Jean Anne Carnahan was an American politician and writer who was the First Lady of Missouri from 1993 to 2000, and served as the state's junior United States senator from 2001 to 2002. A Democrat, she was appointed to fill the Senate seat of her husband Mel Carnahan, who had been posthumously elected after his death in October, becoming the first woman to represent Missouri in the U.S. Senate.

First Lady of Missouri is the honorary title attributed to the wife of the governor of Missouri. To date there have been no female governors of Missouri, and all the governors' spouses have been women. The first governor of Missouri was elected and took office in 1820, the year before Missouri was admitted to the Union as the 24th state.