1.
Utah Red Rocks
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The Utah Utes womens gymnastics team represents the University of Utah and competes in the Pac-12 Conference. The Utes compete in the Jon M. Huntsman Center in Salt Lake City, as of the end of the 2016 season, the Red Rocks have won 10 national championships, including 9 NCAA Gymnastics championships, and been runner-up 9 times. The Red Rocks are the team to have qualified for every NCAA Championships and have never finished lower than 10th. The team was coached from its inception by Greg Marsden until his retirement after the 2015 season, Megan Marsden and Tom Farden are the current head coaches. The Utah Utes gymnastics team first competed in 1976, the team first appeared on television in 1978 and has appeared every year since then. The NCAA first sponsored womens gymnastics national championships in 1982, Utah is the only team to qualify for every national championship that has been held. Co-Head Coach, Megan Marsden Co-Head Coach, Tom Farden Assistant Coach, nine of them were NCAA Womens Gymnastics championships and one was an AIAW Womens Gymnastics championship in 1981 before the NCAA adopted womens gymnastics. Utah ties with Georgia for the record of the most consecutive NCAA national championships with 5, Utah has qualified for every national championship since its creation in 1976, the only team to do so. Utah qualified for every AIAW championship between 1976 and 1981, after gymnastics was adopted by the NCAA in 1982, Utah is the only team to have qualified for every NCAA national championship. Utah has the most all-America gymnast awards of any school with 351, Utah gymnastics set the longest regular season home win streak of any NCAA sport at 23 years and 170 meets. Utah has led the nation in gymnastics attendance 33 times and has won seven all-womens sports attendance titles. On March 6,2015, Utah had a crowd of 16,019 on hand for its win over Michigan. In the 2017 season, Utah averaged a record 15,244 fans per meet, breaking the previous NCAA gymnastics attendance record, Greg Marsden was hired in 1976 to begin the gymnastics program. Marsden coached Utah for 40 straight years and he is the only collegiate gymnastics coach to amass 1,000 wins and earn Coach of the Year honors seven times. He has never had a team worse than tenth place overall. In July 2009 Megan Marsden was named coach of the Red Rocks. Megan, in addition to being Gregs wife, is a member of the squad and has been an assistant coach since 1985. After the 2015 season, Greg retired and his wife Megan, as of the end of the 2016 season,13 different Utah gymnasts have won a total of 25 individual event championships
2.
Salt Lake City
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Salt Lake City, often shortened to Salt Lake or SLC, is the capital and the most populous municipality of the U. S. state of Utah. With an estimated population of 190,884 in 2014, the city lies at the core of the Salt Lake City metropolitan area, Salt Lake City is further situated within a larger metropolis known as the Salt Lake City-Ogden-Provo Combined Statistical Area. This region is a corridor of contiguous urban and suburban development stretched along an approximately 120-mile segment of the Wasatch Front and it is one of only two major urban areas in the Great Basin. The city was founded in 1847 by Brigham Young, Isaac Morley, George Washington Bradley and numerous other Mormon followers, who extensively irrigated and cultivated the arid valley. Due to its proximity to the Great Salt Lake, the city was originally named Great Salt Lake City—the word great was dropped from the name in 1868 by the 17th Utah Territorial Legislature. Today, however, less than half the population of Salt Lake City proper are members of the LDS Church. It was traversed by the Lincoln Highway, the first transcontinental highway, in 1913, Salt Lake City has since developed a strong outdoor recreation tourist industry based primarily on skiing, and hosted the 2002 Winter Olympics. It is the banking center of the United States. Before Mormon settlement, the Shoshone, Ute, and Paiute had dwelt in the Salt Lake Valley for thousands of years. The land was treated by the United States as public domain, the first U. S. explorer in the Salt Lake area is believed to be Jim Bridger in 1825, although others had been in Utah earlier, some as far north as the nearby Utah Valley. Frémont surveyed the Great Salt Lake and the Salt Lake Valley in 1843 and 1845, the Donner Party, a group of ill-fated pioneers, had traveled through the Great Salt Lake Valley in August 1846. The first permanent settlements in the date to the arrival of the Latter-day Saints on July 24,1847. Upon arrival at the Salt Lake Valley, president of the church Brigham Young is recorded as stating, This is the right place, Brigham Young claimed to have seen the area in a vision prior to the wagon trains arrival. They found the broad valley empty of any human settlement, four days after arriving in the Salt Lake Valley, Brigham Young designated the building site for the Salt Lake Temple, which would eventually become a famous Mormon and Salt Lake City landmark. The Salt Lake Temple, constructed on the block that would later be called Temple Square, construction started in 1853, and the temple was dedicated on 6 April 1893. The temple has become an icon for the city and serves as its centerpiece, in fact, the southeast corner of Temple Square is the initial point of reference for the Salt Lake Meridian, and for all addresses in the Salt Lake Valley. The Mormon pioneers organized a new state called Deseret and petitioned for its recognition in 1849, the United States Congress rebuffed the settlers in 1850 and established the Utah Territory, vastly reducing its size, and designated Fillmore as its capital city. Great Salt Lake City replaced Fillmore as the capital in 1858
3.
Utah
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Utah is a state in the western United States. It became the 45th state admitted to the U. S. on January 4,1896, Utah is the 13th-largest by area, 31st-most-populous, and 10th-least-densely populated of the 50 United States. Utah has a population of more than 3 million, approximately 80% of whom live along the Wasatch Front, Utah is bordered by Colorado to the east, Wyoming to the northeast, Idaho to the north, Arizona to the south, and Nevada to the west. It also touches a corner of New Mexico in the southeast, approximately 62% of Utahns are reported to be members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints or LDS, which greatly influences Utahn culture and daily life. The LDS Churchs world headquarters is located in Salt Lake City, Utah is the only state with a majority population belonging to a single church. The state is a center of transportation, education, information technology and research, government services, mining, in 2013, the U. S. Census Bureau estimated that Utah had the second fastest-growing population of any state. St. George was the metropolitan area in the United States from 2000 to 2005. Utah also has the 14th highest median income and the least income inequality of any U. S. state. A2012 Gallup national survey found Utah overall to be the best state to live in based on 13 forward-looking measurements including various economic, lifestyle, the name Utah is derived from the name of the Ute tribe. It means people of the mountains in the Ute language, according to other sources Utah is derived from the Apache name Yudah which means Tall. These Native American tribes are subgroups of the Ute-Aztec Native American ethnicity and were sedentary, the Ancestral Pueblo people built their homes through excavations in mountains, and the Fremont people built houses of straw before disappearing from the region around the 15th century. Another group of Native Americans, the Navajo, settled in the region around the 18th century, in the mid-18th century, other Uto-Aztecan tribes, including the Goshute, the Paiute, the Shoshone, and the Ute people, also settled in the region. These five groups were present when the first European explorers arrived, the southern Utah region was explored by the Spanish in 1540, led by Francisco Vásquez de Coronado, while looking for the legendary Cíbola. A group led by two Catholic priests—sometimes called the Dominguez-Escalante Expedition—left Santa Fe in 1776, hoping to find a route to the coast of California, the expedition traveled as far north as Utah Lake and encountered the native residents. The Spanish made further explorations in the region, but were not interested in colonizing the area because of its desert nature, in 1821, the year Mexico achieved its independence from Spain, the region became known as part of its territory of Alta California. European trappers and fur traders explored some areas of Utah in the early 19th century from Canada, the city of Provo, Utah was named for one, Étienne Provost, who visited the area in 1825. The city of Ogden, Utah was named after Peter Skene Ogden, in late 1824, Jim Bridger became the first known English-speaking person to sight the Great Salt Lake. Due to the salinity of its waters, Bridger thought he had found the Pacific Ocean
4.
Geographic coordinate system
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A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system used in geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation, to specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map projection. The invention of a coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy credited him with the adoption of longitude and latitude. Ptolemys 2nd-century Geography used the prime meridian but measured latitude from the equator instead. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes recovery of Ptolemys text a little before 1300, in 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference, attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, the Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911, the latitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through the center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels, as they are parallel to the equator, the north pole is 90° N, the south pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the equator, the plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the longitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses, which converge at the north and south poles, the prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres, although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E, the combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The grid formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a graticule, the origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km south of Tema, Ghana. To completely specify a location of a feature on, in, or above Earth. Earth is not a sphere, but a shape approximating a biaxial ellipsoid. It is nearly spherical, but has an equatorial bulge making the radius at the equator about 0. 3% larger than the radius measured through the poles, the shorter axis approximately coincides with the axis of rotation
5.
University of Utah
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The University of Utah is a public coeducational space-grant research university in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. As the states flagship university, the university more than 100 undergraduate majors. The university is classified in the highest ranking, R-1, Doctoral Universities – Highest Research Activity by the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education, the Carnegie Classification also considers the university as selective, which is its second most selective admissions category. Quinney College of Law and the School of Medicine, Utahs only medical school, as of Fall 2015, there are 23,909 undergraduate students and 7,764 graduate students, for an enrollment total of 31,673. The university was established in 1850 as the University of Deseret by the General Assembly of the provisional State of Deseret and it received its current name in 1892, four years before Utah attained statehood, and moved to its current location in 1900. The university ranks among the top 50 U. S. universities by total research expenditures with over $486 million spent in 2014, in addition, the universitys Honors College has been reviewed among 50 leading national Honors Colleges in the U. S. The university has also ranked the 12th most ideologically diverse university in the country. The universitys athletic teams, the Utes, participate in NCAA Division I athletics as a member of the Pac-12 Conference and its football team has received national attention for winning the 2005 Fiesta Bowl and the 2009 Sugar Bowl. A Board of Regents was organized by Brigham Young to establish a university in the Salt Lake Valley, early classes were held in private homes or wherever space could be found. The university closed in 1853 due to lack of funds and lack of feeder schools, the university moved out of the council house into the Union Academy building in 1876 and into Union Square in 1884. Additional Fort Douglas land has granted to the university over the years. Upon his death in 1900, Dr. John R. Park bequeathed his fortune to the university. One third of the faculty resigned in protest of these dismissals, the controversy was largely resolved when Kingsbury resigned in 1916, but university operations were again interrupted by World War I, and later The Great Depression and World War II. Student enrollment dropped to a low of 3,418 during the last year of World War II, ray Olpin made substantial additions to campus following the war, and enrollment reached 12,000 by the time he retired in 1964. Growth continued in the decades as the university developed into a research center for fields such as computer science. During the 2002 Winter Olympics, the university hosted the Olympic Village, the University of Utah Asia Campus opened as an international branch campus in the Incheon Global Campus in Songdo, Incheon, South Korea in 2014. Three other European and American universities are also participating, the Asia Campus was funded by the South Korean government. Campus takes up 1,534 acres, including the Health Sciences complex, Research Park and it is located on the east bench of the Salt Lake Valley, close to the Wasatch Range and approximately 2 miles east of downtown Salt Lake City
6.
Seating capacity
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Seating capacity is the number of people who can be seated in a specific space, in terms of both the physical space available, and limitations set by law. Seating capacity can be used in the description of anything ranging from an automobile that seats two to a stadium that seats hundreds of thousands of people. The International Fire Code, portions of which have adopted by many jurisdictions, is directed more towards the use of a facility than the construction. It specifies, For areas having fixed seating without dividing arms and it also requires that every public venue submit a detailed site plan to the local fire code official, including details of the means of egress, seating capacity, arrangement of the seating. Once safety considerations have been satisfied, determinations of seating capacity turn on the size of the venue. For sports venues, the decision on maximum seating capacity is determined by several factors, chief among these are the primary sports program and the size of the market area. Seating capacity of venues also plays a role in what media they are able to provide, in contracting to permit performers to use a theatre or other performing space, the seating capacity of the performance facility must be disclosed. Seating capacity may influence the kind of contract to be used, the seating capacity must also be disclosed to the copyright owner in seeking a license for the copyrighted work to be performed in that venue. Venues that may be leased for private functions such as ballrooms and auditoriums generally advertise their seating capacity, seating capacity is also an important consideration in the construction and use of sports venues such as stadiums and arenas. The seating capacity for restaurants is reported as covers, a restaurant that can seat 99 is said to have 99 covers, seating capacity differs from total capacity, which describes the total number of people who can fit in a venue or in a vehicle either sitting or standing. Use of the term public capacity indicates that a venue is allowed to more people than it can actually seat. Again, the total number of people can refer to either the physical space available or limitations set by law
7.
Michigan Wolverines women's gymnastics
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The Michigan Wolverines womens gymnastics team represents the University of Michigan and competes in the Big Ten Conference. Under head coach Bev Plocki, the team won 16 Big Ten championships in 20 years, the Michigan Wolverines womens gymnastics team was formed in 1976. In its 34-year history, the team has had six coaches as follows, Newt Loken, head of the gymnastics team from 1948 to 1983, was hired to be the first womens coach. Anne Cornell and Scott Ponto both served short tenures before Sheri Hyatt for five seasons starting in 1980, under Hyatt, the program won its first Big Ten conference championship and qualified to its first NCAA tournament, both in 1982. Hyatt was followed in 1985 by Dana Kempthorn, and then in 1990 by current head coach Bev Plocki, Plocki has led the Wolverines to twenty Big Ten titles and sixteen straight NCAA championship berths from 1993 to 2008, as well as in 2010,2011, and 2013-15. The Wolverines have had four gymnasts who have won NCAA individual championships, beth Wymer won the NCAA championship in the uneven bars three consecutive years from 1993 to 1995. Elise Ray won the NCAA all-around championship in 2001, the balance beam championship in 2002, kylee Botterman won the 2011 NCAA all-around championship. In 2013, Joanna Sampson won the championship on floor exercise. The Wolverines have qualified to the NCAA Championships 22 times, in 2002, the 22, 000-square-foot Donald R. Shepherd Womens Gymnastics Training Center was dedicated. The Shepherd Center is the practice and training home of the gymnastics team. The facility has 17,000 square feet of training space, the remaining 5,000 square feet contains a room, coaches offices, a locker room, a team lounge. Head Coach, Bev Plocki Assistant Coach, Scott Sherman Assistant Coach, Dave Kuzara Volunteer Assistant, Sarah Cain Official website
8.
Utah Utes
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The Utah Utes are the athletics teams representing the University of Utah. They are named after the Ute tribe of Native Americans, currently Utah competes in the Pac-12 Conference, after it was announced on June 17,2010, that the Utes would join the conference in all sports, beginning in the 2011–2012 academic year. They are the third Pac-12 member to have spent time in the Western Athletic Conference. They are also the first school to leave the Mountain West Conference since it was formed in 1999, Utah offers 7 mens varsity sports—baseball, basketball, football, golf, skiing, swimming & diving, and tennis. Utah offers 10 womens varsity sports—basketball, cross country, gymnastics, skiing, soccer, softball, swimming & diving, tennis, track & field, Utah has 21 NCAA team national championships. Their current home stadium, Rice–Eccles Stadium, was built in 1998 on the site of their former home, the Utes have a record of 13–4 in bowl games, which is the highest percentage in the nation for teams who have been to more than ten bowls. They have won conference championships, including six in a row from 1928 to 1933 when they were part of the Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference. After a twenty-eight year stretch of not playing in a bowl game, the team was the first Mountain West Conference team, as well as the first team from a non-BCS conference, to play in and win a BCS bowl. The Utes have a 104–44 record since the beginning of the 2000 season, along the way, Utah engineered an eighteen-game winning streak. The Utes played the Big East Conference champion Pittsburgh Panthers in the 2005 Fiesta Bowl, the Utes finished the season ranked #4 in the AP poll. Later that year Alex Smith, who was Utahs quarterback for the 2003 and 2004 seasons, was drafted #1 by the San Francisco 49ers in the 2005 NFL Draft and he became the first player in the state of Utah to ever be drafted first. This culminated in the University of Utah becoming the first school in history to produce two #1 professional draft picks in the year when Andrew Bogut became the #1 pick in the 2005 NBA Draft. Utah is currently coached by Kyle Whittingham, who took over for Urban Meyer after Meyer left Utah for Florida after two seasons with the Utes. During the 2008 season, Utah again went undefeated with a 13–0 record, the Utes finished the season ranked #2 in the AP poll. In Whittinghams seven years the Utes are 65–25 overall and 39–18 in conference play and have won six bowl games, on June 17,2010, the University of Utah officially accepted an invitation to join the Pac-12. The Runnin Utes basketball program has the 9th most wins among college basketball programs, the Utes have made 27 NCAA Tournament appearances, which ranks 7th all-time, while the Utes 10 outright conference championships is the 5th best in NCAA history. The Utes are coached by former NBA head coach Larry Krystowiak, individual success has been a big part of Utah athletics, as many successful players and coaches have been a part of the rich Utah tradition. Other notable players that have gone on to play in the NBA are Delon Wright, Andre Miller, Keith Van Horn, Michael Doleac, Danny Vranes and Tom Chambers
9.
NCAA Division I
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Division I is the highest level of intercollegiate athletics sanctioned by the National Collegiate Athletic Association in the United States. This level was called the University Division of the NCAA, in contrast to the lower level College Division. For football only, Division I was further subdivided in 1978 into Division I-A, Division I-AA, in 2006, Division I-A and I-AA were renamed Football Bowl Subdivision and Football Championship Subdivision, respectively. FCS teams are allowed to award scholarships, a practice technically allowed. FBS teams also have to meet attendance requirements, while FCS teams do not need to meet minimum attendance requirements. Another difference is post season play, starting with the 2014 postseason, a four-team playoff called the College Football Playoff, replaced the previous one game championship format. Even so, Division I FBS football is still the only NCAA sport in which a champion is not determined by an NCAA-sanctioned championship event. All D-I schools must field teams in at least seven sports for men and seven for women or six for men and eight for women, with at least two team sports for each gender. Division I schools must meet minimum financial aid awards for their athletics program, Several other NCAA sanctioned minimums and differences that distinguish Division I from Divisions II and III. Each playing season has to be represented by each gender as well, there are contest and participant minimums for each sport, as well as scheduling criteria. Mens and womens teams have to play all but two games against Division I teams, for men, they must play one-third of all their contests in the home arena. The NCAA has limits on the financial aid each Division I member may award in each sport that the school sponsors. Equivalency sports, in which the NCAA limits the total financial aid that a school can offer in a sport to the equivalent of a set number of full scholarships. Roster limitations may or may not apply, depending on the sport, the term counter is also key to this concept. The NCAA defines a counter as an individual who is receiving financial aid that is countable against the aid limitations in a sport. The number of scholarships that Division I members may award in sport is listed below. In this table, scholarship numbers for head-count sports are indicated without a point, for equivalency sports, they are listed with a decimal point. An exception exists for players at non-scholarship FCS programs who receive aid in another sport, participants in basketball are counted in that sport, unless they also play football
10.
Utah Utes men's basketball
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The Utah Utes mens basketball team represents the University of Utah as an NCAA Division I program that plays in the Pac-12 Conference. They are currently led by head coach Larry Krystkowiak and play their games at the Jon M. Huntsman Center. The school has made the NCAA Tournament 27 times, which ranks 20th in NCAA history and tied for 3rd behind UCLA and they last made the tournament in 2016. Utah won the NCAA Championship in 1944, defeating Dartmouth College 42–40 for the schools only NCAA basketball championship, however, the school also claims the 1916 AAU National Championship, which was awarded after winning the AAU national tournament. They have also won the NIT once, defeating Kentucky in 1947, in 1998 the Utes played in the NCAA championship game, losing to Kentucky. Utah began play in 1908, finishing with a record of 3–8, however, by 1916, they won their first national championship, the team would compete in the tournament two other times, in 1918 and 1919. But it wasnt until 1927 that Utah really began laying the foundation for what would one of the winningest programs in college basketball. That began with the hiring of Vadal Peterson, who would become the winningest coach in Utah basketball history, Peterson would guide Utah to 6 conference and state championships and reached the ultimate prize in 1944, when the Utes won the national championship. Oddly enough, Utah had turned down a bid to the NCAA Tournament because they wanted to play in the NIT, back then, the NIT was a far more prestigious tournament and typically drew the big time college basketball programs. However, after being bounced in the first round by Kentucky, the Arkansas Razorbacks were forced to withdraw after two of their players were badly injured in a car accident. Needing another team to take the Razorbacks place, the NCAA invited Utah, the Utes accepted and went on to defeat Dartmouth 42–40. The legendary Arnie Ferrin was named the tournaments Most Outstanding Player after scoring 28 points in the two games. Three years later, Peterson would lead Utah to the more prestigious NIT championship, as they defeated, ironically enough, Peterson would retire from Utah with a 385–230 record and is the only coach in Utah history to have won a national championship. After Peterson retired, Utah basketball was known as one of the strongest in the west and that tradition helped convince Kansas State head coach Jack Gardner to accept the job. Gardner had led the Wildcats to two Final Fours prior to accepting the job and during his 18 years at Utah, he built a legacy that many feel is the strongest in Utah history. Jack Gardner was known for his quick offenses, which is where Utah got its name as the Runnin Redskins, because of his radical offensive sets, the Utes were widely regarded as the team that helped usher in a new era of college basketball. By his second season, Gardner had the Utes in their first NCAA Tournament since the 1945 season, finishing the year 24–4, Utah reached #7 in the rankings, but was eliminated in the second round. In Gardners third season he once again guided the Utes to a conference championship and an NCAA tournament berth
11.
Utah Utes women's basketball
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The Utah Utes womens basketball team represents University of Utah in womens basketball. The school competes in the Pac-12 Conference in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association, the Utes have an 864-400 record as of the 2015-16 season, with 17 appearances in the NCAA Tournament. They have also been champions of the season in 1996,2000,2001,2003,2004,2005,2008. They appeared in the predecessor to the NCAA Tournament in 1976 and 1977, while finishing as champions of the IAC in 1996,2000,2001,2003,2004,2005,2008
12.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
13.
2006 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament
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It began on March 14,2006, and concluded on April 3 at the RCA Dome in Indianapolis, Indiana. None of the Tournaments top seeds advanced to the Final Four, for the second time in history, a team seeded 11th advanced to the Final Four as George Mason of the Colonial Athletic Association won the Washington, D. C. region. Florida won their first ever national championship by defeating UCLA 73–57 in the final game. Floridas Joakim Noah was named the Most Outstanding Player of the NCAA Tournament, George Masons run was one of several upsets by lower-seeded teams in the tournament. For the second year, a No.14 seed beat a No.3 seed as Northwestern State defeated Iowa. No.13 seed Bradley also defeated No.4 seed Kansas, 5-seeded Pittsburgh in the Second Round. Two No.12 seeds won as well, as Montana, for the second straight year, Milwaukee won as a double-digit seed, this time as the No. 11-seeded Panthers defeated Oklahoma in the First Round, a total of 65 teams were selected to participate in the tournament. Of that total,31 of the teams earned automatic bids by winning their conference tournaments, penn earned an automatic bid by winning the regular-season title of the Ivy League, which did not conduct a conference tournament. The remaining 34 teams were granted at-large bids, which are extended by the NCAA Selection Committee, monmouth defeated Hampton, 71–49, to advance to play Villanova. All teams were seeded from 1 to 16 within their regions, the Selection Committee seeded the entire field from 1 to 65. In a practice used since 2004, the ranking of the four top seeds against each other would determine the pairings in the Final Four, the top overall seed would be seeded to play the fourth overall seed in the national semifinals, should both teams advance that far. In 2006, these rankings were as follows, No.1 Duke, No.2 Connecticut, No.3 Villanova, the four regionals were officially named after the four host cities, a practice which also began in 2004. However, in 2007, the NCAA returned to naming regionals by their geographic location, *Opening Round participants – Number of asterisks denotes number of overtimes. Winner advances to Minneapolis Regional vs, *Monmouth University won the Opening Round game. The America East, Atlantic Sun, Big South, Big West, Ivy, MAAC, MAC, MEAC, Ohio Valley, SoCon, SWAC, Mid-Continent, and Sun Belt conferences all went 0–1. The columns R32, S16, E8, F4, and CG respectively stand for the Round of 32, Sweet Sixteen, Elite Eight, Final Four, and Championship Game. Both George Mason and LSU would fail to receive a bid to either the NCAA Tournament or the NIT, George Mason became the first team from a mid-major conference to reach the Final Four since the UNLVs loss to Duke in 1991
14.
Boston College Eagles men's basketball
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The Boston College Eagles are a Division I college basketball program that represents Boston College in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, United States. The team has competed in the Atlantic Coast Conference since 2005, the Eagles have appeared in 18 NCAA Tournaments in their history, most recently in 2009. Home games have been played at the Conte Forum since 1988, the Eagles are currently coached by Jim Christian. In 1904, the first mens varsity team was sanctioned at Boston College, on December 26 of that year, BC played its first-ever game, losing 8–6 to Battery H of Navy. The team earned its first win that season against Tufts, 23–17, basketball, not a popular sport at the turn of the 20th century, suffered through years of weak fan support and lasted three initial seasons before being abandoned. A brief revival in the early 1920s brought the team back before being dropped again following the 1924–25 season. Through 2013-14, there have been 76 seasons of BC basketball, in 1963, BC hired Boston Celtics legend Bob Cousy as head coach and earned postseason berths in five of his six years in the role, including a trip to the Elite Eight in 1967. Boston College has hired several other notable coaches through the years, including Chuck Daly, Tom Davis, Gary Williams, one player, Rick Kuhn, was found guilty and served time in jail for his efforts in the fix. Before the 1979-80 season, Boston College basketball became a member of the Big East Conference. 1-ranked North Carolina in the 1994 NCAA tourney, Boston College left the Big East in all sports and joined the Atlantic Coast Conference after the 2004-05 season. Among Boston Colleges biggest non-conference rivals in basketball is the University of Massachusetts, the Eagles are 22–17 against their cross-state rival. The Boston College mens basketball team has made 18 overall appearances in the NCAA tournament, the team has played in the NIT10 times. BC has produced four players of the year, John Bagley 83, was the Big East Player of the Year in 1980–1981. Troy Bell 03 was co-Big East Player of the Year in 2000–2001, Jared Dudley 07 was the ACC Player of the Year in 2006–07. Additionally, the Eagles have had one conference rookie of the year, on March 26,1986, Jim OBrien 71 returned to his alma mater as coach of the Boston College Eagles basketball team. Boston College played its season in the Roberts Center in the 1987–88 season and were invited to the NIT, advancing to the semi-finals before being knocked off by regional rival UConn. BC returned to the NIT in 1992 and 1993, in 1994, the Eagles were defeated by Georgetown 81–58 in the first round of the Big East tournament. But, following its invitation to the NCAA, the basketball team went on one of its most historic runs
15.
Pacific Tigers men's basketball
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The University of the Pacific Tigers mens basketball team is an NCAA Division I member, part of the West Coast Conference. The team is based in Stockton, California and they play their home games at the Alex G. Spanos Center and are led by head coach Damon Stoudamire. On July 15,2013, Pacific left the Big West Conference to rejoin the West Coast Conference and it had been a charter member of the WCC since 1952, but left in 1971 to join the Pacific Coast Athletic Association, later renamed to the Big West Conference. In late 2015, investigations into improper academic benefits being provided to basketball players began, on December 11, the school placed head coach Ron Verlin and assistant coach Dwight Young on suspension. On December 18, the school self imposed a ban for 2016. On March 3,2016, the revealed that Verlin. On March 15,2016, Pacific hired 13-year NBA veteran and 1996 NBA Rookie of the Year Damon Stoudamire as head coach, the Tigers have appeared in nine NCAA Tournaments. The Tigers have appeared in one National Invitation Tournament, the Tigers have appeared in three CollegeInsider. com Postseason Tournaments. See Category, Pacific Tigers mens basketball players No.23 – John Gianelli No.32 – Keith Swagerty No.44 – Ron Cornelius No.55 – Michael Olowokandi
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Arena
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An arena is an enclosed area, often circular or oval-shaped, designed to showcase theater, musical performances, or sporting events. The word derives from Latin harena, a particularly fine/smooth sand used to absorb blood in ancient arenas such as the Colosseum in Rome and it is composed of a large open space surrounded on most or all sides by tiered seating for spectators. The key feature of an arena is that the event space is the lowest point, arenas are usually designed to accommodate a large number of spectators. The term arena is used as a synonym for a very large venue such as Pasadenas Rose Bowl. The use of one term over the other has mostly to do with the type of event, the home of the Duke University mens and womens basketball teams would qualify as an arena, but the facility is called Cameron Indoor Stadium. Domed stadiums, which, like arenas, are enclosed but have the larger playing surfaces, such examples of these would be terms such as the arena of war or the arena of love or the political arena. In many fighting games, the stage that opponents are fought in is called an arena. Ice hockey arena Amphitheatre List of indoor arenas by capacity List of stadiums by capacity
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Western United States
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The Western United States, commonly referred to as the American West, the Far West, or simply the West, traditionally refers to the region comprising the westernmost states of the United States. Because European settlement in the U. S. expanded westward after its founding, prior to about 1800, the crest of the Appalachian Mountains was seen as the western frontier. Since then, the frontier moved westward and eventually lands west of the Mississippi River came to be referred to as the West. The West contains several major biomes, the Western U. S. is the largest region of the country, covering more than half the land area of the United States. Given this expansive and diverse geography it is no wonder the region is difficult to specifically define, a majority of the historian respondents placed the eastern boundary of the West east of the Census definition out on the eastern edge of the Great Plains or on the Mississippi River. The survey respondents as a whole showed just how little agreement there was on the boundaries of the West, within a region as large and diverse as the Western United States, smaller areas with more closely shared demographics and geography have developed as subregions. Meanwhile, the states of Idaho, Montana, Oregon and Washington can be considered part of the Northwest or Pacific Northwest, West Texas in the Chihuahuan Desert may be considered as part of the Western U. S. Fort Worth has long laid claim to be Where the West Begins, the West is still one of the most sparsely settled areas in the United States with 49.5 inhabitants per square mile. Only Texas with 78.0 inhabitants/sq mi, Washington with 86.0 inhabitants/sq mi. and California with 213.4 inhabitants/sq mi. exceed the national average of 77.98 inhabitants/sq mi. The entire Western region has also strongly influenced by European, Hispanic or Latino, Asian and Native Americans. African and European Americans, however, continue to wield a stronger political influence because of the rates of citizenship and voting among Asians. The West also contains much of the Native American population in the U. S. particularly in the reservations in the Mountain. The Western United States has a sex ratio than any other region in the United States. Because the tide of development had not yet reached most of the West when conservation became an issue, agencies of the federal government own. National parks are reserved for activities such as fishing, camping, hiking, and boating, but other government lands also allow commercial activities like ranching, logging. The largest city in the region is Los Angeles, located on the West Coast, Other West Coast cities include San Diego, San Bernardino, San Jose, San Francisco, Oakland, Bakersfield, Sacramento, Seattle, Tacoma, and Portland. Prominent cities in the Mountain States include Denver, Colorado Springs, Phoenix, Tucson, Albuquerque, Las Vegas, Salt Lake City, Boise, El Paso, and Cheyenne. Along the Pacific Ocean coast lie the Coast Ranges, which and they collect a large part of the airborne moisture moving in from the ocean
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Pac-12 Conference
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The Pac-12 Conference is a collegiate athletic conference that operates in the Western United States. It participates in 22 NCAA sports in the NCAAs Division I, its teams compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision. The conferences 12 members are located in Arizona, California, Colorado, Oregon, Utah and they include each states flagship public university, four additional public universities, and two private research universities. It became the Pac-12 in 2011 with the addition of the University of Colorado, with Arizona States softball title in 2011, the conference won its 400th NCAA Championship. The current commissioner of the conference is Larry Scott, Scott replaced Thomas C, hansen, who retired in July 2009 after 26 years in that position. Prior to joining the Pac-10, Scott was Chairman and CEO of the Womens Tennis Association, the Pac-12 has twelve full member institutions. Football currently is the sport where the conference is divided evenly into two geographic divisions, the North Division and the South Division. The Pac-12 spans six states in the Western United States, Arizona, California, Colorado, Oregon, Utah, and Washington. Unusual for a conference, the Pac-12s members are spread evenly between 3 regions, with 4 schools each in California, the Pacific Northwest, and the Four Corners region. The Pac-12 has four affiliate member institutions, three in California and Boise State University in Idaho, the school will maintain its Pac-12 affiliation in wrestling, which the WAC does not sponsor. No school has left the Pac-12 since its founding as the AAWU in 1959, two members of the PCC were not invited to join the AAWU or its successors. As private schools, Stanford and USC are not obligated to publish employees salaries, Eight of the twelve member schools are members of the Association of American Universities, including all of the conferences California schools. The only FBS conference with more AAU members is the Big Ten with 13 out of 14 member institutions having AAU membership, in 2014, of the twelve member schools, nine were ranked in the top 100 universities in the world. Total revenue includes ticket sales, contributions and donations, rights/licensing, student fees, school funds and all sources including TV income, camp income, food. Updated to show institutional reporting to the Department of Education as shown on the DOE Equity in Athletics website for the 2013-14 academic year, the national ranking of revenue is based on 2075 institutions reporting to the Department of Education that year. The roots of the Pac-12 Conference go back to December 2,1915, charter members were the University of California, the University of Washington, the University of Oregon, and Oregon Agricultural College. The conference began play in 1916, one year later, Washington State College joined the league, followed by Stanford University in 1918. In 1922, the PCC expanded to eight teams with the admission of USC, Montana joined the Conference in 1924, and in 1928, the PCC grew to 10 members with the addition of UCLA
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Chemical substance
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A chemical substance is a form of matter that has constant chemical composition and characteristic properties. It cannot be separated into components by physical methods, i. e. without breaking chemical bonds. Chemical substances can be chemical elements, chemical compounds, ions or alloys, Chemical substances are often called pure to set them apart from mixtures. A common example of a substance is pure water, it has the same properties. Other chemical substances commonly encountered in pure form are diamond, gold, table salt, however, in practice, no substance is entirely pure, and chemical purity is specified according to the intended use of the chemical. Chemical substances exist as solids, liquids, gases, or plasma, Chemical substances may be combined or converted to others by means of chemical reactions. Forms of energy, such as light and heat, are not matter, a chemical substance may well be defined as any material with a definite chemical composition in an introductory general chemistry textbook. According to this definition a chemical substance can either be a chemical element or a pure chemical compound. But, there are exceptions to this definition, a substance can also be defined as a form of matter that has both definite composition and distinct properties. The chemical substance index published by CAS also includes several alloys of uncertain composition, in geology, substances of uniform composition are called minerals, while physical mixtures of several minerals are defined as rocks. Many minerals, however, mutually dissolve into solid solutions, such that a rock is a uniform substance despite being a mixture in stoichiometric terms. Feldspars are an example, anorthoclase is an alkali aluminium silicate. In law, chemical substances may include both pure substances and mixtures with a composition or manufacturing process. For example, the EU regulation REACH defines monoconstituent substances, multiconstituent substances and substances of unknown or variable composition, the latter two consist of multiple chemical substances, however, their identity can be established either by direct chemical analysis or reference to a single manufacturing process. For example, charcoal is a complex, partially polymeric mixture that can be defined by its manufacturing process. Therefore, although the chemical identity is unknown, identification can be made to a sufficient accuracy. The CAS index also includes mixtures, polymers almost always appear as mixtures of molecules of multiple molar masses, each of which could be considered a separate chemical substance. However, the polymer may be defined by a precursor or reaction
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Jon Huntsman Sr.
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Jon Meade Huntsman Sr. is an American businessman and philanthropist. He is the founder of the Huntsman Chemical Corporation, the largest manufacturer of polystyrene in the United States, Huntsman plastics are used in a wide variety of familiar objects, including McDonalds clamshell burger containers and Leggs pantyhose egg shells. Huntsman Corporation also manufactures a variety of organic and inorganic chemicals that include polyurethanes, textiles. Huntsmans philanthropic giving exceeds $1.2 billion, focusing on the areas of research, programs at various universities. Jon Meade Huntsman was born in Blackfoot, Idaho and his mother, Sarah Kathleen, was a homemaker, and his father, Alonzo Blaine Huntsman, was an educator. In 1950 the family moved to Palo Alto, California, where Alonzo pursued graduate studies at Stanford University, earning an M. A. and he then became a superintendent of schools in the Los Altos, California district. Jon Huntsman attended Palo Alto High School, where he became student body president and he was recruited by Harold Zellerbach, chairman of Crown-Zellerbach Paper Company, to attend the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania on a Zellerbach scholarship. He graduated from Wharton in the spring of 1959, a brother of the Sigma Chi fraternity, Huntsman married Karen Haight, daughter of David B. Both are members of the The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, in July,1959, Huntsman left to serve for two years in the U. S. Navy. He subsequently earned an MBA from the University of Southern Californias Marshall School of Business, in 1961, Huntsman was employed by Olson Brothers, Inc. an egg-producing company in Los Angeles. There he rose through the ranks to the position of Vice President of Operations, recognizing that the company sustained substantial losses due to poor packaging, Huntsman became interested in developing a better alternative. His leadership was key in developing the first plastic egg carton, in 1965 he established contact with the polystyrene operations of the Dow Chemical Company. In 1967 he became president of a joint venture between Olson Brothers, Inc. and Dow Chemical, the Dolco Packaging Corporation, plants were constructed in Fullerton, California, in 1971 and in Troy, Ohio, in 1972. Since cash flow was an issue for the new company, Huntsman mortgaged his house, in 1973 the company nearly collapsed when an Arab oil embargo cut off supplies of polystyrene, used to make styrofoam. In 1974, Huntsman Container Corporation created the container for McDonalds Big Mac. The company also developed other products, including the first plastic plates, bowls. In 1976, after completion of its first international plant at Skelmersdale, England, Huntsman continued to serve as CEO of the container business for four more years and held a directorship of Keyes Fiber Company. In 1982, Huntsman founded a new company, Huntsman Chemical Corporation, in Salt Lake City, between 1986 and 2000 Huntsman acquired 36 companies,35 of which turned out to be hugely profitable
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Jon Huntsman Jr.
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He has served in the administrations of five U. S. Presidents and was a candidate for the 2012 Republican presidential nomination. In January 2014, Huntsman was named Chairman of the Washington-based foreign policy think-tank the Atlantic Council and it has been reported he was chosen to be the next Ambassador to Russia in March 2017. Huntsman has served in every administration since Ronald Reagan. He began his career as a White House staff assistant for Ronald Reagan, later as Deputy U. S. Trade Representative under George W. Bush, he launched global trade negotiations in Doha in 2001 and guided the accession of China into the World Trade Organization. He also served as CEO of his family-owned Huntsman Corporation and chairman of the Huntsman Cancer Foundation, in 2009, he was appointed United States Ambassador to China by Barack Obama. While Governor, he was named Chairman of the Western Governors Association, under his leadership, Utah was named the best managed state in America by the Pew Center on the States. He won re-election in 2008 with nearly 78% of the vote, Huntsman was born March 26,1960 in Redwood City, California. His mother is Karen Huntsman, daughter of LDS Church apostle David B, haight, and his father is billionaire businessman and philanthropist Jon Huntsman Sr. of the Huntsman Corporation. Through his father, Huntsman Jr. is the great-great-great-grandson of early LDS Church leader Parley P. Pratt, at age 15 in 1975, Huntsman earned the rank of Eagle Scout, the highest rank of the Boy Scouts of America. Huntsman attended Highland High School in Salt Lake City, but dropped out before graduating to pursue his passion as a player in a rock band called Wizard. Huntsman later obtained a G. E. D. and enrolled at the University of Utah, where he became, like his father, a member of the Sigma Chi fraternity. Huntsman served as a Mormon missionary in Taiwan for two years and later transferred to the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Bachelor of Arts in international politics in 1987. While visiting the White House in 1971 during his fathers service as Special Assistant to the President and he worked as a White House staff assistant in President Ronald Reagans administration in 1983. From 1987 to 1988, Huntsman and his family lived and worked in Taipei, in the 1988 presidential election, he was a state delegate at the 1988 Republican National Convention. Under President George H. W. Bush, Huntsman was deputy assistant secretary in the International Trade Administration from 1989 to 1990 and he subsequently served as Deputy Assistant Secretary of Commerce for trade development and commerce for East Asian and Pacific Affairs, serving from 1990 to 1991. In June 1992, Bush appointed Huntsman to become U. S. Ambassador to Singapore and he became the youngest U. S. Ambassador to serve in over 100 years. In January 2001, after George W. Bush took office as President, in March, he reportedly turned down the nomination to be the U. S. Ambassador to Indonesia. On March 28, Bush appointed Huntsman to be one of two Deputy United States Trade Representatives in his administration, he served in this role from 2001 to 2003, in March 2003, Huntsman resigned his post in the Bush administration
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Vivint Smart Home Arena
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Vivint Smart Home Arena is an indoor arena located in Salt Lake City, Utah. The building is owned by Jazz Basketball Investors, Inc. the estate of Larry H. Miller and it seats 19,911 for basketball, has 56 luxury suites, and 668 club seats. Opened in 1991, the arena was known as the Delta Center, under a naming deal with Delta Air Lines which has a hub at Salt Lake City International Airport. Salt Lake City-based EnergySolutions purchased the rights in November 2006. From 2006 to 2015 it was known as EnergySolutions Arena, on October 26,2015, the arena was renamed as part of a 10-year naming rights contract with the Provo, Utah-based home security system provider Vivint. On September 21,2016, the Utah Jazz announced plans to renovate, the arena was also home to the figure skating and short track speed skating competitions of the 2002 Winter Olympics, where it was referred to as the Salt Lake Ice Center. The arena was originally imagined as 20, 000-seat home for the Utah Jazz and Salt Lake Golden Eagles to replace the arena of the Salt Palace. Under the leadership and private financing of Utah businessman Larry H, the Eagles had also played the inaugural game in the Salt Palace arena when it opened on October 10,1969. The Eagles, which were purchased by Miller in 1990, lost nearly a million dollars annually, the first basketball game played in the arena was a Jazz pre-season loss against Patrick Ewing and the New York Knicks, 101–95. In addition to sports, the arena was intended to host large music concerts, on October 24,1991, Oingo Boingo became the first headlining act to rock the Delta Center. The 1993–95 Western Athletic Conference mens basketball tournaments were held at the facility, the Delta Center also hosted games of the 1997 and 1998 NBA Finals between the Jazz and Chicago Bulls. The arenas roof was damaged by severe winds associated with the Salt Lake City Tornado of August 11,1999, the facility played host to the 1999 US Figure Skating Championships. The arena was home to the figure skating and short track speed skating competitions of the 2002 Winter Olympics. Notably, on June 8,1996, the Delta Center hosted what was then the largest crowd in the history of American minor league hockey,17,381 fans attended Game 4 of the 1996 Turner Cup Finals. The Grizzlies won 3–2 in overtime, completing a sweep of the Orlando Solar Bears. In 2002, the arena upgraded its system with ribbon display technology and auxiliary scoreboards from Brookings. The movie Legally Blonde 2 was partially filmed in the arena, dan Roberts serves as the official Vivint Smart Home Arena public address voice for the Jazz. He has been the Jazzs home game announcer since before the arena was built, Vivint Smart Home Arena is well known for being one of the hardest places to play for visiting teams in the NBA
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Utah Stars
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The Utah Stars were an American Basketball Association team based in Salt Lake City, Utah, USA. Under head coach Bill Sharman the Stars were the first major basketball team to use a pre-game shootaround. The team was founded as the Anaheim Amigos, a member of the ABA based in Anaheim. They played at the Anaheim Convention Center, the teams colors were orange and black. The Anaheim Amigos were founded by Art Kim, a Hawaii native who had long active in basketball as a player, Amateur Athletic Union administrator. The Amigos lost the very first ABA game to Oakland, 132-129 and they finished their first season with 25 wins and 53 losses, good for fifth place in the Western Division but not good enough to make the playoffs. The Amigos lost $500,000 in their first season, largely due to attendance, they only averaged 1,500 fans per game in a 7. Chamberlain did not sign with the Stars, with 33 wins and 45 losses, the Stars improved from their first season but again finished fifth in the Western Division and did not make the playoffs. First year players Mack Calvin and Willie Wise signed with the Stars, the Stars finished fourth in the Western Division with a record of 43-41, earning the first winning season in franchise history and a playoff berth. Kirst had not anticipated the fast turnaround, and did not book the Sports Arena for several dates and they had to play several first and second round games in their old home in Anaheim, as well as at the Long Beach Sports Arena in Long Beach. This turned out to be their game as the Los Angeles Stars. Despite a promising young roster, the Stars were more or less an afterthought in a market whose first choices were the Los Angeles Lakers and UCLA Bruins, they only averaged 2,500 fans per game. In June 1970, Kirst sold the team to Colorado cable TV pioneer Bill Daniels, zelmo Beaty suited up for the team and the Stars finished second in the Western Division with their best record yet,57 wins and 27 losses. The Stars won their first division championship, winning the Western Division with a record of 60-24, the Stars defeated the Dallas Chaparrals 4 games to none in the Western Division semifinals before falling to the Indiana Pacers in the Western Division finals,4 games to 3. The Stars hosted the ABA All Star Game and again won the Western Division with a record of 55-29, the Stars defeated the San Diego Conquistadors 4 games to none in the Western Division semifinals but lost in the Western Division finals 4 games to 2 to the Indiana Pacers. In 1973–74 the Stars finished with a record of 51-33 and won first place in the ABAs Western Division for the third year under new coach Joe Mullaney. It was the Stars third straight Western Division title, the Stars then lost the championship to the New York Nets 4 games to 1. This was the Stars final full ABA season, Daniels was almost broke due to a series of failed business ventures and an unsuccessful run for governor of Colorado
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