Joseph Ballard Atherton (1837–1903) was a Honolulu businessman and a former president of Castle & Cooke. He was a member of the Annexation group, which overthrew the Kingdom of Hawaii. He was the founder of Honolulu YMCA. Atherton was a member of both Kalākaua's Privy Council of State and Liliʻuokalani's Privy Council of State.
Joseph Ballard Atherton
Atherton (sat at center) with the Cooke family, about 1874, N-0676, Mission Houses Museum Archives
Kalākaua's Privy Council of State
The Privy Council of State of the Kingdom of Hawaii was a constitutionally-created body purposed to advise and consent to acts made by the monarch. The cabinet ministers were ex-officio members. Both the cabinet and other privy counselors were appointed and dismissed by the monarch according to his personal wishes. The 1887 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii made a key change in regards to the cabinet ministers. The monarch was still empowered to appoint the ministers, but only the legislature, or a voluntary resignation, could remove them from office.
King Kalākaua painting by William F. Cogswell
Image: Chun Afong (PP 67 2 011)
Image: Luther Aholo in 1886
Image: Elisha Hunt Allen