Januarius Aloysius MacGahan was an American journalist and war correspondent working for the New York Herald and the London Daily News. His articles describing the massacre of Bulgarian civilians by Turkish soldiers and irregular volunteers in 1876 created public outrage in Europe, and were a major factor in preventing Britain from supporting Turkey in the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78, which led to Bulgaria gaining independence from the Ottoman Empire.
MacGahan's grave, identifying him as the "Liberator of Bulgaria". New Lexington Cemetery, in his hometown of New Lexington, Ohio
A monument of Januarius MacGahan in Elena, Bulgaria
A granite boulder with commemorative plaque in honor of Januarius MacGahan in Panagyurishte. The plaque reads: To the Memory of the Prominent American Humanist, Selfless Journalist and Friend of the Bulgarian People Januarius Aloysius MacGahan (1844-1878), from the Fellow Countrymen-Volunteers in the Peace Corps, 2002. (42°30.316′N 24°11.258′E / 42.505267°N 24.187633°E / 42.505267; 24.187633)
Sir Edwin Pears was a British barrister, author and historian. He lived in Constantinople for about forty years and he is known for his 1911 book Turkey and its People.