1.
Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania
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Huntingdon County is a county located in the U. S. state of Pennsylvania. As of the 2010 census, the population was 45,913, the county was created on September 20,1787, mainly from the north part of Bedford County with the addition of territory on the east from Cumberland County. Huntingdon County comprises the Huntingdon, PA Micropolitan Statistical Area, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 889 square miles, of which 875 square miles is land and 15 square miles is water. The population density was 52 people per square mile, there were 22,365 housing units at an average density of 24 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 92. 50% White,5. 21% Black or African American,0. 09% Native American,0. 40% Asian,0. 01% Pacific Islander,0. 87% from other races, and 0. 92% from two or more races. 1. 58% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,33. 9% were of German,17. 1% American,11. 1% Irish,7. 5% English and 5. 7% Italian ancestry according to Census 2000. 25. 80% of all households were made up of individuals and 12. 30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 2.92. In the county, the population was out with 21. 70% under the age of 18,10. 10% from 18 to 24,29. 40% from 25 to 44,24. 00% from 45 to 64. The median age was 38 years, for every 100 females there were 109.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 110.20 males, almost everyone that lives in Huntingdon County speaks English as their first language. The United States Office of Management and Budget has designated Huntingdon County as the Huntingdon, PA Micropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2010 U. S. Census the micropolitan area ranked 11th most populous in the State of Pennsylvania, duBois Business College, Huntingdon County campus, located in the former Huntingdon High School building in the borough of Huntingdon. U. S. Route 22 enters Huntingdon County from the west at the Blair County line in Morris Township near Alexandria and it exits Huntingdon County at the Mifflin County line in Brady Township near Mount Union. The following boroughs and townships are located in Huntingdon County, Allenport McConnellstown The population ranking of the table is based on the 2010 census of Huntingdon County. Hugh Brady, U. S. Army general C. L. com Community Events and Business Directory for Huntingdon County, Pa
2.
Business magnate
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A business magnate refers to an entrepreneur of great influence, importance, or standing in a particular enterprise or field of business. Such individuals may also be called czars, moguls, proprietors, tycoons, taipans, barons, the word magnate derives from the Latin magnates, meaning a great man or great nobleman. The word tycoon derives from the Japanese word taikun, which means great lord, the word entered the English language in 1857 with the return of Commodore Perry to the United States. U. S. President Abraham Lincoln was humorously referred to as the Tycoon by his aides John Nicolay, the term spread to the business community, where it has been used ever since. The word mogul is an English corruption of mughal, Persian or Arabic for Mongol and it alludes to emperors of the Mughal Empire in the Medieval India, who possessed great power and storied riches capable of producing wonders of opulence such as the Taj Mahal. Modern business magnates are entrepreneurs that amass on their own or wield substantial family fortunes in the process of building or running their own businesses and their dominance was known as the Second Industrial Revolution, the Gilded Age, or the Robber Baron Era. The Famous 15, Americas Most Fascinating Tycoons,25 Tycoons Who Run the World
3.
Lafayette, Indiana
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Lafayette is a city in and the county seat of Tippecanoe County, Indiana, United States, located 63 miles northwest of Indianapolis and 105 miles southeast of Chicago. West Lafayette, on the side of the Wabash River, is home to Purdue University. Together, Lafayette and West Lafayette form the core of the Lafayette, according to the 2010 United States Census, the population of Lafayette was 67,140, roughly a 19% increase from 56,397 in 2000. Meanwhile, the 2010 U. S. Census pegged the population of West Lafayette at 29,596. When European explorers arrived at the area around what is now Tippecanoe County, in 1717, the French government established Fort Ouiatenon across the Wabash River and three miles south of present-day Lafayette. The fort became the center of trade for fur trappers, merchants, an annual reenactment and festival known as Feast of the Hunters Moon takes place there each autumn. The town of Lafayette was platted in May 1825 by William Digby and it was designated as the county seat of the newly formed Tippecanoe County the following year. Like many frontier towns, Lafayette was named for General Lafayette, Lafayette toured the United States in 1824 and 1825. In its earliest days, Lafayette was a center on the Wabash River. By 1845, Ellsworth had purchased 93,000 acres of farmland in and around Lafayette, by 1847 Ellsworth was distributing broadsides looking for farmers to purchase his farmland. Ellsworth Street and Ellsworth Historic District are named for the real estate developer. The Wabash and Erie Canal in the 1840s stimulated trade and affirmed Lafayettes regional prominence, railroads arrived in the town in the 1850s, connecting it with other major markets. The Monon Railroad connected Lafayette with other sections of Indiana, wise hoped to reach New York, however, weather conditions forced the balloon down near Crawfordsville, Indiana, and the mail reached its final destination by train. In 1959, the U. S. Postal Service issued a 7¢ airmail stamp commemorating the centennial of the event, Lafayette is located at 40°24′38″N 86°52′29″W and lies in Fairfield and Wea Townships. Elevation at the house is 550 feet, but city elevations range from a little over 500 feet at the Wabash River to approximately 700 feet in the areas of Murdock Park. According to the 2010 census, Lafayette has an area of 27.74 square miles. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 1.58 inches in February to 4.24 inches in June, as of the census of 2010, there were 67,140 people,28,545 households, and 15,863 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,420.3 inhabitants per square mile, there were 31,260 housing units at an average density of 1,126.9 per square mile
4.
Purdue University
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Purdue University is a public research university located in West Lafayette, Indiana and is the main campus of the Purdue University system. The university was founded in 1869 after Lafayette businessman John Purdue donated land and money to establish a college of science, technology, the first classes were held on September 16,1874, with six instructors and 39 students. The main campus in West Lafayette offers more than 200 majors for undergraduates, over 70 master’s and doctoral programs, in addition, Purdue has 18 intercollegiate sports teams and more than 900 student organizations. In 1865, the Indiana General Assembly voted to take advantage of the Morrill Land-Grant Colleges Act of 1862, communities throughout the state offered their facilities and money to bid for the location of the new college. Popular proposals included the addition of a department at Indiana State University or at what is now Butler University. By 1869, Tippecanoe County’s offer included $150,000 from Lafayette business leader and philanthropist John Purdue, $50,000 from the county, and 100 acres of land from local residents. On May 6,1869, the General Assembly established the institution in Tippecanoe County as Purdue University, classes began at Purdue on September 16,1874, with six instructors and 39 students. Professor John S. Hougham was Purdue’s first faculty member and served as acting president between the administrations of presidents Shortridge and White, a campus of five buildings was completed by the end of 1874. Purdue issued its first degree, a Bachelor of Science in chemistry, in 1875, emerson E. White, the university’s president from 1876 to 1883, followed a strict interpretation of the Morrill Act. He intended not only to students for industrial work, but also to prepare them to be good citizens. Part of White’s plan to distinguish Purdue from classical universities included an attempt to ban fraternities. This ban was overturned by the Indiana Supreme Court and led to White’s resignation. The next president, James H. Smart, is remembered for his call in 1894 to rebuild the original Heavilon Hall one brick higher after it had destroyed by a fire. Purdue’s engineering laboratories included testing facilities for a locomotive and a Corliss steam engine, one of the most efficient engines of the time. The School of Agriculture was sharing its research with farmers throughout the state with its cooperative extension services, programs in education and home economics were soon established, as well as a short-lived school of medicine. By 1925 Purdue had the largest undergraduate engineering enrollment in the country, President Edward C. Elliott oversaw a campus building program between the world wars. Inventor, alumnus, and trustee David E. Ross coordinated several fundraisers, donated lands to the university, ross’s gifts and fundraisers supported such projects as Ross–Ade Stadium, the Memorial Union, a civil engineering surveying camp, and Purdue University Airport. Purdue Airport was the country’s first university-owned airport and the site of the country’s first college-credit flight training courses, amelia Earhart joined the Purdue faculty in 1935 as a consultant for these flight courses and as a counselor on women’s careers
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Ross County, Ohio
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Ross County is a county located in the Appalachian region of the U. S. state of Ohio. As of the 2010 census, the population was 78,064 and its county seat is Chillicothe, the first and third capital of Ohio. Established on August 20,1798, the county is named for Federalist Senator James Ross of Pennsylvania, Ross County comprises the Chillicothe, OH Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Columbus-Marion-Zanesville, OH Combined Statistical Area. They describe the Indian-built earthworks as ranging from five to 30 feet in size, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 693 square miles, of which 689 square miles is land and 3.8 square miles is water. Ross County is the second-largest county by area in Ohio, after Ashtabula County. The population density was 106 people per square mile, there were 29,461 housing units at an average density of 43 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 91. 74% White,6. 20% Black or African American,0. 31% Native American,0. 35% Asian,0. 02% Pacific Islander,0. 19% from other races, and 1. 20% from two or more races. 0. 58% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,24. 90% of all households were made up of individuals and 10. 30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the family size was 2.97. In the county, the population was out with 24. 00% under the age of 18,8. 60% from 18 to 24,31. 60% from 25 to 44,23. 60% from 45 to 64. The median age was 37 years, for every 100 females there were 108.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 109.00 males, the median income for a household in the county was $37,117, and the median income for a family was $43,241. Males had an income of $35,892 versus $23,399 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,569, about 9. 10% of families and 12. 00% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15. 10% of those under age 18 and 10. 20% of those age 65 or over. As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 78,064 people,28,919 households, the population density was 113.3 inhabitants per square mile. There were 32,148 housing units at a density of 46.6 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 90. 7% white,6. 2% black or African American,0. 4% Asian,0. 3% American Indian,0. 3% from other races, and 2. 1% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 1. 0% of the population, in terms of ancestry,27. 0% were German,15. 2% were Irish,12. 5% were American, and 10. 5% were English
6.
Adelphi, Ohio
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Adelphi is a village in Ross County, Ohio, United States. The population was 380 at the 2010 census, adelphi was laid out in 1804 by two brothers, and named after the Greek word for brothers. Adelphi was incorporated as a village in 1838, adelphi is located at 39°27′58″N 82°44′45″W. According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has an area of 0.27 square miles. As of the census of 2010, there were 380 people,154 households, the population density was 1,407.4 inhabitants per square mile. There were 175 housing units at a density of 648.1 per square mile. The racial makeup of the village was 95. 0% White,1. 6% African American,0. 3% Asian,29. 2% of all households were made up of individuals and 11. 6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the family size was 3.00. The median age in the village was 39 years. 26. 8% of residents were under the age of 18,6. 3% were between the ages of 18 and 24,25. 5% were from 25 to 44,26. 1% were from 45 to 64, and 15. 3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 51. 1% male and 48. 9% female, as of the census of 2000, there were 371 people,156 households, and 111 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,343.3 people per square mile, there were 176 housing units at an average density of 637.3 per square mile. The racial makeup of the village was 96. 23% White,2. 96% African American, hispanic or Latino of any race were 0. 54% of the population. 26. 3% of all households were made up of individuals and 12. 2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.83. In the village, the population was out with 22. 4% under the age of 18,9. 7% from 18 to 24,28. 8% from 25 to 44,25. 3% from 45 to 64. The median age was 38 years, for every 100 females there were 101.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.3 males, the median income for a household in the village was $33,125, and the median income for a family was $37,143. Males had an income of $30,250 versus $24,375 for females
7.
Westerville, Ohio
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Westerville is a city in Delaware and Franklin counties in the U. S. state of Ohio. It is a suburb of Columbus. The population was 36,120 at the 2010 census, Westerville was once known as The Dry Capital of the World for its strict laws prohibiting sales of alcohol. The land that is today Westerville was first settled around 1810, in 1818, Matthew, Peter, and William Westervelt, settlers of Dutch extraction, migrated to the area from New York. Matthew Westervelt donated land for the construction of a Methodist church in 1836, in 1839, the Blendon Young Men’s Seminary was chartered in Westerville, Matthew Westervelt was one of its first trustees. It continues today in Westerville as the private Otterbein University, Westerville was platted by 1856, and officially incorporated in August 1858. The towns population in that year was 275, throughout the Antebellum era, several homes in Westerville were stations on the Underground Railroad. Among these is the Hanby House, located one block from the college, benjamin Russell Hanby had moved to Westerville in 1849, at the age of sixteen, to enroll at Otterbein University. Hanby went on to many familiar hymns and songs, among them Darling Nelly Gray, Who is He in Yonder Stall. It is the state memorial to a composer in the state of Ohio. An 1859 town ordinance prohibited sales of alcohol in Westerville, by the 1870s, a burgeoning conflict between pro- and anti-temperance forces boiled over into the so-called Westerville Whiskey Wars. Twice, in 1875 and 1879, businessman Henry Corbin opened a saloon in Westerville, westervilles reputation for temperance was so significant that in 1909 the Anti-Saloon League moved its national headquarters from Washington, D. C. to Westerville. The League, at the forefront of the Prohibition movement, gained its greatest triumph when the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution was ratified in 1919. The Leagues Westerville headquarters was given to the Westerville Public Library in 1973, after Prohibition ended, Westerville remained dry for most of the twentieth century. Westerville retains the system to the present. The city elects seven members at large for four-year terms, the council selects from among its own a member to serve as mayor, vice mayor, chair. Under the City Charter, the mayor is only the head of the government of the city. The council additionally selects the city manager, who serves indefinitely, in 2007, David Collinsworth replaced David Lindimore as city manager after the latters tenure of twenty-two years
8.
Salt Rock Township, Marion County, Ohio
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Salt Rock Township is one of the fifteen townships of Marion County, Ohio, United States. The 2000 census found 699 people in the township,311 of whom lived in the portions of the township. It is the only Salt Rock Township statewide, the township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1. Two are elected in the year after the election and one is elected in the year before it. Vacancies in the fiscal officership or on the board of trustees are filled by the remaining trustees, john Purdue 1802-1876, born in Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania. He was a famous industrialist based in Lafayette, Indiana and the original benefactor of Purdue University
9.
Marion County, Ohio
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Marion County is a county located in the U. S. state of Ohio. As of the 2010 census, the population was 66,501, the county was created in 1820 and later organized in 1824. It is named for General Francis The Swamp Fox Marion, a South Carolinian officer in the Revolutionary War, Marion County comprises the Marion, OH Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Columbus-Marion-Zanesville, OH Combined Statistical Area. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 404 square miles. It is the fifth-smallest county in Ohio by total area, the population density was 164 people per square mile. There were 26,298 housing units at a density of 65 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 92. 10% White,5. 75% Black or African American,0. 19% Native American,0. 52% Asian,0. 01% Pacific Islander,0. 49% from other races, and 0. 95% from two or more races. 1. 09% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,25. 10% of all households were made up of individuals and 10. 90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the family size was 2.98. In the county, the population was out with 24. 50% under the age of 18,8. 30% from 18 to 24,30. 30% from 25 to 44,23. 50% from 45 to 64. The median age was 37 years, for every 100 females there were 106.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 107.10 males, the median income for a household in the county was $38,709, and the median income for a family was $45,297. Males had an income of $33,179 versus $23,586 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,255, about 7. 40% of families and 9. 70% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13. 60% of those under age 18 and 5. 50% of those age 65 or over. As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 66,501 people,24,691 households, the population density was 164.7 inhabitants per square mile. There were 27,834 housing units at a density of 68.9 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 91. 1% white,5. 7% black or African American,0. 5% Asian,0. 2% American Indian,0. 1% Pacific islander,0. 8% from other races, and 1. 7% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 2. 3% of the population, in terms of ancestry,29. 7% were German,15. 2% were Irish,14. 7% were American, and 10. 2% were English
10.
Columbus, Ohio
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Columbus is the capital and largest city of the U. S. state of Ohio. It is the 15th-largest city in the United States, with a population of 850,106 as of 2015 estimates and this makes Columbus the fourth-most populous state capital in the United States, and the third-largest city in the Midwestern United States. It is the city of the Columbus, Ohio, Metropolitan Statistical Area. With a population of 2,021,632, it is Ohios third-largest metropolitan area, Columbus is the county seat of Franklin County. The city proper has also expanded and annexed portions of adjoining Delaware County, named for explorer Christopher Columbus, the city was founded in 1812 at the confluence of the Scioto and Olentangy rivers, and assumed the functions of state capital in 1816. As of 2013, the city has the headquarters of five corporations in the U. S, fortune 500, Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company, American Electric Power, L Brands, Big Lots, and Cardinal Health. In 2012, Columbus was ranked in BusinessWeeks 50 best cities in America. In 2013, Forbes gave Columbus an A rating as one of the top cities for business in the U. S. and later that included the city on its list of Best Places for Business. Columbus was also ranked as the No.1 up-and-coming tech city in the nation by Forbes in 2008, and the city was ranked a top-ten city by Relocate America in 2010. In 2007, fDi Magazine ranked the city no.3 in the U. S. for cities of the future, and the Columbus Zoo and Aquarium was rated no.1 in 2009 by USA Travel Guide. The area including modern-day Columbus once comprised the Ohio Country, under the control of the French colonial empire through the Viceroyalty of New France from 1663 until 1763. In the 18th century, European traders flocked to the area, the area found itself frequently caught between warring factions, including American Indian and European interests. In the 1740s, Pennsylvania traders overran the territory until the French forcibly evicted them, in the early 1750s, the Ohio Company sent George Washington to the Ohio Country to survey. Fighting for control of the territory in the French and Indian War became part of the international Seven Years War, during this period, the region routinely suffered turmoil, massacres, and battles. The 1763 Treaty of Paris ceded the Ohio Country to the British Empire, after the American Revolution, the Ohio Country became part of the Virginia Military District, under the control of the United States. Colonists from the East Coast moved in, but rather finding a empty frontier, they encountered people of the Miami, Delaware, Wyandot, Shawnee. The tribes resisted expansion by the fledgling United States, leading to years of bitter conflict, the decisive Battle of Fallen Timbers resulted in the Treaty of Greenville, which finally opened the way for new settlements. By 1797, a surveyor from Virginia named Lucas Sullivant had founded a permanent settlement on the west bank of the forks of the Scioto River
11.
Indianapolis
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Indianapolis, is the capital and largest city of the U. S. state of Indiana and the seat of Marion County. It is in the East North Central region of the Midwestern United States, with an estimated population of 853,173 in 2015, Indianapolis is the second most populous city in the Midwest, after Chicago, and 14th largest in the U. S. The city is the economic and cultural center of the Indianapolis metropolitan area, home to 2 million people and its combined statistical area ranks 26th, with 2.4 million inhabitants. Indianapolis covers 372 square miles, making it the 16th largest city by area in the U. S. The city grew beyond the Mile Square, as completion of the National Road and advent of the railroad solidified the position as a manufacturing. Indianapolis is within a single-day drive of 70 percent of the nations population, Indianapolis has developed niche markets in amateur sports and auto racing. The city is perhaps best known for hosting the worlds largest single-day sporting event. The city is notable as headquarters for the American Legion and home to a significant collection of monuments dedicated to veterans and war dead, the most in the U. S. outside of Washington, D. C. Since the 1970 city-county consolidation, known as Unigov, local government administration has operated under the direction of an elected 25-member city-county council, Indianapolis is considered a high sufficiency global city. In 1816, the year Indiana gained statehood, the U. S. Congress donated four sections of land to establish a permanent seat of state government. Two years later, under the Treaty of St. Marys and this tract of land, which was called the New Purchase, included the site selected for the new state capital in 1820. The availability of new lands for purchase in central Indiana attracted settlers. Although many of these first European and American setters were Protestants, few African Americans lived in central Indiana before 1840. The first European Americans to permanently settle in the area that became Indianapolis were either the McCormick or Pogue families, on January 11,1820, the Indiana General Assembly authorized a committee to select a site in central Indiana for the new state capital. The state legislature approved the site, adopting the name Indianapolis on January 6,1821, in April, Alexander Ralston and Elias Pym Fordham were appointed to survey and design a town plan for the new settlement. Indianapolis became a seat of county government on December 31,1821, a combined county and town government continued until 1832, when Indianapolis incorporated as a town. Indianapolis became an incorporated city effective March 30,1847, Samuel Henderson, the citys first mayor, led the new city government, which included a seven-member city council. In 1853, voters approved a new city charter provided for an elected mayor
12.
Stockwell, Indiana
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Stockwell, originally named Lauramie, is a census-designated place in Lauramie Township, Tippecanoe County, in the U. S. state of Indiana. It was once a stop along the Indianapolis, Cincinnati and Lafayette Railroad, the community is part of the Lafayette, Indiana Metropolitan Statistical Area. An old variant name of the community was called Bakers Corner, a post office was established under the name Bakers Corner in 1853, and was renamed to Stockwell in 1859. It is still currently in operation, Stockwell is located at 40°17′10″ N, 86°46′16″ W at an elevation of 776 feet. The town sits near a bend in Lauramie Creek in Lauramie Township, Stockwell had a population of 545 at the 2010 census
13.
American Civil War
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The American Civil War was an internal conflict fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865. The Union faced secessionists in eleven Southern states grouped together as the Confederate States of America, the Union won the war, which remains the bloodiest in U. S. history. Among the 34 U. S. states in February 1861, War broke out in April 1861 when Confederates attacked the U. S. fortress of Fort Sumter. The Confederacy grew to eleven states, it claimed two more states, the Indian Territory, and the southern portions of the western territories of Arizona. The Confederacy was never recognized by the United States government nor by any foreign country. The states that remained loyal, including border states where slavery was legal, were known as the Union or the North, the war ended with the surrender of all the Confederate armies and the dissolution of the Confederate government in the spring of 1865. The war had its origin in the issue of slavery. The Confederacy collapsed and 4 million slaves were freed, but before his inauguration, seven slave states with cotton-based economies formed the Confederacy. The first six to declare secession had the highest proportions of slaves in their populations, the first seven with state legislatures to resolve for secession included split majorities for unionists Douglas and Bell in Georgia with 51% and Louisiana with 55%. Alabama had voted 46% for those unionists, Mississippi with 40%, Florida with 38%, Texas with 25%, of these, only Texas held a referendum on secession. Eight remaining slave states continued to reject calls for secession, outgoing Democratic President James Buchanan and the incoming Republicans rejected secession as illegal. Lincolns March 4,1861 inaugural address declared that his administration would not initiate a civil war, speaking directly to the Southern States, he reaffirmed, I have no purpose, directly or indirectly to interfere with the institution of slavery in the United States where it exists. I believe I have no right to do so, and I have no inclination to do so. After Confederate forces seized numerous federal forts within territory claimed by the Confederacy, efforts at compromise failed, the Confederates assumed that European countries were so dependent on King Cotton that they would intervene, but none did, and none recognized the new Confederate States of America. Hostilities began on April 12,1861, when Confederate forces fired upon Fort Sumter, while in the Western Theater the Union made significant permanent gains, in the Eastern Theater, the battle was inconclusive in 1861–62. The autumn 1862 Confederate campaigns into Maryland and Kentucky failed, dissuading British intervention, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, which made ending slavery a war goal. To the west, by summer 1862 the Union destroyed the Confederate river navy, then much of their western armies, the 1863 Union siege of Vicksburg split the Confederacy in two at the Mississippi River. In 1863, Robert E. Lees Confederate incursion north ended at the Battle of Gettysburg, Western successes led to Ulysses S. Grants command of all Union armies in 1864
14.
Warren County, Indiana
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Warren County lies in western Indiana between the Illinois state line and the Wabash River in the United States. According to the 2010 census, the population was 8,508, before the arrival of non-indigenous settlers in the early 19th century, the area was inhabited by several Native American tribes. The county was established in 1827 and was the 55th county to be formed in Indiana. It is one of the most rural counties in the state, with the third-smallest population, the county has four incorporated towns with a total population of about 3,100, as well as many small unincorporated communities. The county is divided into 12 townships which provide local services, much of the land in the county is given over to agriculture, especially on the open prairie in the northern and western parts, the countys farmland is among the most productive in the state. Nearer the river along the border, the land has many hills, valleys. Agriculture, manufacturing, government, education, and health care each provide substantial portions of the jobs in the county, four Indiana state roads cross the county, as do two U. S. Routes and one railroad line. In the centuries before the arrival of European settlers, the area that became Warren County was on the boundary between the Miami and Kickapoo tribes. By the late 18th century, many Miami had moved further south, the first non-indigenous settler in the area was probably Zachariah Cicott, a French-Canadian who first traded with the Kickapoo and Potawatomi people around 1802. Other settlers came to the area, but probably not until around 1822, the county was established on March 1,1827, by the Indiana General Assembly. It was named for Dr. Joseph Warren, who was killed in 1775 at the Battle of Bunker Hill, the first county courthouse was a log house in Warrenton that belonged to Enoch Farmer, one of the countys earliest settlers. When the county moved to Williamsport, a log house belonging to the towns founder, William Harrison. The first purpose-built courthouse was completed in 1835 at a cost of $2,000, in 1872, the third courthouse was built in 1886, in a new section of town that grew around the newly constructed railroad. That building burned in 1907, and the fourth and current Warren County courthouse was completed on the site in 1908 at a cost of $115,000. As the 19th century progressed, the United States governments Indian removal policy pushed Native American tribes west of the Mississippi River. In what came to be known as the Potawatomi Trail of Death, on September 14,1838, the group camped near Williamsport, and on September 15 they camped in the southwestern part of the county before moving into Illinois. Before reaching their destination in Kansas, over 40 of them had died, many of them children, when the county was established, the Wabash River was vital to transportation and shipping
15.
Freemasonry
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The degrees of freemasonry retain the three grades of medieval craft guilds, those of Apprentice, Journeyman or fellow, and Master Mason. These are the degrees offered by Craft Freemasonry, members of these organisations are known as Freemasons or Masons. There are additional degrees, which vary with locality and jurisdiction, the basic, local organisational unit of Freemasonry is the Lodge. The Lodges are usually supervised and governed at the level by a Grand Lodge or Grand Orient. There is no international, worldwide Grand Lodge that supervises all of Freemasonry, each Grand Lodge is independent, modern Freemasonry broadly consists of two main recognition groups. Continental Freemasonry is now the term for the liberal jurisdictions who have removed some, or all. The Masonic Lodge is the organisational unit of Freemasonry. The Lodge meets regularly to conduct the formal business of any small organisation. In addition to business, the meeting may perform a ceremony to confer a Masonic degree or receive a lecture, at the conclusion of the meeting, the Lodge might adjourn for a formal dinner, or festive board, sometimes involving toasting and song. The bulk of Masonic ritual consists of degree ceremonies, candidates for Freemasonry are progressively initiated into Freemasonry, first in the degree of Entered Apprentice. Some time later, in a ceremony, they will be passed to the degree of Fellowcraft. In all of ceremonies, the candidate is entrusted with passwords, signs. Another ceremony is the installation of the Master and officers of the Lodge. In some jurisdictions Installed Master is valued as a separate rank, in other jurisdictions, the grade is not recognised, and no inner ceremony conveys new secrets during the installation of a new Master of the Lodge. Most Lodges have some sort of calendar, allowing Masons. Often coupled with events is the obligation placed on every Mason to contribute to charity. This occurs at both Lodge and Grand Lodge level, Masonic charities contribute to many fields from education to disaster relief. These private local Lodges form the backbone of Freemasonry, and a Freemason will necessarily have been initiated into one of these, there also exist specialist Lodges where Masons meet to celebrate anything from sport to Masonic research
16.
Godlove Stein Orth
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Godlove Stein Orth was a United States Congressman from Indiana and acting-Lieutenant Governor of Indiana. Of German ancestry, he was born near Lebanon, Lebanon County and he attended Pennsylvania College at Gettysburg for about one year and then studied law with the office of James Cooper. He entered the bar in 1839 and his political career started with public speeches in 1840 supporting William Henry Harrison for president. He started as a Whig but as that party collapsed, he looked elsewhere, for a time he was the Indiana leader of the Know-Nothings and later aligned himself with the Republican Party. He served in the Indiana Senate 1843-1849, acting-Lieutenant Governor of Indiana 1845, U. S. House representative from Indiana 1863-1871 from 1873 to 1875 and he has a good head, well stocked with information and experience, and is no fool. Those jealousies and factional feuds nearly prevented his re-election in 1866, survival therefore took assiduous cultivation of his constituents. When he sent out public documents and books, or speeches from other House members, he would mail them to names on the first list, naturally, he had a hearty appreciation of the franking system, as a way of not having to pay the postage costs. Orth therefore made a reliable second-string leader for the House Republicans in the late 1860s, a Chicago Tribune correspondent described him as as good a man as can be found, without prejudice, without notions, without fixed ideas upon any question. He is one of men, who, upon large, general irresponsible principles are always right, but who are unpronounced upon little, local. That was not meant in criticism, the reporter thought him one of the most law-observing, conservative, after his retirement from the House, Orth was appointed Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Austria. He resigned in the spring of 1876, having been nominated in February for governor by the Republican party. Members of the reform wing distrusted Orth automatically, because he stood well with Senator Oliver Mortons political machine, on August 2, Orth withdrew as candidate for governor, and was replaced by Benjamin Harrison. Orth was married twice, and had a daughter and two sons and he died in office in December 1882, just after losing a re-election bid to Thomas B. Ward, in Lafayette, Indiana and is interred at Greenbush Cemetery in that city, biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved on 2008-10-30 Godlove Stein Orth
17.
Republican Party (United States)
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The Republican Party, commonly referred to as the GOP, is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, the other being its historic rival, the Democratic Party. The party is named after republicanism, the dominant value during the American Revolution and it was founded by anti-slavery activists, modernists, ex-Whigs, and ex-Free Soilers in 1854. The Republicans dominated politics nationally and in the majority of northern States for most of the period between 1860 and 1932, there have been 19 Republican presidents, the most from any one party. The Republican Partys current ideology is American conservatism, which contrasts with the Democrats more progressive platform, further, its platform involves support for free market capitalism, free enterprise, fiscal conservatism, a strong national defense, deregulation, and restrictions on labor unions. In addition to advocating for economic policies, the Republican Party is socially conservative. As of 2017, the GOP is documented as being at its strongest position politically since 1928, in addition to holding the Presidency, the Republicans control the 115th United States Congress, having majorities in both the House of Representatives and the Senate. The party also holds a majority of governorships and state legislatures, the main cause was opposition to the Kansas–Nebraska Act, which repealed the Missouri Compromise by which slavery was kept out of Kansas. The Northern Republicans saw the expansion of slavery as a great evil, the first public meeting of the general anti-Nebraska movement where the name Republican was suggested for a new anti-slavery party was held on March 20,1854, in a schoolhouse in Ripon, Wisconsin. The name was chosen to pay homage to Thomas Jeffersons Republican Party. The first official party convention was held on July 6,1854, in Jackson and it oversaw the preserving of the union, the end of slavery, and the provision of equal rights to all men in the American Civil War and Reconstruction, 1861–1877. The Republicans initial base was in the Northeast and the upper Midwest, with the realignment of parties and voters in the Third Party System, the strong run of John C. Fremont in the 1856 United States presidential election demonstrated it dominated most northern states, early Republican ideology was reflected in the 1856 slogan free labor, free land, free men, which had been coined by Salmon P. Chase, a Senator from Ohio. Free labor referred to the Republican opposition to labor and belief in independent artisans. Free land referred to Republican opposition to the system whereby slaveowners could buy up all the good farm land. The Party strove to contain the expansion of slavery, which would cause the collapse of the slave power, Lincoln, representing the fast-growing western states, won the Republican nomination in 1860 and subsequently won the presidency. The party took on the mission of preserving the Union, and destroying slavery during the American Civil War, in the election of 1864, it united with War Democrats to nominate Lincoln on the National Union Party ticket. The partys success created factionalism within the party in the 1870s and those who felt that Reconstruction had been accomplished and was continued mostly to promote the large-scale corruption tolerated by President Ulysses S. Grant ran Horace Greeley for the presidency. The Stalwarts defended Grant and the system, the Half-Breeds led by Chester A. Arthur pushed for reform of the civil service in 1883
18.
Morrill Land-Grant Acts
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The Morrill Land-Grant Acts are United States statutes that allowed for the creation of land-grant colleges in U. S. states using the proceeds of federal land sales. The Morrill Act of 1862 was enacted during the American Civil War, for 20 years prior to the first introduction of the bill in 1857, there was a political movement calling for the creation of agriculture colleges. The movement was led by Professor Jonathan Baldwin Turner of Illinois College, for example, the Michigan Constitution of 1850 called for the creation of an agricultural school, though it was not until February 12,1855, that Michigan Governor Kinsley S. Unlike the Turner Plan, which provided a grant to each state. This was more advantageous to the populous eastern states. The Morrill Act was first proposed in 1857, and was passed by Congress in 1859, in 1861, Morrill resubmitted the act with the amendment that the proposed institutions would teach military tactics as well as engineering and agriculture. Aided by the secession of states that did not support the plans. The previous day Lincoln signed a bill financing the railroad with land grants. Less than two months earlier he signed the Homestead Act encouraging western settlement, together these actions, taken at a time when the Union Army was poorly performing, did much to define post-Civil War America. Under the act, each state received a total of 30,000 acres of federal land, either within or contiguous to its boundaries. This land, or the proceeds from its sale, was to be used toward establishing and funding the educational institutions described above. After the war, however, the 1862 Act was extended to the former Confederate states, it was extended to every state and territory. 8 On September 11,1862, the state of Iowa was the first to accept the terms of the Morrill Act which provided the funding boost needed for the fledgling State Agricultural College and Model Farm. The first land-grant institution actually created under the Act was Kansas State University, which was established on February 16,1863, before the Civil War American engineers were mostly educated at West Point. While the Congressional debate associated with the Morrill Act was largely focused on benefits to agriculture, after the Civil War, as the German University model began to replace the English College, with the encouragement of the Morrill Act the engineering discipline was gradually defined. Because the Morrill Act excluded spending on buildings, engineering specific infrastructure such as textbooks, in 1866 there were around 300 American men with engineering degrees and six reputable colleges granting them. By 1911 the United States was graduating 3000 engineers a year, the Morrill Act coincided with the establishment of engineering in the American university. With a few exceptions, nearly all of the Land-Grant Colleges are public, to maintain their status as land-grant colleges, a number of programs are required to be maintained by the college
19.
Indiana University Bloomington
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Indiana University Bloomington is a public research university located in Bloomington, Indiana, United States. With over 48,000 students, IU Bloomington is the institution of the Indiana University system. As of Fall 2015,48,514 students attend Indiana University, while 55. 2% of the student body was from Indiana, students from 49 of the 50 states, Washington D. C. and 165 foreign nations were also enrolled. The university is home to a student life program, with more than 750 student organizations on campus. Indiana athletic teams compete in Division I of the NCAA and are known as the Indiana Hoosiers, the university is a member of the Big Ten Conference. Among IU Bloomington’s many graduate-level programs are the Kelley School of Business, School of Education, School of Public and Environmental Affairs, indiana’s law school has a program with a first-year team-based approach, a diversion from the typical legal education. In terms of academics and other criteria, IU Bloomington ranks in top 100 national universities in the United States and the top 50 public universities in the country. The schools sports teams are notorious competitors in the NCAA Division I Big Ten Conference, there are more than 650 student organizations on campus, and more than 5,000 students go Greek in the school’s large community of fraternities and sororities. Indianas state government in Corydon established Indiana University on January 20,1820, construction began in 1822 at what is now called Seminary Square Park near the intersection of Second Street and College Avenue. The first professor was Baynard Rush Hall, a Presbyterian minister who taught all of the classes in 1825–27, in the first year, he taught twelve students and was paid $250. Hall was a classicist who focused on Greek and Latin and believed that the study of classical philosophy, the first class graduated in 1830. From 1820 to 1889 a legal-political battle was fought between IU and Vincennes University as to which was the state university. In 1829, Andrew Wylie became the first president, serving until his death in 1851, the schools name was changed to Indiana College in 1829, and to Indiana University in 1839. Wylie and David Maxwell, president of the board of trustees, were devout Presbyterians and they spoke of the nonsectarian status of the school but generally hired fellow Presbyterians. Presidents and professors were expected to set an example for their charges. After six ministers in a row, the first non-clergyman to become president was the young biology professor David Starr Jordan, Jordan followed Baptist theologian Lemuel Moss, who resigned after a scandal broke regarding his involvement with a female professor. Jordan improved the finances and public image, doubled its enrollment. Jordan became president of Stanford University in June 1891, growth of the college was slow
20.
Butler University
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Butler University is a private university in Indianapolis, Indiana. It comprises a 295-acre campus located five miles from downtown Indianapolis. On January 15,1850, the Indiana State legislature adopted Ovid Butlers proposed charter for a new Christian university in Indianapolis, attorney and university founder Ovid Butler provided the property. In 1930, Butler merged with the Teachers College of Indianapolis, founded by Eliza Blaker, the Jordan College of Fine Arts, the universitys fifth college, was established in 1951, following a merger with the Arthur Jordan Conservatory of Music. Butlers School of Religion, established in 1924, became independent in 1958 and is known as the Christian Theological Seminary. Butler University was founded by members of the Christian Church, though it was never controlled by the church, the university charter called for a non-sectarian institution free from the taint of slavery, offering instruction in every branch of liberal and professional education. The university was the first in Indiana and the third in the U. S. to admit men and women. Butler was the first university in the United States to endow a chair designated specifically for a woman, catharine Merrill, the first person to hold the chair, became the second woman to be named a professor in an American university. The university established the first professorship in English literature and the first Department of English in the state of Indiana, the original location of the school was 13th Street and College Avenue on the near-northside of Indianapolis. The campus consisted of buildings, including an observatory, most of which were demolished in 1939. Enrollment at Butler increased following the end of World War I, the new and current campus, designed in-part by noted architect George Sheridan, was formed on the site of Fairview Park, a former amusement park on the citys northwest side. Classes began on the campus in 1928, the first building on the Fairview campus was Arthur Jordan Memorial Hall, designed by Robert Frost Daggett and Thomas Hibben. Also, in 1928, the Butler Fieldhouse was completed after being designed by architect Fermor Spencer Cannon, the building remained the largest indoor sports facility in the United States until the mid-1960s. The Religion Building and Sweeney Chapel were completed in 1942 and these structures, designed by Burns and James, were remodeled into Robertson Hall in 1966. The building now serves as the alumni and admissions offices. Following World War II, construction began on the student center and this building was remodeled in 1993 and includes an on-campus Starbucks. McGuire and Shook also designed Ross Hall, a dormitory originally designed for men but is now coed, and Schwitzer Hall, art Lindbergh, with help from Daggett, designed the Holcomb Observatory and Planetarium, which was dedicated in 1955. This building houses Indianas largest telescope, acclaimed architect Minoru Yamasaki, who designed the World Trade Center, designed Irwin Library which opened in 1963 and serves as the universitys main library
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Albert Smith White
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Albert Smith White was a U. S. Senator and Representative from the state of Indiana, White was born in Orange County, New York. He graduated from Union College in Schenectady in 1822, after which he studied law, after a time he moved to Lafayette, Indiana, where he worked as the assistant clerk of the Indiana House of Representatives from 1831–32, moving up to the full clerkship in 1832-35. He also ran for the House in 1832, but was defeated,1836 proved a more successful year for White, he served as a presidential elector on the Whig ticket, and was himself elected as a Whig to the 25th Congress. After a single term in the House, White ran for the Senate in the 1838 election, White won election to the Senate, where he served as chairman of two committees, the Committee to Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses, and the Committee on Indian Affairs. White declined to stand for reelection, in the 1860 election, he re-entered politics, running as a Republican for the House. White was elected to the House again, serving from March 4,1861 – March 3,1863 and he was a member of the select committee on emancipation. After his first term, he again did not run for reelection, after White left the House, President Abraham Lincoln named him a member of a commission that would judge claims from citizens against the government for not protecting them from Indian attacks. After his service there, he was made a judge on the U. S. District Court for Indiana and he served in this capacity until his death in Stockwell in 1864, when he was interred in Greenbush Cemetery in Lafayette. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, retrieved on 2009-03-21 Albert Smith White
22.
Indiana State University
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Indiana State University is a public university located in Terre Haute, Indiana, United States. It is an independent public university founded in 1865 that offers over 100 majors, the university has a broad range of graduate offerings in a number of fields. Indiana State is classified by the a Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education as a Doctoral/Research University, both the Princeton Review and US News have ranked the Scott College of Business as one of the top business schools for its class. It is a member of the College Consortium of Western Indiana, Indiana State University was established by the Indiana General Assembly on December 20,1865, as the Indiana State Normal School in Terre Haute. As the State Normal School, its mission was to educate elementary. The school awarded its first baccalaureate degrees in 1908 and the first masters degrees in 1928, in 1929, the Indiana State Normal School was renamed the Indiana State Teachers College, and in 1961, was renamed Indiana State College due to an expanding mission. In 1965, the Indiana General Assembly renamed the college as Indiana State University in recognition of continued growth, the Indiana State University main campus is located on the north side of Terre Haute’s downtown business district and covers more than 200 acres in the heart of the city. Over 60 brick and limestone buildings and laboratories comprise the main campus, in 2009, the university dedicated a more than 109, 000-square-foot Student Recreation Center, financed via private funding and student fees. Also in 2009, the College of Education was relocated to the newly renovated, the Scott College of Business has relocated to the renovated former Terre Haute Federal Building, a classic Art Deco building erected in 1933. The Indiana State University field campus is a teaching, learning. The field campus is located on 93 acres approximately 18 miles east of Terre Haute near Brazil, Indiana, Fairbanks Hall serves as both a working art studio as well as gallery space for the art department of Indiana State University. Originally built as a Terre Haute public library in 1903-06, it is an example of Beaux-Arts architecture. In 1903, Mr. Fairbanks offered to construct a new library on a site the city would provide. Terre Haute acquired a parcel of land at Seventh and Eagle Streets by May 5,1903, on August 10,1904, the cornerstone was placed. The informal opening and dedication of the building was April 29,1906. On Saturday, August 11,1906, a ceremony to open the building to the public was held, the following Monday. As part of the new Indiana State Master Plan, Fairbanks Hall will receive a comprehensive study to determine a new use of the space and it is a historically significant structure and will continue to be used by the University. Architect, W. H. Floyd and C. E, Normal Hall served as the university library until ‘Cunningham Memorial Library’ was built in 1974 and named in honor of Indiana State’s first Librarian, Mr. Arthur Cunningham
23.
Battle Ground, Indiana
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Battle Ground is a town in Tippecanoe Township, Tippecanoe County in the U. S. state of Indiana. The population was 1,334 at the 2010 census and it is near the site of the Battle of Tippecanoe. Battle Ground is part of the Lafayette, Indiana, Metropolitan Statistical Area, with their community of Prophetstown as his objective, General Harrison marched from Vincennes, Indiana, at the head of a small army of about one thousand men. General Harrison met with representatives of the Prophet on November 6,1811 and he presented demands in the name of his government. General Harrison was to meet with the Prophet and his council the next day about the demands of the government, General Harrison set up his encampment on a ridge about a mile northwest of Prophet’s Town. On the morning of November 7,1811, after 4 o’clock AM, after a fierce battle, General Harrison and his army defeated the Prophet’s Indian confederation at the Battle of Tippecanoe. This defeat all but ended the Indian wars in the Midwest, Battle Ground was consolidated in 1867 with the Town of Harrisonville. The governments of both towns decided to name the consolidation Battle Ground, the Town of Battle Ground was named for the Battle of Tippecanoe and the Town of Harrisonville was named after William Henry Harrison, commander of the American forces of the Battle of Tippecanoe. The Tippecanoe battlefield monument was erected in 1908 and dedicated to the men who served and were killed in the Battle of Tippecanoe, the Tippecanoe Battlefield has been designated a National Historic Landmark. It includes a museum and recreation area, the Battle of Tippecanoe Outdoor Drama premiered at a nearby amphitheater in Battle Ground in 1989 and played for two summers. The Battle Ground post office has been in operation since 1835, Battle Ground Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985. Battle Ground is located at 40°30′36″N 86°50′18″W in Tippecanoe Township, one and its elevation is approximately 585 feet. The small Harrison Creek begins near Battle Ground and flows east, while Burnett Creek skirts the western edge. According to the 2010 census, Battle Ground has an area of 0.86 square miles. As of the census of 2010, there were 1,334 people,500 households, the population density was 1,533.3 inhabitants per square mile. There were 530 housing units at a density of 609.2 per square mile. The racial makeup of the town was 98. 2% White,0. 2% African American,0. 1% Native American,0. 2% Asian,0. 7% from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 2. 1% of the population. 22. 2% of all households were made up of individuals and 5. 6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.67 and the average family size was 3.09
24.
Purdue University system
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Purdue University is a public university system in the U. S. state of Indiana. A land-grant university, its campus is in West Lafayette. The main campus of Purdue University is noted for its engineering, agriculture, and business programs, which consistently rank among the best in the country. Purdue University’s main and largest campus is located in West Lafayette and this main campus anchors the Purdue system statewide, which comprises regional campuses, satellite technology-training centers, and county agricultural extension offices. Purdue University formerly operated two campuses, Purdue Calumet in Hammond and Purdue North Central near Westville. In 2016 Purdue combined the curriculum for its two campuses and now house it under one name, Purdue University Northwest. PNW runs two campuses in Northwest Indiana, Purdue also jointly operates three campuses with Indiana University, IPFW in Fort Wayne, IUPUI in Indianapolis, and IUPUC in Columbus. Of these joint campuses, two are semi-autonomous and degree-granting in over 175 programs each, IPFW and IUPUI, iU-PU Columbus is a regional campus, similar to Purdue Northwest, but administered through IUPUI. Purdue Polytechnic Institute operates eight satellite learning centers across Indiana, degree programs at each location are regionally determined by current and projected workforce needs within the region. These technology centers throughout Indiana are in Anderson, Columbus, Kokomo, Lafayette, New Albany, Richmond, Vincennes and these locations offer certificate, associate, and/or bachelors degrees, some of which are ABET-accredited technical degrees. In conjunction with the state of Indiana, Purdue University operates one cooperative extension office in each of the 92 counties comprising Indiana, each of these cooperative extension offices provides information and analysis for farmers, agricultural-industry employees, gardeners, naturalists, and homeowners. Cooperative Extension also includes development, family and consumer sciences. In 1869, it was decided that the college would be founded near the city of Lafayette and established as Purdue University, classes first began at the Purdue main campus on September 16,1874. Purdue issued its first degree, a Bachelor of Science in Chemistry, architecturally, Purdue University buildings at the West Lafayette campus generally feature red brick. After the return of a number of veterans at the close of World War II. Of these over forty extension centers, five were retained over the decades since WWII. To serve the extension centers now combined mission in Fort Wayne, the new Indiana University—Purdue University Fort Wayne campus opened on September 17,1964 following nearly two years of construction that began on October 18,1962. IPFW is now a 520-acre campus on both sides of the Saint Joseph River with 13 educational buildings, plus student residences and various athletic facilities
25.
West Lafayette, Indiana
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West Lafayette is directly across the Wabash River from its sister city, Lafayette. As of the 2010 census, its population was 29,796 and it is the most densely populated city in Indiana and is home to Purdue University. Augustus Wylie laid out a town in 1836 in the Wabash River floodplain south of the present Levee, due to regular flooding of the site, Wylies town was never built. The present city was formed in 1888 by the merger of the adjacent suburban towns of Chauncey, Oakwood, the three towns had been small suburban villages which were directly adjacent to one another. Kingston was laid out in 1855 by Jesse B, Chauncey was platted in 1860 by the Chauncey family of Philadelphia, wealthy land speculators. Chauncey and Kingston formed a government in 1866 which selected the name Chauncey. The new town of Chauncey remained a suburban village until Purdue University opened in 1869. In 1871 Chauncey voted to be annexed by Lafayette because it was unable to provide the infrastructure, Lafayette voted against annexing Chauncey because of the high cost of the many improvements that the village lacked. In May 1888, the town of Chauncey voted to change its name to West Lafayette after a petition signed by 152 electors, by that time, the growth of the university was fueling the growth of the little town. The address of Purdue University was given as Lafayette, Indiana until well into the twentieth century, West Lafayette never gained a railroad depot and lagged several years behind Lafayette in the establishment of municipal infrastructure and services. Today, West Lafayette has established itself as a city, with independent services and unique neighborhoods distinct from those of its sister city. This expansion also included a section of the US Highway 231 corridor that was previously part of unincorporated Tippecanoe County. The city of West Lafayette has its share of non-profits. West Lafayette lies in central Tippecanoe County and overlooks the Wabash River, most of the city lies in eastern Wabash Township, though a small portion on the northeast side extends into Tippecanoe Township. Elevations range from slightly over 500 feet near the river to more than 720 feet in parts of the city near U. S. Route 52. According to the 2010 census, West Lafayette has an area of 7.63 square miles. As of the census of 2010, there were 29,796 people,11,945 households, the population density was 3,884.0 inhabitants per square mile. There were 12,591 housing units at a density of 1,652.4 per square mile
26.
Purdue University Northwest
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Purdue University Northwest is a comprehensive regional university with two campuses located in Northwest Indiana, near Chicago and the Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore. With more than 15,000 students and nearly 70 undergraduate and graduate degree programs, Purdue Universitys presence in northwest Indiana began with the establishment of extension centers in Hammond, LaPorte, and Michigan City. By 1967, students could earn baccalaureate degrees at Purdue University Calumet in Hammond, in 2014 Purdue Calumet and Purdue North Central jointly announced plans to unify their campuses into a single university to be called Purdue University Northwest. Unification was officially approved by the Higher Learning Commission on March 4,2016, the Hammond campus is a residential campus covering 167 acres. It is located 25 miles from downtown Chicago, the Westville campus is located on 268 acres in rural LaPorte County near along U. S. Highway 421. This location has three buildings and a veterinary emergency facility. The grounds the Westville campus have Shakespeares Garden adjacent to a pond, tennis courts, an eighteen hole disc golf course, a baseball diamond. Purdue University System Official website Official athletics website Campus maps
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Purdue University College of Education
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The Purdue University College of Education is one of eight major academic divisions, or Colleges, of Purdue University. It offers undergraduate degrees in education, social studies education, and special education. As the buildings name suggests, space in Beering Hall is shared between the College of Education and the College of Liberal Arts. Purdue University established an Education Department in 1908, in response to a 1907 Indiana state law requiring all new teachers to have at least 12 semester hours of professional education. Later, a Division of Education and Applied Psychology would be created and housed in the School of Humanities, Social Science, in 1989, Purdue officially created the School of Education. The school was renamed the College of Education in 2005, the College of Education is ranked 38th by U. S. News & World Reports rankings of top education graduate schools for 2015. In 2005, the Curriculum and Instruction Department was ranked among the top ten in the United States, Purdue University Purdue University College of Education
28.
Purdue University College of Engineering
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The Purdue University College of Engineering is one of eight major academic divisions, or colleges, of Purdue University. Established in 1874 with programs in Civil and Mechanical Engineering, the college now offers B. S. M. S. and Ph. D. degrees in more than a dozen disciplines. Purdues engineering program has also educated 22 of Americas astronauts, including Neil Armstrong and Eugene Cernan who were the first and last astronauts to have walked on the moon, many of Purdues engineering disciplines are recognized as top-ten programs in the U. S. The college as a whole is currently ranked 9th in the U. S. of all doctorate-granting engineering schools by U. S. News & World Report, many other campus buildings house faculty offices, classrooms, and laboratories for engineering programs, such as the Martin C. Jischke Hall of Biomedical Engineering, the Forney Hall of Chemical Engineering, the Morrill Act, signed by U. S. President Abraham Lincoln in 1862, set the stage for the state of Indiana to establish a college for agriculture and the mechanical arts. In 1874, Purdue established four-year bachelors degree programs in civil engineering, the School of Mechanical Engineering was created in 1882, although none of Purdues students at the time were actually qualified to enroll in any of its courses. In 1911, the School of Chemical Engineering was founded, the Agricultural Engineering program was established in 1925, it would be renamed the Division of Agricultural and Biological Engineering in 2005. That same year, the Industrial Engineering Department was founded, with courses taught by Lillian Moller Gilbreth. In 1959, the School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering split into two units, the latter of which was renamed the School of Materials Engineering in 1973. The 1960s saw the establishment of the Nuclear Engineering and Women in Engineering programs, a 1 kilowatt nuclear reactor has been in operation at the campus since 1962. In 1971, the National Society of Black Engineers was founded on the Purdue campus by two undergraduates, the Construction Engineering and Management Division was created in 1976. In 1989, the Materials and Electrical Engineering Building was completed, providing much-needed space for the growing School of Materials Engineering, in 1995, the Engineering Projects In Community Service program was established at Purdue. Three years later, Purdues Biomedical Engineering program was founded, in 2004, also in 2004, the College of Engineering was formed as an umbrella organization for the many Schools, Departments, and Divisions of Purdues engineering programs. That same year, the Department of Engineering Education, the first of its kind in the nation, was created. The College of Engineerings undergraduate and graduate engineering programs are ranked by U. S. News & World Report as some of the best engineering programs in America. The 2017 rankings are listed below, Purdues engineering program is also ranked highly internationally. The Times Higher Education Supplement ranked Purdue as the 24th best university in the world in the Technology category, at Purdue is a project at Purdue University that focuses on the technical aspects of musical acoustics in guitars. METAL is an acronym for Mechanical Engineering Technology Acoustics Lab, in the project, undergraduate students in the department of Mechanical Engineering Technology build their own guitar
29.
Purdue University College of Liberal Arts
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The Purdue University College of Liberal Arts is one of eight colleges of Purdue University. In addition to arts programs, the College of Liberal Arts also contains the social sciences and humanities programs at Purdue. The College of Liberal Arts contains nine minor academic divisions, or Departments, as the buildings name suggests, space in Beering Hall is shared between the College of Liberal Arts and the College of Education. Liberal arts courses have been taught at Purdue since its founding in 1874, the School of Science, Education, and Humanities was formed in 1953. In 1963, the School of Humanities, Social Sciences, and Education was established, in 1989, the School of Liberal Arts was created to encompass Purdues humanities and social sciences programs, while education programs were split off into the newly formed School of Education. The School of Liberal Arts was renamed the College of Liberal Arts in 2005, Purdue University Purdue University College of Liberal Arts THiNK Magazine College of Liberal Arts Purdue Liberal Arts 50 Alumni Official website on Facebook Official website on Twitter
30.
Krannert School of Management
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The Krannert School of Management is the school of management at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana, United States. The business school offers instruction at the undergraduate, masters, the School of Industrial Management at Purdue University was created in 1958 from the merger of the Department of Economics and the Department of Industrial Management and Transportation. The Krannert Graduate School of Industrial Administration was founded in 1962 with a $2.7 million endowment from Herman & Ellnora Krannert, the AACSB accredited the new school in 1967. In the early years, students were required to pursue a major, in a technical subject, in addition to their coursework in business. The curriculum expanded over the decade and the word Industrial was dropped from the schools names in the mid 1970s. Today, the Krannert name refers to both the undergraduate and post-graduate programs, Krannert was reaccredited by the AACSB in 2008. The school currently has nearly 20 clubs and organizations open to undergraduates, there are some 25 professional, cultural and special interest clubs at the graduate level, including the Krannert Graduate Student Association and the Krannert Doctoral Student Association. In keeping with the scope of the modern manager, all programs include instruction in the international aspects of business. The 3+2 program is available to outstanding undergraduates in the School of Management, the program allows students to complete their B. S. and Master of Business Administration degrees in just five years. Over the course of an year, Purdue is the site for campus interviewing activities. Some 1, 200-1,400 unique companies visit campus and meet with students seeking internships, co-ops or full employment. Krannert hosted 147 companies for its forum this fall, which equaled the participation in the 2008 fair and is an increase of about 15 percent over the two events. Fifty-five of those companies gave presentations either the day before or during the evening after the fair, job recruiters ranked Krannert School of Management third in a 2012 Bloomberg Businessweek national survey of undergraduate business schools. Krannert ranked seventh in 2011 and 13th in 2010 and these programs are housed in Rawls Hall. S. News & World Report and #45 by Forbes, Financial Times ranked the program #54 worldwide, and The Wall Street Journal ranked the program #12 in a list of U. S. programs of regional influence. In the 2009 QS Global 200 Business Schools Report the school was ranked #27 in North America, the Krannert Doctoral Programs offer students the opportunity to work closely with first-rate faculty in the areas of Economics, Management, and Organizational Behavior & Human Resource Management. Krannerts doctoral programs were ranked #23 in the world for 2009, the schools facilities are located on the southeastern part of Purdues West Lafayette campus near the Purdue Memorial Union. The majority of classes are conducted in the Krannert Building
31.
Purdue University College of Pharmacy
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The College of Pharmacy is one of eight major academic divisions, or Colleges, of Purdue University. It was established in 1884, and is the 3rd oldest state-funded school of pharmacy in the United States, the school has consistently ranked highly among its peer institutions. The school offers two undergraduate programs leading to the B. S. in Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Doctor of Pharmacy professional degree, graduate programs leading to M. S. and Ph. D. degrees are offered in three departments. Additionally, the school offers several certificate programs and post-graduate continuing education activities. The majority of professional degree classes are conducted in the Robert E. Heine Pharmacy Building, the building is home to research laboratories, the Pharmacy, Nursing, and Health Sciences Library and the Purdue Pharmacy. Smart was conversing with his friend, John N. Hurty, Hurty brought up the idea that it would be a good idea for Purdue University to offer courses to train students as pharmacists. It is said that Smart agreed, and would fight for the establishment of a school at Purdue as long as Hurty served as professor for at least two years. Hurty accepted, and in September 1884, classes began with seven students, Hurty was well-qualified for the position. In 1884 a two year School of Pharmacy was founded, the School of Nursing began as a program in 1963 and was incorporated as a department into the Purdue University College of Technology in 1964. In 1979 the School of Health Sciences was formed under the newly organized Schools of Pharmacy, Nursing, in 2005 this group was renamed the College of Pharmacy, Nursing, and Health Sciences. Five years later, the Schools of Nursing and Health Sciences became part of the new College of Health and Human Sciences, leaving the College of Pharmacy with its current name
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Purdue Polytechnic Institute
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The Purdue Polytechnic Institute is one of ten major academic divisions, or Colleges, of Purdue University. With over 30,000 living alumni, it is one of the largest technology schools in the United States, Purdue Polytechnic contains seven minor academic divisions, called Departments, schools, or divisions. The proposal went into effect July 1,1964, in January 2005, the School of Technology was renamed the College of Technology. All other schools at Purdue were renamed with the exceptions of the Krannert School of Management, with the adoption of competency-based learning methods and other changes, the college changed its name to the Purdue Polytechnic Institute in 2015. Purdue Polytechnic Institute is tied for first in the United States in the number of engineering technology degrees awarded. Purdue awards more engineering technology degrees to women than any university or college in the country. The Technology Education program, offered jointly with the College of Education, ranks first in the nation
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Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine
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The Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine is one of ten major academic divisions of Purdue University. Within the state of Indiana, the Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine is the only veterinary school, the two schools frequently collaborate on medical research projects. They are certified to diagnose, make a prognosis, provide or prescribe medication, do surgery, go into research, to be a potential applicant in Purdue University’s Doctor of Veterinary Medicine Program, an individual has to complete two to three years of coursework first. However, even to be considered for the program, the applicant must maintain a GPA of 3.00 or higher, the applicant must have experience with animals, experience in research and work, and have leadership and communication skills. The DVM Program is four-year program with a minimum of 18 credits each semester, the profession of Veterinary Technology has been in existence since the early 1970s. In many aspects, a technician is comparable to a nurse in human medicine. A veterinary technician is also educated in performing various diagnostic tests such as radiographs, CBC, serology tests, heartworm tests, a veterinary technician works as part of the veterinary team. Their role is to assist the DVM in the care of the animal patient and these educated team members also work with veterinary assistants, receptionists, and kennel workers to ensure the health of the patient is first and foremost. In order to be a technician, the student must attend a program that is accredited by the American Veterinary Medical Association. The education process to become a technician may take anywhere from 18 months to 3–4 years depending on the program. The Veterinary Technology degree is not a course of study because the curriculum is specific to veterinary nursing. Students do not take the required courses for a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine program. After graduation from an AVMA accredited program, in order to practice as a veterinary technician. Once this exam is passed, the student may be called a registered, licensed and this title varies from state to state. In many states it is against the law to be called a veterinary technician unless the student has graduated from an AVMA accredited school, some states may have additional requirements for credentialing. Purdue offers three options for education as an AVMA accredited veterinary technology program, two are on-campus curricula and the third is delivered via distance education. Purdue University’s College of Veterinary Medicine offers the only Bachelor of Science in Veterinary Technology degree program in Indiana, both of the associate degree programs are accredited by the AVMA. Graduates of the program have a 95-100% first-time pass rate on the VTNE, the on-campus Associate in Applied Science curriculum is completed in 3 years and the Bachelor of Science curriculum is completed in 4 years
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Purdue Boilermakers
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Boilermakers is the official nickname for the intercollegiate athletic teams of Purdue University. As is common with athletic nicknames, it is used as colloquial designation of Purdues students. The nickname is often shortened to Boilers by fans of the school, Purdue has one of the few college athletic programs that is not funded by student fees or subsidized by the university. The nickname Boilermakers goes back to 1892 when the Purdue football team defeated nearby rival Wabash College in Crawfordsville, Indiana 44–0. An account of the game in the Crawfordsville Daily Argus News of October 26,1891 was headlined, Slaughter of Innocents, Wabash Snowed Completely Under by the Burly Boiler Makers from Purdue. The local Purdue press picked up on the name, with a notice in the November 1,1891 Lafayette Sunday Times, As everyone knows, Purdue went down to Wabash last Saturday, the Crawfordsville papers have not yet gotten over it. The only resource they have is to claim that we beat their scientific men by brute force and our players are characterized as coal heavers, boiler makers and stevedores. Several of the schools added to the boilermaker tradition by suggesting that Purdue was going up the Wabash River. However, Purdues official mascot is a Locomotive, the Boilermaker Special, the Monon Railroad had its main locomotive shops in Lafayette, not far from the campus. Purdues athletic teams typically wear old-gold-and-black or old-gold-and-white ensembles, colors that have identified Purdue since 1887, in the early 1890s Purdue fielded dominating football teams. In 1891 Purdue went 4-0, outscoring opponents 192-0, in 1892 Purdue went 8-0, outscoring opponents 320-24. In 1893 Purdue went 5-2-1, outscoring opponents 334-144, in 1894 Purdue went 9-1, outscoring opponents 288-36. Over these four years, Purdues combined record was 26-3-1, outscoring opponents 1134-204, Purdue beat in-state rival Indiana University 60-0, 68-0, 64-0, and 6-0 by an understandable forfeit. Purdue went 2-1 against Illinois, 2-1 Wisconsin, 3-0 against Chicago, the Purdue Boilermakers competed as Independent until 1889. In 1890, they joined the Indiana Intercollegiate Athletic Association and, finally, the Purdue Boilermakers have been Big Ten Conference Champions in 1918,1929,1931,1932,1943,1952,1967 and 2000. The Boilermakers, under NFL hall-of-famer Bob Griese defeated the University of Southern California Trojans 14-13 to win the 1967 Rose Bowl, when the Boilermakers shared the Big Ten title the following season, the consecutive-appearance rule kept them out of the 1968 Rose Bowl. Purdue did not return to the Rose Bowl until 2001, losing to the University of Washington Huskies 24-34, the Boilermakers have appeared in a total of 17 post-season bowl games, compiling a record of 9-8. Their most recent appearance was a 14-58 defeat at the hands of Oklahoma State University in the 2013 Heart of Dallas Bowl, Purdue QBs have thrown more touchdowns in the NFL than any other university,1,311 at the end of the 2010 season
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Purdue Boilermakers baseball
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The Purdue Boilermakers baseball team is the varsity intercollegiate baseball program of Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana, United States. The programs first season was in 1888, and it has been a member of the NCAA Division I Big Ten Conference since the start of the 1906 season and its home venue is Alexander Field, located on Purdues campus. Mark Wasikowski is the head coach starting in the 2017 season. The program has appeared in 2 NCAA Tournaments and it has won one conference tournament championship and 2 regular season conference titles. As of the start of the 2017 Major League Baseball season,23 former Boilermakers have appeared in Major League Baseball. The programs first season of play was 1888, and the team played without a coach until 1892. Also in 1892, the program playing at newly dedicated home venue Stuart Field. The first game at Stuart was against Butler on April 16,1892, after Phillips two-year tenure as head coach, the program played without a head coach until 1900, when W. H. Fox assumed the position for two seasons. The program then had different head coaches until Hugh Nicol began a nine-year tenure in 1906. Nicols first season was also the programs first as a member of the Big Nine Conference, in 1909, Purdue won its first Big Ten Championship. Future Major League Baseball player Walt Tragesser played on the 1909 team, Nicol left the head coaching position following the 1914 season, and B. P. Pattison coached the team for the next two seasons. In 1916, Pattisons final season, Purdue had an 8–4 record in Big Ten games, however, Purdue had generally struggled in Big Ten games since joining the conference and continued to do so. The Boilermakers had a conference record only 11 times from 1917–1978. In that span, the team opened two new home venues, on April 6,1940, the team defeated Wabash College 7–4 in its first game at Ross–Ade Field, later renamed Lambert Field. On April 14,1965, the Boilermakers lost 4–2 to Notre Dame in the teams first game at the modern Lambert Field, both Old Lambert Field and the modern Lambert Field were named for Ward Lambert, head coach of the program for 19 seasons. In 1978, Dave Alexander became the head coach. When the Big Ten split into two, five-team divisions in 1981, the team finished 2nd behind Michigan, Purdues best conference finish since 1928. As a result of the finish, the team qualified for the inaugural Big Ten Tournament
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Purdue Boilermakers men's basketball
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The Purdue Boilermakers basketball team is a college basketball program that competes in NCAA Division I and is a member of the Big Ten Conference. Purdue basketball has the most Big Ten Championships with 23, the Boilermakers have reached two NCAA Tournament Final Fours. The 1931–32 team was named the national champion by the Helms Athletic Foundation. Purdue has sent more than 30 players to the NBA, including two overall No.1 picks in the NBA draft, Purdue shares a traditional rivalry with in-state foe Indiana University, and holds a 117–89 all-time series lead. The history of Purdue basketball dates back to 1896 with their first game against the Lafayette YMCA, in the 1902–03 season, head coach C. I. Freeman, in his season, led them to an undefeated 8–0 record. Upon conclusion of the season, the university recognized the popularity of the sport, the Boilermakers began play in the Big Ten Conference three years later, with its first championship coming in 1911 under the direction of Ralph Jones. In 1917, Ward Piggy Lambert, a basketball player at Wabash College, was named head coach of the Boilermakers. What followed was one of the most dominant eras of Purdue Basketball on the conference, under Lambert, Purdue became a front-runner in the development of the fast-paced game as it is today. Lambert compiled a record of 371–152, a.709 winning percentage. His 228 wins in Big Ten play have been bested by only Indianas Bob Knight, Lambert won an unprecedented 11 Big Ten Championships, which Bobby Knight later tied for most in conference history. In 1943, the Helms Athletic Foundation retroactively recognized Purdue as its champion for 1932. The Premo-Porretta Power Poll later recognized the Boilermakers as the 1932 national champion as well, Ward Lambert announced his resignation on January 23,1946. That same year and the following under new head coach Mel Taube. Center Paul Hoffman became the only Boiler to be named a First Team-All Big Ten selection four times in 1947, after Mel Taubes four and a half seasons, Ray Eddy, a former player and teammate of John Wooden under Lambert, took over as head coach. In 1955, his team played one of the longest games in basketball history. Schaus led the Boilermakers to the 1974 NIT Championship, becoming the first Big Ten team to capture the NIT title, in the 1978–79 season, new head coach Lee Rose introduced Purdue basketball to a new approach with a slowed-down, controlled style of play. With All-American center Joe Barry Carroll, he led them to the 1979 NIT Finals, in 1980, Gene Keady, the head coach of Western Kentucky and former assistant to Eddie Sutton with the Arkansas Razorbacks, was named the new head coach of the Boilermakers
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Purdue Boilermakers women's basketball
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The Purdue Boilermakers womens basketball team is a college basketball program that competes in NCAA Division I and the Big Ten Conference. Purdue is rich in tradition and history, holding the record for Big Ten Championships, the Boilermakers have appeared in the NCAA Final Four three times, and won the NCAA National Championship in 1999. The Boilermakers share a rivalry with the Indiana Hoosiers, of which Purdue owns a 52-27 series lead. In 1975, womens basketball became a sport at Purdue University. In 1982, the sport was elevated to status, which meant more money was available. Under Coach Lin Dunn, Purdue qualified for its first NCAA Tournament game in 1989, Ten years later, Purdue won its first national championship by beating Duke University in the title game. Sharon Versyp, a former Purdue standout, was introduced as the coach at the start of the 2006 season
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Purdue Boilermakers football
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The Purdue Boilermakers football team represents Purdue University in the NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision of college football. Purdue plays its games at Ross–Ade Stadium on the campus of Purdue University in West Lafayette. The head coach of Purdue is Jeff Brohm, the 36th head coach in program history, the Boilermakers compete in the Big Ten Conference as a member of the West Division. Purdue had most recently been a part of the Leaders Division of the Big Ten, with a 598–545–48 record at the conclusion of the 2015 season, Purdue has the 47th-most victories among NCAA FBS programs. Purdue was originally classified as a Major College school in the 1937 season until 1972, Purdue received Division I classification in 1973, becoming a Division I-A program from 1978 to 2006 and an FBS program from 2006 to the present. Of those successful campaigns, Purdue has produced five seasons in its history, going 4–0 in 1891, 8–0 in 1892, 8–0 in 1929, 7–0–1 in 1932. The Boilermakers have won a total of 12 conference championships in their history, eight Big Ten Conference titles, the Purdue University football team traces its origin back to October 29,1887, when its team fell to Butler College by a score of 48-6 in Indianapolis, Indiana. A group of students at Purdue University formed the schools first football team in 1887, albert Berg was hired as the coach. Despite being deaf, Berg was reportedly the only man in the territory with any knowledge of the game, Berg was 23 years old when he became Purdues football coacher. He was paid $1 for each lesson he gave to the newly organized football team and had one week to prepare the team for its first game. The 1887 Purdue team played its game on October 29,1887. Butler soundly defeated Bergs squad by a score of 48–6, after the loss to Butler, Purdue did not field a football team again until 1889. In 1890, Clinton L. Hare became the head football coach at Purdue. He coached the team season to a record of 3–3. Purdue won each of its two games in convincing fashion, shutting out Wabash, 54–0, on October 24 and Illinois, 62–0. They also shut out DePauw in Greencastle, Indiana, 32–0, Purdue suffered its worst loss of the season on November 1 in Ann Arbor, falling to Michigan by a score of 34 to six. With their wins over DePauw and Wabash and their loss to Butler, hares team finished second place in the Indiana Intercollegiate Athletic Association to Butler, who beat all three of their in-state foes and was awarded the state championship. In 1891, Knowlton Ames became the coach for Purdue
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Purdue Boilermakers men's golf
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The Purdue Boilermakers mens golf team represents the Purdue University in the sport of golf. The Boilermakers compete in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association and they are currently led by head coach Rob Bradley. The Purdue Boilermakers mens golf program has won 12 Big Ten Conference championships, the first year of golf at Purdue was in 1921
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Big Ten Conference
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The Big Ten Conference, formerly Western Conference and Big Nine Conference, is the oldest Division I collegiate athletic conference in the United States. The conference includes the public university in each of 11 states stretching from New Jersey to Nebraska. The Big Ten Conference was established in 1895 when Purdue University president James H, in 1905, the conference was officially incorporated as the Intercollegiate Conference Athletic Association. Big Ten member institutions are predominantly major flagship research universities with large financial endowments, large student enrollment is also a hallmark of Big Ten universities, as 12 of the 14 members feature enrollments of 30,000 or more students. Northwestern University, one of just two members with a total enrollment of fewer than 30,000 students, is the lone private university among Big Ten membership. Collectively, Big Ten universities educate more than 520,000 total students and have 5.7 million living alumni, Big Ten universities engage in $9.3 billion in funded research each year. Big Ten universities are members of the Big Ten Academic Alliance. In 2014–2015, members generated more than $10 billion in research expenditures, Johns Hopkins University was invited in 2012 to join the Big Ten as an associate member participating in mens lacrosse only. In 2015, it was accepted as an associate member in womens lacrosse. Notre Dame is scheduled to join the Big Ten in 2017 as a member in mens ice hockey. Notes Notes Notes The University of Chicago was a co-founder of the conference, lake Forest College attended the original 1895 meeting that led to the formation of the conference, but did not join it. Full members Full members Sport Affiliate Other Conference Other Conference The Big Ten Conference sponsors championship competition in 14 mens and 14 womens NCAA sanctioned sports, Notes, * Notre Dame will join the Big Ten in the 2017–18 school year as an affiliate member in mens ice hockey. It continues to field its other sports in the ACC except in football where it will continue to compete as an independent, ° Johns Hopkins joined the Big Ten in 2014 as an affiliate member in mens lacrosse, with womens lacrosse to follow in 2016. Ohio State and Penn State, like most NCAA fencing schools, have coed teams,2, Mens rowing, whether heavyweight or lightweight, is not governed by the NCAA, but instead by the Intercollegiate Rowing Association. Rutgers Mens Rowing was downgraded to Club status in 2008,3, Unlike rifle, pistol is not an NCAA-governed sport. 4, Rifle is technically a mens sport, but mens, womens, Ohio State fields a coed team. The eligibility of student-athletes was one of the topics of discussion. The Intercollegiate Conference of Faculty Representatives was founded at a meeting on February 8,1896
