Democratic Party (United States)
The Democratic Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Republican Party. Tracing its heritage back to Thomas Jefferson and James Madison's Democratic-Republican Party, the modern-day Democratic Party was founded around 1828 by supporters of Andrew Jackson, making it the world's oldest active political party; the Democrats' dominant worldview was once social conservatism and economic liberalism, while populism was its leading characteristic in the rural South. In 1912, Theodore Roosevelt ran as a third-party candidate in the Progressive Party, beginning a switch of political platforms between the Democratic and Republican Party over the coming decades, leading to Woodrow Wilson being elected as the first fiscally progressive Democrat. Since Franklin D. Roosevelt and his New Deal coalition in the 1930s, the Democratic Party has promoted a social liberal platform, supporting social justice. Well into the 20th century, the party had conservative pro-business and Southern conservative-populist anti-business wings.
The New Deal Coalition of 1932–1964 attracted strong support from voters of recent European extraction—many of whom were Catholics based in the cities. After Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal of the 1930s, the pro-business wing withered outside the South. After the racial turmoil of the 1960s, most Southern whites and many Northern Catholics moved into the Republican Party at the presidential level; the once-powerful labor union element became less supportive after the 1970s. White Evangelicals and Southerners became Republican at the state and local level since the 1990s. People living in metropolitan areas, women and gender minorities, college graduates, racial and ethnic minorities in the United States, such as Jewish Americans, Hispanic Americans, Asian Americans, Arab Americans and African Americans, tend to support the Democratic Party much more than they support the rival Republican Party; the Democratic Party's philosophy of modern liberalism advocates social and economic equality, along with the welfare state.
It seeks to provide government regulation in the economy. These interventions, such as the introduction of social programs, support for labor unions, affordable college tuitions, moves toward universal health care and equal opportunity, consumer protection and environmental protection form the core of the party's economic policy. Fifteen Democrats have served as President of the United States; the first was President Andrew Jackson, the seventh president and served from 1829 to 1837. The most recent was President Barack Obama, the 44th president and held office from 2009 to 2017. Following the 2018 midterm elections, the Democrats held a majority in the House of Representatives, "trifectas" in 14 states, the mayoralty of numerous major American cities, such as Boston, Los Angeles, New York City, San Francisco, Portland and Washington, D. C. Twenty-three state governors were Democrats, the Party was the minority party in the Senate and in most state legislatures; as of March 2019, four of the nine Justices of the Supreme Court had been appointed by Democratic presidents.
Democratic Party officials trace its origins to the inspiration of the Democratic-Republican Party, founded by Thomas Jefferson, James Madison and other influential opponents of the Federalists in 1792. That party inspired the Whigs and modern Republicans. Organizationally, the modern Democratic Party arose in the 1830s with the election of Andrew Jackson. Since the nomination of William Jennings Bryan in 1896, the party has positioned itself to the left of the Republican Party on economic issues, they have been more liberal on civil rights issues since 1948. On foreign policy, both parties have changed position several times; the Democratic Party evolved from the Jeffersonian Republican or Democratic-Republican Party organized by Jefferson and Madison in opposition to the Federalist Party of Alexander Hamilton and John Adams. The party favored republicanism; the Democratic-Republican Party came to power in the election of 1800. After the War of 1812, the Federalists disappeared and the only national political party left was the Democratic-Republicans.
The era of one-party rule in the United States, known as the Era of Good Feelings, lasted from 1816 until the early 1830s, when the Whig Party became a national political group to rival the Democratic-Republicans. However, the Democratic-Republican Party still had its own internal factions, they split over the choice of a successor to President James Monroe and the party faction that supported many of the old Jeffersonian principles, led by Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren, became the modern Democratic Party. As Norton explains the transformation in 1828: Jacksonians believed the people's will had prevailed. Through a lavishly financed coalition of state parties, political leaders, newspaper editors, a popular movement had elected the president; the Democrats became the nation's first well-organized national party and tight party organization became the hallmark of nineteenth-century American politics. Opposing factions led by Henry Clay helped form the Whig Party; the Democratic Party had a small yet decisive advantage over the Whigs until the 1850s, when the Whigs fell apart over the issue of slavery.
In 1854, angry with the Kansas–Nebraska Act, anti-slavery Dem
Joseph P. Teasdale
Joseph Patrick Teasdale was an American politician. A Democrat, he served as the 48th Governor of Missouri from 1977 to 1981. Teasdale was born in Missouri to parents William and Adah Teasdale. Teasdale's father was a prominent Kansas City attorney, His grandfather, William B. Teasdale, was an attorney and member of the Missouri State Senate and considered "One of the men who made Kansas City." Joseph Teasdale and his three sisters were raised as devout Catholics. Teasdale was a multi-sport athlete while attending Rockhurst High School and would be inducted into the school's Athletic Hall of Fame. Following graduation from high school he attended St. Benedict's College in Atchison, Kansas where he was a member of the schools 1954 NAIA National Champion basketball team. Teasdale earned an undergraduate degree from Rockhurst University, a law degree from Saint Louis University School of Law. From 1962 to 1966, Joe Teasdale served as Assistant United States Attorney for the Western District of Missouri, where among his other duties he led the organized crime division.
It was in the early 1960s that he enlisted in the United States Air Force Reserve, with his primary duty being at Whiteman Air Force Base where Airman 3rd Class Teasdale performed legal staff duties for the 442nd Military Airlift Wing. Teasdale was elected Prosecuting Attorney for Jackson County, Missouri in 1966, becoming the youngest person to hold that office, he ran his first statewide campaign in 1972. Though defeated in the primary, his innovative campaign style earned him name recognition around Missouri and a nickname, "Walkin' Joe"; the name came about due to his habit of walking door-to-door all across the Show-Me state greeting potential supporters. It is thought. Teasdale campaign officials estimated that he had walked over 1,000 miles in the months leading up to the primary. Though he lost the primary to Ed Dowd it set the stage for Teasdale to make another, run in 1976; the 1976 Missouri gubernatorial election provided one of the most surprising upsets in the state's history. Running on a platform of working for common Missourians and vowing to fight big utility company rate hikes, Teasdale painted first-term incumbent Kit Bond as being too friendly to big business interests.
The tactic proved successful with many voters angered at Bond's approval of rate hikes, in what many considered an upset Teasdale was elected governor by 13,000 votes. The victory prompted CBS News anchorman Dan Rather to quip on the air "..the story in the Midwest is not Jimmy Carter, it's Walkin' Joe Teasdale!" True to his word on the campaign trail once in the governors office Teasdale fought against utility companies by appointing new members to the Missouri Public Service Commission, the state agency tasked with approving or denying rates. Among other accomplishments were establishing the state's first Division of Aging, boosting funding for the Department of Mental Health, overseeing the rewriting of numerous health laws. Teasdale advocated for the Nursing Home Reform Act and removal of sales tax on prescription drugs, he proved willing to reach across party lines as well, supporting Republican Mel Hancock's amendment to limit state taxes. Teasdale came out against the Meramec Dam project which would have affected rivers in areas southwest of St. Louis.
He signed legislation reinstating the death penalty in Missouri in 1977, but regretted the decision. In 1980 Teasdale made state history by becoming the first Missouri governor in 140 years to have a veto overridden by the state legislature, he angered many in his own party by opposing the cost of constructing the Harry S. Truman state office building in Jefferson City; that anger manifested itself again in 1980 as Teasdale faced a tough Democratic primary challenge from then-State Treasurer Jim Spainhower. He was successful in holding off Spainhower but lost a bitter rematch in the November 1980 general election with Kit Bond. After leaving the governorship in early 1981 Joe Teasdale returned to the Kansas City area and established a law practice. One of his most notable cases was representing victims and surviving family of the Hyatt Regency walkway collapse. An avid outdoorsman all his life, he spent time on hunting and fishing trips. Teasdale avoided state politics after his defeat, telling one newspaper reporter in 1993 "I wanted to become a normal person again, I wasn't normal before.
For 20 years I was consumed by politics." In the late 1990s, his position on capital punishment having changed, he worked to achieve clemency for David Leisure, a man convicted of murder for a 1980 car bombing in St. Louis. In 1973, Teasdale was wed to the former Theresa Ferkenhoff; the couple had three sons, Bill and Kevin. His middle son, was a multisport standout at Rockhurst High School like his father before him, played offensive tackle at the University of Notre Dame. Joe Teasdale died on May 8, 2014, in Kansas City, Missouri, of complications from pneumonia
Roy Blunt
Roy Dean Blunt is an American politician, the senior United States Senator from Missouri, serving since 2011. A member of the Republican Party, he served as a member of the United States House of Representatives and as Missouri Secretary of State. Born in Niangua, Blunt is a graduate of Southwest Baptist University and Missouri State University. After serving as Missouri Secretary of State from 1985 to 1993, he was elected to the U. S. House of Representatives for Missouri's 7th Congressional District in 1996. There he served as Republican Whip from 2003 to 2009. Blunt ran for United States Senate in 2010; the following year, he was elected vice-chairman of the Senate Republican Conference. Blunt is the dean of Missouri's Congressional delegation, was elected to serve as Policy Committee chairman in November 2018. Blunt was born in Niangua, the son of Neva Dora and Leroy Blunt, a politician, he earned a B. A. degree in history in 1970 from Southwest Baptist University. During his time in college, he received three draft deferments from the Vietnam War.
Two years he earned a master's degree in history from Missouri State University. Blunt was a high school history teacher at Marshfield High School from 1970 to 1972, taught at Southwest Baptist University and as a member of the adjunct faculty at Drury University, he went on to serve as president of Southwest Baptist University, his alma mater, from 1993-96. Blunt entered politics in 1973, when he was appointed county clerk and chief election official of Greene County, Missouri, he was subsequently served a total of 12 years. In 1980 incumbent Republican Lieutenant Governor Bill Phelps ran for governor. Blunt, the Greene County Clerk, decided to run for the open seat and won the Republican primary, but lost the general election to State Representative Ken Rothman 56%–44%. In 1984, after incumbent Democratic Missouri Secretary of State James C. Kirkpatrick decided to retire, Blunt ran for the position and won the Republican primary with 79% of the vote. In the general election, he defeated Democratic State Representative Gary D. Sharpe 54%–46%.
He became the first Republican to hold the post in 50 years. In 1988, he won reelection against Democrat James Askew 61%–38%. Since incumbent Republican Governor John Ashcroft was term-limited, Blunt ran for the governorship in 1992. Missouri Attorney General William Webster won the Republican primary, defeating Blunt and Missouri Treasurer Wendell Bailey 44%–40%–15%. Webster lost the general election to Mel Carnahan. In 1996 Blunt decided to run for the United States House of Representatives after incumbent U. S. Representative Mel Hancock honored his pledge to serve only four terms. Blunt ran in Missouri's 7th congressional district, the state's most conservative district, in the Ozark Mountains in the southwest. Blunt's political action committee is the Rely on Your Beliefs Fund. On August 6, 1996, he won the Republican primary, defeating Gary Nodler 56%–44%. In the general election, he defeated Democrat Ruth Bamberger 65%–32%. EducationBlunt supported the No Child Left Behind Act, he voted in favor of school vouchers within the District of Columbia but against broader legislation allowing states to use federal money to issue vouchers for private or religious schools.
He received a 17% rating from the National Education Association in 2003. Fiscal issuesBlunt received a 97% rating from the United States Chamber of Commerce, he supported efforts to overhaul U. S. bankruptcy laws, requiring consumers who seek bankruptcy protection to repay more of their debts. Blunt opposes federal cap and trade legislation and supports drilling for oil on the U. S. coastline. He does not believe in man-made global warming, stating: "There isn't any real science to say we are altering the climate or path of the Earth." Gun policyBlunt voted to prohibit lawsuits against gun manufacturers and dealers if the guns they manufacture or sell are used in a crime. He has voted to require anyone who purchases a gun at a gun show to go through a background check that must be completed within 24 hours, he has received an "A" rating from the National Rifle Association. Health policyBlunt chaired the House Republican Health Care Solutions Group. In 2006, Blunt advocated for legislation that placed restrictions on over-the-counter cold medicines that could be used in the production of methamphetamines.
The legislation, called the Combat Meth Act, was opposed by retail and drug lobbyists. In August 2009, Blunt stated in two separate newspaper interviews that, because he was 59 years old, "In either Canada or Great Britain, if I broke my hip, I couldn't get it replaced." He stated he had heard the statement in Congressional testimony by "some people who are supposed to be experts on Canadian health care." The PolitiFact service of the St. Petersburg Times reported that it could not find any such testimony. In 2012, Blunt attempted to add an amendment to a highway funding bill that would allow employers to refuse to provide health insurance for birth control and contraceptives. In a press release, Blunt defended the amendment on the grounds that it protected the First Amendment rights of religious employers. Minimum wageBlunt voted against HR 2007-018, which raised the federal minimum wage to $7.25 per hour. Social issuesHe has voted to ban partial-birth abortions and to restrict or criminalize transporting minors across state lines for the purpose of getting an abortion.
He opposes federal funding for elective abortions in accordance with the Hyde Amendment. He voted in favor of the unsuccessful Federal Marriage Amendment which sought to
Missouri
Missouri is a state in the Midwestern United States. With over six million residents, it is the 18th-most populous state of the Union; the largest urban areas are St. Louis, Kansas City and Columbia; the state is the 21st-most extensive in area. In the South are the Ozarks, a forested highland, providing timber and recreation; the Missouri River, after which the state is named, flows through the center of the state into the Mississippi River, which makes up Missouri's eastern border. Humans have inhabited the land now known as Missouri for at least 12,000 years; the Mississippian culture built mounds, before declining in the 14th century. When European explorers arrived in the 17th century they encountered the Osage and Missouria nations; the French established Louisiana, a part of New France, founded Ste. Genevieve in 1735 and St. Louis in 1764. After a brief period of Spanish rule, the United States acquired the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. Americans from the Upland South, including enslaved African Americans, rushed into the new Missouri Territory.
Missouri was admitted as a slave state as part of the Missouri Compromise. Many from Virginia and Tennessee settled in the Boonslick area of Mid-Missouri. Soon after, heavy German immigration formed the Missouri Rhineland. Missouri played a central role in the westward expansion of the United States, as memorialized by the Gateway Arch; the Pony Express, Oregon Trail, Santa Fe Trail, California Trail all began in Missouri. As a border state, Missouri's role in the American Civil War was complex and there were many conflicts within. After the war, both Greater St. Louis and the Kansas City metropolitan area became centers of industrialization and business. Today, the state is divided into the independent city of St. Louis. Missouri's culture blends elements from Southern United States; the musical styles of ragtime, Kansas City jazz, St. Louis Blues developed in Missouri; the well-known Kansas City-style barbecue, lesser-known St. Louis-style barbecue, can be found across the state and beyond. Missouri is a major center of beer brewing.
Missouri wine is produced in Ozarks. Missouri's alcohol laws are among the most permissive in the United States. Outside of the state's major cities, popular tourist destinations include the Lake of the Ozarks, Table Rock Lake, Branson. Well-known Missourians include U. S. President Harry S. Truman, Mark Twain, Walt Disney, Chuck Berry, Nelly; some of the largest companies based in the state include Cerner, Express Scripts, Emerson Electric, Edward Jones, H&R Block, Wells Fargo Advisors, O'Reilly Auto Parts. Missouri has been called the "Mother of the West" and the "Cave State"; the state is named for the Missouri River, named after the indigenous Missouri Indians, a Siouan-language tribe. It is said that they were called the ouemessourita, meaning "those who have dugout canoes", by the Miami-Illinois language speakers; this appears to be folk etymology—the Illinois spoke an Algonquian language and the closest approximation that can be made in that of their close neighbors, the Ojibwe, is "You Ought to Go Downriver & Visit Those People."
This would be an odd occurrence, as the French who first explored and attempted to settle the Mississippi River got their translations during that time accurate giving things French names that were exact translations of the native tongue. Assuming Missouri were deriving from the Siouan language, it would translate as "It connects to the side of it," in reference to the river itself; this is not likely either, as this would be coming out as "Maya Sunni" Most though, the name Missouri comes from Chiwere, a Siouan language spoken by people who resided in the modern day states of Wisconsin, South Dakota, Missouri & Nebraska. The name "Missouri" has several different pronunciations among its present-day natives, the two most common being and. Further pronunciations exist in Missouri or elsewhere in the United States, involving the realization of the first syllable as either or. Any combination of these phonetic realizations may be observed coming from speakers of American English; the linguistic history was treated definitively by Donald M. Lance, who acknowledged that the question is sociologically complex, but that no pronunciation could be declared "correct", nor could any be defined as native or outsider, rural or urban, southern or northern, educated or otherwise.
Politicians employ multiple pronunciations during a single speech, to appeal to a greater number of listeners. Informal respellings of the state's name, such as "Missour-ee" or "Missour-uh", are used informally to phonetically distinguish pronunciations. There is no official state nickname. However, Missouri's unofficial nickname is the "Show Me State"; this phrase has several origins. One is popularly ascribed to a speech by Congressman Willard Vandiver in 1899, who declared that "I come from a state that raises corn and cotton and Democrats, frothy eloquence neither convinces nor satisfies me. I'm from Missouri, you have got to show me." This is in keeping with the saying "I'm from Missouri" which means "I'm skeptical of the matter and not convinced." However, according to researchers, the phrase "show me" was in use
Warrensburg, Missouri
Warrensburg is a city in Johnson County, United States. The population was 18,838 at the 2010 census, it is the county seat of Johnson County. The Warrensburg Micropolitan Statistical Area consists of Johnson County, it is home to the University of Central Missouri. Warrensburg was founded in 1835 by European-American settlers John and Martin D. Warren, who gave the town their last name. A post office called Warrensburg has been in operation since 1837; the phrase "Man's best friend" is based on a famous trial over the killing of Old Drum, a dog commemorated by a statue in front of the Warrensburg Courthouse. Warrensburg is located at 38°45′47″N 93°44′06″W. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 8.92 square miles, of which, 8.85 square miles is land and 0.07 square miles is water. The current mayor is Danielle Johnston; as of the census of 2010, there were 18,838 people, 6,803 households, 3,400 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,128.6 inhabitants per square mile.
There were 7,450 housing units at an average density of 841.8 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 85.3% White, 7.5% African American, 0.5% Native American, 2.8% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 0.7% from other races, 3.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.1% of the population. There were 6,803 households of which 26.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.1% were married couples living together, 10.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.5% had a male householder with no wife present, 50.0% were non-families. 31.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.1% had someone living alone, 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.96. The median age in the city was 23.7 years. 17.6% of residents were under the age of 18. The gender makeup of the city was 49.5% male and 50.5% female. As of the census of 2000, there were 16,340 people, 5,951 households, 3,035 families residing in the city.
The population density was 1,938.5 people per square mile. There were 6,380 housing units at an average density of 756.9 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 90% White, 6.46% African American, 0.64% Native American, 2.79% Asian, 0.14% Pacific Islander, 0.78% from other races, 2.28% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.44% of the population. There were 3,951 households out of which 26.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.5% were married couples living together, 9.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 49.0% were non-families. 30.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.5% had someone living alone, 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.93. In the city, the population was spread out with 18.0% under the age of 18, 36.5% from 18 to 24, 22.8% from 25 to 44, 12.9% from 45 to 64, 9.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 23 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.8 males.
For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.4 males. The median income for a household in the city was $29,332, the median income for a family was $45,845. Males had a median income of $30,354 versus $22,154 for females; the per capita income for the city was $14,714. About 13.6% of families and 24.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.1% of those under age 18 and 11.4% of those age 65 or over. Public elementary and secondary schools in Warrensburg are part of the Warrensburg R-VI School District; the district includes four elementary schools for grades preschool through fifth grade. Maple Grove and Ridgeview Elementary schools are for grades preschool through second grade while Martin Warren and Sterling elementary schools house students in grades three through five. Warrensburg Middle School serves students in grades six through eight and Warrensburg High School is for grades nine through 12; the district operates the Reese Education Center, which houses the Gateway Alternative School and the district's special needs and gifted education programs.
The Warrensburg Area Career Center specializes in vocational education for high school-aged students in Warrensburg and Johnson County. The city is home of the University of Central Missouri, known as Central Missouri State University until 2006; the university offers programs in 150 areas of study and serves 12,500 students as of 2014. Warrensburg has a branch of the Trails Regional Library. US 50 - Links to Lee's Summit and further to Kansas City to the west and Sedalia to the east. Route 13 - or Maguire Street divides the town in half though Old Highway 13 or Holden Street forms the division between east and west; this is a highway linking Warrensburg to Interstate 70 to the north, Truman Lake to the south. Skyhaven Airport Warrensburg provides Amtrak service to/from Kansas City and St. Louis and other cities via connecting trains. Jefferson Lines bus service to/from Kansas City and Springfield, Missouri "Emergency Taxi Service" – Taxi service serving the Johnson County area; the Daily Star-Journal – daily DigitalBurg.com – Online Local news provided by The Muleskinner, the University of Central Missouri weekly student newspaper.
KMOS-TV, PBS 6.1, CREATE CHANNEL 6.2 and PBS WORLD 6.3. The city of license is Syracuse, MO; the offices and studios are located on the campus of UCM in Warrensburg. John William'Blind' Boone.
Sedalia, Missouri
Sedalia is a city located 30 miles south of the Missouri River and, as the county seat of Pettis County, United States, it is the principal city of the Sedalia Micropolitan Statistical Area, which consists of Pettis County. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 21,387. Sedalia is the location of the Missouri State Fair and the Scott Joplin Ragtime Festival. U. S. Routes 50 and 65 intersect in the city. Indigenous peoples lived along the Missouri River and its tributaries for thousands of years before European contact. Historians believe; when the land was first settled by European Americans, bands of Shawnee, who had migrated from east of the Mississippi River, lived in the vicinity of Sedalia. The area that became the European-American city of Sedalia was founded by General George Rappeen Smith, who founded nearby Smithton, Missouri, he filed plans for the official record on November 30, 1857, gave the area the name Sedville. The original plat included the land from today's Missouri Pacific Railroad south to Third Street.
The version jointly filed by General Smith and David W. Bouldin on October 16, 1860, displayed the city extending from Clay Street to the north and to Smith Street in the south, from Missouri Street in the west to Washington Street in the east. During the American Civil War, the U. S. Army had an installation in the area, adding to its boomtown atmosphere of accelerated development as merchants and traders attracted to the military business came to the area. In the post-Civil War period, two railroads were constructed connecting it to other locations, Sedalia grew at a rapid pace, with a rough energy of its travelers and cowboys. From 1866 to 1874, it was a railhead terminus for cattle drives, stockyards occupied a large area. At the same time, the town established schools and other civic amenities. In the late 19th century, Sedalia was well known as a center of vice prostitution, which accompanied its large floating class of railroad workers and commercial travelers. In 1877 the St. Louis Post-Dispatch called Sedalia the "Sodom and Gomorrah of the nineteenth century."
Middle-class businessmen made money off illegal prostitution as building lessees. Reluctant to raise taxes, residents allowed money to run the city. Services were provided from the fines charged to prostitutes. In the 1870s brothels were distributed throughout the city, but in the 1890s, they became more concentrated above businesses on West Main Street, as the middle class tried to isolate less desirable elements in town; these establishments employed musicians piano players, contributing to a thriving musical culture. It fostered the development of many artists, including the renowned ragtime composer Scott Joplin. While the city attracted many commercial travelers and railroad workers, its population of married couples and families grew. By 1900 its population of more than 15,000 made it the fifth-largest city in the state; the entrepreneurial middle class created more formal separations between its residential areas and those of working class whites and African Americans. During World War II, the military built Sedalia Glider Base in Johnson County to the west.
After the war, this facility was transferred to the Strategic Air Command. It was converted to a bomber base, the Whiteman Air Force Base, named after a man from Sedalia, killed in the 1941 Japanese attack at Pearl Harbor. After a massive construction program, the base became the center of 150 ICBM silos and administrative offices; these were decommissioned in the 1990s. Until the city was incorporated in 1860 as Sedalia, it had existed only "on paper" from November 30, 1857 to October 16, 1860. According to local lore, the town council changed the name from Sedville to Sedalia in part because "towns that end in -ville don't amount to anything.". Here is another account: In 1856 General Smith bought the land upon which Sedalia now stands, founded the city, he named it after his daughter Sarah, familiarly known as "Sed". Smith remarked that he had named a flatboat for her elder sister Martha, he first chose the name Sedville but changed it to Sedalia, following the suggestion of a friend, Josiah Dent, of St. Louis.
Dent suggested the change for the sake of euphony. Following a victory for those proposing the "ridge route" for the railway over those advocating the "river route", the railway reached Sedalia in January 1861. Sedalia's early prosperity was directly related to the railroad industry. Many jobs were associated with men maintaining tracks and operating large and varied machine shops run by both the Missouri Pacific and the Missouri-Kansas-Texas Railroad lines; the Missouri-Kansas & Texas Railroad was known as the "KATY," from its "K-T" stock exchange code. Sedalia was an important railhead for the massive Texas cattle drive of 1866, it maintained stockyards to receive cattle from drives and shipping through much of the 19th century. Chicago slaughterhouses were willing to pay any price —longhorns were worth three to four dollars each on the Llano Estacado while in Chicago a steer was worth ten times that amount, it cost about a dollar per head to drive a herd northward to a railroad, thus with these simple economics, the long drive and the cattle bonanza got its start.
During the spring and summer of 1866, some 260,000 head followed the trail
Libertarian Party (United States)
The Libertarian Party is a political party in the United States that promotes civil liberties, non-interventionism, laissez-faire capitalism and shrinking the size and scope of government. The party was conceived at meetings in the home of David F. Nolan in Westminster, Colorado in 1971 and was formed on December 11, 1971 in Colorado Springs, Colorado; the founding of the party was prompted in part due to concerns about the Nixon administration, the Vietnam War and the end of the gold standard. The party promotes a classical liberal platform, in contrast to the Democratic Party's modern liberalism and progressivism and the Republican Party's conservatism. Gary Johnson, the party's presidential nominee in 2012 and 2016, states that the Libertarian Party is more culturally liberal than Democrats, more fiscally conservative than Republicans. Current fiscal policy positions include lowering taxes, abolishing the Internal Revenue Service, decreasing the national debt, allowing people to opt out of Social Security and eliminating the welfare state, in part by utilizing private charities.
Current cultural policy positions include ending the prohibition of illegal drugs, advocating criminal justice reform, supporting same-sex marriage, ending capital punishment and supporting gun ownership rights. Many Libertarians believe in lowering the drinking age. While it is the third largest political party in the United States by voter registration, it has no members in Congress, state legislatures, or governorships. There are 511,277 voters registered as Libertarian in the 31 states that report Libertarian registration statistics and Washington, D. C; the Libertarian Party was the party under which the first electoral vote was cast for a woman for Vice President in the 1972 United States presidential election due to a faithless elector. The first Libertarian National Convention was held in June 1972. In 1978, Dick Randolph of Alaska became the first elected Libertarian state legislator. Following the 1980 federal elections, the Libertarian Party assumed the title of being the third-largest party for the first time after the American Independent Party and the Conservative Party of New York continued to decline.
In 1994, over 40 Libertarians were elected or appointed, a record for the party at that time. 1995 saw a soaring voter registration for the party. In 1996, the Libertarian Party became the first third party to earn ballot status in all 50 states two presidential elections in a row. By the end of 2009, 146 Libertarians were holding elected offices. Tonie Nathan, running as the Libertarian Party's vice presidential candidate in the 1972 presidential election with John Hospers as the presidential candidate, was the first female candidate in the United States to receive an electoral vote; the 2012 election Libertarian Party presidential candidate, former New Mexico Governor Gary Johnson, received the highest number of votes—more than 1.2 million—of any Libertarian presidential candidate at the time. He was renominated for president in 2016, this time choosing former Massachusetts Governor William Weld as his running mate. Johnson/Weld shattered the Libertarian record for a presidential ticket, earning over 4.4 million votes.
Both Johnson and Green Party candidate Jill Stein received more news coverage in 2016 than third-party candidates get, with polls showing both candidates increasing their support over the last election among younger voters. Though the party has never won a seat in the United States Congress, it has seen electoral success in the context of state legislatures and other local offices. Three Libertarians were elected to the Alaska House of Representatives between 1978 and 1984 and another four to the New Hampshire General Court in 1992. Neil Randall, a Libertarian, won the election to the Vermont House of Representatives in 1998 and was re-elected until 2002, which marked the last time to date a Libertarian was elected to a state legislature. Rhode Island State Representative Daniel P. Gordon was expelled from the Republicans and joined the Libertarian Party in 2011. In July 2016 and June 2017, the Libertarians tied their 1992 peak of four legislators when four state legislators from four different states left the Republican Party to join the Libertarian Party: Nevada Assemblyman John Moore in January, Nebraska Senator Laura Ebke and New Hampshire Representative Max Abramson in May and Utah Senator Mark B.
Madsen in July. In the 2016 election cycle and Abramson did not run for re-election to their respective offices while Moore lost his race after the Libertarian Party censured him over his support of taxpayer stadium funding. Ebke was not up for re-election in 2016. New Hampshire Representative Caleb Q. Dyer changed party affiliation to the Libertarian Party from the Republican Party in February 2017. New Hampshire Representative Joseph Stallcop changed party affiliation to the Libertarian Party from the Democratic Party in May 2017. New Hampshire State Legislator Brandon Phinney joined with the Libertarian Party from the Republican Party in June 2017, the third to do so in 2017 and matching their 1992 and 2016 peaks of sitting Libertarian state legislators. In January 2018, sitting New Mexico Commissioner of Public Lands Aubrey Dunn Jr. changed party affiliation from Republican to the Libertarian Party, becoming the first Libertarian statewide officeholder in history. In 1972, "Libertarian Party" was chosen as the party's name, selected over "New Liberty Party".
The first official slogan of the Libertarian Party was "There ain't no such thing as a free lunch" (abbreviated "TANSTAAFL
