro monitor by the Brookings Institution, in 2014, Jakarta has grown more rapidly than Kuala Lumpur, Beijing, and Bangkok. Jakarta has been home to multiple settlements along with their names, Sunda Kelapa, Jayakarta, Batavia, Djakarta. Its current name derives from the word Jayakarta, the origins of this word can be traced to the Old Javanese and ultimately to the Sanskrit language. Jayakarta translates as victorious deed, complete act, or complete victory, Jakarta is nicknamed the Big Durian, the thorny strongly-odored fruit native to the region, as the city is seen as the Indonesian equivalent of the US city of New York. In the colonial era, the city was known as Koningin van het Oosten, initially in the 17th century for the urban beauty of downtown Batavias canals, mansions. After expanding to the south in the 19th century, this came to be more associated with the suburbs, with their wide lanes, many green spaces. The area in and around modern Jakarta was part of the fourth century Sundanese kingdom of Tarumanagara, following the decline of Tarumanagara, its territories, including the Jakarta area, became part of the Hindu Kingdom of Sunda. From 7th to early 13th century port of Sunda was within the sphere of influence of the Srivijaya maritime empire. According to the Chinese source, Chu-fan-chi, written circa 1225, Chou Ju-kua reported in the early 13th century Srivijaya still ruled Sumatra, the source reports the port of Sunda as strategic and thriving, pepper from Sunda being among the best in quality. The people worked in agriculture and their houses were built on wooden piles, the harbour area became known as Sunda Kelapa and by the fourteenth century, it was a major trading port for Sunda kingdom. The first European fleet, four Portuguese ships from Malacca, arrived in 1513 when the Portuguese were looking for a route for spices, in 1527, Fatahillah, a Javanese general from Demak attacked and conquered Sunda Kelapa, driving out the Portuguese. Sunda Kelapa was renamed Jayakarta, and became a fiefdom of the Sultanate of Banten which became a major Southeast Asia trading centre, through the relationship with Prince Jayawikarta from the Sultanate of Banten, Dutch ships arrived in Jayakarta in 1596. In 1602, the English East India Companys first voyage, commanded by Sir James Lancaster, arrived in Aceh and this site became the centre of English trade in Indonesia until 1682
2.
Wiranto
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Wiranto is a retired Indonesian army General. He was the Commander of the military of Indonesia from February 1998 to October 1999, on 27 July 2016 Wiranto was appointed to the position of Coordinating Minister for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs, replacing Luhut Binsar Panjaitan. Both the United Nations and domestic groups have gathered evidence on this, in January 2000, an Indonesian commission placed general responsibility for these injustices on Wiranto. Some claim that Wiranto played a key role as an influence during the turbulent times of 1998 when Suharto resigned. He had the power to military rule, but refused to do so. Taufik Darusman labeled him a military reformist because Wiranto reduced the role in Indonesian politics. He initiated the reduction of their seats in parliament and separated the police from the military, nonetheless, more than 2,000 East Timorese were killed in violence under his watch, as well as 500,000 forced into displacement. Wiranto was born on 4 April 1947 in Yogyakarta to RS Wirowijoto and he was the sixth out of nine children. Only one month old, Wiranto and his family moved from Yogyakarta to Boyolali near Surakarta for safety reasons as the Dutch were planning to launch an attack on Yogyakarta, at Surakarta, Wiranto completed his primary and secondary education. When he was a child, Wiranto dreamed of a military career, however, training to become an architect was not feasible financially, so Wiranto decided to join the National Military Academy. Wiranto graduated from AMN in 1968 and spent the part of his military career in North Sulawesi. There he worked his way up from being a Platoon Commander to a Battalion Commander in 1982, from there he worked in the ABRI Headquarters for two years before joining Kostrad in 1985 as a Brigade Chief of Staff in East Java. In 1987, he was transferred to Jakarta where became Deputy Operations Assistant to the Kostrad Chief of Staff, in 1989, his career had a major break when he was selected to become an aide-de-camp to President Suharto. The position of presidential aide-de-camp was a one in the New Order regime as it became a launching pad for officers to have successful military careers. By Wirantos own accounts,2 Army Commanders,3 Armed Services Chiefs of Staffs, in 1993, Wiranto became KODAM Jaya Chief of Staff and became commander of KODAM Jaya in 1994. Two years later, he became commander of Kostrad and in 1997, was appointed Army Chief of Staff, Wirantos appointment as Commander of ABRI in February 1998 came at a crucial time. Indonesia was suffering from the effects of the Asian Financial Crisis, nevertheless, Suharto was re-elected for a seventh term as president by the Peoples Consultative Assembly as the situation continued to deteriorate. In Suhartos new Cabinet, Wiranto was named as the Minister of Defense, as the situation worsened, Wiranto tried to calm the situation down through dialogue
3.
Badminton Asia
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The Badminton Asia is the governing body of badminton in Asia. It is one of the 5 continental bodies under the flag of the Badminton World Federation, the confederation was established in 1959, headquartered in Petaling Jaya, Malaysia. It aims to maintain Asia as the benchmark for world badminton in many years to come and it now has 43 member federations. It had decided in the Annual General Meeting on July 16,2006 that the name was changed from Asian Badminton Confederation to Badminton Asia Confederation
4.
Badminton World Federation
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The Badminton World Federation is the international governing body for the sport of badminton recognised by the International Olympic Committee IOC. Founded in 1934 as the International Badminton Federation with nine member nations, on 24 September 2006, at the Extraordinary General Meeting in Madrid, it was decided to adopt the new name Badminton World Federation. Its head office was located in Cheltenham, UK since its founding and its current president is Poul-Erik Høyer Larsen. BWF World Ranking is used for determining the qualification for entry, the points awarded is based on the final results of each tournament participated for the past 52 weeks. Junior Ranking consists of players under 19 years old, however, the BWF revived the event in 2005 but only as an invitational tournament. China swept gold in all 5 categories, World Grand Prix has been on hiatus since 2000. It was designed by Indonesian Aboeb Luthfy as part of the three months contest launched by the federation, BWF launched new logo during 2012 Thomas & Uber Cup. World Badminton The IBF Handbook World Badminton Federation Official website Official fans website Official corporate websitehjjjhuunijhp
5.
Indonesia
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Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a unitary sovereign state and transcontinental country located mainly in Southeast Asia with some territories in Oceania. Situated between the Indian and Pacific oceans, it is the worlds largest island country, with more than seventeen thousand islands. At 1,904,569 square kilometres, Indonesia is the worlds 14th-largest country in terms of area and worlds 7th-largest country in terms of combined sea. It has an population of over 260 million people and is the worlds fourth most populous country. The worlds most populous island, Java, contains more than half of the countrys population, Indonesias republican form of government includes an elected legislature and president. Indonesia has 34 provinces, of which five have Special Administrative status and its capital and countrys most populous city is Jakarta, which is also the most populous city in Southeast Asia and the second in Asia. The country shares land borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor, other neighbouring countries include Singapore, Vietnam, the Philippines, Australia, Palau, and the Indian territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Despite its large population and densely populated regions, Indonesia has vast areas of wilderness that support the second highest level of biodiversity. The country has abundant natural resources like oil and natural gas, tin, copper, agriculture mainly produces rice, palm oil, tea, coffee, cacao, medicinal plants, spices and rubber. Indonesias major trading partners are Japan, United States, China, the Indonesian archipelago has been an important region for trade since at least the 7th century, when Srivijaya and then later Majapahit traded with China and India. Local rulers gradually absorbed foreign cultural, religious and political models from the early centuries CE, Indonesian history has been influenced by foreign powers drawn to its natural resources. Indonesia consists of hundreds of native ethnic and linguistic groups. The largest – and politically dominant – ethnic group are the Javanese, a shared identity has developed, defined by a national language, ethnic diversity, religious pluralism within a Muslim-majority population, and a history of colonialism and rebellion against it. Indonesias national motto, Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, articulates the diversity that shapes the country, Indonesias economy is the worlds 16th largest by nominal GDP and the 8th largest by GDP at PPP, the largest in Southeast Asia, and is considered an emerging market and newly industrialised country. Indonesia has been a member of the United Nations since 1950, Indonesia is a member of the G20 major economies and World Trade Organization. The name Indonesia derives from the Greek name of the Indós, the name dates to the 18th century, far predating the formation of independent Indonesia. In 1850, George Windsor Earl, an English ethnologist, proposed the terms Indunesians—and, his preference, in the same publication, one of his students, James Richardson Logan, used Indonesia as a synonym for Indian Archipelago. However, Dutch academics writing in East Indies publications were reluctant to use Indonesia, they preferred Malay Archipelago, the Netherlands East Indies, popularly Indië, the East, and Insulinde
6.
Badminton
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Badminton is a racquet sport played using racquets to hit a shuttlecock across a net. Although it may be played with teams, the most common forms of the game are singles and doubles. Badminton is often played as an outdoor activity in a yard or on a beach. Points are scored by striking the shuttlecock with the racquet and landing it within the opposing half of the court. Each side may only strike the shuttlecock once before it passes over the net, play ends once the shuttlecock has struck the floor or if a fault has been called by the umpire, service judge, or the opposing side. The shuttlecock is a feathered or plastic projectile which flies differently from the used in many other sports. In particular, the feathers create much higher drag, causing the shuttlecock to decelerate more rapidly, shuttlecocks also have a high top speed compared to the balls in other racquet sports. The game developed in British India from the game of battledore. European play came to be dominated by Denmark but the game has very popular in Asia. Since 1992, badminton has been a Summer Olympic sport with five events, mens singles, womens singles, mens doubles, womens doubles, at high levels of play, the sport demands excellent fitness, players require aerobic stamina, agility, strength, speed, and precision. It is also a sport, requiring good motor coordination. The name derives from the Duke of Beauforts Badminton House in Gloucestershire, as early as 1860, a London toy dealer named Isaac Spratt published a booklet titled Badminton Battledore—A New Game but unfortunately no copy has survived. An 1863 article in The Cornhill Magazine describes badminton as battledore and shuttlecock played with sides, the game may have originally developed among expatriate officers in British India, where it was very popular by the 1870s. Early on, the game was known as Poona or Poonah after the garrison town of Pune, where it was particularly popular. By 1875, returning officers had started a club in Folkestone. Initially, the sport was played with sides ranging from 1–4 players, the shuttlecocks were coated with India rubber and, in outdoor play, sometimes weighted with lead. Although the depth of the net was of no consequence, it was preferred that it should reach the ground, the sport was played under the Pune rules until 1887, when the J. H. E. Hart of the Bath Badminton Club drew up revised regulations, in 1890, Hart and Bagnel Wild again revised the rules
7.
Team
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A team is a group of people or animals linked in a common purpose. Human teams are especially appropriate for conducting tasks that are high in complexity and have many interdependent subtasks, a group does not necessarily constitute a team. Teams normally have members with skills and generate synergy through a coordinated effort which allows each member to maximize their strengths. Teams can be broken down into from a team or one big group of people. Thus teams of players can form to practise their craft/sport. Transport logistics executives can select teams of horses, dogs, or oxen for the purpose of conveying passengers or goods, the concept was introduced into business in the late 20th century, which was followed by a popularization of the concept of constructing teams. Differing opinions exist on the efficacy of new management fad. Some see team as a word, overused and under-useful. Others see it as a panacea that realizes the human-relations movements desire to integrate what that movement perceives as best for workers, however, Hackman argued that team effectiveness should not be viewed only in terms of performance. While performance is an important outcome, an effective team will contribute to the personal well-being. Compare the more structured/skilled concept of a crew, the advantages of formal and informal partnerships, or the well-defined -, Team size and team composition affect team processes and team outcomes. The optimal size of teams is debated and will vary depending on the task at hand, at least one study of problem-solving in groups showed an optimal size of groups at four members. Other works estimate the size between 5-12 members or a number of members that can consume two pizzas. The following extract is taken from Chong, The interest in teams gained momentum in the 1980s with the publication of Belbin’s work on successful teams, the research into teams and teamwork followed two lines of inquiry. Writers such as Belbin, Woodcock, Margerison and McCann, Davis et al, parker, and Spencer and Pruss focused on team roles and how these affected team performance. These studies suggested that team performance was a function of the number, the number of roles for optimal performance varied from 15 to four. This variation has been attributed to how roles were defined, personality traits, on the other hand, were internally driven and relatively stable over time and across situations. These traits affected behavioural patterns in ways and, in varying degrees
8.
Competition
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It arises whenever at least two parties strive for a goal which cannot be shared, where ones gain is the others loss. Competition occurs naturally between living organisms which co-exist in the same environment, for example, animals compete over water supplies, food, mates, and other biological resources. Humans usually compete for food and mates, though when these needs are met deep rivalries often arise over the pursuit of wealth, power, prestige, and fame. Competition is often considered to be the opposite of cooperation, however in the real world, optimal strategies to achieve goals are studied in the branch of mathematics known as games theory. Also competition inside a company is usually stimulated with the purpose of meeting and reaching higher quality of services or improved products that the company may produce or develop. Competition can have both beneficial and detrimental effects, many evolutionary biologists view inter-species and intra-species competition as the driving force of adaptation, and ultimately of evolution. However, some disagree, citing competition as a driving force only on a small scale. Some social Darwinists claim that competition also serves as a mechanism for determining the best-suited group, positively, competition may serve as a form of recreation or a challenge provided that it is non-hostile. On the negative side, competition can cause injury and loss to the organisms involved, competition within, between, and among species is one of the most important forces in biology, especially in the field of ecology. Third parties within a species often favour highly competitive strategies leading to extinction when environmental conditions are harsh. Competition is also present between species, when resources are limited, several species may depend on these resources. Thus, each of the species competes with the others to access to the resources. As a result, species less suited to compete for the resources may die out unless they adapt by character dislocation, according to evolutionary theory, this competition within and between species for resources plays a significant role in natural selection. This is illustrated by living plant communities where asymmetric competition and competitive dominance frequently occur, game theory is the study of mathematical models of conflict and cooperation between intelligent rational decision-makers. Game theory is used in economics, political science, and psychology, as well as logic, computer science, biology. Originally, it mainly addressed zero-sum games, in one persons gains result in losses for the other participants. Game theory is a method used in mathematical economics and business for modeling competing behaviors of interacting agents. This research usually focuses on particular sets of strategies known as solution concepts or equilibria, a common assumption is that players act rationally
9.
Badminton Association of Indonesia
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The Badminton Association of Indonesia or PBSI is the governing body of badminton in Indonesia. It was founded on May 5,1951, the PBSI joined the Badminton Asia Confederation in 1959 and later on also the Badminton World Federation. The Indonesian badminton is ranked 3rd in the according to BWFs 2006 rankings. PBSI is also the body of the Indonesia national badminton team. Indonesia Open, an open tournament that attracts the worlds elite players. Indonesian Masters Indonesia International Challenge Indonesian League
10.
Thomas Cup
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The championships have been conducted every two years since the 1982 tournament, amended from being conducted every three years since the first tournament held in 1948–1949. The final phase of the tournament involves twelve teams competing at venues within a host nation and is played concurrently with the phase of the world womens team championships. Since 1984 the two competitions have been held jointly at the stages of play. Of the twenty-eight Thomas Cup tournaments held since 1948–1949, only five nations have won the title, Indonesia is the most successful team, having won the tournament thirteen times. China, which did not begin to compete until the 1982 series, follows Indonesia with nine titles, Japan and Denmark both have one. Thomas Cup and, to an extent, Uber Cup are possibly the worlds biggest and most prestigious regularly held badminton events in terms of player. Japan became the nation to win the Thomas Cup after beating Malaysia 3–2 in the 2014 final. His idea was received at the general meeting of the International Badminton Federation in 1939. In the same year, Sir George presented the Thomas Cup, officially known as The International Badminton Championship Challenge Cup, produced by Atkin Bros of London at a cost of US$40,000. The Cup stands 28 inches high and 16 inches across at its widest, the first tournament was originally planned for 1941–1942, but was delayed when World War II exploded across the continents. Sir Georges dream was realized in 1948–1949 when ten national teams participated in the first Thomas Cup competition. Three qualifying zones were established, Pan America, Europe, in a format that would last until 1984, all ties would consist of nine individual matches, the victorious nation needing to win at least five of these contests. The top two players for each side faced both of the top two players for the opposite side, accounting for four matches. A fifth singles match took place between the third ranked singles players for each team, finally, two doubles pairings for each side played both of the doubles pairings for the opposite side, accounting for four more matches. The inter-zone ties were held in the United Kingdom, as the tournament used a knockout system, rather than a round-robin system, one country, Denmark, was given a bye in the first round. Malaya defeated the USA 6–3 in a competitive match played in Glasgow. Of note, this tie marked the first of only three matches between the USAs Dave Freeman and Malayas Wong Peng Soon the two greatest singles players of the early post-war period. In the final held in Preston, England, Malaya beat Denmark 8–1
11.
1958 Thomas Cup
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The Thomas Cup competition is an international team tournament for supremacy in mens badminton. Beginning in 1948-1949 it was every three years until 1982 and has been held every two years thereafter. Nineteen teams contested for the Thomas Cup during the 1957-1958 season, as defending champion Malaya was exempt until the conclusive tie called the challenge round. For a more detailed description of the Thomas Cup format see Wikipedias general article on the Thomas Cup, winner of the previous two Asian zone competitions, India was decisively beaten 8–1 in the first round by a fast improving Thailand. Thailand went on to win the zone by shutting out Pakistan, in the Australasian zone, first time participant Indonesia served notice of international badmintons future by shutting out both New Zealand and Australia to advance to inter-zone play. Denmark again advanced easily through the European zone, the Danes now boasted newly crowned All-England singles champion Erland Kops along with Finn Kobbero, two exceptionally talented players, both in their early twenties. For the third time only United States and Canada contested in the Pan America zone. The all-Californian U. S. squad shut out a Canadian team whose best players in past meetings between the two were now either long in years or losing interest, showing strength and balance in singles and doubles, Thailand sent the USA home with a 7–2 defeat. More stunning, and ominous for Malaya, was newcomer Indonesias 6–3 victory over a highly rated Danish contingent, Erland Kops was beaten by both the internationally experienced Ferry Sonneville and by young sensation Tan Joe Hok. Even the powerful Danish doubles pairing of Finn Kobbero and Jorgen Hammergaard Hansen could earn only a split in two matches, Indonesia went on to comfortably defeat Thailand in the inter-zone final 8–1. Thailand managed to win one doubles, though all four of these went to three games. The challenge round played in the middle of June brought Malayas nine year Thomas Cup reign to an end, the three-time defending champions were unable to win any of the singles matches against Indonesia and eventually lost the tie 3–6. Choong was twice beaten routinely in straight games and was booed off the court by his countrymen, Malayas other top singles player, Teh Kew San, nearly broke through against Sonneville but finally went down 16-18 in the third. At least one of Malayas doubles wins appeared to be a gift after the outcome had been determined, Indonesias Tan Joe Hok went through the entire Thomas Cup campaign undefeated in singles. Tan would win the All-England singles title the year and for a time would be regarded as the best player in the world. For a much longer time Indonesia would be the country to beat in international team badminton, tangkis. tripod. com Mikes Badminton Populorum Our Badminton Greats Herbert Scheele ed. The International Badminton Federation Handbook for 1967 74–78, pat Davis, The Guinness Book of Badminton 121,122
12.
Uber Cup
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The Uber Cup, sometimes called the World Team Championships for Women, is a major international badminton competition contested by womens national badminton teams. The Uber Cup is named after a former British womens badminton player, Betty Uber and she also made the draw for the 1956–1957 inaugural tournament, which took place at Lytham St. Annes in Lancashire, England. The cup follows a format to that of the mens competition of the Thomas Cup. As of the 2016 tournament, China is the most successful team, Japan is second, having won it five times, followed by Indonesia and United States, each with three cups. The 2016 tournament was held in Kunshan, China, the Uber Cup trophy was officially presented at the annual general meeting in 1956, the year the first Uber Cup tournament was first held. It was made by Mappin & Webb, prominent silversmiths on Regent Street in London, the trophy is 20 inches high with a rotating globe on top of a plinth and a female player standing on top of a shuttlecock. So far, only 5 countries have won the Uber Cup with China the most successful team with 14 titles, followed by Japan, Indonesia, United States, the Uber Cup has only crossed the shores of two continents so far, Asia and North America. Eight teams have made it into the finals, the finalists other than 5 winner countries above are Denmark, England and the Netherlands. Sweden, Germany, Chinese Taipei, Thailand and India are the five teams which have made it into the final four. * = hosts As of 2016, twenty-FOUR teams were qualified in the history of the competition for the final stages of the Uber Cup. Asia is the continent with most teams at ten, followed by Europe with EIGHT, americas and Oceania have each had two teams that qualified while South Africa and Mauritius are the only team that has qualified from Africa. 2016 saw Spain, Bulgaria, and Mauritius debuted in the championship, below is the list of teams that have appeared in the final stage of Uber Cup as of the 2016 tournament
13.
Sudirman Cup
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The Sudirman Cup is the world mixed team badminton championship which takes place every two years. There are five matches in round, men and womens singles, men and womens doubles. The Cup is named after Dick Sudirman, a former Indonesian badminton player, the first Sudirman Cup tournament took place in Bung Karno Stadium, Central Jakarta, Indonesia on May 24 – May 29,1989. There is no money in Sudirman Cup, players play for their respective countries and to earn BWF world ranking points. The Sudirman Cup stands 80 cm high and it is made of 22 carat gold-plated solid silver and stands on an octagonal base made of jati wood. The body of the Cup is in the form of a shuttlecock and is surmounted by a replica of the Borobudur Temple, the handles are in the shape of stamens, symbolising the seeds of badminton. The Cup was made by Masterix Bandung Company at the price of US$15,000, the Sudirman Cup is an international competition that does not stage a qualification round. The competing teams are divided into 7 groups based on their performances, only teams in group 1 will have a chance to lift the trophy as the teams in other groups fight for promotion. The teams who finish last in the group will be relegated to the lower group, the promotion-relegation system was last used in 2009 and teams competing will now grouped by world rankings. Indonesia initially won the tournament in 1989, china is the most successful national team in the Sudirman Cup, followed by Korea and Indonesia. The Cup has never won by a non-Asian country, Denmark is the only European country that came close to winning it
14.
Badminton Europe
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Badminton Europe is the governing body of badminton in Europe. It is one of the five continental bodies under the flag of the Badminton World Federation and it now has 51 member associations. It was founded on 27 September 1967 in Frankfurt, Germany, on its annual meeting held on April 8,2006 the members decided to change the name from European Badminton Union, to Badminton Europe
15.
China at the Olympics
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That year, the International Olympic Committee allowed both the PRC and the Republic of China to compete, although the latter withdrew in protest. Due to the dispute over the status of China, the PRC did not participate in the Olympics again until the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid. Their first appearance at the Summer Olympic Games after 1952 was the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, the Chinese Olympic Committee in its current form was recognized in 1979. Before the Chinese Civil War, athletes competed as the Republic of China at the Olympics, the ROC continued to compete from 1952 to 1976, but only representing athletes from the island of Taiwan. The dispute over use of the name China resulted in the PRC boycotting the Games completely during these years. In 1979, the International Olympic Committee passed a resolution for the ROC team to be designated Chinese Taipei, Hong Kong has had a distinct National Olympic Committee since 1950 and has competed at the Games since 1952. The Peoples Republic of China has hosted the Games on one occasion, Beijing will be the first city to host both Summer and Winter Olympics. *Red border color indicates tournament was held on home soil, Chinese athletes have won medals in most of the current Summer Olympics sports. The exceptions are triathlon, equestrian, rugby and water polo, Chinese athletes have won medals in only 5 out of 15 current Winter Olympics sports. Most of the golds and half of the come from the sport of short track speed skating. After the establishment of the Peoples Republic of China in 1949, PRC sent a delegation to the Olympic Games for the first time at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki, Finland. The Chinese delegation consisted of 38 men and 2 women, including the football team, the mens basketball team. Only the swimmer arrived in time to part in the official competition. The Chinese stayed ten days in Helsinki and participated in the closing ceremony, the Republic of Chinas team withdrew from the Games on July 17 in response to the IOCs decision to allow both PRC and ROC sportsmen and women to compete. This marked the beginning of the two Chinas conflict in the Olympic Movement, which resulted in the Chinese Olympic Committees withdrawal from the IOC in August 1958. In the 1970s, China normalized her relations with the United States through Ping Pong Diplomacy, the normalization finally led to the Chinese Olympic Committees return to the IOC on October 25,1979. Just three months later, China participated in the 1980 Winter Olympics at Lake Placid, USA, China boycotted the 1980 Summer Olympics at Moscow, USSR. Since the 1984 Winter Olympics in Sarajevo, Yugoslavia, China has participated in all subsequent Summer Olympics, till 2012, China won three-quarters of all gold medals and two-thirds of all medals in six sports, table tennis, badminton, diving, gymnastics, weightlifting, and shooting
16.
Indonesia at the Olympics
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Indonesia has never participated in the Winter Olympic Games. The National Olympic Committee for Indonesia was created in 1946 and recognized in 1952, indonesian athletes have won a total of 30 medals, nineteen in badminton, ten in weightlifting and one in archery. Archers Lilies Handayani, Nurfitriyana Saiman & Kusuma Wardhani gained the republics first ever podium finish, future married couple Susi Susanti and Alan Budikusuma won the nations first 2 gold medals in the womens and mens singles events respectively at the 1992 Barcelona Olympics. Barcelona 1992 was also the only Games in which Indonesia won 2 gold medals, the last gold medalists were Lilyana Natsir and Tontowi Ahmad in the mixed doubles event of badminton at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Olympics
17.
South Korea at the Olympics
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Republic of Korea first participated at the Olympic Games in 1948, and has sent athletes to compete in every Summer Olympic Games since then, except for 1980 which they boycotted. South Korea has also participated in every Winter Olympic Games since 1948, the first Korean athletes to win medals did so at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, when Sohn Kee-chung and Nam Sung-yong won gold and bronze respectively in the mens marathon. However, as Korea was under Japanese rule at that time, South Korea won its first medals as an independent nation at its first appearance in 1948, and won its first gold medal in 1976. South Korean athletes have won a total of 264 medals at the Summer Games, with the most gold medals won in archery, and 53 medals at the Winter Games, a majority in short track speed skating. The nation has won medals in this winter sport than any other nation since it was introduced to the Olympic program in 1992. The National Olympic Committee for Korea is the Korean Olympic Committee, the Republic of Korea has hosted or will host the Games on two occasions. *Red border color indicates tournament was held on home soil, on 11 February 2014, Lee Sang-hwa won the gold medal for the womens 500m longtrack speedskating race at the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics, having previously won the one at the 2010 Games. She became the woman and first Korean woman to win back-to-back golds at the 500m. D, demonstration sports e, exhibition sports d, Demonstration sports Republic of Korea, category, Olympic competitors for South Korea South Korea at the Asian Games
18.
Denmark at the Olympics
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Denmark first participated at the Olympic Games at the inaugural 1896 Games, and has sent athletes to compete in every Summer Olympic Games since then, except for the sparsely attended 1904 Games. Denmark has also participated in the Winter Olympic Games several times since 1948, danish athletes have won a total of 179 medals, with sailing as the top medal-producing sport. Denmark has won only a single medal at the Winter Games, the National Olympic Committee for Denmark was created in 1905. According to official data of the International Olympic Committee and this is a list of people who have won one or more Olympic gold medals and three or more Olympic medals for Denmark. Medals won in the 1906 Intercalated Games are not included and it includes top-three placings in 1896 and 1900, before medals were awarded for top-three placings. Denmark has been successful at the Olympics in team sports like football, handball, in football Denmark has won four medals. Also team gymnastics has given Denmark four medals, in womens handball Denmark has won three gold medals. List of flag bearers for Denmark at the Olympics Category, Olympic competitors for Denmark Denmark at the Paralympics Denmark, National Olympic Committee and Sports Confederation of Denmark
19.
Japan at the Olympics
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Japan first participated at the Olympic Games in 1912, and has competed at almost every Games since then. The nation was not invited to the 1948 Games after World War II, Japan won its first medals in 1920, and its first gold medals in 1928. Japanese athletes have won 439 medals at the Summer Olympic Games, Japan has also won 45 medals at the Winter Olympic Games. The Japanese Olympic Committee was created in 1911 and recognized in 1912, Japan hosted the Games on three occasions, with a fourth occasion planned for 2020, *Red border color indicates tournament was held on home soil. Category, Olympic competitors for Japan Japan at the Paralympics Japan at the Asian Games Japan
20.
China
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China, officially the Peoples Republic of China, is a unitary sovereign state in East Asia and the worlds most populous country, with a population of over 1.381 billion. The state is governed by the Communist Party of China and its capital is Beijing, the countrys major urban areas include Shanghai, Guangzhou, Beijing, Chongqing, Shenzhen, Tianjin and Hong Kong. China is a power and a major regional power within Asia. Chinas landscape is vast and diverse, ranging from forest steppes, the Himalaya, Karakoram, Pamir and Tian Shan mountain ranges separate China from much of South and Central Asia. The Yangtze and Yellow Rivers, the third and sixth longest in the world, respectively, Chinas coastline along the Pacific Ocean is 14,500 kilometers long and is bounded by the Bohai, Yellow, East China and South China seas. China emerged as one of the worlds earliest civilizations in the basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain. For millennia, Chinas political system was based on hereditary monarchies known as dynasties, in 1912, the Republic of China replaced the last dynasty and ruled the Chinese mainland until 1949, when it was defeated by the communist Peoples Liberation Army in the Chinese Civil War. The Communist Party established the Peoples Republic of China in Beijing on 1 October 1949, both the ROC and PRC continue to claim to be the legitimate government of all China, though the latter has more recognition in the world and controls more territory. China had the largest economy in the world for much of the last two years, during which it has seen cycles of prosperity and decline. Since the introduction of reforms in 1978, China has become one of the worlds fastest-growing major economies. As of 2016, it is the worlds second-largest economy by nominal GDP, China is also the worlds largest exporter and second-largest importer of goods. China is a nuclear weapons state and has the worlds largest standing army. The PRC is a member of the United Nations, as it replaced the ROC as a permanent member of the U. N. Security Council in 1971. China is also a member of numerous formal and informal multilateral organizations, including the WTO, APEC, BRICS, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the BCIM, the English name China is first attested in Richard Edens 1555 translation of the 1516 journal of the Portuguese explorer Duarte Barbosa. The demonym, that is, the name for the people, Portuguese China is thought to derive from Persian Chīn, and perhaps ultimately from Sanskrit Cīna. Cīna was first used in early Hindu scripture, including the Mahābhārata, there are, however, other suggestions for the derivation of China. The official name of the state is the Peoples Republic of China. The shorter form is China Zhōngguó, from zhōng and guó and it was then applied to the area around Luoyi during the Eastern Zhou and then to Chinas Central Plain before being used as an occasional synonym for the state under the Qing
21.
South Korea
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South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea, is a sovereign state in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korean Peninsula. The earliest Korean pottery dates to 8000 BC, with three kingdoms flourishing in the 1st century BC and its rich and vibrant culture left 19 UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritages of Humanity, the third largest in the world, along with 12 World Heritage Sites. Annexed into Imperial Japan in 1910, Korea was divided after its surrender in 1945, peace has since mostly continued with the two agreeing to work peacefully for reunification and the South solidifying peace as a regional power with the worlds 10th largest defence budget. South Koreas tiger economy soared at an average of 10% for over 30 years in a period of rapid transformation called the Miracle on the Han River. A long legacy of openness and focus on innovation made it successful, today, it is the worlds fifth largest exporter with the G20s largest budget surplus and highest credit rating of any country in East Asia. It has free trade agreements with 75% of the economy and is the only G20 nation trading freely with China, the US. Since 1988, its constitution guarantees a liberal democracy with high government transparency, high personal freedoms led to the rise of a globally influential pop culture such as K-pop and K-drama, a phenomenon called the Korean Wave, known for its distinctive fashionable and trendy style. Home of the UN Green Climate Fund and GGGI, South Korea is a leader in low carbon growth, committed to helping developing countries as a major DAC. It is the third least ignorant country in the Index of Ignorance, ranking eighth highest for peaceful tolerance. It is the worlds largest spender on R&D per GDP, leading the OECD in graduates in science, the name Korea derives from the name Goryeo. The name Goryeo itself was first used by the ancient kingdom of Goguryeo in the 5th century as a form of its name. The 10th-century kingdom of Goryeo succeeded Goguryeo, and thus inherited its name, the modern spelling of Korea first appeared in the late 17th century in the travel writings of the Dutch East India Companys Hendrick Hamel. After Goryeo was replaced by Joseon in 1392, Joseon became the name for the entire territory. The new official name has its origin in the ancient country of Gojoseon, in 1897, the Joseon dynasty changed the official name of the country from Joseon to Daehan Jeguk. The name Daehan, which means great Han literally, derives from Samhan, however, the name Joseon was still widely used by Koreans to refer to their country, though it was no longer the official name. Under Japanese rule, the two names Han and Joseon coexisted, there were several groups who fought for independence, the most notable being the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea. Following the surrender of Japan, in 1945, the Republic of Korea was adopted as the name for the new country. Since the government only controlled the part of the Korean Peninsula
22.
Denmark
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The term Danish Realm refers to the relationship between Denmark proper, the Faroe Islands and Greenland—three countries constituting the Kingdom of Denmark. The legal nature of the Kingdom of Denmark is fundamentally one of a sovereign state. The Faroe Islands and Greenland have been part of the Crown of Denmark since 1397 when the Kalmar Union was ratified, legal matters in The Danish Realm are subject to the Danish Constitution. Beginning in 1953, state law issues within The Danish Realm has been governed by The Unity of the Realm, a less formal name for The Unity of the Realm is the Commonwealth of the Realm. In 1978, The Unity of The Realm was for the first time referred to as rigsfællesskabet. The name caught on and since the 1990s, both The Unity of The Realm and The Danish Realm itself has increasingly been referred to as simply rigsfællesskabet in daily parlance. The Danish Constitution stipulates that the foreign and security interests for all parts of the Danish Realm are the responsibility of the Danish government, the Faroes received home rule in 1948 and Greenland did so in 1979. In 2005, the Faroes received a self-government arrangement, and in 2009 Greenland received self rule, the Danish Realms unique state of internal affairs is acted out in the principle of The Unity of the Realm. This principle is derived from Article 1 of the Danish Constitution which specifies that constitutional law applies equally to all areas of the Danish Realm, the Constitutional Act specifies that sovereignty is to continue to be exclusively with the authorities of the Realm. The language of Denmark is Danish, and the Danish state authorities are based in Denmark, the Kingdom of Denmarks parliament, with its 179 members, is located in the capital, Copenhagen. Two of the members are elected in each of Greenland and the Faroe Islands. The Government ministries are located in Copenhagen, as is the highest court, in principle, the Danish Realm constitutes a unified sovereign state, with equal status between its constituent parts. Devolution differs from federalism in that the powers of the subnational authority ultimately reside in central government. The Self-Government Arrangements devolves political competence and responsibility from the Danish political authorities to the Faroese, the Faroese and Greenlandic authorities administer the tasks taken over from the state, enact legislation in these specific fields and have the economic responsibility for solving these tasks. The Danish government provides a grant to the Faroese and the Greenlandic authorities to cover the costs of these devolved areas. The 1948 Home Rule Act of the Faroe Islands sets out the terms of Faroese home rule, the Act states. the Faroe Islands shall constitute a self-governing community within the State of Denmark. It establishes the government of the Faroe Islands and the Faroese parliament. The Faroe Islands were previously administered as a Danish county, the Home Rule Act abolished the post of Amtmand and these powers were expanded in a 2005 Act, which named the Faroese home government as an equal partner with the Danish government
23.
England
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England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west, the Irish Sea lies northwest of England and the Celtic Sea lies to the southwest. England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east, the country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain in its centre and south, and includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly, and the Isle of Wight. England became a state in the 10th century, and since the Age of Discovery. The Industrial Revolution began in 18th-century England, transforming its society into the worlds first industrialised nation, Englands terrain mostly comprises low hills and plains, especially in central and southern England. However, there are uplands in the north and in the southwest, the capital is London, which is the largest metropolitan area in both the United Kingdom and the European Union. In 1801, Great Britain was united with the Kingdom of Ireland through another Act of Union to become the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. In 1922 the Irish Free State seceded from the United Kingdom, leading to the latter being renamed the United Kingdom of Great Britain, the name England is derived from the Old English name Englaland, which means land of the Angles. The Angles were one of the Germanic tribes that settled in Great Britain during the Early Middle Ages, the Angles came from the Angeln peninsula in the Bay of Kiel area of the Baltic Sea. The earliest recorded use of the term, as Engla londe, is in the ninth century translation into Old English of Bedes Ecclesiastical History of the English People. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, its spelling was first used in 1538. The earliest attested reference to the Angles occurs in the 1st-century work by Tacitus, Germania, the etymology of the tribal name itself is disputed by scholars, it has been suggested that it derives from the shape of the Angeln peninsula, an angular shape. An alternative name for England is Albion, the name Albion originally referred to the entire island of Great Britain. The nominally earliest record of the name appears in the Aristotelian Corpus, specifically the 4th century BC De Mundo, in it are two very large islands called Britannia, these are Albion and Ierne. But modern scholarly consensus ascribes De Mundo not to Aristotle but to Pseudo-Aristotle, the word Albion or insula Albionum has two possible origins. Albion is now applied to England in a poetic capacity. Another romantic name for England is Loegria, related to the Welsh word for England, Lloegr, the earliest known evidence of human presence in the area now known as England was that of Homo antecessor, dating to approximately 780,000 years ago. The oldest proto-human bones discovered in England date from 500,000 years ago, Modern humans are known to have inhabited the area during the Upper Paleolithic period, though permanent settlements were only established within the last 6,000 years
24.
1961 Thomas Cup
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The Thomas Cup competition is an international team tournament for supremacy in mens badminton. Beginning in 1948-1949 it was every three years until 1982 and thereafter every two years. Nineteen teams, eighteen of them starting from four regional qualifying zones, Asia, Australasia, Europe, zone winners then played-off in Jakarta, Indonesia for the right to face defending champion Indonesia, in a conclusive challenge round. For a more detailed description of the Thomas Cup format, see Wikipedias general article on the Thomas Cup. Despite missing its best known player, Charoen Wattanasin, Thailand again prevailed in the Asian zone by beating, consecutively, India. No player on Thailands team was more than twenty-four years old, for the second straight time Japan defaulted an Australasian zone tie, this time allowing Australia, led by Kenneth Turner, to advance to the inter-zone phase after its 8–1 victory over New Zealand. Star-studded Denmark coasted through three ties in the European zone, shutting out its usual victim England in the zone final, the same two-way American zone race ended as before with the United States beating Canada 7–2. Evergreen Joe Alston and Wynn Rogers still led the way in doubles for the USA which also had a small, the Danes contest against Thailand fully demonstrated this weakness. A team entirely composed of either past, present, or future All-England champions was decisively beaten by a team composed of players who would never win that individual honor. Erland Kops and Finn Kobbero defeated the Thai number two Somsook Boonyasukhanonda comfortably, but both were beaten by young Channarong Ratanaseangsuang, most shockingly, the famous doubles team of Kobbero and Hammergaard Hansen was beaten by both Thai pairs who swept all four doubles matches. Thus Thailand completed its run to the round with an impressive 7–2 victory over Denmark. The task of beating a strong Indonesian team in Jakartas Senayan Stadiam was possibly rendered even more difficult for Thailand when neutral officials, as they had done three years earlier in Singapore, the Indonesians swept all five singles matches. Ratanaseangsuang was unable to produce the consistency he had displayed against Kops and Kobbero and lost tamely to Indonesias Tan Joe Hok, Boonyasukhanonda was simply not in the class of the two Indonesians, whose careers would be hallmarked by their Thomas Cup brilliance. The Thai doubles pairs played quite well, particularly the team of Narong Bhornchima, doubles victories were not enough, however, as Indonesia retained the Cup 6–3. Tangkis. tripod. com Mikes Badminton Populorum Herbert Scheele, The International Badminton Federation Handbook for 196782, pat Davis, The Guinness Book of Badminton
25.
1964 Thomas Cup
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The Thomas Cup competition is an international team tournament for supremacy in mens badminton. Beginning in 1948-1949 it was every three years until 1982 and thereafter it has been held every two years. Twenty-six national teams, each starting from one of four qualifying zones, qualifying zone winners played-off in Tokyo, Japan for the right to face defending champion Indonesia, which was exempt from earlier ties, in a conclusive challenge round tie. For a more detailed description of the Thomas Cup format see Wikipedias general article on the Thomas Cup. With Malaya and India competing in the Australasian zone, and Japan competing in the Pan American zone, Thailand, in the Australasian zone a rebuilding Malaya, with no hold-overs from its champion teams of the 1950s, defeated India and Australia to advance to the inter-zone playoffs. All-rounder Teh Kew San went eight for eight in this set of ties, previously the domain of only the USA and Canada, the Pan American zone welcomed Jamaica, Mexico, and outsider Japan. The Japanese, however, proved their mettle by shutting out Mexico, in the zone final against the USA, which had won all previous Pan American zone qualifications, Japan prevailed 7–2, despite two singles victories by American stalwart Jim Poole. Playing doubles and third singles, Japans team captain, Eiichi Nagai won all of his nine matches in this series of ties, Denmark again won the European zone handily, brushing aside England 8–1 in the final. With the final scheduled for temperate Tokyo rather than equatorial and partisan Jakarta. 5 teams from 4 regions took part in this edition, as defending champion, Indonesia was exempt until the Challenge Round. Even third string singles matches often pitted true world class opponents against each other, with more difficulty than might have been expected, Thailand eliminated the host countrys team 6–3. Ratanaseangsuang and Wattanasin won hard fought matches, but the vaunted Thai doubles teams could earn only a split with their equally quick. Yoshinori Itagaki had a hand in two winning matches for Japan, in the other semifinal Denmarks powerful singles lineup shutout Malayas, though individual matches were competitive. Eighteen-year-old Tan Aik Huang served notice of future achievement by earning points from Erland Kops. Denmark advanced 7–2 with Malayas wins coming against the Danish second string doubles, the inter-zone final between Denmark and Thailand was a fierce struggle featuring five three game matches. Denmark won four of the five to avenge its 1961 defeat, kobbero and Hammergaard Hansen got even with the same pairs that had defeated them in 61. Kops won three singles matches against both Ratanaseangsuang and Wattanasin. As had happened against Malaya, however, he lost both of his doubles matches paired with P. E. Nielsen and this strategy was not altered, however, for the decisive Challenge Round against Indonesia
26.
1967 Thomas Cup
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The 1967 Thomas Cup was the seventh tournament of Thomas Cup, the most important mens badminton team competition in the world. The inter-zone matches and Challenge Round finale were held in Jakarta, Malaysia won its fourth title after beating Indonesia in the Challenge Round under unusual circumstances. With Malaysia leading Indonesia 4 matches to 3 in the best of nine series and this contest was noteworthy for other reasons as well, the old met the new. Indonesias Rudy Hartono, not yet 18, burst onto the scene as did other new stars such as Denmarks Svend Andersen and it was the last Thomas Cup, and a sad exit, for Hartonos teammate Ferry Sonneville who was more than twice Hartonos age. It was also the last time Erland Kops played in the matches and the last inter-zone appearance for other veterans such as Malaysias Teh Kew San. The competition initially involved 23 nations, though two of these, East Germany and Thailand declined to play their opening ties, a powerful Malaysian team coasted through the Asian zone by beating India and then Pakistan, both with the loss of one match. The European zone provided the largest number of closely fought ties, in one zone semifinal Sweden nearly upset perennial zone winner Denmark, losing the last two matches to go down 4 matches to 5. South Africa upset England 6 to 3 in the other semifinal, in the final of the American zone the USA narrowly defeated Canada 5 to 4. Japan easily defeated New Zealand and Australia in the Australasian zone to reserve its place in the inter-zone competition,5 teams from 4 regions took part in the Inter-Zone ties. As defending champion, Indonesia skipped the Final Round and played directly in the Challenge Round, Australasian Zone Japan Indonesia Asian Zone Malaysia European Zone Denmark Panamerican Zone United States The first inter-zone tie in Jakarta pitted Denmark against Malaysia. With wins by Kops in singles and Andersen and Per Walsoe in doubles, on the second night, however, a familiar pattern recurred for the tropically-challenged Danes as they wilted in the heat to drop all five matches. The inter-zone final between Malaysia and Japan was less suspenseful than the 6–3 final score might indicate, though two of the first five matches were very close Malaysia won all five to clinch the contest early. It was the last actual challenge round since a subsequent rules change would end the defending champions privilege of having only to defend the Cup against a single challenger, thus veteran doubles player Tan King Gwan became Darmawan Supatera and Ang Tjin Siang became Muljadi. It was the first Thomas Cup appearance of Indonesias badminton wunderkind Rudy Hartono and it was the last appearance for Indonesias past Thomas Cup hero Ferry Sonneville. For reasons unclear, he was pressed into service in one of the top two singles ahead of younger men who were by then almost certainly stronger players than the 36-year-old Sonneville. Most notably, it was the first and thus far the last final tie of Thomas Cup not to determine a champion on the court, the first days play ended with a 3–1 advantage to Malaysia. With relentless attacking play Hartono stunned Tan Aik Huang 15-6, 15-8, on the second night Tan Aik Huang routed Sonneville to bring Malaysia to the verge of victory. At this point, however, young Hartono comfortably beat Yew Cheng Hoe to keep Indonesias chances alive, then Muljadi pulled away in the second game after winning a close first to beat Malaysian veteran Teh Kew San at third singles
27.
1970 Thomas Cup
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The 1970 Thomas Cup was the eighth tournament of Thomas Cup, the most important mens badminton team competition in the world. The final set of ties were held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Indonesia won its fourth title after beating Malaysia in the Final Round. 25 teams took part in the competition,3 of them in the Australasian Zone,8 in the Asian Zone,9 in the European Zone and 5 in the Pan American Zone. As defending champion, Malaysia received a bye through the qualifications and the first round of Inter-zone ties. New Zealand, led by the Purser brothers, Richard and Bryan, won the Australasian Zone for the first time by beating Australia, Denmark again prevailed in the European Zone. Its closest tie came in the semifinal against England which the Danes won six matches to three, thanks largely to Svend Pris three victories. Three wins by Jamie Paulson were also instrumental in Canadas first ever victory over the USA in the Pan American zone, the greatest drama came in the Asian Zone which contained several of the strongest teams in the entire competition. Indonesia, fighting to regain the cup that it had relinquished in 1967 and it then became embroiled in yet another highly controversial tie, but this time one in which Indonesia, rather than its opponent nation, claimed to be the victim of partisanship. Facing Thailand in Bangkok, up three matches to two, Indonesia removed its player from the court during the first game of the sixth match, when Thailand refused to comply, Indonesia was awarded the match. In the zone final Indonesia faced a Japanese team which boasted one of the strongest lineups of singles players in the tournament, Indonesia finally prevailed, largely because of Rudy Hartonos four victories. Prior to the 1969-1970 Thomas Cup series the champion nation had been exempt from earlier play, needing only to defeat a challenger in a single. Beginning with this series, however, the champion received a bye only to an inter-zone semifinal tie, needing to win this contest. Malaysia, defending its title at home in Kuala Lumpur, drew a Danish team which was missing two of its leading regulars, the veteran Erland Kops, highly critical of the IBFs decision to sustain Indonesias protest against Thailand, declined to play in further Thomas Cup contests. For reasons less clear, Denmarks top singles player Svend Pri was also unavailable, nevertheless, Malaysia had great difficulty against a group of opponents who seemed to be less affected by the tropical heat and humidity than previous Danish squads had been. Malaysia managed to scrape home 5–4 by taking three of the four matches and both singles against the Danish number two. Gunalan atoned for his loss to Hansen by decisively winning his singles and doubles. In the other half of the draw, Indonesia, having survived the Asian zone qualification. It beat New Zealand without the loss of a match or a game, in eight singles games against Rudy Hartono and Muljadi, Canadas Jamie Paulson and Wayne Macdonnell could aggregate only 21 points
28.
1973 Thomas Cup
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The 1973 Thomas Cup was the ninth edition of the Thomas Cup, the world championship of mens international team badminton. The final set of ties involving regional zone winners and the champion nation were held in Jakarta, Indonesia in late May. Beginning in 1948-1949 the tournament was held three years until 1982 and has been held every two years thereafter. For more details on the format of Thomas Cup competition see Wikipedias general article on the Thomas Cup, Indonesia won its fifth title after beating Denmark in the Final Round. 23 teams from 4 regions took part in the competition, as defending champion, Indonesia skipped the qualifications and the first round of inter-zone competition, and played directly in the second round. Early ties in the 1972-1973 Thomas Cup series were marked by a number of close contests. One such instance occurred in the Australasian zone final between India and New Zealand, here Asif Parpia and seventeen-year-old prodigy Prakash Padukone edged their doubles opponents 15-12 in the third game to put India into the inter-zone playoffs for the first time since 1955. In the Pan American zone a young Mexican team parlayed wins by their top two players, Roy Diaz Gonzalez and Victor Jaramillo Luque, with an upset win in doubles to defeat the USA 5–4. It thus overcame an estimable effort from 41-year-old Jim Poole who won all three of his matches, including his final Thomas Cup appearance in singles. In the zone final, however, Mexico was beaten 6–3 by a well seasoned Canadian team which included ex-Thai stars Channarong Ratanaseangsuang and Raphi Kanchanaraphi, elsewhere in Europe a Scottish team that included Bob McCoig playing in his sixth Thomas Cup series gave Sweden unexpected difficulty but succumbed 4–5. The tendency toward close contests, however, did not extend to perennial European power Denmark which beat West Germany 7–2, young Flemming Delfs made his Thomas Cup debut in these ties by handily winning his three singles matches. The greatest drama at the highest level of play in the qualifying ties, in the first of these Malaysia and Japan alternated tight victories in perhaps the longest and closest tie in Thomas Cup history. If Malaysia had snatched victory from the jaws of defeat against Japan, however, it proceeded to snatch defeat from the jaws of victory against its next opponent, Thailand. Up three matches to none, Malaysias undoing began when Tan Aik Huang, who had played an earlier singles, though Aik Huang played the next day he lost both of his matches, and Gunalans win at third singles was offset by Tan Aik Mongs singles loss. The two Thais had also played singles and emerged as the heroes of an upset victory, conversely, it was a sad Thomas Cup exit for three of Malaysias greats, Ng Boon Bee, Tan Aik Huang, and Punch Gunalan. The first tie of the playoffs in Jakarta pitting Canada against India was another rousing 5–4 battle featuring numerous close matches. A few days shy of his birthday, Indias Prakash Padukone showed signs of future greatness by defeating both Jamie Paulson and Bruce Rollick in titanic three game struggles. Paulson, however, won his singles and both of his doubles with the ebullient Yves Pare
29.
1979 Thomas Cup
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The 1979 Thomas Cup was the 11th edition of the Thomas Cup competition, the world championship of mens international team badminton. The final rounds contested by qualifying zone winners and defending champion Indonesia were held in Jakarta, Indonesia in late May, first played in 1948-1949, the Thomas Cup competition was held every three years until 1982, and since then has been held every two years. Indonesia won its title after beating Denmark in the final round. 21 teams from 4 regions took part in the competition, as defending champion, Indonesia skipped the Qualifications and the first round, and played directly in the second round of the Inter-Zone Ties. Political disputes played a significant role in the 1978–1979 Thomas Cup series, in 1978 the PRC took the step of fostering a rival international badminton organization and running its own version of a world championship in 1979. Competing in the Australasian zone for the first time since the 1966-1967 series, Japan encountered strong opposition from host New Zealand and it was Richard Pursers sixth Thomas Cup campaign for the Kiwis. The Japanese then went on to shut out Australia in the zone final, the Asian zone all but disappeared in the political upheaval, as four national teams, including traditionally strong Thailand, either withdrew or were scratched from the competition. This left only India to visit Malaysia in a replay of their 1976 tie and those young Malaysians had gone on to reach the tournament final but none had since developed into true world-class stars. Thus India, on the strength of three wins by Prakash Padukone, was able to avenge its 1976 loss in another close contest. In the European Zone, England could not take advantage of a performance by Ray Stevens. The Swedes, however, were beaten in the final for the consecutive time by Denmark 2–7. It was the last of five occasions in which Denmarks Svend Pri and Swedens Sture Johnsson played on opposite sides of a Thomas Cup tie, young Morten Frost for Denmark and Thomas Kihlstrom for Sweden were the leading performers in the contest. The fallout over these developments reached into the Pan American zone of Thomas Cup which Taiwan had entered, drawing Mexico, Taiwan agreed to drop out of the competition when the Mexican Association protested against its entry. Mexico then defaulted the final to Canada which, effectively. In nine Thomas Cup meetings between Canada and the United States it was the first time in which no player over 30 participated in the tie, the inter-zone ties were hosted by defending champion Indonesia at Jakarta in late May and early June. Contesting in an tie for the right to play Indonesia in the semifinals, Japan decisively defeated Canada 8–1. The first semifinal tie pitted Denmark against India in what might have expected to have been a very close encounter. Typically talented, Danish squads had also, typically, struggled in the tropical heat and this time, however, Denmark came through in the uncongenial climate 7–2, the pivotal match probably being wily veteran Svend Pris inspiring victory over the much younger Prakash Padukone
30.
1982 Thomas Cup
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The 1982 Thomas Cup was the 12th tournament of Thomas Cup, the most important mens badminton team competition in the world. The final round was held in London, England, china won its first title after beating Indonesia in the final round. 26 teams from 4 regions took part in the competition, as defending champion, Indonesia skipped the Qualifications and the first round, and played directly in the second round at the Inter-Zone Ties. The Inter-Zone Ties were played between May 10 and May 21,1982, in England
31.
1988 Thomas & Uber Cup
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The 1988 Thomas Cup & Uber Cup was the 15th tournament of Thomas Cup and the 12th tournament of Uber Cup, the most important badminton team competitions in the world. China won its title in the Thomas Cup and in the Uber Cup, after beating in the final round Malaysia and Korea. 35 teams took part in the competition, china, as defending champion, and Malaysia, as host team, skipped the Qualifications and played directly at the Final Stage. 31 teams took part in the competition, and eight teams qualified for the Final Stage, smash,1988 Thomas Cup - Final Round
32.
1996 Thomas & Uber Cup
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The 1996 Thomas & Uber Cup was the 19th tournament of the Thomas Cup, and the 16th tournament of the Uber Cup, which are the major international team competitions in world badminton. The 1996 Thomas Cup press conference was held in Bank Rakyat Indonesias building in Sentra BRI complex in Sudirman, the press conference is led by Putera Sampoerna, the chairman of PT HM Sampoerna Tbk, manufacturer of A Mild, the 5th Indonesian largest cigarette brand. A Mild also as the sponsor of the 1996 TUC. The opening and closing ceremony of the 1996 TUC also led by Putera Sampoerna, Indonesias Thomas & Uber Cup Squads unite the title champion in Thomas Cup and Uber Cup. 56 teams took part in the competition, and eight teams qualified for the Final Stage, including Indonesia, as defending champion,47 teams took part in the competition, and eight teams qualified for the Final Stage. Smash,1996 Thomas Cup - Final Round Smash,1996 Uber Cup - Final Round Mikes Badminton Populorum - Uber Cup Mikes Badminton Populorum - Thomas Cup
China
Denmark
South Korea
Indonesia
Japan
Malaysia
India
China (CHN)
Indonesia (INA)
South Korea (KOR)
Denmark (DEN)
Japan (JPN)
England
Malaysia (MAS)
Thailand
Hong Kong
Australian Open
Brunei Open
Canada Open
Chinese Taipei Open
Dutch Open
French Open
German Open
Macau Open
New Zealand Open
Philippines Open
Russian Open
Singapore Open
Swedish Open
Swiss Open
U.S. Open
Vietnam Open