Jack pine
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Jack pine, also known as grey pine or scrub pine, is a species of North American pine.
Pinus banksiana
P. banksiana forest with Vaccinium groundcover in Neil's Harbour, Nova Scotia
Foliage
Closed, mature cones
Serotiny
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Serotiny in botany simply means 'following' or 'later'.
Jack pine
…mature trees and opens the cones, reseeding the burnt ground. Other populations have not been shaped by regular stand-replacing fires and have reduced serotiny. A population on the Maine coast is apparently not reliant on fire for reproduction, and some stands have developed several age classes. Populations…
Fire has caused minimal damage to this Banksia serrata (saw banksia) fruiting structure, but has triggered the opening of the follicles and the release of seed.
Pitch pine cones open when exposed to fire. Left: before; centre: immediately after; right: 24 hours later