James Francis Moriarty is a United States diplomat and career foreign service officer with the rank of Minister-Counselor. He was the U.S. Ambassador to Nepal (2004–2007) and the U.S. Ambassador to Bangladesh (2008–2011). From 2016 to 2023, he was Chairman of the American Institute in Taiwan.

The American Institute in Taiwan is a de facto embassy of the United States of America in Taiwan. AIT is a wholly owned subsidiary of the federal government of the United States in Taiwan with Congressional oversight. The AIT was officially created as a U.S. government-sponsored nonprofit, private corporation established under the auspices of the U.S. government to serve its interests in Taiwan.