The judo competition at the 1964 Summer Olympics was the first time the sport was included in the Summer Olympic Games. As a result, decades of judo being banned in the Soviet Union ended shortly before in order to gain medals. They were awarded in 4 classes, and competition was restricted to men only. The competition was held in the Nippon Budokan, which was built to host the competition.

Isao Okano is a retired judoka who competed in the middleweight division (‍–‍80 kg) in the 1964 Summer Olympics.