Julius Raab was a conservative Austrian politician, who served as Federal Chancellor of Austria from 1953 to 1961. Raab steered Allied-occupied Austria to independence, when he negotiated and signed the Austrian State Treaty in 1955. In internal politics Raab stood for a pragmatic "social partnership" and the "Grand coalition" of Austrian Conservatives and Social Democrats.

Austria was occupied by the Allies and proclaimed independence from Nazi Germany on 27 April 1945, as a result of the Vienna offensive and ended with the Austrian State Treaty on 27 July 1955.