James Coutts Crawford was an officer in the Royal Navy who served during the American War of Independence and the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars.
The Defeat of the Floating Batteries at Gibraltar, September 1782, by John Singleton Copley. Depicting the September assault, which Crawford served throughout.
Batavia, on the island of Java, target of the British force in mid-1811
James Coutts Crawford, a naval officer like his father, and later a prominent citizen of New Zealand
The Invasion of Java in 1811 was a successful British amphibious operation against the Dutch East Indian island of Java that took place between August and September 1811 during the Napoleonic Wars. Originally established as a colony of the Dutch Republic, Java remained in Dutch hands throughout the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, during which time the French invaded the Republic and established the Batavian Republic in 1795, and the Kingdom of Holland in 1806. The Kingdom of Holland was annexed to the First French Empire in 1810, and Java became a titular French colony, though it continued to be administered and defended primarily by Dutch personnel.
British Army landing at Cilincing, Java.
Batavia, capital of Dutch East Indies, with citadel in the background.
Captain Robert Maunsell capturing French Gunboats off the mouth of the Indramayo, July 1811
Diagram of Fort Cornelis, Batavia.
