Iron-hulled sailing ships represented the final evolution of sailing ships at the end of the age of sail. They were built to carry bulk cargo for long distances in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. They were the largest of merchant sailing ships, with three to five masts and square sails, as well as other sail plans. They carried lumber, guano, grain or ore between continents. Later examples had steel hulls. They are sometimes referred to as "windjammers" or "tall ships". Several survive, variously operating as school ships, museum ships, restaurant ships, and cruise ships.
Four-masted, iron-hulled barque Herzogin Cecilie
Diagram of rigging and sails on a full-rigged ship, ca. 1905
Crew of the ship Garthsnaid at sea, ca. 1920, securing a section of the foresail.
The largest sailing ship to survive, the four-masted barque Moshulu at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
Åland is an autonomous and demilitarised region of Finland. Receiving its autonomy by a 1920 decision of the League of Nations, it is the smallest region of Finland by both area (1,580 km2) and population (30,129), constituting 0.51% of Finland's land area and 0.54% of its population. Its only official language is Swedish and the capital city is Mariehamn.
The Åland Islands during the Crimean War. It was here that the Battle of Bomarsund was fought.
Swedish artillerymen in Haraldsby during the Invasion of Åland in 1918.
Åland Islands status shown in public signage, Mariehamn
The Parliament of Åland with the flags of the European Union, Åland, Finland, Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Poland, Germany, Estonia, Russia, Lithuania, and Latvia.