John Dalton
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John Dalton was an English chemist, physicist and meteorologist. He introduced the atomic theory into chemistry. He also researched colour blindness; as a result, the umbrella term for red-green congenital colour blindness disorders is Daltonism in several languages.
Historical plaque marking birthplace of John Dalton
Modern plaque marking birthplace of John Dalton
Thermal expansion
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Thermal expansion is the tendency of matter to change its shape, area, volume, and density in response to a change in temperature, usually not including phase transitions.
Lord Kelvin, the namesake of the unit of measure
Thermal expansion of long continuous sections of rail tracks is the driving force for rail buckling. This phenomenon resulted in 190 train derailments during 1998–2002 in the US alone.
Drinking glass with fracture due to uneven thermal expansion after pouring of hot liquid into the otherwise cool glass