John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich, PC, FRS was a British statesman who succeeded his grandfather Edward Montagu, 3rd Earl of Sandwich as the Earl of Sandwich in 1729, at the age of ten. He held various military and political offices, including Postmaster General, First Lord of the Admiralty, and Secretary of State for the Northern Department. He is also known for the claim that he was the inventor of the sandwich.
The Duke of Bedford was a long-standing patron of Sandwich, and his support helped him further his career. Portrait by Sir Joshua Reynolds.
In The State Tinkers (1780), James Gillray caricatured Sandwich (on left) and his political allies in the North government as incompetent tinkers.
Black-and-white reproduction of a pastel portrait of a lady of the Montagu family, possibly Dorothy, wife of the 4th Earl of Sandwich, or his sister Elizabeth Courtenay, by Francis Cotes RA, 1758.
Congress of Breda
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The Congress of Breda, also known as the Breda peace talks, were a series of bilateral negotiations between Great Britain and France, held in the Dutch city of Breda from 1746 to 1748. The discussions led to the agreement of terms that later became the basis of the 1748 Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle.
Breda Castle, used by the British delegation
French victory at Lauffeld in July 1747 ended British hopes of regaining Flanders
Second Cape Finisterre, October 1747; defeat forced France to suspend naval operations, putting their entire colonial empire in jeopardy