James Claude Wright Jr. was an American politician who served as the 48th speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 1987 to 1989. He represented Texas' 12th congressional district as a Democrat from 1955 to 1989.

Texas's 12th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives is in the north portion of the state of Texas. As of 2017, the 12th district contained 806,551 people and had a median income of $67,703. It consists of the western half of Tarrant County, as well as most of Parker County. The district also contains Texas Christian University. Fragments of the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex are included in the district. The district is currently represented by Republican Kay Granger, who was first elected in 1996.