Jamal al-Din bin al-Qasimi was a Syrian Islamic scholar and one of the leading figures of the Salafi movement in late Ottoman Syria. His writings covered hadith, tafsir, fiqh and ethics. He is regarde
Portrait of Abdul Hamid II
Muḥammad ʿAbduh was an Egyptian Islamic scholar, judge, and Grand Mufti of Egypt. He was a central figure of the Arab Nahḍa and Islamic Modernism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
An early photo of Muḥammad ʿAbduh
Muḥammad ʿAbduh's meeting with members of the executive committee of Tunisian educational institute Khaldounia in 1903
Muḥammad ʿAbduh during his last days
Tewfik Pasha (1852–1892), the Ottoman Khedive of Egypt and Sudan between 1879 and 1892