Jacob de Bie, known in France also as Jacques de Bie was a Flemish engraver, publisher and numismatist who worked in Antwerp, Brussels, Paris and Arnhem. As a reproductive artist he made engravings after designs of other artists of his generation. He was engaged in numismatic collecting and categorisation and was an official at the mint in Brussels. He is now mainly known for his publication of portraits of French kings.

Cesare Ripa was an Italian iconographer who worked for Cardinal Anton Maria Salviati as a cook and butler.