1.
Paris
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Paris is the capital and most populous city of France. It has an area of 105 square kilometres and a population of 2,229,621 in 2013 within its administrative limits, the agglomeration has grown well beyond the citys administrative limits. By the 17th century, Paris was one of Europes major centres of finance, commerce, fashion, science, and the arts, and it retains that position still today. The aire urbaine de Paris, a measure of area, spans most of the Île-de-France region and has a population of 12,405,426. It is therefore the second largest metropolitan area in the European Union after London, the Metropole of Grand Paris was created in 2016, combining the commune and its nearest suburbs into a single area for economic and environmental co-operation. Grand Paris covers 814 square kilometres and has a population of 7 million persons, the Paris Region had a GDP of €624 billion in 2012, accounting for 30.0 percent of the GDP of France and ranking it as one of the wealthiest regions in Europe. The city is also a rail, highway, and air-transport hub served by two international airports, Paris-Charles de Gaulle and Paris-Orly. Opened in 1900, the subway system, the Paris Métro. It is the second busiest metro system in Europe after Moscow Metro, notably, Paris Gare du Nord is the busiest railway station in the world outside of Japan, with 262 millions passengers in 2015. In 2015, Paris received 22.2 million visitors, making it one of the top tourist destinations. The association football club Paris Saint-Germain and the rugby union club Stade Français are based in Paris, the 80, 000-seat Stade de France, built for the 1998 FIFA World Cup, is located just north of Paris in the neighbouring commune of Saint-Denis. Paris hosts the annual French Open Grand Slam tennis tournament on the red clay of Roland Garros, Paris hosted the 1900 and 1924 Summer Olympics and is bidding to host the 2024 Summer Olympics. The name Paris is derived from its inhabitants, the Celtic Parisii tribe. Thus, though written the same, the name is not related to the Paris of Greek mythology. In the 1860s, the boulevards and streets of Paris were illuminated by 56,000 gas lamps, since the late 19th century, Paris has also been known as Panam in French slang. Inhabitants are known in English as Parisians and in French as Parisiens and they are also pejoratively called Parigots. The Parisii, a sub-tribe of the Celtic Senones, inhabited the Paris area from around the middle of the 3rd century BC. One of the areas major north-south trade routes crossed the Seine on the île de la Cité, this place of land and water trade routes gradually became a town
2.
Rock music
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It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, itself heavily influenced by blues, rhythm and blues and country music. Rock music also drew strongly on a number of genres such as electric blues and folk. Musically, rock has centered on the guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass guitar. Typically, rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature using a verse-chorus form, like pop music, lyrics often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes that are frequently social or political in emphasis. Punk was an influence into the 1980s on the subsequent development of subgenres, including new wave, post-punk. From the 1990s alternative rock began to rock music and break through into the mainstream in the form of grunge, Britpop. Similarly, 1970s punk culture spawned the visually distinctive goth and emo subcultures and this trio of instruments has often been complemented by the inclusion of other instruments, particularly keyboards such as the piano, Hammond organ and synthesizers. The basic rock instrumentation was adapted from the blues band instrumentation. A group of musicians performing rock music is termed a rock band or rock group, Rock music is traditionally built on a foundation of simple unsyncopated rhythms in a 4/4 meter, with a repetitive snare drum back beat on beats two and four. Melodies are often derived from older musical modes, including the Dorian and Mixolydian, harmonies range from the common triad to parallel fourths and fifths and dissonant harmonic progressions. Critics have stressed the eclecticism and stylistic diversity of rock, because of its complex history and tendency to borrow from other musical and cultural forms, it has been argued that it is impossible to bind rock music to a rigidly delineated musical definition. These themes were inherited from a variety of sources, including the Tin Pan Alley pop tradition, folk music and rhythm, as a result, it has been seen as articulating the concerns of this group in both style and lyrics. Christgau, writing in 1972, said in spite of some exceptions, rock and roll usually implies an identification of male sexuality, according to Simon Frith rock was something more than pop, something more than rock and roll. Rock musicians combined an emphasis on skill and technique with the concept of art as artistic expression, original. The foundations of music are in rock and roll, which originated in the United States during the late 1940s and early 1950s. Its immediate origins lay in a melding of various musical genres of the time, including rhythm and blues and gospel music, with country. In 1951, Cleveland, Ohio disc jockey Alan Freed began playing rhythm and blues music for a multi-racial audience, debate surrounds which record should be considered the first rock and roll record. Other artists with rock and roll hits included Chuck Berry, Bo Diddley, Fats Domino, Little Richard, Jerry Lee Lewis
3.
Progressive rock
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Progressive rock is a broad subgenre of rock music that developed in the United Kingdom and United States throughout the mid to late 1960s. Prog is based on fusions of styles, approaches and genres, Prog saw a high level of popularity in the early-to-mid 1970s, but faded soon after. Conventional wisdom holds that the rise of rock caused this. Music critics, who labelled the concepts as pretentious and the sounds as pompous and overblown. Early groups who exhibited progressive features are described as proto-prog. In 1967, progressive rock constituted a diversity of loosely associated style codes, the Canterbury scene, originating in the late 1960s, denoted a subset of prog bands who emphasised the use of wind instruments, complex chord changes and long improvisations. Rock in Opposition, from the late 1970s, was more avant-garde, in the 1980s, a new subgenre, neo-progressive rock, enjoyed some commercial success, although it was also accused of being derivative and lacking in innovation. Post-progressive draws upon newer developments in music and the avant-garde since the mid 1970s. The term progressive rock is synonymous with art rock, classical rock, historically, art rock has been used to describe at least two related, but distinct, types of rock music. Similarities between the two terms are that they describe a mostly British attempt to elevate rock music to new levels of artistic credibility. However, art rock is likely to have experimental or avant-garde influences. Prog was devised in the 1990s as a term, but later became a transferable adjective. Although a unidirectional English progressive style emerged in the late 1960s, by 1967, critics of the genre often limit its scope to a stereotype of long solos, overlong albums, fantasy lyrics, grandiose stage sets and costumes, and an obsessive dedication to technical skill. Author Kevin Holm-Hudson believes that rock is a style far more diverse than what is heard from its mainstream groups. They each do so largely unconsciously, academic John S. Cotner contests Macans view that progressive rock cannot exist without the continuous and overt assimilation of classical music into rock. Debate about the criteria and scope of the genre continues in the 2010s. In early references to the music, progressive was partly related to progressive politics, Cotner also says that progressive rock incorporates both formal and eclectic elements, It consists of a combination of factors – some of them intramusical, others extramusical or social. One way of conceptualising rock and roll in relation to music is that progressive music pushed the genre into greater complexity while retracing the roots of romantic
4.
New wave music
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New wave is a genre of rock music popular from the late 1970s to the mid-1980s with ties to 1970s punk rock. New wave moved away from smooth blues and rock and roll sounds to create pop music that incorporated electronic and experimental music, mod, initially new wave was similar to punk rock, before becoming a distinct genre. It subsequently engendered subgenres and fusions, including synth-pop, college rock, common characteristics of new wave music include the use of synthesizers and electronic productions, the importance of styling and the arts, as well as diversity. In the mid-1980s, differences between new wave and other genres began to blur. New wave has enjoyed resurgences since the 1990s, after a rising nostalgia for several new wave-influenced artists, subsequently, the genre influenced other genres. During the 2000s, a number of acts explored new wave and post-punk influences, such as the Strokes, Interpol, Franz Ferdinand and these acts were sometimes labeled new wave of new wave. The catch-all nature of new music has been a source of much confusion. The 1985 discography Whos New Wave in Music listed artists in over 130 separate categories, the New Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock calls the term virtually meaningless, while AllMusic mentions stylistic diversity. New wave first emerged as a genre in the early 1970s, used by critics including Nick Kent and Dave Marsh to classify such New York-based groups as the Velvet Underground. It gained currency beginning in 1976 when it appeared in UK punk fanzines such as Sniffin Glue and newsagent music weeklies such as Melody Maker and New Musical Express. In November 1976 Caroline Coon used Malcolm McLarens term new wave to designate music by bands not exactly punk, the term was also used in that sense by music journalist Charles Shaar Murray in his comments about the Boomtown Rats. For a period of time in 1976 and 1977, the new wave. By the end of 1977, new wave had replaced punk as the definition for new music in the UK. As radio consultants in the United States had advised their clients that punk rock was a fad, like the filmmakers of the French new wave movement, its new artists were anti-corporate and experimental. At first, most U. S. writers exclusively used the new wave for British punk acts. Music historian Vernon Joynson claimed that new wave emerged in the UK in late 1976, in the U. S. the first new wavers were the not-so-punk acts associated with the New York club CBGB. CBGB owner Hilly Kristal, referring to the first show of the band Television at his club in March 1974, said, furthermore, many artists who would have originally been classified as punk were also termed new wave. A1977 Phonogram Records compilation album of the same name features US artists including the Dead Boys, Ramones, Talking Heads, New wave is much more closely tied to punk and came and went more quickly in the United Kingdom than in the United States
5.
Celine Dion
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Céline Marie Claudette Dion, CC OQ ChLD is a Canadian singer and businesswoman. Dion first gained recognition in the 1980s by winning both the 1982 Yamaha World Popular Song Festival and the 1988 Eurovision Song Contest where she represented Switzerland. Following a series of French albums during the 1980s, she signed on to Epic Records in the United States, in 1990, Dion released her debut English-language album, Unison, establishing herself as a viable pop artist in North America and other English-speaking areas of the world. During the 1990s, with the help of Angélil, she achieved fame after releasing several English albums along with additional French albums. Her albums, Falling into You and Lets Talk About Love, were certified diamond in the US while Deux became the best-selling French-language album of all time. However, in 1999 at the height of her success, Dion announced a hiatus from entertainment to start a family and spend time with her husband and she returned to the top of pop music in 2002 and signed to perform nightly in A New Day. A five-star theatrical show at the Colosseum at Caesars Palace, Paradise and it became the most successful residency show of all time, grossing US $385 million. Dions music has influenced by genres ranging from rock and R&B to gospel. Her recordings are mainly in French and English, although she sings in Spanish, Italian, German, Latin, Japanese. While her releases have received mixed critical reception, she is regarded as one of pop musics most influential voices. Dion has won five Grammy Awards, including Album of the Year and she is the second best-selling female artist in the US during the Nielsen SoundScan era. In 2003, Dion was honoured by the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry for selling over 50 million albums in Europe, Dion remains the best-selling Canadian artist and one of the best-selling artists of all time with record sales of over 200 million copies worldwide. Dion was born in Charlemagne, Quebec, Canada, the youngest of 14 children of Thérèse, a homemaker, and Adhémar Dion, Dion was raised a Roman Catholic in a poverty-stricken, but, by her own account, happy home in Charlemagne. Music had always been a part of the Dion family, indeed, Dion herself was named after the song Céline. Thereafter, she continued to perform with her siblings in her parentss small piano bar called Le Vieux Baril, from an early age, Dion had dreamed of being a performer. In a 1994 interview with People magazine, she recalled, I missed my family and my home, I had one dream, I wanted to be a singer. At age 12, Dion collaborated with her mother and her brother Jacques to write and compose her first song, Ce nétait quun rêve, whose title translates as It Was Only a Dream or Nothing But A Dream. Her brother, Michel Dion, sent the recording to music manager René Angélil, Angélil was moved to tears by Dions voice and decided to make her a star
6.
Grammy Award
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A Grammy Award, or Grammy, is an honor awarded by The Recording Academy to recognize outstanding achievement in the mainly English-language music industry. The annual presentation ceremony features performances by prominent artists, and the presentation of awards that have a more popular interest. It shares recognition of the industry as that of the other performance awards such as the Emmy Awards, the Tony Awards. The first Grammy Awards ceremony was held on May 4,1959, to honor, following the 2011 ceremony, The Academy overhauled many Grammy Award categories for 2012. The 59th Grammy Awards, honoring the best achievements from October 2015 to September 2016, was held on February 12,2017, the Grammys had their origin in the Hollywood Walk of Fame project in the 1950s. The music executives decided to rectify this by creating a given by their industry similar to the Oscars. This was the beginning of the National Academy of Recording Arts, after it was decided to create such an award, there was still a question of what to call it, one working title was the Eddie, to honor the inventor of the phonograph, Thomas Edison. They finally settled on using the name of the invention of Emile Berliner, the gramophone, for the awards, the number of awards given grew and fluctuated over the years with categories added and removed, at one time reaching over 100. The second Grammy Awards, also held in 1959, was the first ceremony to be televised, the gold-plated trophies, each depicting a gilded gramophone, are made and assembled by hand by Billings Artworks in Ridgway, Colorado. In 1990 the original Grammy design was revamped, changing the traditional soft lead for a stronger alloy less prone to damage, Billings developed a zinc alloy named grammium, which is trademarked. The trophies with the name engraved on them are not available until after the award announcements. By February 2009,7,578 Grammy trophies had been awarded, the General Field are four awards which are not restricted by genre. Album of the Year is awarded to the performer and the team of a full album if other than the performer. Record of the Year is awarded to the performer and the team of a single song if other than the performer. Song of the Year is awarded to the writer/composer of a single song, Best New Artist is awarded to a promising breakthrough performer who releases, during the Eligibility Year, the first recording that establishes the public identity of that artist. The only two artists to win all four of these awards are Christopher Cross, who won all four in 1980, and Adele, who won the Best New Artist award in 2009 and the other three in 2012 and 2017. Other awards are given for performance and production in specific genres, as well as for other such as artwork. Special awards are given for longer-lasting contributions to the music industry, the many other Grammy trophies are presented in a pre-telecast Premiere Ceremony earlier in the afternoon before the Grammy Awards telecast
7.
Music of France
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The music of France reflects a diverse array of styles. In the field of music, France has produced a number of prominent romantic composers, while folk and popular music have seen the rise of the chanson. The earliest known sound recording device in the world, the phonautograph, was patented in France by Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville in 1857. France is also the 5th largest market by value in the world, French music history dates back to organum in the 10th century, followed by the Notre Dame School, an organum composition style. By the end of the 12th century, a form of song called the motet arose, in the 14th century, France produced two notable styles of music, Ars Nova and Ars Subtilior. Burgundy, the mostly French-speaking area unified with the Kingdom of France in 1477 and this was followed by the rise of chansons and the Burgundian School. Influential composers included Louis Couperin, François Couperin and Jacques Champion de Chambonnières, Jean Philippe Rameau, a prominent opera composer, wrote an influential treatise on musical theory, especially in the subject of harmony, he also introduced the clarinet into his orchestras. In the late Renaissance and early Baroque period, a type of secular vocal music called Air de cour spread throughout France. The first French opera may be Akébar roi du Mogol, first performed in Carpentras in 1646 and his first was Cadmus from 1673. Lullys forays into operatic tragedy were accompanied by the pinnacle of French theatrical tragedy, led by Corneille and Racine. Lully also developed the beat patterns used by conductors to this day. The French composer, Georges Bizet, composed Carmen, one of the most well known, Claude Balbastre was an organist, harpsichordist and fortepianist. He was one of the most famous musicians of his time, henri-Montan Berton, son of Pierre, is principally remembered as a composer of operas, most of which were first performed at the Opéra-Comique. Chélard earned his living for much of his career as a violist at the Paris Opera and his 1827 opera Macbeth was a flop in Paris, but a great success in Munich. Jeanne-Hippolyte Devismes married the director of the Paris Opéra and her only known works are a song, La Dame Jacinthe, and an opera, Praxitėle, which was a success and ran for 16 performances. Harpsichordist and composer Jacques Duphly contributed to Jean-Jacques Rousseau dictionary, for articles relating to the art of playing the harpsichord, one of the major French composers of the time, and one of the most innovative composers of the early Romantic era, was Hector Berlioz. In the late 19th century, pioneers such as Georges Bizet, Jules Massenet, Gabriel Fauré, Maurice Ravel, the last two had an enormous impact on 20th-century music - both in France and abroad - and influenced many major composers such as Béla Bartók and Igor Stravinsky. Erik Satie was also a significant composer from that era
8.
Johnny Hallyday
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Johnny Hallyday is a French singer and actor. He has been called the French Elvis and he was married for 15 years to popular Bulgarian-French singer Sylvie Vartan and the two were considered a golden couple for 20 years. Hallyday has completed 181 tours, had 18 platinum albums, and has more than 80 million records worldwide. Hallyday remains largely unknown outside of the Francophone world, thus earning the nickname the biggest rock star youve never heard of in English-speaking countries, nevertheless, at an international level he is still considered as the only non-Anglophone rock musician having a large international reputation. He was made Chevalier of the Légion dhonneur in 1997, Hallydays father, Léon Smet, was Belgian, his mother, Huguette Clerc, was French. Johnny was raised by Desta and Lee from a young age. Johnny was always loyal to Lee and secured him a permanent job as a producer and A&R man with his label, Philips Records until Lees retirement. Influenced by Elvis Presley and the 1950s rock n roll revolution, Hallyday became famous in the 1960s for singing rock and his debut single, Laisse les filles was released on the Vogue label in March 1960. His first album, Hello Johnny, was released in 1960, in 1961 his cover of Lets Twist Again sold over one million copies, and was awarded a gold disc. It topped almost every European chart, although the track did not appear in the UK Singles Chart and he appeared on the American The Ed Sullivan Show with American singing star Connie Francis in a show that was taped at the Moulin Rouge nightclub in Paris. He also staged many appearances in the Paris Olympia under the management of the late Bruno Coquatrix, for their first concert, The Jimi Hendrix Experience opened for Johnny Hallyday in Évreux on 13 October 1966. Black-and-white footage, also from October 1966, exists of Hallyday partying with Hendrix, his manager Chas Chandler, there also is a widely published monochrome photograph of Hallyday walking somewhere in Paris in late May 1966 with Bob Dylan. At the end of the 1960s, Hallyday made a string of albums with Mick Jones and Tommy Brown as musical directors, on Je suis né dans la rue, Hallyday also hired both Peter Frampton and the Small Faces. Amongst their contributions are the songs Amen, Reclamation, and Regarde Pour Moi, often forgotten is Hallydays non-LP single and EP track Que Je Taime from the same sessions. By 1969 alone, his sales of records exceeded twelve million, one of Hallydays later concerts, 100% Johnny, Live à La Tour Eiffel in 2000, attracted an audience of 500,000 and 9.5 million television viewers. In December 2005, Hallyday had his third single in France, Mon Plus Beau Noël. Shortly before announcing his retirement from touring, he released an album, Le Cœur dun homme. The album hit No.1 in both France and French-speaking Belgium and his next album, Ça ne finira jamais, released in 2008, another No.1 on the French album chart, and its lead single, Ça nfinira jamais, also reached No.1
9.
History of the Jews in Poland
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The history of the Jews in Poland dates back over 800 years. For centuries, Poland was home to the largest and most significant Jewish community in the world, Poland was the centre of Jewish culture thanks to a long period of statutory religious tolerance and social autonomy. This ended with the Partitions of Poland which began in 1772, in particular, from the founding of the Kingdom of Poland in 1025 through to the early years of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth created in 1569, Poland was the most tolerant country in Europe. Known as paradisus Iudaeorum, it became a shelter for persecuted and expelled European Jewish communities, according to some sources, about three-quarters of the worlds Jews lived in Poland by the middle of the 16th century. With the weakening of the Commonwealth and growing religious strife, Polands traditional tolerance began to wane from the 17th century onward. Still, as Poland regained independence in the aftermath of World War I, Antisemitism was a growing problem throughout Europe in those years, from both the political establishment and the general population. At the start of World War II, Poland was partitioned between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union, one-fifth of the Polish population perished during World War II, half of them were 3,000,000 Polish Jews murdered in The Holocaust, constituting 90% of Polish Jewry. Although the Holocaust occurred largely in German-occupied Poland, there was collaboration with the Nazis by its citizens. Collaboration by individual Poles has been described as smaller than in other occupied countries, statistics of the Israeli War Crimes Commission indicate that less than 0. 1% of Polish gentiles collaborated with the Nazis. Grouped by nationality, Poles represent the largest number of people who rescued Jews during the Holocaust, britain demanded Poland to halt the exodus, but their pressure was largely unsuccessful. Most of the remaining Jews left Poland in late 1968 as the result of the Soviet-sponsored anti-Zionist campaign. After the fall of the Communist regime in 1989, the situation of Polish Jews became normalized, Religious institutions were revived, largely through the activities of Jewish foundations from the United States. The first Jews arrived in the territory of modern Poland in the 10th century, by travelling along the trade routes leading eastwards to Kiev and Bukhara, Jewish merchants, known as Radhanites, crossed the areas of Silesia. In the summer of 965 or 966 Jacob made a trade and diplomatic journey from his native Toledo in Moslem Spain to the Holy Roman Empire, the first actual mention of Jews in Polish chronicles occurs in the 11th century. It appears that Jews were then living in Gniezno, at time the capital of the Polish kingdom of the Piast dynasty. Among the first Jews to arrive in Poland were those banished from Prague, the first permanent Jewish community is mentioned in 1085 by a Jewish scholar Jehuda ha-Kohen in the city of Przemyśl. The first extensive Jewish emigration from Western Europe to Poland occurred at the time of the First Crusade in 1098. Under Bolesław III, the Jews, encouraged by the tolerant regime of this ruler, settled throughout Poland, Bolesław III recognized the utility of Jews in the development of the commercial interests of his country
10.
History of the Jews in Germany
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Jewish settlers founded the Ashkenazi Jewish community in the Early and High Middle Ages. The community survived under Charlemagne, but suffered during the Crusades, accusations of well poisoning during the Black Death led to mass slaughter of German Jews, and they fled in large numbers to Poland. The Jewish communities of the cities of Mainz, Speyer, and this was a golden age as area bishops protected the Jews resulting in increased trade and prosperity. The First Crusade began an era of persecution of Jews in Germany, Entire communities, like those of Trier, Worms, Mainz, and Cologne, were murdered. The war upon the Hussite heretics became the signal for renewed persecution of Jews, the end of the 15th century was a period of religious hatred that ascribed to Jews all possible evils. The atrocities during the Khmelnytsky Uprising committed by Khmelnytskyis Cossacks drove the Polish Jews back into western Germany, with Napoleons fall in 1815, growing nationalism resulted in increasing repression. From August to October 1819, pogroms that came to be known as the Hep-Hep riots took place throughout Germany, during this time, many German states stripped Jews of their civil rights. As a result, many German Jews began to emigrate, from the time of Moses Mendelssohn until the 20th century, the community gradually achieved emancipation, and then prospered. In January 1933, some 522,000 Jews lived in Germany, however, following the growth of Nazism and its antisemitic ideology and policies, the Jewish community was severely persecuted. Over half emigrated during the first six years of the Nazi dictatorship, in 1933, persecution of the Jews became an active Nazi policy. In 1935 and 1936, the pace of persecution of the Jews increased, in 1936, Jews were banned from all professional jobs, effectively preventing them from exerting any influence in education, politics, higher education, and industry. The SS ordered the Night of Broken Glass to be carried out the night of November 9–10,1938, the storefronts of Jewish shops and offices were smashed and vandalized, and many synagogues were destroyed by fire. Increasing antisemitism prompted a wave of a Jewish mass emigration from Germany throughout the 1930s, only roughly 214,000 Jews were left in Germany proper on the eve of World War II. Beginning in late 1941, the community was subjected to systematic deportations to ghettos. In May 1943, Germany was declared judenrein, by the end of the war, an estimated 160,000 to 180,000 German Jews had been killed under the Nazi regime, by the Germans and their collaborators. A total of about 6 million European Jews were murdered under the direction of the Nazis, after the war, the Jewish community in Germany started to slowly grow again. Currently in Germany, denial of the Holocaust or that six million Jews were murdered in the Holocaust is a criminal act, violations can be punished with up to five years of prison. In 2007, the Interior Minister of Germany, Wolfgang Schäuble, pointed out the policy of Germany, We will not tolerate any form of extremism, xenophobia
11.
The Beatles
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The Beatles were an English rock band, formed in Liverpool in 1960. With members John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, the Beatles built their reputation playing clubs in Liverpool and Hamburg over a three-year period from 1960, with Stuart Sutcliffe initially serving as bass player. The core of Lennon, McCartney and Harrison went through a succession of drummers, including Pete Best, before asking Starr to join them. They acquired the nickname the Fab Four as Beatlemania grew in Britain the next year, from 1965 onwards, the Beatles produced increasingly innovative recordings, including the albums Rubber Soul, Revolver, Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band, The Beatles and Abbey Road, after their break-up in 1970, they each enjoyed successful musical careers of varying lengths. McCartney and Starr, the members, remain musically active. Lennon was shot and killed in December 1980, and Harrison died of cancer in November 2001. The Beatles are the band in history, with estimated sales of over 600 million records worldwide. They have had more number-one albums on the British charts and sold more singles in the UK than any other act, according to the RIAA, the Beatles are also the best-selling music artists in the United States, with 178 million certified units. In 2008, the group topped Billboard magazines list of the all-time most successful Hot 100 artists, as of 2016 and they have received ten Grammy Awards, an Academy Award for Best Original Song Score and fifteen Ivor Novello Awards. The group was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1988 and they were also collectively included in Time magazines compilation of the twentieth centurys 100 most influential people. In March 1957, John Lennon, then aged sixteen, formed a group with several friends from Quarry Bank school. They briefly called themselves the Blackjacks, before changing their name to the Quarrymen after discovering that a local group was already using the other name. Fifteen-year-old Paul McCartney joined as a rhythm guitarist shortly after he, in February 1958, McCartney invited his friend George Harrison to watch the band. The fourteen-year-old auditioned for Lennon, impressing him with his playing, after a month of Harrisons persistence, they enlisted him as their lead guitarist. By January 1959, Lennons Quarry Bank friends had left the group, the three guitarists, billing themselves at least three times as Johnny and the Moondogs, were playing rock and roll whenever they could find a drummer. They used the name until May, when they became the Silver Beetles, before undertaking a tour of Scotland as the backing group for pop singer. By early July, they had changed their name to the Silver Beatles, allan Williams, the Beatles unofficial manager, arranged a residency for them in Hamburg, but lacking a full-time drummer they auditioned and hired Pete Best in mid-August 1960
12.
Jimi Hendrix
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James Marshall Jimi Hendrix was an American rock guitarist, singer, and songwriter. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame describes him as arguably the greatest instrumentalist in the history of rock music, born in Seattle, Washington, Hendrix began playing guitar at the age of 15. In 1961, he enlisted in the U. S. Army and trained as a paratrooper in the 101st Airborne Division, within months, Hendrix had earned three UK top ten hits with the Jimi Hendrix Experience, Hey Joe, Purple Haze, and The Wind Cries Mary. Hendrix was inspired musically by American rock and roll and electric blues and he favored overdriven amplifiers with high volume and gain, and was instrumental in utilizing the previously undesirable sounds caused by guitar amplifier feedback. He helped to popularize the use of a pedal in mainstream rock. Holly George-Warren of Rolling Stone commented, Hendrix pioneered the use of the instrument as a sound source. Hendrix was the recipient of several awards during his lifetime. In 1967, readers of Melody Maker voted him the Pop Musician of the Year, disc and Music Echo honored him with the World Top Musician of 1969 and in 1970, Guitar Player named him the Rock Guitarist of the Year. The Jimi Hendrix Experience was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1992, Jimi Hendrix was of African American descent. Both his mother Lucille and father Al were African Americans and his paternal grandmother, Zenora Nora Rose Moore, was African American and one-quarter Cherokee. On June 10,1919, Hendrix and Moore had a son they named James Allen Ross Hendrix, in 1941, Al met Lucille Jeter at a dance in Seattle, they married on March 31,1942. Al, who had been drafted by the U. S. Army to serve in World War II, Johnny Allen Hendrix was born on November 27,1942, in Seattle, he was the first of Lucilles five children. In 1946, Johnnys parents changed his name to James Marshall Hendrix, in honor of Al and he spent two months locked up without trial, and while in the stockade received a telegram announcing his sons birth. During Als three-year absence, Lucille struggled to raise their son, when Al was away, Hendrix was mostly cared for by family members and friends, especially Lucilles sister Delores Hall and her friend Dorothy Harding. Al received a discharge from the U. S. Army on September 1,1945. After returning from service, Al reunited with Lucille, but his inability to find steady work left the family impoverished and they both struggled with alcohol, and often fought when intoxicated. The violence sometimes drove Hendrix to withdraw and hide in a closet in their home and his relationship with his brother Leon was close but precarious, with Leon in and out of foster care, they lived with an almost constant threat of fraternal separation. In addition to Leon, Hendrix had three siblings, Joseph, born in 1949, Kathy in 1950, and Pamela,1951, all of whom Al and Lucille gave up to foster care
13.
Aretha Franklin
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Aretha Louise Franklin is an American singer, songwriter and musician. Franklin began her career singing gospel at her father, minister C. L. Franklins church as a child, in 1960, at the age of 18, Franklin embarked on a secular career, recording for Columbia Records but only achieving modest success. Following her signing to Atlantic Records in 1967, Franklin achieved commercial acclaim and success with such as Respect, A Natural Woman. These hits and more helped her to gain the title The Queen of Soul by the end of the 1960s decade, in 1998, Franklin won international acclaim for singing the opera aria Nessun dorma, at the Grammys of that year replacing Luciano Pavarotti. Later that same year, she scored her final Top 40 recording with A Rose Is Still a Rose, Franklin has won a total of 18 Grammy Awards and is one of the best-selling artists of all time, having sold over 75 million records worldwide. Franklin has been honored throughout her career including a 1987 induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and she was inducted to the UK Music Hall of Fame in 2005. In August 2012, Franklin was inducted into the GMA Gospel Music Hall of Fame, Aretha Louise Franklin was born in Memphis, Tennessee, the daughter of Barbara and Clarence LaVaughn Franklin. Her father, who went by the nickname, C. L. was an itinerant preacher originally from Shelby, Mississippi, while her mother was a piano player. Alongside Franklin, her parents had three children while both C. L. and Barbara had children from outside their marriage. The family relocated to Buffalo, New York when Franklin was two, before her fifth birthday, C. L. Franklin permanently relocated the family to Detroit, Michigan where he took over the pastorship of New Bethel Baptist Church. Franklins mother died on March 7,1952, before Franklins tenth birthday, several women, including Franklins grandmother Rachel, and Mahalia Jackson took turns helping with the children at the Franklin home. During this time, Franklin learned how to play piano by ear, Franklins fathers emotionally driven sermons resulted in him being known as the man with the million-dollar voice and earning thousands of dollars for sermons in various churches across the country. Just after her mothers death, Franklin began singing solos at New Bethel, debuting with the hymn, Jesus, Be a Fence Around Me. Four years later, when Franklin was 14, her father began managing her and he helped his daughter get signed to her first recording deal with J. V. B. Records, where her first album, Songs of Faith, was issued in 1956, two singles were released to gospel radio stations including Never Grow Old and Precious Lord, Take My Hand. Franklin sometimes traveled with The Caravans and The Soul Stirrers during this time and developed a crush on Sam Cooke, after turning 18, Franklin confided to her father that she aspired to follow Sam Cooke to record pop music. Serving as her manager, C. L. agreed to the move and helped to produce a demo that soon was brought to the attention of Columbia Records. Franklin was signed as a five-percent artist, during this period, Franklin would be coached by choreographer Cholly Atkins to prepare for her pop performances
14.
Lille
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Lille is a city in northern France, in French Flanders. On the Deûle River, near Frances border with Belgium, it is the capital of the Hauts-de-France region, archeological digs seem to show the area as inhabited by as early as 2000 BC, most notably in the modern-day quartiers of Fives, Wazemmes, and Vieux Lille. The legend of Lydéric and Phinaert puts the foundation of the city of Lille at 640, in the 8th century, the language of Old Low Franconian was spoken here, as attested by toponymic research. Lilles Dutch name is Rijsel, which comes from ter ijsel, the French equivalent has the same meaning, Lille comes from lîle. From 830 until around 910, the Vikings invaded Flanders, after the destruction caused by Norman and Magyar invasion, the eastern part of the region was ruled by various local princes. The first mention of the dates from 1066, apud Insulam. At the time, it was controlled by the County of Flanders, the County of Flanders thus extended to the left bank of the Scheldt, one of the richest and most prosperous regions of Europe. A notable local in this period was Évrard, who lived in the 9th century and participated in many of the days political, there was an important Battle of Lille in 1054. From the 12th century, the fame of the Lille cloth fair began to grow, in 1144 Saint-Sauveur parish was formed, which would give its name to the modern-day quartier Saint-Sauveur. Infante Ferdinand, Count of Flanders was imprisoned and the county fell into dispute, it would be his wife, Jeanne, Countess of Flanders and Constantinople and she was said to be well loved by the residents of Lille, who by that time numbered 10,000. He pushed the kingdoms of Flanders and Hainaut towards sedition against Jeanne in order to recover his land and she called her cousin, Louis VIII. He unmasked the imposter, whom Countess Jeanne quickly had hanged, in 1226 the King agreed to free Infante Ferdinand, Count of Flanders. Count Ferrand died in 1233, and his daughter Marie soon after, in 1235, Jeanne granted a city charter by which city governors would be chosen each All Saints Day by four commissioners chosen by the ruler. On 6 February 1236, she founded the Countesss Hospital, which one of the most beautiful buildings in Old Lille. It was in her honour that the hospital of the Regional Medical University of Lille was named Jeanne of Flanders Hospital in the 20th century, the Countess died in 1244 in the Abbey of Marquette, leaving no heirs. The rule of Flanders and Hainaut thus fell to her sister, Margaret II, Countess of Flanders, then to Margarets son, Lille fell under the rule of France from 1304 to 1369, after the Franco-Flemish War. The county of Flanders fell to the Duchy of Burgundy next, after the 1369 marriage of Margaret III, Countess of Flanders, Lille thus became one of the three capitals of said Duchy, along with Brussels and Dijon. By 1445, Lille counted some 25,000 residents, Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, was even more powerful than the King of France, and made Lille an administrative and financial capital
15.
Typhoon
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A typhoon is a mature tropical cyclone that develops in the western part of the North Pacific Ocean between 180° and 100°E. This region is referred to as the Northwestern Pacific Basin, and is the most active tropical cyclone basin on Earth, for organizational purposes, the northern Pacific Ocean is divided into three regions, the eastern, central, and western. While the RSMC names each system, the name list itself is coordinated among 18 countries that have territories threatened by typhoons each year. Only the Philippines use their own naming list for systems approaching the country, a typhoon differs from a cyclone or hurricane only on the basis of location. A hurricane is a storm that occurs in the Atlantic Ocean and northeastern Pacific Ocean, a typhoon occurs in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, within the northwestern Pacific there are no official typhoon seasons as tropical cyclones form throughout the year. While the majority of storms form between June and November, a few storms do occur between December and May, on average, the northwestern Pacific features the most numerous and intense tropical cyclones globally. Like other basins, they are steered by the ridge towards the west or northwest, with some systems recurving near. The Philippines receive the brunt of the landfalls, with China, some of the deadliest typhoons in history have struck China. Southern China has the longest record of typhoon impacts for the region, Taiwan has received the wettest known typhoon on record for the northwest Pacific tropical cyclone basins. The term typhoon is the name in the northwest Pacific for a severe tropical cyclone, whereas hurricane is the regional term in the northeast Pacific. Elsewhere this is called a cyclone, severe tropical cyclone. The Oxford English Dictionary cites Urdu ṭūfān and Chinese tai fung giving rise to early forms in English. The earliest forms -- touffon, later tufan, tuffon, and others -- derive from Urdu ṭūfān, from 1699 appears tuffoon, later tiffoon, derived from Chinese with spelling influenced by the older Urdu-derived forms. The modern spelling dates to 1820, preceded by tay-fun in 1771 and ty-foong. The Urdu source word توفان ṭūfān comes via Persian from Arabic طوفان, the Chinese source is the word tai fung, cited as a common dialect form of Mandarin dà big and fēng wind. In Mandarin the word for the windstorm is 大风 and in Cantonese 大風, the modern Japanese word is also derived from Chinese, 台風. The first character in Japanese has a modern meaning of pedestal or stand. So the Japanese characters originally had a meaning of typhoon wind, the Ancient Greek Τυφῶν is not unrelated and has secondarily contaminated the word
16.
Epic Records
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Epic Records is an American record company owned by Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America, Inc. Epic was founded predominantly as a jazz and classical music label in 1953 and it later expanded its scope to include a more diverse range of musical genres, including pop, R&B, rock and hip hop. Historically, the label has housed popular acts such as Boston, ABBA, Michael Jackson, Celine Dion, Dave Clark Five, Gloria Estefan, Pearl Jam, Shakira, Anastacia, and Sly & the Family Stone. Along with Columbia and RCA Records, Epic is one of Sony Music Entertainments three main record labels, L. A. Reid has served as chairman and CEO of Epic since July 2011. Sylvia Rhone was appointed president in March 2014, Epic Records was launched in 1953 by Columbia Records for the purpose of marketing jazz, pop and classical music that did not fit the theme of its more mainstream Columbia Records label. Initial classical music releases were from Philips Records which distributed Columbia product in Europe, pop talent on co-owned Okeh Records were transferred to Epic which made Okeh a rhythm and blues label. Epics bright-yellow, black, and blue became a familiar trademark for many jazz. By 1960, the musical base had been expanded to include all genres. This was done in part to prevent the roster of Columbia Records from being overstuffed with newer artists, subsequently, Epic became better known for its signing of newer, fledgling acts. By the end of the 1960s, Epic earned its first gold records and had evolved into a formidable hit-making force in rock and roll, R&B and country music. Among its many acts, it included Roy Hamilton, Bobby Vinton, The Dave Clark Five, The Hollies, Tammy Wynette, Donovan, The Yardbirds, Lulu, July, Helen Shapiro and Jeff Beck. Also during the 1960s, Epic oversaw the smaller subsidiary CBS labels including Okeh Records, in 1968, Epic recordings began being distributed in the UK by CBS after the distribution deal with EMI expired that year, Epic itself launched in England around 1971. Epic was involved in a trade of artists. Graham Nash was signed to Epic because of his membership in The Hollies, when the newly formed Crosby, Stills & Nash wanted to sign with Atlantic Records, Ahmet Ertegün worked out a deal with Clive Davis whereby Richie Furays new band Poco would sign with Epic. Also contributing to the success was its distribution of Philadelphia International Records. Sony bought CBS Records in 1987, and the company was renamed Sony Music in 1991. In 2004, Sony merged with another powerhouse music distributor, BMG, bringing labels such as RCA, Arista, Columbia, Epic, Jive, in February 2009, singer and songwriter Amanda Ghost was appointed president of Epic Records. Later in the year, Sony BMG Music merged Epic and Columbias operations, Sony BMGs Legacy Recordings reissues the companys classic and catalog titles
17.
Nuit (song)
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Nuit is the name of a 1990 song recorded by the French trio Jean-Jacques Goldman, Carole Fredericks and Michael Jones. It was the first single from their album, Fredericks Goldman Jones. It achieved success in terms of sales in France, Goldman explained that Nuit was written in a very short time, i. e. just a few hours. He confessed that he was proud of this song, especially for its text, the music is inspired by Peter Green. The song includes lyrics in French-language and in English-language, according to Elia Habib, a specialist of French charts, this song is characterized by its sweetness and lucidity. It is mainly based on percussion, shooting background framework, in the last verse, Goldman and Fredericks mix their voices singing in both languages. The song ends with a solo guitar, the song is included on the best of Pluriel 90-96 and Intégrale 1990-2000, and on the live albums Sur scène and Un tour ensemble. In France, the single charted for 19 weeks on the singles chart and it debuted at number 29 and climbed quickly on the chart, reaching the top ten three weeks later. It remained there for nine weeks, peaking at six on 16 February. The single was eventually certified Silver disc by the Syndicat National de lÉdition Phonographique and this song sold about 202,000 copies and therefore is the most successful single of the trio. Although the song was released in the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and Spain, it charted only in the Netherlands, in December 1998, the song was performed on the French TV show Hit Machine by the female duet Native and Patrick Fiori
18.
Tu manques
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Tu manques is a 1990 song recorded by Carole Fredericks, Jean-Jacques Goldman and Michael Jones. It was the sixth and last single from the album Fredericks Goldman Jones on which it appears as the last track and was released in May 1992, although the three singers are credited on the single cover, only Goldman performed it. It was a top 15 hit in France, according to Goldman, Tu manques is a very intimate song. Composed of three chords, the song was very quickly during a night. It deals with the absence of a person and the painful consequences that this situation generates. The song is autobiographical and refers to Goldmans father who died at the time, in an interview by Nagui on RTL, the singer said that Tu manques would never be released as a single and never performed on stage. According to an analysis, the rhythm is slow, the sentences are widely spaced, the singers voice is special, it has a very low voice that shakes a lot, a mixture of sadness and emotion, which reinforces this tragical aspect. The various noises that can be heard in the musical introduction would represent the vacuum, in a 2004 book entitled Chansons pour les yeux, Cosey, a comic book author, gives his own interpretation of the song. The album is available on Goldmans compilation album Pluriel 90/96. On 16 May 1992, the single went to number 28 on the French SNEP Singles Chart, thereafter, it dropped and totaled nine weeks in the top 50. In 1999, Florent Pagny covered the song on his cover album RéCréation, CD single CD maxi Digital download Bass, Pino Palladino Drum kit, Claude Salmieri Guitars, Basile Leroux and Patrice Tison Keyboards, Erick Benzi Piano and vocals, Goldman
19.
Carole Fredericks
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Carole Denise Fredericks was an American singer most famous for her recordings in France. Carole emerged from the shadow of her brother, the legendary blues musicologist Taj Mahal, to fame and popularity in Europe. For more than two decades Paris, France, was her home and Dakar, Senegal, was her favorite vacation spot. Although Fredericks left her country, she never left her roots. Between 1990 and 1996 she was in the trio Fredericks Goldman Jones alongside singer-songwriter Jean-Jacques Goldman, Carole Denise Fredericks was born in Springfield, Massachusetts, on June 5,1952, the youngest of Mildred and Harry Fredericks five children. Carole and her siblings were raised in Springfield and educated in the school system. Her mother who was originally from Bennettsville, South Carolina, sang with Big Bands and her father, the son of immigrants from the island of Saint Kitts, was a pianist and wrote arrangements for jazz trios. Carole grew up in a filled with music from around the world. Her parents encouraged creative expression in all their children, Caroles brothers and sister developed careers in art, music, dance and theatre. Her eldest brother is Grammy-winning blues musician, Taj Mahal and her parents, who came of age during the Harlem Renaissance, instilled in their children a sense of pride in their West Indian and African ancestry through their stories. Carole never got to know her father, when she was two years old, he was killed in a construction accident, crushed by a tractor when it flipped over. By the time she was 20, Carole was living in Oakland, a year after her graduation from Classical High School, she persuaded Taj to send for her. Upon her arrival in San Francisco, Taj put his sister to work as a background vocalist on a number of his albums – Mo Roots, Music Fuh Ya, Together, and Evolution. To supplement the income from work, Carole was employed as a receptionist for the Pacific Personnel Services. She was one of 71 voices in the New Generation Singers Gospel Choir, Fredericks organized a trio – piano, bass and voice – and booked singing engagements on the weekends. In an interview from OH LA, magazine she explains, I was part of a choir for three years and I was doing backup work. It was not enough to sustain a comfortable lifestyle and I started to get sick, I refused to get by on my brothers name. During this period, I was working in San Francisco at a French restaurant, some of the patrons would often suggest that I go to France
20.
Michael Jones (Welsh-French musician)
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Michael Jones is a Welsh singer, guitarist, and songwriter who lives in France. He has made several hit albums and toured as trio Fredericks Goldman Jones, Jones was born in Welshpool of a Welsh father, John Merick Jones and a Norman mother, Simone Lalleman. As a young man, he studied drums and guitar, in 1966, he started his first group, Urban District Council Dib Bob Band. At 19, he went to France on vacation and never left and he played guitar and sang with a Norman group called Travert & Cie from 1971 to 1979 and with the group BUDDY C from 1979 to 1983. Later, he joined the group Taï Phong, he met Jean-Jacques Goldman, in 1979, he performed with the group from Toulouse Week-end Millionnaire. When Taï Phong disbanded in 1980, Michael formed another group called Gulfstream, in 1983, he rejoined Jean-Jacques Goldman and Carole Fredericks. In 1985, he co-wrote the hit Je te donne with Goldman, in 1986, he wrote the single Guitar Man, which he sang on tour with Goldman. In 1990, the Fredericks Goldman Jones trio was formed, which lasted five years and their eponymous album was Fredericks Goldman Jones. Their most famous hit from this period was À nos actes manqués, in 1998, he participated in Goldmans album En passant and in the tour that followed. In 2001, he participated in Goldmans album Chanson pour les pieds, in addition to his work with Goldman, he continued a solo career, releasing A consommer sans modération in 1997, and Prises et reprises in 2004. He formed a group called El Club with Erick Benzi, Gildas Arzel, and Christian Séguret, in November 2008, Michael was invited by the English group Status Quo to join them on their French tour. The album, Celtic Blues, appeared in 2009 and was followed by a tour in France, in 2013 Jones presented his album 4060 and told, that hes going to end his career as a musician due to health reasons. The title of album is a reference to the 40 years span of his career. Two new songs composed by Jean-Jacques Goldman are on this album and it contains also a duet with Francis Cabrel His daughter Sarah was born in 1995. He has lived for 20 years in the Lyon suburb of Saint-Laurent-de-Mure, Jones is a member of the Les Enfoirés charity ensemble since 1989
21.
4 Mots sur un piano
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4 Mots sur un piano is a 2007 song recorded by French singers Patrick Fiori, Jean-Jacques Goldman, who also had written the lyrics, and Christine Ricol. It was released as the second single - after Toutes les peines - from Fioris album Si on chantait plus fort on July 20,2007, the single was very successful, particularly in France where it topped the chart. Fiori explained in an interview, One day in Corsica, when I went to Bastia, then, in the Restonica, we met a young girl absolutely unknown named Christine, and the idea of a trio became imperative. He also noted that the song is sad, the song was produced by Patrick Fiori. It also available on Fioris best of,4 Mots, and on many French compilations, such as NRJ Back 2 School 2, NRJ Music Awards 2008 and Hit Connection - Best Of 2007. Composed by Jean-Jacques Goldman, the song is a ballad that deals with the theme of a relationship between two men and one woman. This relationship, initially accepted by all three people, is challenged by the two men who ask the woman to choose between them and she prefers to not choose because she loves both and finally leaves them. The music video takes place in a room in which, at first and they get along well, sharing all the happy moments. However, throughout the video, an uneasiness settles upon them as a result of this relationship becomes exclusive and finally. In the end, the room is completely empty, in France, the single went straight to number 5 on July 28,2007 and jumped to number one two weeks later, with about 17,000 copies sold that week. It stayed there for two consecutive weeks, after that, it dropped slowly and managed to total 17 weeks in the top ten,24 weeks in the top 50 and 32 weeks in the top 100. Certified Silver disc three months after its release by the SNEP for about 175,000 sales, it was the fifth best-selling single of 2007 in France, in 2007, about 23,690 digital downloads were sold. It was the second single for Patrick Fiori, and also for Jean-Jacques Goldman. In Belgium, the single was charted for 19 weeks in the top 40, after a debut at the bottom of the chart, it reached its peak position of number seven in its eighth week. The single was ranked 60th on the 2007 Belgian year-end chart, in Switzerland, the single started at number 67 on the Swiss Singles Chart on August 26, and peaked at number 40 two weeks later. It fell off the chart after 15 weeks
22.
Patrick Fiori
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Patrick Fiori is a French singer. Fiori was born to a French-Armenian father and a Corsican mother in Marseille and his fathers family were escapees of the Armenian Genocide. In 1993, Fiori came fourth place in the Eurovision Song Contest with the song Mama Corsica, the following year, his first album was released, entitled Puisque cest lheure. His successful audition for the musical Notre Dame de Paris enabled him to originate the role of Phoebus both onstage and in the recording studio, with Daniel Lavoie and Garou, he recorded the song Belle. The following year, Patrick signed a contract with Sony and recorded his 3rd album Prends Moi, Patrick finally decided to end his role in Notre Dame de Paris in the year 2000 in order to dedicate more time to his fourth album, Chrysalide. Two years after, his album was released and in 2008 the album Les choses de la vie was released, followed by the most recent album Linstinct masculin. His 2007 single 4 Mots sur un piano was number one in the French charts for two weeks, aCharted on the Belgian Ultratip chart. Fiori is a member of the Les Enfoirés charity ensemble since 1999, official website Biography of Patrick Fiori, from Radio France Internationale CorsicArmenia
23.
Je te donne (song)
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Je te donne is a bilingual pop song, recorded in English and French. It was performed by Jean-Jacques Goldman and Michael Jones and was released as a single in late 1985 and it reached number-one for eight weeks on the French Singles Chart, becoming one of the best-selling singles of the 1980s in France. The song has been covered by Worlds Apart in 1996 and Ivyrise in 2013,7 single Je te donne —4,25 Confidentiel by Jean-Jacques Goldman —2,36 In 1996, the multi-national boy band World Apart released a successful cover reaching number 3 in France. It was also a hit in Germany, Austria, Belgium, Switzerland. The track was produced by Trak Invaders and was released on My Major Company label
24.
Taj Mahal (musician)
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Henry Saint Clair Fredericks, who uses the stage name Taj Mahal, is an American blues musician. He often incorporates elements of music into his works. Born Henry Saint Clair Fredericks, Jr. on May 17,1942, in Harlem, New York, Mahal grew up in Springfield, Massachusetts. Raised in an environment, his mother was a member of a local gospel choir and his father was a West Indian jazz arranger. His family owned a radio which received music broadcasts from around the world. Early in childhood he recognized the differences between the popular music of his day and the music that was played in his home. He also became interested in jazz, enjoying the works of such as Charles Mingus, Thelonious Monk. His parents came of age during the Harlem Renaissance, instilling in their son a sense of pride in his West Indian and African ancestry through their stories. Because his father was a musician, his house was frequently the host of musicians from the Caribbean, Africa. His father, Henry Saint Clair Fredericks Sr. was called The Genius by Ella Fitzgerald before starting his family, early on, Henry Jr. developed an interest in African music, which he studied assiduously as a young man. His parents also encouraged him to music, starting him out with classical piano lessons. He also studied the clarinet, trombone and harmonica, when Mahal was eleven his father was killed in an accident at his own construction company, crushed by a tractor when it flipped over. This was a traumatic experience for the boy. His stepfather owned a guitar which Taj began using at age 13 or 14 and his name was Lynwood Perry, the nephew of the famous bluesman Arthur Big Boy Crudup. In high school Mahal sang in a doo-wop group, for some time Mahal thought of pursuing farming over music. He had developed a passion for farming that nearly rivaled his love of music—coming to work on a farm first at age 16 and it was a dairy farm in Palmer, Massachusetts, not far from Springfield. By age nineteen he had become farm foreman, getting up a bit after 4,00 a. m. I milked anywhere between thirty-five and seventy cows a day. Mahal believes in growing ones own food, saying, You have a generation of kids who think everything comes out of a box and a can
25.
Coluche
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Michel Gérard Joseph Colucci, better known as Coluche, was a French comedian and actor who was famous for his irreverent sense of humour. Colucci adopted Coluche as a name at age 26, when he began his entertainment career. He became known for his irreverent attitude towards politics and the establishment and he was one of the first major comedians to regularly use profanities as a source of humor on French television. Michel Gérard Joseph Colucci was born on 28 October 1944, weeks after the liberation of Paris and his mother, Simone Bouyer, worked as a florist in the Boulevard Montparnasse. His father, Honorio Colucci, from Casalvieri in Lazio, Italy, was a painter and his father died in 1947 at age 31 from poliomyelitis, his wife struggled thereafter to raise the young Michel and his sister on a meager salary. Coluche showed little promise at school, and left after completing his primary studies and he tried various temporary jobs, and had several run-ins with authorities. During this time his mother bought him a guitar, which he himself to play. In 1964 he joined the 60th Infantry Regiment de Lons-le-Saunier, but was imprisoned for insubordination. On his return to life, he worked in his mothers florist shop which she had been able to open on rue dAligre. He found this work dull, and suddenly quit, which caused a breach with his mother. At the end of the 1960s he tried his luck as a singer in cafes, among the patrons of the Café de la Gare were Georges Moustaki, Raymond Devos, Jean Ferrat, Jacques Brel, Leni Escudero, Pierre Perret and Jean Yanne. Later they were joined by Gérard Lanvin, Renaud, Rufus, Diane Kurys, Coline Serreau, Anémone, Gérard Depardieu, Thierry Lhermitte, Josiane Balasko, Coluches first sketch Cest lhistoire dun mec was about the difficulties of telling a funny story. He quickly found success, but alcohol problems forced him to leave the group and he went on to found another group, Le vrai chic parisien and it was at this time that he met his future wife, Véronique Kantor. They married in 1975 and had two sons, Marius and Romain Colucci and his behaviour and addictions forced him to leave the new group and launch his solo career. It was at point that he began to dress in his well-known outfit of white tennis shoes, blue striped overalls. He was sacked by two stations for vulgarity. In a 30 October 1980 press conference at the theatre of his one-man show and he was not taken seriously until the Sunday newspaper Le Journal du Dimanche published a poll on 14 December 1980 showing Coluche supported by 16% of potential voters. However, he withdrew after pressure from serious politicians, in 1984 Coluche was awarded the César Award for Best Actor for his role in the film Tchao Pantin directed by Claude Berri, a film that mirrored his chaotic personal life
26.
D'eux
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Deux is a French-language studio album by the Canadian singer Celine Dion, released by Sony Music Entertainment on 30 March 1995 in Canada and on 3 April 1995 in France. It was issued in countries in the following months, in the United States. Deux was preceded by the single, Pour que tu maimes encore. The album was written and produced by French singer-songwriter, Jean-Jacques Goldman. Deux garnered favorable reviews from critics and became the best-selling French-language album of all time. Deux was recorded in the Mega Studio in Paris, France, Jean-Jacques Goldman, a popular French singer and songwriter, wrote and produced eleven songs on the album. One track, Cherche encore, was written by Erick Benzi, the latter three tracks were recorded later in English as If Thats What It Takes, I Dont Know and Fly respectively, and were included on Dions next album, Falling into You. Deux was released on 30 March 1995 in Canada and on 3 April 1995 in France and it was also issued in other European countries between April and November 1995, and in the United States in May 1995. Deux was also released in January 1996 in New Zealand, Dions 2007 album title, Delles, refers to Deux, being the specifically feminine version. The lead single, Pour que tu maimes encore, was released in Quebec and it was also issued in other selected countries in the next months. Pour que tu maimes encore was very successful in Francophone countries and it topped the chart in France for twelve weeks and in Wallonian Belgium for fifteen consecutive weeks. The song also reached number one in Quebec and stayed there for four weeks and it became the best-selling single of the year 1995 in both France and Wallonia. In France alone, Pour que tu maimes encore has sold one million copies. The song was successful in other countries, reaching the top ten in Belgium Flanders. Most notably, it peaked inside the top ten in the United Kingdom and Ireland. On the European Hot 100 Singles, Pour que tu maimes encore reached number four, the second single, Je sais pas, was released in Quebec in July 1995, in Belgium in August 1995 and in France in October 1995. It topped the charts in France, Wallonia and Quebec, on the European Hot 100 Singles, the song peaked at number seven. Je sais pas became one of the singles in France and Wallonia in 1995, reaching respectively numbers six
27.
S'il suffisait d'aimer
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Sil suffisait daimer is an album by Canadian singer Celine Dion, released on 7 September 1998. Its her 19th French album and 24th in total, Sil suffisait daimer is the second best-selling French-language album of all time, after Dions own Deux. The project reunited Dion and Jean-Jacques Goldman, who last worked together on the successful album Deux. In their first collaboration Goldman wrote songs for Dion, this time he wrote more in his own style, while letting Dion sing her own unique way, most of the arrangements on that album are simple to let her voice dominate the songs. During the francophone concerts in the Lets Talk About Love Tour, the concerts in Paris were recorded and released as Au cœur du stade in 1999. It was promoted by the video of Dion performing Dans un autre monde, in addition, video from behind the scenes of the recording session of Sil suffisait daimer was included as a bonus on the Au cœur du stade DVD. Some tracks from Sil suffisait daimer were featured on Dions 2005 greatest hits album On ne change pas. AllMusic said that fans will be pleased to hear Dions return, in a sense, to her roots, especially since the album is about as consistent as any of her albums, Sil suffisait daimer is the second, after Deux, best-selling French album of all time. It has sold over 4 million copies worldwide, including 2 million in Europe, Sil suffisait daimer has sold over 1,890,000 copies in France alone and was certified Diamond. In Canada, it has sold 500,000 copies and was certified 4x Platinum The album was certified Gold, Platinum and Multi-Platinum around the world, Sil suffisait daimer became the second, after Deux, French-language album to be certified Gold in the United Kingdom. In the United States, although a French-language release, it has sold 112,000 copies according to Nielsen SoundScan, Sil suffisait daimer topped the charts in Switzerland, France, Belgium Wallonia, and in Canada, Greece, Poland and on the European Top 100 Albums. It charted inside top 40 in many countries, including the United Kingdom. Sil suffisait daimer won a Juno Award for Best Selling Francophone Album and it was also nominated for the Victoires de la Musique in category Pop, Rock Album of the Year and Dion was nominated in category Female Artist of the Year
28.
1 fille & 4 types
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1 fille &4 types is the French-language album by Canadian singer Celine Dion, released by Columbia Records on 13 October 2003. It is her first new French studio album since 1998s Sil suffisait daimer,1 fille &4 types features thirteen songs written and arranged by Jean-Jacques Goldman, Erick Benzi, Jacques Veneruso and Gildas Arzel, and produced by Benzi. The first single from the album, Tout lor des hommes reached top ten in all Francophone countries, including one in Quebec. It was followed by Et je taime encore and Contre nature,1 fille &4 types received favorable reviews from music critics, some of whom noticed that it is a record that many Dion fans were hoping would arrive one day. On the commercial level, the album became a success. It topped the charts in Canada, France, Belgium Wallonia and Greece,1 fille &4 types was certified 2× Platinum in France, Platinum in Belgium and Switzerland, and Gold in Finland. After four days of rehearsals, Dion met with again in Las Vegas in May 2003. The songs were recorded between 2–11 May 2003, on 11 August 2003, Dions official website announced that the release of the new French album titled 1 fille &4 types was set for 13 October 2003 in Europe and 14 October 2003 in Canada. Dion worked on this project with 4 Guys only, Goldman, Benzi, Veneruso, Goldman, who wrote and produced the best-selling French-language albums of all time, Deux and Sil suffisait daimer, guided 1 fille &4 types as the artistic director. The first single, Tout lor des hommes was sent to radio on 27 August 2003 and it was written by Jacques Veneruso who wrote Dions 2001 number-one hit, Sous le vent. The behind the scenes from Tout lor des hommes video and making of the album was posted in the section on celinedion. com on 28 September 2003. 1 fille &4 types was also scheduled for release in the United States on 11 November 2003, in Japan on 17 December 2003, in Sweden on 9 February 2004 and in Spain on 19 April 2004. On 14 September 2003, the listing for the album containing twelve songs was posted on celinedion. com. On 23 September 2003, it was revealed that 1 fille &4 types will be released in three different versions. While the standard edition was available from all retailers, a Deluxe Edition with special photos, finally, the Limited Edition with a special 45-page booklet will be available in Frances Carrefour stores. After the album was released it turned out that it contains a hidden track, the songs were written and arranged by Jean-Jacques Goldman, Erick Benzi, Jacques Veneruso and Gildas Arzel, and produced by Benzi. Jean-Jacques Goldmans brother, J Kapler co-wrote Et je taime encore, Goldman, Benzi, Veneruso and Arzel also played instruments and sang lead and background vocals on the album. Et je taime encore is a French-language version of the song Je taime encore from One Heart which was released in March 2003, to promote the album, Dion taped a television special at The Colosseum at Caesars Palace in Las Vegas on 1 October 2003
29.
Pour que tu m'aimes encore
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Pour que tu maimes encore is the first hit single from album Deux by Celine Dion. It was released on 13 March 1995 in Francophone countries and in September 1995 in other European countries, in Canada it was a radio only release. The song was released in Japan in October 1996. According to Dion, herself, it is the biggest song of her French career, Dion also recorded the song in English as If Thats What it Takes which was featured on her 1996 album, Falling into You. Pour que tu maimes encore was written and produced by Jean-Jacques Goldman, the lyrics are sung from the viewpoint of a woman who is pleading with her ex-lover that she would do anything for him to love her again. The music video was directed by Michel Meyer and can be found on Dions DVD On ne change pas. Pour que tu maimes encore became a hit in France, where it topped the singles chart for 12 weeks, sold one million copies. It is currently the 107th best-selling single of all time in the country and it spent 15 weeks at the top in Belgium Wallonia and 4 weeks in Quebec. Pour que tu maimes encore also reached top 10 in the United Kingdom and Ireland, according to Virgin17, the single has sold more than 4,000,000 copies, worldwide. In Germany, Austria and Switzerland, Pour que tu maimes encore charted in 2011,2012 and 2013, the song received a Félix Award for Song of the Year, as well as an award from Trophée Radio France Internationale for Conseil Francophone de la Chanson. The song also won an award by the Victoires de la Musique for Best Song of the Year. The song was included in four of Dions live albums, Live à Paris, Au cœur du stade, Taking Chances World Tour, The Concert. The song was featured on three compilation albums including, The Collectors Series, Volume One, On ne change pas. Dion performed the five nights a week during her show A New Day. At Caesars Palace, Las Vegas, as well as during her 2008-09 Taking Chances World Tour and she also performed the song at Céline sur les Plaines, which was a concert for Quebec Citys 400th anniversary. In 2005, Dion recorded a version with 500 choristers for the album 500 Choristes avec. Dion also performed this song during her Summer Tour 2016, Pour que tu maimes encore was covered in 2000 by Elsa Lunghini, Liane Foly and Hélène Segara on the number-on album Les Enfoirés en 2000. Nigerian singer Funke Olayode recorded a Yoruba version re-entitled To ba J’oun To Gba in 2001 and it was also covered by the operatic pop group Il Divo in November 2005, on their second album Ancora
30.
Je sais pas
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Je sais pas is the second and last commercial single from album Deux by Celine Dion. It was released on 2 October 1995 in Francophone countries and in December 1995 in selected European countries, in Canada it was a radio-only release. Dion has stated that this is one of her favorites among her songs, Je sais pas was written and produced by Jean-Jacques Goldman and J. Kapler. Two music videos were made for song, a non-singing version. These music videos can be found on Dions DVD On ne change pas, edited versions of the non-singing video were also used for Next Plane Out and Call the Man singles. An English version of song, called I Dont Know was featured on Falling into You. Live version of Je sais pas from Live à Paris was also released as a single, the song was featured on Dions greatest hits compilation On ne change pas. The live version was a part of two albums, Live à Paris and Au cœur du stade, the former was also released as a single on 19 May 1997 in the Netherlands to promote the live album. Dion also performed it during the French concerts of her 2008-09 Taking Chances World Tour, the audio and footage of this performance was included in the French edition of Taking Chances World Tour, The Concert CD/DVD. In 2013, the song was performed for the Sans attendre Tour, Je sais pas was a smash hit in France, where it topped the singles chart for seven weeks, selling 510,000 copies. It was also number 1 in Belgium Wallonia and Quebec, the 1995 studio version peaked at number 34 in the Netherlands. The 1997 live version from Live à Paris reached number 78
31.
Falling into You
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Falling into You is the fourth English-language studio album by Canadian singer Celine Dion, released on 8 March 1996, by Columbia/Epic Records. The follow-up to her successful album The Colour of My Love and French-language Deux. Throughout the project, she collaborated with Jim Steinman, who wrote and produced Its All Coming Back to Me Now, several songs were produced by David Foster, including Diane Warrens Because You Loved Me. Generally, Dion worked with fourteen producers on Falling into You, Falling into You won many awards around the world, including Grammy Award for Album of the Year and Best Pop Album at the 39th annual ceremony, during which Dion performed live. In April 1997, she won three World Music Awards for Worlds Best Selling Artist of the Year, Worlds Best Selling Pop Artist of the Year. The album is on Rock and Roll Hall of Fames Definitive 200 list Falling into You became one of the albums in history. It topped the charts around the world, including one in the United States, Canada, United Kingdom, France, Australia. It became one of the albums of 1996 and 1997 in various countries. It was certified Diamond, Multi-Platinum, Platinum and Gold around the world, the album has sold eleven million copies in the US, over two million in the UK, and over one million in Germany, France, Canada and Australia. In Europe, it has sold nine million units. Five singles were released from the album in Europe, four in Australia, the major success came with the release of Because You Loved Me, theme from Up Close & Personal, Its All Coming Back to Me Now, and Eric Carmens All by Myself. Falling into You presented Dion at the height of her popularity, the singles also encompassed a variety of musical styles. Falling into You and River Deep, Mountain High made prominent use of percussion instruments and its All Coming Back to Me Now and All by Myself kept their soft-rock atmosphere, but were combined with the classical sound of the piano. The ballad, Because You Loved Me, written by Diane Warren, the album also includes English adaptations of songs from Deux, If Thats What It Takes, I Dont Know and Fly. Outside North America, Falling into You also features a cover of Carole Kings A Natural Woman, in Asia, the Japanese hit To Love You More was added as well. Dion worked on Falling into You with many producers, mainly with Jim Steinman, David Foster, Ric Wake, Jean-Jacques Goldman, Falling into You divided music critics. Billboard editor Paul Verna gave it a positive review and he called it a deep album that will solidify Dions reputation as one of the worlds true pop divas. Larry Flick, also from Billboard, spoke positively about Because You Loved Me and he wrote that Because You Loved Me is rife with grand romance, larger-than-life production, and a climax that is best described as the musical equivalent to 4th of July fireworks
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Let's Talk About Love
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Lets Talk About Love is the fifth English-language studio album by Canadian singer Celine Dion, released on 14 November 1997, by Columbia/Epic Records. The follow-up to her successful album Falling into You, Lets Talk About Love showed a further progression of Dions music. Lets Talk About Love includes Dions biggest hit, My Heart Will Go On, Lets Talk About Love and its songs won many awards around the world. My Heart Will Go On won the Grammy Award for Record of the Year, Best Female Pop Vocal Performance, Song of the Year and Best Song Written Specifically for a Motion Picture or Television. Lets Talk About Love was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album, Lets Talk About Love became one of the best-selling albums in history, with sales of over 31 million copies worldwide. It topped the charts around the world, including one in the United States, Canada, United Kingdom, France, Australia. It became one of the albums of 1997 and 1998 in various countries. It was certified Diamond, Multi-Platinum, Platinum and Gold around the world, various singles were released from the album, depending on the country. In addition to the success of My Heart Will Go On, other singles included Tell Him, Be the Man, The Reason, To Love You More, Immortality, Miles to Go. The Reason was co-written by Carole King and produced by George Martin, the most successful single from the album became the classically influenced ballad My Heart Will Go On, which was written by James Horner and Will Jennings. Serving as the theme for the 1997 blockbuster film Titanic, My Heart Will Go On topped the charts around the world. Tracks on Lets Talk About Love were produced mainly by, David Foster, Ric Wake, Walter Afanasieff, Humberto Gatica, sony Music Entertainment issued few different editions of Lets Talk About Love around the world. Lets Talk About Love divided music critics, Billboard editor Paul Verna gave it a positive review. Larry Flick, also from Billboard, spoke positively about Tell Him and he called Tell Him an event and wrote that two of pop musics best voices are united on a grand, wonderfully over-the-top ballad that will melt the heart of even the most jaded listener. He also called it an electrifying girlfriend anthem, Flick wrote about My Heart Will Go On that this song woos with romantic lyrics and a melancholy melody that is fleshed out with a weeping flute solo. He noted that Dion hit notes that shatter glass but she also build slowly and has the ability to pack volumes of emotion in a whisper. He noted that Falling into You established Dion as a superstar in America, so its sequel, as usual, the singles shine the most brilliantly, but even the filler is immaculately produced. David Browne from Entertainment Weekly gave the album a grade of C and he wrote that aiming for the widest possible audience, Lets Talk About Love is top-heavy with renowned duet partners, proven middle-of-the-road producers, and an obligatory remake
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