1.
Caltrans
–
The California Department of Transportation is an executive department within the U. S. state of California. Caltrans manages the highway system and is actively involved with public transportation systems throughout the state. It supports Amtrak California and the Capitol Corridor, the department is part of the state cabinet-level California State Transportation Agency. Like the majority of government agencies, Caltrans is headquartered in Sacramento. In 2015, Caltrans released a new statement, Provide a safe, sustainable, integrated and efficient transportation system to enhance California’s economy. The earliest predecessor of Caltrans was the Bureau of Highways, which was created by the California Legislature and this agency consisted of three commissioners who were charged with analyzing the state road system and making recommendations. At the time, there was no highway system, since roads were purely a local responsibility. After the commissioners submitted their report to the governor on November 25,1896, voters approved an $18 million bond issue for the construction of a state highway system in 1910, and the first Highway Commission was convened in 1911. On August 7,1912, the department broke ground on its first construction project, the year 1912 also saw the founding of the Transportation Laboratory and the creation of seven administrative divisions. In 1913, the legislature started requiring vehicle registration and allocated the funds to support regular highway maintenance. In 1921, the legislature turned the Department of Engineering into the Department of Public Works, the history of Caltrans and its predecessor agencies during the 20th century was marked by many firsts. In late 1972, the legislature approved a reorganization in which the Department of Public Works was merged with the Department of Aeronautics to become the modern Department of Transportation, for administrative purposes, Caltrans divides the State of California into 12 districts, supervised by district offices. Most districts cover multiple counties, District 12 is the district with one county. The largest districts by population are District 4 and District 7, like most state agencies, Caltrans maintains its headquarters in Sacramento, which is covered by District 3. Official California Department of Transportation website Named Highways, Freeways, Structures, and Other Appurtenances in California
Caltrans
–
District 7 Headquarters, Los Angeles, birds-eye view (designed by
Thom Mayne (2004))
Caltrans
–
California Department of Transportation (Caltrans)
Caltrans
–
Caltrans District 8 Headquarters, San Bernardino, midheight (2005)
Caltrans
–
Caltrans headquarters in Sacramento
2.
Interstate 280 (California)
–
Interstate 280 is a 57-mile long north–south Interstate Highway in the San Francisco Bay Area of Northern California. It connects San Jose and San Francisco, running along just to the west of the cities of San Francisco Peninsula for most of its route. I-280 from its terminus at U. S.101. One of the signs still indicates that the Junipero Serra Freeway is known as the Worlds Most Beautiful Freeway due to its scenic route through the San Francisco Peninsula. From State Route 1 to the James Lick Freeway in San Francisco it is called the John F Foran Freeway, but is more commonly referred to by its original name. And from the James Lick Freeway to its end at King Street and Fifth Street. This route is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System and is eligible for the State Scenic Highway System, I-280 is one of two 3-digit Interstate designations to appear on opposite coasts of the United States. I-110 in California and Florida is the other designation. The southern end of Interstate 280 begins at U. S.101 in San Jose, the segment of the Junipero Serra Freeway between Cupertino and Daly City has been called the Worlds Most Beautiful Freeway since its dedication in the 1960s. Through much of this segment, the freeway is actually running just inside the rim of the rift valley of the San Andreas Fault. For nearly all of its length, Interstate 280 runs roughly parallel, both freeways are north–south routes connecting San Jose with San Francisco, however, unlike I-280, the route that U. S.101 takes between the two cities goes entirely through urbanized areas. The majority of the population of the San Francisco Peninsula lives somewhere between Interstate 280 and U. S.101, I-280 never intersects with Interstate 80, its parent interstate. The northern terminus of I-280 is within about a mile of I-80s western terminus, although San Francisco has had several opportunities to connect I-280 to I-80, it has chosen to use the money for other purposes. Connecting the two freeways is considered to be politically and financially infeasible at this time, due to the citys strong anti-freeway stance. Instead, 280s northernmost extension primarily functions as a spur into Downtown San Francisco, Most of I-280, in San Jose to Daly City, is designated as the Junipero Serra Freeway in honor of Spanish missionary Junípero Serra, who founded many of Californias missions in the 18th century. The section of I-280 between the James Lick Freeway and its end at 6th and King Streets is called the Southern-Embarcadero Freeway. Major intersections include U. S.101 and State Route 1 in San Francisco, Interstate 380 in San Bruno, State Route 92 in San Mateo, and I-880 and I-680 and U. S. in San Jose. The Junipero Serra Freeway is the name of Interstate 280 from SR1 in San Francisco to SR17, as named by Assembly Concurrent Resolution 140, Chapter 208 in 1967
Interstate 280 (California)
–
Interstate 280 near Stanford University
Interstate 280 (California)
Interstate 280 (California)
–
A view of the scenic portion of Interstate 280
Interstate 280 (California)
–
1955 map of the planned Interstates in the
San Francisco Bay Area. These early plans essentially called for an Interstate loop route that would head south down the San Francisco Peninsula from San Francisco to San Jose, then head north through the eastern cities of the East Bay to
Vallejo. This route now basically comprises present-day I-280, I-680, and
I-780.
3.
South San Francisco, CA
–
South San Francisco is a city in San Mateo County, California, United States, located on the San Francisco Peninsula in the San Francisco Bay Area. The population was 63,632 at the 2010 census, locals often refer to the town as South City, in much the same way that San Francisco is called The City. Despite its name, South San Francisco does not border San Francisco, most of the valley faces San Francisco Bay, affording bay views from higher levels. South San Francisco has mild winters and dry cool summers, the hills to the west shield the city from much of the fog that prevails in neighboring areas. The city is noted for the South San Francisco Hillside Sign on Sign Hill, the sign, a tribute to the citys industrial past, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The area which is now South San Francisco was originally part of Rancho Buri Buri, in 1853 Charles Lux and a business partner, Alfred Edmondson, purchased 1,700 acres of Rancho Buri Buri. Lux bought out Edmonson’s interest in 1856 and founded the town of Baden, in 1855 Lux bought another 1,464 acres of Rancho Buri Buri land and became a partner of fellow San Francisco butcher and entrepreneur Henry Miller, forming the firm of Miller & Lux. A city plan was put forward in 1888 by Gustavus Franklin Swift, the plan called for multiple individual meat-packing companies with a shared stockyard, as well as a residential area for employees. Swift proposed the name South San Francisco based on South Chicago and South Omaha, where the Swift company already had plants. In 1890 Peter E. Iler of Omaha, Nebraska, an agent of the Beef Trust, purchased Luxs property, the area was divided into industrial and residential districts, and the company installed lighting, sewer connections, and water distributions in the residential areas. A second corporation, eventually known as the Western Meat Company, set up stock yards and meat packing facilities on 80 acres of bayfront property, other industries soon moved in, including a pottery works, two brick companies, the paint manufacturer W. P. Fuller & Company, the South San Francisco Lumber Company, following incorporation additional industries moved into the town, including two steel mills. A new City Hall was opened on November 11,1920, by the 1920s the city was the smokestack capital of the Peninsula. South San Francisco proudly called itself The Industrial City, a motto immortalized in 1923 by a sign on a hillside overlooking the city. Industry remained the main economic focus through the 1950s. During World War II shipbuilding also became a significant operation, at the end of the war the citys focus shifted away from smokestack industries toward light industry, warehousing, and residential development. The major manufacturers closed, and new development was focused on office parks, housing, high-rise hotels, the biotechnology giant Genentech opened in 1976, leading to South San Franciscos new identity as the birthplace of biotechnology. The population grew to 63,632 as of the 2010 census, South San Francisco is located at 37°39′22″N 122°25′32″W
South San Francisco, CA
–
South San Francisco as viewed from a nearby ridge
South San Francisco, CA
–
South San Francisco High School, also known as South City High
South San Francisco, CA
–
The "South San Francisco The Industrial City" sign
South San Francisco, CA
–
Headquarters of
See's Candies on El Camino Real, South San Francisco
4.
California State Route 1
–
State Route 1 is a major north-south state highway that runs along most of the Pacific coastline of the U. S. state of California. At a total of just over 655.8 miles, it is the longest state route in California, Highway 1 has several portions designated as either Pacific Coast Highway, Cabrillo Highway, Shoreline Highway, or Coast Highway. Its southern terminus is at Interstate 5 near Dana Point in Orange County, Highway 1 also at times runs concurrently with US101, most notably through a 54-mile stretch in Ventura and Santa Barbara counties, and across the Golden Gate Bridge. The highway is designated as an All-American Road, SR1 was built piecemeal in various stages, with the first section opening in the Big Sur region in the 1930s. However, portions of the route had several names and numbers over the years as more segments opened and it was not until the 1964 state highway renumbering that the entire route was officially designated as Highway 1. Highway 1 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System and is eligible for the State Scenic Highway System, however, only a few stretches between Los Angeles and San Francisco have officially been designated as a scenic highway. The Big Sur section from San Luis Obispo to Carmel is an official National Scenic Byway, the entire route is designated as a Blue Star Memorial Highway to recognize those in the United States armed forces. In Southern California, the California Legislature has designated the segment between Interstate 5 in Dana Point and US101 near Oxnard as the Pacific Coast Highway, the legislature has also designated the route as the Shoreline Highway between the Manzanita Junction near Marin City and Leggett. Smaller segments of the highway have been assigned other names by the state. The legislature has relinquished state control of segments within Dana Point, Newport Beach, Santa Monica, and Oxnard. The route annually helps bring several billion dollars to the tourism industry. Segments of Highway 1 range from a rural road to an urban freeway. Because of the former, long distance thru traffic traveling between the metropolitan areas are instead advised to use faster routes such as US101 or I-5. At its southernmost end in Orange County, Highway 1 terminates at I-5 in Capistrano Beach in Dana Point and it then travels west into the city center. After leaving Dana Point, Highway 1 continues northwest along the coast through Laguna Beach, Highway 1 then enters Newport Beach, where it is known as simply Coast Highway. Upon entering Huntington Beach, Highway 1 regains the Pacific Coast Highway designation and it passes Huntington State Beach and the southern terminus of California State Route 39 before reaching Bolsa Chica State Beach and the Bolsa Chica Ecological Reserve. PCH then continues along the coast into Seal Beach, the city on its journey in Orange County. PCH enters Los Angeles County and the city of Long Beach after crossing the San Gabriel River, Highway 1 then continues northwest through the city to its junction with Lakewood Boulevard and Los Coyotes Diagonal at the Los Alamitos Circle, more than 2 miles from the coast
California State Route 1
–
Southbound PCH in
Crystal Cove State Park near
Laguna Beach
California State Route 1
California State Route 1
–
Southbound SR 1 between
Santa Monica and
LAX.
California State Route 1
–
PCH passes Mugu Rock at
Point Mugu.
5.
Daly City, CA
–
Daly City is the largest city in San Mateo County, California, United States, with an estimated 2014 population of 106,094. Located immediately south of San Francisco, it is named in honor of businessman, archaeological evidence suggests the San Francisco Bay Area has been inhabited as early as 2700 BC. People of the Ohlone language group occupied Northern California from at least the 6th century, seven years later, in 1776, an expedition led by Juan Bautista de Anza selected the site for the Presidio of San Francisco, which José Joaquín Moraga would soon establish. Later the same year, the Franciscan missionary Francisco Palóu founded the Mission San Francisco de Asís, as part of the founding, the priests claimed the land south of the mission for sixteen miles for raising crops and for fodder for cattle and sheep. In 1778, the priests and soldiers marked out a trail to connect San Francisco to the rest of California, at the top of Mission Hill, the priests named the gap between San Bruno Mountain and the hills on the coast La Portezuela. La Portezuela was later referred to as Dalys Hill, the Center of Daly City, during Spanish rule, the area between San Bruno Mountain and the Pacific remained uninhabited. Upon independence from Spain, prominent Mexican citizens were granted land parcels to establish large ranches, Rancho Buri Buri was granted to Jose Sanchez in 1835 and covered 14,639 acres including parts of modern-day Colma, Burlingame, San Bruno, South San Francisco, and Millbrae. Rancho Laguna de la Merced was 2,219 acres acres, following the Mexican Cession of California at the end of the Mexican–American War the owners of Rancho Laguna de La Merced tried to claim land between San Bruno Mountain and Lake Merced. An 1853 US government survey declared that the area was in fact government property. There was a land rush as settlers, mainly Irish established ranches in farms in parts of what is now the neighborhoods of Westlake, Serramonte. A decade later, several families left as increase in the fog density killed grain, the few remaining families switched to dairy and cattle farming as a more profitable enterprise. In the late 19th century as San Francisco grew and San Mateo County was established, Daly City also gradually grew including homes, Daly City served as a location where San Franciscans would cross over county lines to gamble and fight. As tensions built in approach to the American Civil War, California was divided between pro-slavery, and Free Soil advocates, two of the main figures in the debate were US Senator David C. Broderick, a Free Soil advocate and David S. Terry who was in favor of extension of slavery into California. Quarreling and political fighting between the two led to a duel in the Lake Merced area at which Terry mortally wounded Broderick. The site of the duel is marked with two shafts were the men stood, and designated is California Historical Landmark number 19. On the morning of April 18,1906 a major earthquake struck just off the coast of Daly City near Mussel Rock. After quake and subsequent fire destroyed many San Franciscans homes, they left to temporary housing on the ranches of the area to the south, including the large one owned by John Daly
Daly City, CA
–
Part of Daly City with
San Bruno Mountain and the San Francisco neighborhood of Crocker Amazon in the background.
Daly City, CA
–
Mission San Francisco de Asís (Mission Dolores)
Daly City, CA
–
Displaced victims of the SF earthquake, in front of a temporary tent shelter.
Daly City, CA
–
Cow Palace
6.
San Francisco, CA
–
San Francisco, officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the cultural, commercial, and financial center of Northern California. It is the birthplace of the United Nations, the California Gold Rush of 1849 brought rapid growth, making it the largest city on the West Coast at the time. San Francisco became a consolidated city-county in 1856, after three-quarters of the city was destroyed by the 1906 earthquake and fire, San Francisco was quickly rebuilt, hosting the Panama-Pacific International Exposition nine years later. In World War II, San Francisco was a port of embarkation for service members shipping out to the Pacific Theater. Politically, the city votes strongly along liberal Democratic Party lines, San Francisco is also the headquarters of five major banking institutions and various other companies such as Levi Strauss & Co. Dolby, Airbnb, Weebly, Pacific Gas and Electric Company, Yelp, Pinterest, Twitter, Uber, Lyft, Mozilla, Wikimedia Foundation, as of 2016, San Francisco is ranked high on world liveability rankings. The earliest archaeological evidence of habitation of the territory of the city of San Francisco dates to 3000 BC. Upon independence from Spain in 1821, the became part of Mexico. Under Mexican rule, the system gradually ended, and its lands became privatized. In 1835, Englishman William Richardson erected the first independent homestead, together with Alcalde Francisco de Haro, he laid out a street plan for the expanded settlement, and the town, named Yerba Buena, began to attract American settlers. Commodore John D. Sloat claimed California for the United States on July 7,1846, during the Mexican–American War, montgomery arrived to claim Yerba Buena two days later. Yerba Buena was renamed San Francisco on January 30 of the next year, despite its attractive location as a port and naval base, San Francisco was still a small settlement with inhospitable geography. The California Gold Rush brought a flood of treasure seekers, with their sourdough bread in tow, prospectors accumulated in San Francisco over rival Benicia, raising the population from 1,000 in 1848 to 25,000 by December 1849. The promise of fabulous riches was so strong that crews on arriving vessels deserted and rushed off to the gold fields, leaving behind a forest of masts in San Francisco harbor. Some of these approximately 500 abandoned ships were used at times as storeships, saloons and hotels, many were left to rot, by 1851 the harbor was extended out into the bay by wharves while buildings were erected on piles among the ships. By 1870 Yerba Buena Cove had been filled to create new land, buried ships are occasionally exposed when foundations are dug for new buildings. California was quickly granted statehood in 1850 and the U. S. military built Fort Point at the Golden Gate, silver discoveries, including the Comstock Lode in Nevada in 1859, further drove rapid population growth. With hordes of fortune seekers streaming through the city, lawlessness was common, and the Barbary Coast section of town gained notoriety as a haven for criminals, prostitution, entrepreneurs sought to capitalize on the wealth generated by the Gold Rush
San Francisco, CA
–
San Francisco and the
Golden Gate Bridge from
Marin Headlands
San Francisco, CA
–
Mission San Francisco de Asís (Mission Dolores)
San Francisco, CA
–
1853
United States Coast Survey Map
San Francisco, CA
–
Francis Samuel Marryat, Hilltop of San Francisco, California, Looking toward the Bay, 1849. M.& N. Hanhart Chromolithograph
7.
Boulevard
–
A boulevard, often abbreviated Blvd, is a type of large road, usually running through a city. It is a misconception that every boulevard has a median. Phnom Penh has numerous boulevards scattered throughout the city, norodom Boulevard, Sisowath Boulevard, Monivong Boulevard, and Sothearos Boulevard are the most famous. Indira Gandhi Sarani, formerly Red Road, is a road in Kolkata that runs from Raj Bhavan to Fort William, the road, a wide boulevard, was built in 1820 which bisects the historic Kolkata Maidan. The British authorities during colonial era intended for the road to be able to host large parades, the name Red Road was given due to its surfacing. During the Second World War, the road, in the heart of Kolkata, the annual Kolkata Marathon starts from outside the Rangers Club on Red Road. The name Indira Gandhi Sarani was adopted in 1985, mumbais Marine Drive is a 4.3 km long C shaped coastal road located in South Mumbai along the Arabian Sea. It is also called the Queens Necklace because if the stretch is viewed from an elevated point, a promenade lies parallel to the road. It is one of the major tourist attractions in Mumbai, the Gateway of India is located just 1.7 km away from Marine Drive. Though rarely used, Marine Drives official name is Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Marg, local residents use it for morning exercises as well. It is also popular among youths who come here to enjoy the splash of water during high tide, New Delhis premier boulevard is the Rajpath, which is also a thoroughfare. New Delhi being the capital, many such thoroughfares were built widely to sustain the exploding traffic growth that New Delhi. Rajpath, a tree lined road with ponds and fountains, was designed, along with Janpath, various national events such as Independence Day parades and Republic Day parades among many others take place over here annually. Hyderabads Necklace Road is a boulevard adjoining the Hussain Sagar lake, in Chennai, the major road is the Mount Road. Another boulevard is Radakrishnan Salai, also called Cathedral Road, which is in Chennai in Tamil Nadu State in Southern India along the Bay of Bengal. In Iran, Boulevard is generally defined as a road surrounded by trees in sides and divided by a green space line including grass. There are many boulevards in Iran, one of the most famous one is Keshavarz Boulevard in Tehran which is usually referred to as The Boulevard. Isfahan has also a historical boulevard which is called Chaharbagh Boulevard, Tel Aviv, was originally designed along the guidelines set out by architect Sir Patrick Geddes
Boulevard
–
The
Champs Élysées in Paris, France.
Boulevard
Boulevard
–
The
Straße des 17. Juni in Berlin, Germany.
Boulevard
–
Marine Drive, Mumbai
8.
San Francisco
–
San Francisco, officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the cultural, commercial, and financial center of Northern California. It is the birthplace of the United Nations, the California Gold Rush of 1849 brought rapid growth, making it the largest city on the West Coast at the time. San Francisco became a consolidated city-county in 1856, after three-quarters of the city was destroyed by the 1906 earthquake and fire, San Francisco was quickly rebuilt, hosting the Panama-Pacific International Exposition nine years later. In World War II, San Francisco was a port of embarkation for service members shipping out to the Pacific Theater. Politically, the city votes strongly along liberal Democratic Party lines, San Francisco is also the headquarters of five major banking institutions and various other companies such as Levi Strauss & Co. Dolby, Airbnb, Weebly, Pacific Gas and Electric Company, Yelp, Pinterest, Twitter, Uber, Lyft, Mozilla, Wikimedia Foundation, as of 2016, San Francisco is ranked high on world liveability rankings. The earliest archaeological evidence of habitation of the territory of the city of San Francisco dates to 3000 BC. Upon independence from Spain in 1821, the became part of Mexico. Under Mexican rule, the system gradually ended, and its lands became privatized. In 1835, Englishman William Richardson erected the first independent homestead, together with Alcalde Francisco de Haro, he laid out a street plan for the expanded settlement, and the town, named Yerba Buena, began to attract American settlers. Commodore John D. Sloat claimed California for the United States on July 7,1846, during the Mexican–American War, montgomery arrived to claim Yerba Buena two days later. Yerba Buena was renamed San Francisco on January 30 of the next year, despite its attractive location as a port and naval base, San Francisco was still a small settlement with inhospitable geography. The California Gold Rush brought a flood of treasure seekers, with their sourdough bread in tow, prospectors accumulated in San Francisco over rival Benicia, raising the population from 1,000 in 1848 to 25,000 by December 1849. The promise of fabulous riches was so strong that crews on arriving vessels deserted and rushed off to the gold fields, leaving behind a forest of masts in San Francisco harbor. Some of these approximately 500 abandoned ships were used at times as storeships, saloons and hotels, many were left to rot, by 1851 the harbor was extended out into the bay by wharves while buildings were erected on piles among the ships. By 1870 Yerba Buena Cove had been filled to create new land, buried ships are occasionally exposed when foundations are dug for new buildings. California was quickly granted statehood in 1850 and the U. S. military built Fort Point at the Golden Gate, silver discoveries, including the Comstock Lode in Nevada in 1859, further drove rapid population growth. With hordes of fortune seekers streaming through the city, lawlessness was common, and the Barbary Coast section of town gained notoriety as a haven for criminals, prostitution, entrepreneurs sought to capitalize on the wealth generated by the Gold Rush
San Francisco
–
San Francisco and the
Golden Gate Bridge from
Marin Headlands
San Francisco
–
Mission San Francisco de Asís (Mission Dolores)
San Francisco
–
1853
United States Coast Survey Map
San Francisco
–
Francis Samuel Marryat, Hilltop of San Francisco, California, Looking toward the Bay, 1849. M.& N. Hanhart Chromolithograph
9.
Junipero Serra
–
Serra was beatified by Pope John Paul II on September 25,1988, in Vatican City. Pope Francis canonised him on September 23,2015, at the Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception in Washington, because of Serras recorded acts of piety combined with his missionary efforts, he was granted the posthumous title Apostle of California. Serra was born in the village of Petra on the island of Majorca off the Mediterranean coast of Spain, a few hours after birth, he was baptized in the village church. His baptismal name was Miquel Joseph Serra and his father Antonio Nadal Serra and mother Margarita Rosa Ferrer were married in 1707. Their first two children had died in infancy, both parents spoke the Majorcan dialect of Catalan, which became Miquels native language, he acquired Castilian Spanish as his second language. By age seven, Miquel was working the fields with his parents, helping cultivate wheat and beans, but he showed a special interest in visiting the local Franciscan friary at the church of San Bernardino within a block of the Serra family house. Attending the friars primary school at the church, Miquel learned reading, writing, mathematics, Latin, religion and liturgical song, gifted with a good voice, he eagerly took to vocal music. The friars sometimes let him join the community choir and sing at special church feasts, Miquel and his father Antonio often visited the friary for friendly chats with the Franciscans. At age 15, Miquels parents enrolled him in a Franciscan school in the city, Palma de Majorca. A year later, he became a novice in the Franciscan order, on November 14, 1730—just shy of his 17th birthday—Serra entered the Alcantarine branch of the Friars Minor, a reform movement in the Order. The slight and frail Serra now embarked on his novitiate period and he was given the religious name of Junípero in honor of Brother Juniper, who had been among the first Franciscans and was a companion of Saint Francis. The young Junípero, along with his fellow novices, vowed to scorn property and comfort and he still had seven years to go to become an ordained Catholic priest. He immersed himself in studies of logic, metaphysics, cosmology. The daily routine at the friary followed a schedule, prayers, meditation, choir singing, physical chores, spiritual readings. The friars would wake up every midnight for another round of chants, Serras superiors discouraged letters and visitors. In his free time, he avidly read stories about Franciscan friars roaming the provinces of Spain and around the world to win new souls for the church and he followed the news of famous missionaries winning beatification and sainthood. In 1737, Serra became a priest, and three years later earned a license to teach philosophy at the Convento de San Francisco. His philosophy course, including over 60 students, lasted three years, among his students were fellow future missionaries Francisco Palóu and Juan Crespí
Junipero Serra
–
A portrait of Serra at age 61 (1774)
Junipero Serra
–
Monument of Junípero Serra (with
Juaneño Indian boy) on the Plaza de San Francisco de Asis in
Havana, Cuba
Junipero Serra
–
Statue of Junípero Serra at the
Mission San Diego de Alcalá in San Diego
Junipero Serra
–
The grave of Saint Junípero Serra in
Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo.
10.
State Route 1 (California)
–
State Route 1 is a major north-south state highway that runs along most of the Pacific coastline of the U. S. state of California. At a total of just over 655.8 miles, it is the longest state route in California, Highway 1 has several portions designated as either Pacific Coast Highway, Cabrillo Highway, Shoreline Highway, or Coast Highway. Its southern terminus is at Interstate 5 near Dana Point in Orange County, Highway 1 also at times runs concurrently with US101, most notably through a 54-mile stretch in Ventura and Santa Barbara counties, and across the Golden Gate Bridge. The highway is designated as an All-American Road, SR1 was built piecemeal in various stages, with the first section opening in the Big Sur region in the 1930s. However, portions of the route had several names and numbers over the years as more segments opened and it was not until the 1964 state highway renumbering that the entire route was officially designated as Highway 1. Highway 1 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System and is eligible for the State Scenic Highway System, however, only a few stretches between Los Angeles and San Francisco have officially been designated as a scenic highway. The Big Sur section from San Luis Obispo to Carmel is an official National Scenic Byway, the entire route is designated as a Blue Star Memorial Highway to recognize those in the United States armed forces. In Southern California, the California Legislature has designated the segment between Interstate 5 in Dana Point and US101 near Oxnard as the Pacific Coast Highway, the legislature has also designated the route as the Shoreline Highway between the Manzanita Junction near Marin City and Leggett. Smaller segments of the highway have been assigned other names by the state. The legislature has relinquished state control of segments within Dana Point, Newport Beach, Santa Monica, and Oxnard. The route annually helps bring several billion dollars to the tourism industry. Segments of Highway 1 range from a rural road to an urban freeway. Because of the former, long distance thru traffic traveling between the metropolitan areas are instead advised to use faster routes such as US101 or I-5. At its southernmost end in Orange County, Highway 1 terminates at I-5 in Capistrano Beach in Dana Point and it then travels west into the city center. After leaving Dana Point, Highway 1 continues northwest along the coast through Laguna Beach, Highway 1 then enters Newport Beach, where it is known as simply Coast Highway. Upon entering Huntington Beach, Highway 1 regains the Pacific Coast Highway designation and it passes Huntington State Beach and the southern terminus of California State Route 39 before reaching Bolsa Chica State Beach and the Bolsa Chica Ecological Reserve. PCH then continues along the coast into Seal Beach, the city on its journey in Orange County. PCH enters Los Angeles County and the city of Long Beach after crossing the San Gabriel River, Highway 1 then continues northwest through the city to its junction with Lakewood Boulevard and Los Coyotes Diagonal at the Los Alamitos Circle, more than 2 miles from the coast
State Route 1 (California)
–
Southbound PCH in
Crystal Cove State Park near
Laguna Beach
State Route 1 (California)
–
Map of California with SR 1 highlighted in red
State Route 1 (California)
–
Southbound SR 1 between
Santa Monica and
LAX.
State Route 1 (California)
–
PCH passes Mugu Rock at
Point Mugu.
11.
Golden Gate Bridge
–
The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension bridge spanning the Golden Gate strait, the one-mile-wide, one-point-seven-mile-long channel between San Francisco Bay and the Pacific Ocean. The bridge is one of the most internationally recognized symbols of San Francisco, California, and it has been declared one of the Wonders of the Modern World by the American Society of Civil Engineers. The Frommers travel guide describes the Golden Gate Bridge as possibly the most beautiful, certainly the most photographed and it opened in 1937 and was, until 1964, the longest suspension bridge main span in the world, at 4,200 feet. Before the bridge was built, the only practical short route between San Francisco and what is now Marin County was by boat across a section of San Francisco Bay. A ferry service began as early as 1820, with a scheduled service beginning in the 1840s for the purpose of transporting water to San Francisco. Once for railroad passengers and customers only, Southern Pacifics automobile ferries became very profitable, the trip from the San Francisco Ferry Building took 27 minutes. Many wanted to build a bridge to connect San Francisco to Marin County, San Francisco was the largest American city still served primarily by ferry boats. Because it did not have a permanent link with communities around the bay, experts said that ferocious winds and blinding fogs would prevent construction and operation. San Franciscos City Engineer estimated the cost at $100 million, which would have been $2.12 billion in 2009 and he asked bridge engineers whether it could be built for less. One who responded, Joseph Strauss, was an engineer and poet who had, for his graduate thesis. At the time, Strauss had completed some 400 drawbridges—most of which were inland—and nothing on the scale of the new project. Strausss initial drawings were for a massive cantilever on each side of the strait, connected by a central suspension segment, Local authorities agreed to proceed only on the assurance that Strauss would alter the design and accept input from several consulting project experts. A suspension-bridge design was considered the most practical, because of recent advances in metallurgy, Strauss spent more than a decade drumming up support in Northern California. The bridge faced opposition, including litigation, from many sources, the Department of War was concerned that the bridge would interfere with ship traffic. The navy feared that a collision or sabotage to the bridge could block the entrance to one of its main harbors. Unions demanded guarantees that local workers would be favored for construction jobs, in May 1924, Colonel Herbert Deakyne held the second hearing on the Bridge on behalf of the Secretary of War in a request to use federal land for construction. Another ally was the automobile industry, which supported the development of roads. The bridges name was first used when the project was discussed in 1917 by M. M
Golden Gate Bridge
–
A view of the Golden Gate Bridge from Marshall's Beach
Golden Gate Bridge
–
South tower seen from walkway, with Art Deco elements
Golden Gate Bridge
–
Below Golden Gate Bridge
Golden Gate Bridge
–
Some 1.2 million steel rivets hold the bridge together. This is a short segment of one of those replaced during the seismic retrofit of the bridge after the
1989 Loma Prieta earthquake.
12.
San Mateo County, CA
–
San Mateo County is a county located in the U. S. state of California. As of the 2010 census, the population was 718,451, the county seat is Redwood City. San Mateo County is included in the San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, and is part of the San Francisco Bay Area and it covers most of the San Francisco Peninsula. San Francisco International Airport is located at the end of the county. The countys built-up areas are mostly suburban with some areas being very urban, San Mateo County was formed in 1856 after San Francisco County, one of the states 18 original counties since Californias statehood in 1850, was split apart. Until 1856, San Franciscos city limits extended west to Divisadero Street and Castro Street, in response to the lawlessness and vigilantism that escalated rapidly between 1855 and 1856, the California government decided to divide the county. A straight line was drawn across the tip of the San Francisco Peninsula just north of San Bruno Mountain. The consolidated city-county of San Francisco was formed by an introduced by Horace Hawes. San Mateo County was officially organized on 18 April 1857 under a bill introduced by Senator T. G, San Mateo County then annexed part of northern Santa Cruz County in March 1868, including Pescadero and Pigeon Point. Although the forming bill named Redwood City the county seat, a May 1856 election marked by unblushing frauds, perpetuated on an unorganized and wholly unprotected community by thugs and ballot stuffers from San Francisco named Belmont the county seat. The election results were declared illegal and the county government was moved to Redwood City, Redwood Citys status as county seat was upheld in two succeeding elections in May 1861 and 9 December 1873, defeating San Mateo and Belmont. Another election in May 1874 named San Mateo the county seat, but the supreme court overturned that election on 24 February 1875. San Mateo County bears the Spanish name for Saint Matthew, until about 1850, the name appeared as San Matheo. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 741 square miles. It is the third-smallest county in California by land area, a number of bayside watercourses drain the eastern part of the county including San Bruno Creek and Colma Creek. Streams draining the county include Frenchmans Creek, Pilarcitos Creek, Naples Creek, Arroyo de en Medio. These streams originate along the spur of the Santa Cruz Mountains that run through the county. San Mateo County straddles the San Francisco Peninsula, with the Santa Cruz Mountains running its entire length, the county encompasses a variety of habitats including estuarine, marine, oak woodland, redwood forest, coastal scrub and oak savannah
San Mateo County, CA
San Mateo County, CA
San Mateo County, CA
San Mateo County, CA
13.
San Francisco Peninsula
–
The San Francisco Peninsula is a peninsula in the San Francisco Bay Area that separates San Francisco Bay from the Pacific Ocean. On its northern tip is the City and County of San Francisco and its southern base is in northern Santa Clara County, including the cities of Palo Alto, Mountain View and Los Altos. Whereas the term peninsula technically refers to the entire geographical San Franciscan Peninsula, in local jargon, in 1795, Governor Diego de Borica gave José Darío Argüello a Spanish land grant known as Rancho de las Pulgas. This rancho was the largest grant on the peninsula consisting of 35,260 acres, as a local geographic term, the area referred to as The Peninsula is disjoint from that denoted by The City, and refers to the portion south of San Francisco. A substantial portion of Silicon Valley is located on the peninsula, in Silicon Valley sits some of the largest tech companies in the world with the likes of Google, Yahoo, Facebook and Apple. Over the last decade or so there has been an influx of immigration into the Bay Area from places like India, there are well over 6,600 tech startups in the Valley and new ones are created every day. The east side of the peninsula is a densely populated. It forms an area between San Francisco to the north and San Jose to the south. The Caltrain commuter rail line runs parallel to the El Camino Real. The bridges in the Peninsula include the Dumbarton Bridge, the San Francisco - Oakland Bay Bridge, the San Mateo-Hayward Bridge and the Golden Gate Bridge. Along the center line of the Peninsula is the half of the Santa Cruz Mountains. In the middle of the Peninsula along the fault is the Crystal Springs Reservoir, just north of the Crystal Springs reservoir is San Andreas Lake after which the famous geologic fault was originally named. The San Francisco Peninsula contains a variety of habitats including estuarine, marine, oak woodland, redwood forest, coastal scrub and oak savanna. The county is home to endangered species including the San Francisco garter snake, the Mission blue butterfly. The endangered California clapper rail is found on the shores of San Francisco Bay, in the cities of Belmont
San Francisco Peninsula
–
USGS Satellite photo of the San Francisco Bay Area. The San Francisco peninsula protrudes northward. San Francisco is at its tip.
14.
Freeway
–
A controlled-access highway is a type of highway which has been designed for high-speed vehicular traffic, with all traffic flow and ingress/egress regulated. Common English terms are freeway, motorway and expressway, other similar terms include Interstate and parkway. Some of which may be limited-access highways, although this term can refer to a class of highway with somewhat less isolation from other traffic. In countries following Vienna convention, the motorway qualification implies they are forbidden for walking or parking, a controlled-access highway provides an unhindered flow of traffic, with no traffic signals, intersections or property access. They are free of any at-grade crossings with roads, railways, or pedestrian paths. Entrances and exits to the highway are provided at interchanges by slip roads, on the controlled-access highway, opposing directions of travel are generally separated by a median strip or central reservation containing a traffic barrier or grass. Elimination of conflicts with other directions of traffic dramatically improves safety and capacity, controlled-access highways evolved during the first half of the 20th century. Italy opened its first autostrada in 1924 connecting Milan to Varese, Germany began to build its first 30-kilometre autobahn controlled-access highway without speed limits in 1932 between Cologne and Bonn. It then rapidly constructed a system of such roads in anticipation of their use in the Second World War. The first North American freeways opened in the New York City area in the 1920s, Britain, heavily influenced by the railways, did not build its first motorway, the Preston By-pass, until 1958. Most technologically advanced nations feature a network of freeways or motorways to provide high-capacity urban travel, or high-speed rural travel. Many have a national-level or even international-level system of route numbering, exit is marked with another symbol. The definitions of motorway from the OECD and PIARC are almost identical, british Standards Motorway, Limited-access dual carriageway road, not crossed on the same level by other traffic lanes, for the exclusive use of certain classes of motor vehicle. ITE Freeway, A divided major roadway with full control of access and this definition applies to toll as well as toll-free roads. Freeway A, This designates roadways with greater complexity and high traffic volumes. Usually this type of freeway will be found in areas in or near the central core. Freeway B, This designates all other divided roadways with full control of access where lighting is needed, principal arterials may cross through urban areas, serving suburban movements. The traffic is characterized by high speeds and full or partial access control, other roads leading to a principal arterial are connected to it through side collector roads
Freeway
–
The interchange between US-131, M-6 and 68th Street in
Wyoming, Michigan, shows many of the features of controlled-access highways—opposing traffic on separate carriageways, no
at-grade intersections and no direct access to properties.
Freeway
–
French A10 near Orléans showing hard shoulder and emergency telephone. The broken demarcation line for the hard shoulder is specific to France, and serves as a safety reference mark for drivers: the advisory distance from the vehicle ahead is two dashes minimum.
Freeway
–
De Lucht Rest Area on the Dutch A2 - A typical rest area with services (fuel, refreshments and toilets). The only access is via the highway that it serves.
Freeway
–
Traffic congestion, such as this on the
Downtown Connector in
Atlanta, is tied to
photochemical smog.
15.
State highway
–
Depending on the state, state highway may be used for one meaning and state road or state route for the other. In some countries such as New Zealand, the state is used in its sense of a nation. By this meaning a state highway is a maintained and numbered by the national government rather than local authorities. Australias State Route system covers urban and inter-regional routes that are not included in the National Route or the National Highway systems and these routes are marked with a blue shield. Sometimes a state route may be formed when a national route is decommissioned. Most states and territories have introduced an alphanumeric numbering system. Brazil is another country that is divided into states and has state highways, canada is divided into provinces and territories, each of which maintains its own system of provincial or territorial highways. Canadas federal National Highway System is a dual system which includes the Trans-Canada Highway network. Italys Strade Statali extend for some 18,000 km, overseen by the Azienda Nazionale Autonoma delle Strade founded in 1946, State highways in India are numbered highways that are laid and maintained by state governments. Mexicos State Highway System is a system of urban and state routes constructed and maintained by each Mexican state, the main purpose of the state networks is to serve as a feeder system to the federal highway system. All states except the Federal District operate a road network, each state marks these routes with a white shield containing the abbreviated name of the state plus the route number. New Zealand state highways are national highways – the word state in this sense means government or public, New Zealands state highway system is a nationwide network of roads covering the North Island and the South Island. As of 2006, just under 100 roads have a State Highway designation, the NZ Transport Agency administers them. The speed limit for most state highways is 100 km/h, with reductions when one passes through a populated area. The highways in New Zealand were originally designated on a system, national and provincial, with national highways having a higher standard. Now all of them are state highways, and the network consists of SH1 running the length of main islands, SH 2–5 and 10–58 in the North Island, and SH 6–8. National and provincial highways are numbered north to south. State Highway 1 runs the length of both islands, local highways are the next important roads under the National highways
State highway
–
Australian State Route 3 marker
16.
Bayshore Highway
–
The Bayshore Freeway is a part of U. S. Route 101 in the San Francisco Bay Area of the U. S. state of California. It runs along the west shore of the San Francisco Bay, within the city of San Francisco, the freeway is also known as James Lick Freeway, named after the California philanthropist. The road was built as a surface road, the Bayshore Highway. Before 1964, it was marked as U. S. Route 101 Bypass. The Bayshore Freeway begins at the Blossom Hill Road interchange on US101, the freeway curves north and northwest, bypassing downtown San Jose to the east, and then curves west-northwest, crossing I-880 and SR87, the latter just north of the San Jose International Airport. The portion of the highway from San Jose to South San Francisco is relatively straight and flat, running near the west edge of the San Francisco Bay. Junctions here include SR237 in Sunnyvale, SR85 in Mountain View, SR84 in Menlo Park and Redwood City, SR92 in San Mateo, and the San Francisco International Airport and I-380 in San Bruno. In San Francisco, where the road is known as the James Lick Freeway. There it curves north-northeasterly around Bernal Heights and then northwest around Potrero Hill, the Bayshore Freeway ends at the intersection of US101 and Interstate 80, which, although signed as Interstate 80, is not officially Interstate 80 until the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge. The freeway that goes from US101 to the Bay Bridge that is signed as I-80, the first of several highways built as an alternate to El Camino Real was the Skyline Boulevard, which was added to the state highway system in 1919. A second route, the Bay Shore Highway, became a highway in 1923, but only from the San Francisco city limits into San Mateo County. The state legislature extended the highway in 1925, defining it to run from near the intersection of Army Street, the governor approved the bill with the stipulation that only the portion between the city limits of San Francisco and San Jose would be a state highway. Construction between South San Francisco and Burlingame had begun by 1924, funded by a $500,000 contribution from San Francisco, a disconnected segment north of San Mateo was built by the state at the same time. Even then, motorists had to wait until May 7,1931 to reach Jefferson Avenue in Redwood City. The roadway was extended to Oregon Avenue in Palo Alto in mid-1932, Lawrence Station Road in mid-1933, and to Lafayette Street near Santa Clara, across the Guadalupe River from San Jose, by 1934. Although the highway was designed and built to what were, at the time, high standards, with a 100-foot wide right-of-way in most places, it was accident-prone because it lacked a median barrier. One segment of the so-called Bloody Bayshore was Boneyard Hill, a grade through the Visitacion Valley near the San Francisco city line. Causes of the crashes included turning conflicts at intersections, and speeding drivers crossing the centerline to use the lanes as a passing lane
Bayshore Highway
–
The
San Francisco Skyway over Third Street
Bayshore Highway
–
Bayshore Freeway
Bayshore Highway
–
Looking west at the
Sierra Point cut in
Brisbane, 1929
Bayshore Highway
–
The four-lane Bayshore Highway
17.
Skyline Boulevard
–
State Route 35 in the U. S. It also provides views of the Silicon Valley Metropolitan Area. It was originally designated State Route 5, but this was changed with the creation of Interstate 5 in 1964 and this route is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System and is eligible for the State Scenic Highway System. However, only the portion from the Santa Cruz-Santa Clara County line to the SR92 junction is actually a scenic highway. The highway begins at the junction of Summit Road and State Route 17. It bears the name Skyline Boulevard for a majority of its route along the ridge of the Santa Cruz Mountains to the west of Silicon Valley, passing cities such as San Jose, Saratoga, and Palo Alto. The southern portion of the road, starting at Highway 17 and ending at Black Road, is mostly a narrow, from Black Road going north the road has been upgraded. The road reaches its highest elevation near Sanborn Skyline County Park at about 3,000 ft, the ridge that the road follows forms the border between Santa Cruz and Santa Clara counties. However, the boundary is so irregular that the road weaves in, Highway 35 is co-routed with SR92 for 2 miles east, descending towards Crystal Springs Reservoir, which it crosses on a causeway, and then joins Interstate 280 northbound for 6 miles. However, on the side, Route 35 exists as a separate road to the west of the freeway between Bunker Hill Dr. and Route 92, as there is no connector road between 280 South and 92 West. Route 35 departs from 280 at the end of San Bruno, running to the west of the freeway, regaining the ridgetop separating South San Francisco. Because of its views and winding roadway, Skyline Boulevard. Many sports cars and motorcycles can be found congregating near the intersections with State Route 9 and State Route 84, mountain bikers are also commonly found at the many trailheads along the road. Numerous hiking trails originate from parking lots off Skyline in these open spaces. Whenever there is snow on the higher elevations, many people take their families up to see and play in the snow. For most of the route, State Route 35 offers vistas of both Silicon Valleys skyline, and also the Pacific Ocean, among the bayside streams are San Francisquito Creek, Redwood Creek, and San Bruno Creek. As old highway maps show, State Route 35 was originally designated State Route 5, the number was changed in the 1964 renumbering. The original state route 35 was located in southern California and ran north to south from State Route 22 to U. S.99, the highway continued west on Centralia Road and then north along Pioneer Blvd. until hitting San Antonio drive at Rosecrans Ave
Skyline Boulevard
–
Skyline Boulevard stretches through the
Santa Cruz Mountains, here near
Palo Alto
Skyline Boulevard
–
State Route 35
Skyline Boulevard
–
The popular
Skeggs Point turnout north of SR 84.
Skyline Boulevard
–
Numbered streets
18.
I-280 (CA)
–
Interstate 280 is a 57-mile long north–south Interstate Highway in the San Francisco Bay Area of Northern California. It connects San Jose and San Francisco, running along just to the west of the cities of San Francisco Peninsula for most of its route. I-280 from its terminus at U. S.101. One of the signs still indicates that the Junipero Serra Freeway is known as the Worlds Most Beautiful Freeway due to its scenic route through the San Francisco Peninsula. From State Route 1 to the James Lick Freeway in San Francisco it is called the John F Foran Freeway, but is more commonly referred to by its original name. And from the James Lick Freeway to its end at King Street and Fifth Street. This route is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System and is eligible for the State Scenic Highway System, I-280 is one of two 3-digit Interstate designations to appear on opposite coasts of the United States. I-110 in California and Florida is the other designation. The southern end of Interstate 280 begins at U. S.101 in San Jose, the segment of the Junipero Serra Freeway between Cupertino and Daly City has been called the Worlds Most Beautiful Freeway since its dedication in the 1960s. Through much of this segment, the freeway is actually running just inside the rim of the rift valley of the San Andreas Fault. For nearly all of its length, Interstate 280 runs roughly parallel, both freeways are north–south routes connecting San Jose with San Francisco, however, unlike I-280, the route that U. S.101 takes between the two cities goes entirely through urbanized areas. The majority of the population of the San Francisco Peninsula lives somewhere between Interstate 280 and U. S.101, I-280 never intersects with Interstate 80, its parent interstate. The northern terminus of I-280 is within about a mile of I-80s western terminus, although San Francisco has had several opportunities to connect I-280 to I-80, it has chosen to use the money for other purposes. Connecting the two freeways is considered to be politically and financially infeasible at this time, due to the citys strong anti-freeway stance. Instead, 280s northernmost extension primarily functions as a spur into Downtown San Francisco, Most of I-280, in San Jose to Daly City, is designated as the Junipero Serra Freeway in honor of Spanish missionary Junípero Serra, who founded many of Californias missions in the 18th century. The section of I-280 between the James Lick Freeway and its end at 6th and King Streets is called the Southern-Embarcadero Freeway. Major intersections include U. S.101 and State Route 1 in San Francisco, Interstate 380 in San Bruno, State Route 92 in San Mateo, and I-880 and I-680 and U. S. in San Jose. The Junipero Serra Freeway is the name of Interstate 280 from SR1 in San Francisco to SR17, as named by Assembly Concurrent Resolution 140, Chapter 208 in 1967
I-280 (CA)
–
Interstate 280 near Stanford University
I-280 (CA)
–
Interstate 280
I-280 (CA)
–
A view of the scenic portion of Interstate 280
I-280 (CA)
–
1955 map of the planned Interstates in the
San Francisco Bay Area. These early plans essentially called for an Interstate loop route that would head south down the San Francisco Peninsula from San Francisco to San Jose, then head north through the eastern cities of the East Bay to
Vallejo. This route now basically comprises present-day I-280, I-680, and
I-780.
19.
Divided highway
–
A dual carriageway is a class of highway with carriageways for traffic travelling in opposite directions separated by a central reservation. Roads with two or more carriageways which are designed to higher standards with controlled access are generally classed as motorways, freeways, a road without a central reservation is a single carriageway regardless of the number of lanes. Dual carriageways have improved road traffic safety over single carriageways and typically have speed limits as a result. In some places, express lanes and local/collector lanes are used within a system to provide more capacity. A very early example of a dual carriageway was the Via Portuensis, in 1907 the Long Island Motor Parkway opened, and roughly 20% of it featured a semi-dual-carriageway design. The New York City Belt Parkway system, which was built between 1907 and 1934, also pioneered the same design, however the majority of it featured concrete or brick railings as lane dividers instead of grass medians. In 1924 the first Italian autostrada was opened running 55 km from Milan to Varese and it featured a broad road bed and did not feature lane dividers except near cities and through the mountains. The London end of the Great West Road became Britains first dual carriageway when it was opened in 1925 by King George V, in 1927 the Rome bypass was opened. It ran 92 km bypassing Rome to the east, almost the entire length featured a dual-carriageway design. In the early 1930s it was extended all the way to Naples. Most of the routing was destroyed by the Allies in the World War II. By 1930 several US and European cities had built dual-carriageway highways, in 1932 the first German autobahn opened between Cologne and Bonn. It ran 21 km and became a precedent for future highways, although it, like the first autostrada, did not feature a dual-carriageway design, it inspired the mass construction of future high-speed roadways. During the 1930s, Germany, Italy, and the Soviet Union began construction of a network of dual carriageway expressways. By 1942, Germany had over 3,200 km of dual carriageway roads, Italy had nearly 1,300 km, opened to traffic in 1940, the 160-mile-long Pennsylvania Turnpike was the first rural dual carriageway built in the United States. By 1955 several states had built dual carriageway freeways and turnpikes, completed in 1994, the major highway system links all the major cities of the United States. In the UK, although the dual carriageway applies to any road with physically separated lanes. Such major dual carriageways usually have two lanes of traffic in each direction, with the lane nearest the centre being reserved for overtaking, occasionally dual carriageways have only one lane in each direction, or more than two lanes each way
Divided highway
–
A typical British dual carriageway with central barrier on the
A63 near
Hull,
England
Divided highway
–
Clara Barton Parkway outside
Washington, D.C.
Divided highway
–
A German dual carriageway in the 1930s
Divided highway
–
Sign informing motorists of an upcoming section of dual carriageway in
Seacroft,
Leeds
20.
SR 35 (CA)
–
State Route 35 in the U. S. It also provides views of the Silicon Valley Metropolitan Area. It was originally designated State Route 5, but this was changed with the creation of Interstate 5 in 1964 and this route is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System and is eligible for the State Scenic Highway System. However, only the portion from the Santa Cruz-Santa Clara County line to the SR92 junction is actually a scenic highway. The highway begins at the junction of Summit Road and State Route 17. It bears the name Skyline Boulevard for a majority of its route along the ridge of the Santa Cruz Mountains to the west of Silicon Valley, passing cities such as San Jose, Saratoga, and Palo Alto. The southern portion of the road, starting at Highway 17 and ending at Black Road, is mostly a narrow, from Black Road going north the road has been upgraded. The road reaches its highest elevation near Sanborn Skyline County Park at about 3,000 ft, the ridge that the road follows forms the border between Santa Cruz and Santa Clara counties. However, the boundary is so irregular that the road weaves in, Highway 35 is co-routed with SR92 for 2 miles east, descending towards Crystal Springs Reservoir, which it crosses on a causeway, and then joins Interstate 280 northbound for 6 miles. However, on the side, Route 35 exists as a separate road to the west of the freeway between Bunker Hill Dr. and Route 92, as there is no connector road between 280 South and 92 West. Route 35 departs from 280 at the end of San Bruno, running to the west of the freeway, regaining the ridgetop separating South San Francisco. Because of its views and winding roadway, Skyline Boulevard. Many sports cars and motorcycles can be found congregating near the intersections with State Route 9 and State Route 84, mountain bikers are also commonly found at the many trailheads along the road. Numerous hiking trails originate from parking lots off Skyline in these open spaces. Whenever there is snow on the higher elevations, many people take their families up to see and play in the snow. For most of the route, State Route 35 offers vistas of both Silicon Valleys skyline, and also the Pacific Ocean, among the bayside streams are San Francisquito Creek, Redwood Creek, and San Bruno Creek. As old highway maps show, State Route 35 was originally designated State Route 5, the number was changed in the 1964 renumbering. The original state route 35 was located in southern California and ran north to south from State Route 22 to U. S.99, the highway continued west on Centralia Road and then north along Pioneer Blvd. until hitting San Antonio drive at Rosecrans Ave
SR 35 (CA)
–
Skyline Boulevard stretches through the
Santa Cruz Mountains, here near
Palo Alto
SR 35 (CA)
–
State Route 35
SR 35 (CA)
–
The popular
Skeggs Point turnout north of SR 84.
SR 35 (CA)
–
Numbered streets
21.
Median (road)
–
The median strip or central reservation is the reserved area that separates opposing lanes of traffic on divided roadways, such as divided highways, dual carriageways, freeways, and motorways. The term also applies to divided roadways other than highways, such as major streets in urban or suburban areas. There is no international English standard for the term, median, median strip, and median divider island are common in North American and Antipodean English. Variants in North American English include regional terms such as neutral ground in New Orleans usage, among other coinages, central nature strip occurs in Australian English. Additionally, different terminology is used to traffic lanes in a multi-lane roadway. North American usage calls the lanes located closest to the roadway centerline the inner lanes, thus, it is less confusing to call these central lanes the passing, fast, or overtaking lanes in international contexts, instead of using the ambiguous inner/outer distinction. Regional differences between right-hand traffic and left-hand traffic can cause further confusion, some medians function secondarily as green areas and green belts to beautify roadways. Where space is at a premium, dense hedges of shrubs filter the headlights of oncoming traffic, in contrast to the median of a major road, those in urban areas often take the form of central traffic islands that rise above the roadway. These are frequently found on urban arterial roads, in their simplest form, these are just raised concrete curbs, but can also be landscaped with grass or trees or decorated with bricks or stones. In some areas, such as California, highway medians are sometimes no more than a section of the paved roadway. The medians of United States Interstate Highways break only for emergency service lanes, on British motorways, the median is never broken, but there are no such restrictions on other dual carriageways. The median strip in the United Kingdom and other densely populated European countries is no wider than a single lane of traffic. In some cases, however, it is extended, for instance, if the road is running through hilly terrain, the carriageways may have to be built on different levels of the slope. An example of this is on the M5 motorway as it climbs up the side of the Gordano Valley south of Bristol. The other major exception is the A38 Aston Expressway, which is a carriageway of seven lanes. All existing motorways will introduce concrete barriers as part of ongoing upgrades and through replacement as and this change of policy applies only to barriers in the median of high speed roads and not to verge side barriers. Other routes will continue to use steel barriers, in urban areas, concrete barriers and guard rails are used. In Dedham, Massachusetts, the Norfolk County Correctional Center is located entirely within a median of Massachusetts Route 128
Median (road)
–
A grass median strip on a highway in Pennsylvania, United States
Median (road)
–
A California arterial road median with decorative
cobblestones inset
Median (road)
–
The wide median strip in Main St,
Bairnsdale, Victoria, Australia has been made into a garden feature of the town.
Median (road)
–
A raised concrete median can be seen dividing
US Route 52 in
Rochester, Minnesota
22.
El Camino Real (California)
–
The meaning of the term Camino Real has in fact changed over time. In earlier Spanish colonial times, any road under the jurisdiction of the Spanish crown. Examples of such roads ran between principal settlements throughout Spain and its colonies such as New Spain, most caminos reales had names apart from the appended camino real. Once Mexico won its independence from Spain, no road in Mexico, the name was rarely used after that and was only revived in the American period in connection with the boosterism associated with the Mission Revival movement of the early 20th century. The original route began in Baja California Sur, Mexico, at the site of Misión de Nuestra Señora de Loreto Conchó. Today, many streets throughout California that either follow or run parallel to this route still bear the El Camino Real name. Some of the route has also been continually upgraded until it is now part of the modern California freeway system. The original route is traced by a series of commemorative bell markers. Between 1683 and 1834, Jesuit and Franciscan missionaries established a series of outposts from todays Baja California. In Alta California, El Camino Real followed two routes, established by the first two Spanish exploratory expeditions of the region. The first was the Portolá Expedition of 1769, the expedition party included Franciscan missionaries, led by Junípero Serra. Starting from Loreto, Serra established the first of the 21 missions at San Diego, Serra stayed at San Diego and Juan Crespí continued the rest of the way with Gaspar de Portolá. Proceeding north, Portolá followed the coastline, except where forced inland by coastal cliffs, eventually, the expedition was prevented from going farther north by the entrance to San Francisco Bay, the Golden Gate. Crespí identified several future mission sites which were not developed until later, on the return trip to San Diego, Gaspar de Portolá found a shorter detour around one stretch of coastal cliffs via Conejo Valley. Portolá journeyed again from San Diego to Monterey in 1770, where Junipero Serra founded the second mission (later moved a distance south to Carmel. Carmel became Serras Alta California mission headquarters, the second Juan Bautista de Anza expedition, entering Alta California from the southeast picked up Portolás trail at Mission San Gabriel. De Anzas scouts found easier traveling in several valleys, rather than staying on the rugged coast. On his journey north, de Anza traveled the San Fernando Valley and this became the preferred route, and more closely corresponds to the officially recognized El Camino Real
El Camino Real (California)
–
El Camino Real
El Camino Real (California)
–
A map produced in 1920 shows the route of "El Camino Real" (not accurate in all segments), along with the 21
Alta California Franciscan missions.
El Camino Real (California)
–
A historical marker situated along El Camino Real.
El Camino Real (California)
–
A bell with the inscription El Camino Real at the
Mission San Luis Rey de Francia.
23.
SR 82 (CA)
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State Route 82 is a state highway in the U. S. state of California that runs from Interstate 880 in San Jose to I-280 in San Francisco following the San Francisco Peninsula. It is the arterial road of the peninsula and runs parallel to the nearby Caltrain line along much of the route. Some portions of the highway are named El Camino Real, which formed part of the historic El Camino Real mission trail. SR82 starts as The Alameda at I-880 in San Jose, in Daly City, SR82 becomes Mission Street, connecting with San Franciscos Mission Street, but then quickly flows onto San Jose Avenue, crossing Alemany Boulevard, and terminating at I-280. SR82 takes an inland course paralleling US101, the entire route is at street level with at least four lanes of traffic, no portions of it exist as a freeway, although the route is occasionally a divided highway. The Bayshore Freeway and the I-280 tend to provide faster alternatives than Route 82 even during traffic jams on those freeways, from 1964 to 1968, SR82 continued past its current end north on Alemany Boulevard to Bayshore Boulevard in San Francisco. Prior to 2013, SR82 continued past its current south end on The Alameda, then SR82 turned south on Montgomery St. / Autumn St. then it turned east on San Carlos St. It turned south on Market St. which becomes 1st St. and it followed Monterey Highway until it turned east briefly on Blossom Hill Road, where it ended at US101. Signs along US101, I-280, and SR87 where these relinquished segments intersect still have SR82 shields, the Bayshore Highway to the east was later upgraded to a freeway in 1937 and was originally built as Bypass US101. Eventually, US101 BYP was reverted back into US101 two years later in 1939 and the Bayshore Freeway became US101 BYP until 1964, in 1964, US101 was moved again onto the Bayshore Freeway, and its former alignment on El Camino Real became SR82. It was defined as two portions, From Route 101 near Ford Road south of San Jose to Route 101 in San Francisco, in 1968, the portions from I-280 to US101 and from SR101 to SR87 were transferred to I-280. SR87 was then deleted north of SR237 in 1980, in 2013, SR82 was relinquished south of I-880 through San Jose. The city also has the option to apply to make this segment a business route. The Grand Boulevard Initiative is a partnership of nineteen Bay Area transit agencies and municipalities that operate or manage various portions of the route. Except where prefixed with a letter, postmiles were measured on the road as it was in 1964, based on its southern terminus at US101. R reflects a realignment in the route since then, M indicates a second realignment, L refers an overlap due to a correction or change, segments that remain unconstructed or have been relinquished to local control may be omitted. The numbers reset at county lines, the start and end postmiles in each county are given in the county column. San Francisco Bay Area portal California Roads portal El Camino Real U. S. Route 101 Caltrans, Route 82 highway conditions California Highways, Route 82 California @ AARoads. com - State Route 82
SR 82 (CA)
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Route 82 at the intersection with Mathilda Avenue (Sunnyvale)
SR 82 (CA)
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State Route 82
SR 82 (CA)
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Historical El Camino Real marker in Santa Clara
24.
SR 1 (CA)
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State Route 1 is a major north-south state highway that runs along most of the Pacific coastline of the U. S. state of California. At a total of just over 655.8 miles, it is the longest state route in California, Highway 1 has several portions designated as either Pacific Coast Highway, Cabrillo Highway, Shoreline Highway, or Coast Highway. Its southern terminus is at Interstate 5 near Dana Point in Orange County, Highway 1 also at times runs concurrently with US101, most notably through a 54-mile stretch in Ventura and Santa Barbara counties, and across the Golden Gate Bridge. The highway is designated as an All-American Road, SR1 was built piecemeal in various stages, with the first section opening in the Big Sur region in the 1930s. However, portions of the route had several names and numbers over the years as more segments opened and it was not until the 1964 state highway renumbering that the entire route was officially designated as Highway 1. Highway 1 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System and is eligible for the State Scenic Highway System, however, only a few stretches between Los Angeles and San Francisco have officially been designated as a scenic highway. The Big Sur section from San Luis Obispo to Carmel is an official National Scenic Byway, the entire route is designated as a Blue Star Memorial Highway to recognize those in the United States armed forces. In Southern California, the California Legislature has designated the segment between Interstate 5 in Dana Point and US101 near Oxnard as the Pacific Coast Highway, the legislature has also designated the route as the Shoreline Highway between the Manzanita Junction near Marin City and Leggett. Smaller segments of the highway have been assigned other names by the state. The legislature has relinquished state control of segments within Dana Point, Newport Beach, Santa Monica, and Oxnard. The route annually helps bring several billion dollars to the tourism industry. Segments of Highway 1 range from a rural road to an urban freeway. Because of the former, long distance thru traffic traveling between the metropolitan areas are instead advised to use faster routes such as US101 or I-5. At its southernmost end in Orange County, Highway 1 terminates at I-5 in Capistrano Beach in Dana Point and it then travels west into the city center. After leaving Dana Point, Highway 1 continues northwest along the coast through Laguna Beach, Highway 1 then enters Newport Beach, where it is known as simply Coast Highway. Upon entering Huntington Beach, Highway 1 regains the Pacific Coast Highway designation and it passes Huntington State Beach and the southern terminus of California State Route 39 before reaching Bolsa Chica State Beach and the Bolsa Chica Ecological Reserve. PCH then continues along the coast into Seal Beach, the city on its journey in Orange County. PCH enters Los Angeles County and the city of Long Beach after crossing the San Gabriel River, Highway 1 then continues northwest through the city to its junction with Lakewood Boulevard and Los Coyotes Diagonal at the Los Alamitos Circle, more than 2 miles from the coast
SR 1 (CA)
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Southbound PCH in
Crystal Cove State Park near
Laguna Beach
SR 1 (CA)
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Map of California with SR 1 highlighted in red
SR 1 (CA)
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Southbound SR 1 between
Santa Monica and
LAX.
SR 1 (CA)
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PCH passes Mugu Rock at
Point Mugu.
25.
Interchange (road)
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It differs from a standard intersection, at which roads cross at grade. Note, The descriptions of road junctions are for countries where vehicles drive on the side of the road. For countries where driving is on the left the layout of the junctions is the same, a freeway junction or highway interchange or motorway junction is a type of road junction, linking one controlled-access highway to another, to other roads, or to a rest area/motorway service area. On the UK motorway network, most junctions with roads are numbered sequentially. In the U. S. interchanges are numbered according to cardinal interchange number. A highway ramp or slip road is a section of road which allows vehicles to enter or exit a controlled-access highway. A directional ramp always tends toward the direction of travel. This means that a ramp that makes a left turn exits from the side of the roadway. Left directional ramps are relatively uncommon as the lane is usually reserved for high-speed through traffic. Ramps for a turn are almost always right directional ramps. Where traffic drives on the left, these cases are reversed, a non-directional ramp goes in a direction opposite to the desired direction of travel. A semi-directional ramp exits a road in a direction opposite from the direction of travel. A U-turn ramp leaves the road in one driving direction, turns over or under it, weaving is an undesirable situation in which traffic veering right and traffic veering left must cross paths within a limited distance, to merge with traffic on the through lane. Some on-ramps have a meter, which is a dedicated ramp-only traffic light that throttles the flow of entering vehicles. A complete interchange has ramps to provide access from any direction of any road in the junction to any direction of any other road in the junction. A complete interchange between a freeway and another road requires at least four ramps, complete interchanges between two freeways generally have at least eight ramps, as having fewer would considerably reduce capacity and increase weaving. Depending on the type and the connectivity offered other numbers of ramps may be used. For highways with high-occupancy vehicle lanes, ramps can be used to service these carriageways directly, an incomplete interchange has at least one or more missing ramps that prevent access to at least one direction of another road in the junction from any other road in the junction
Interchange (road)
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The
High Five in
Dallas, Texas, United States: an example of interchange design. This is a complicated five-level stack interchange due to the proximity of
frontage roads and
high-occupancy vehicle lanes. This hybrid design is based on parts of a four-level-stack for highways and a three-level-diamond interchange to handle the frontage roads. 32°55′27″N 96°45′49″W / 32.924167°N 96.763611°W / 32.924167; -96.763611
Interchange (road)
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Off-ramp accessed from
collector lanes along
Highway 401 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 43°42′46″N 79°32′16″W / 43.712886°N 79.537726°W / 43.712886; -79.537726
Interchange (road)
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Typical cloverleaf interchange
Interchange (road)
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A multi-level stack interchange in
Shanghai,
China. 31°13′35″N 121°27′53″E / 31.226335°N 121.464606°E / 31.226335; 121.464606
26.
Alemany Boulevard
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Alemany Boulevard is a northeast–southwest street in San Francisco, California, United States. The boulevard was named for Archbishop Joseph Sadoc Alemany and he was transferred 29 July 1853, to the See of San Francisco as its first archbishop. It starts at Bayshore Boulevard near the Alemany Maze, the eastbound and westbound lanes split beneath the interchange, allowing for access ramps to US-101 from the middle. This configuration is referred to as the Alemany Circle, to the west, the road again splits into two carriageways, with I-280 running in the middle. At Congdon Street, the two carriageways merge, after passing under Mission Street, Alemany continues south and traverses the Excelsior District, running south of I-280. Between Brotherhood Boulevard and San Jose Avenue, Alemany runs one-way eastbound, with traffic crossing under I-280 and through Sagamore Street. It continues west and ends at Junipero Serra Boulevard, which access to John Daly Boulevard
Alemany Boulevard
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Numbered streets
27.
19th Avenue (San Francisco)
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19th Avenue in San Francisco, California, is an 8 km long, six-lane arterial thoroughfare that bisects the southwestern part of the city. It begins at the edge of Golden Gate Park in the Sunset District, as the continuation of Crossover Drive. After running through the Sunset District to Sloat Boulevard, it continues south, passing Stonestown Galleria and San Francisco State University and it then passes Junipero Serra and finally ends at the western border of Ingleside neighborhood. Despite being a city street, the avenue between Golden Gate Park and Junipero Serra Blvd. is designated as part of the State Highway 1. The portion of the avenue between Eucalyptus Drive and Junipero Serra Boulevard is also run by the Muni Metro M Ocean View light rail, 19th Avenue is located between 18th Avenue and 20th Avenue. Previous legislative efforts were vetoed by Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger in 2006, in 2007, the bill failed to come to a final vote before the Senate session ended. On 22 February 2008, Yee successfully reintroduced the bill
19th Avenue (San Francisco)
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The intersection of 19th Avenue and Holloway Avenue with a
Muni Metro station in the background.
19th Avenue (San Francisco)
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Map displaying 19th Avenue (central green road)
19th Avenue (San Francisco)
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Numbered streets
28.
Frontage road
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A frontage road is a local road running parallel to a higher-speed, limited-access road. A frontage road is used to provide access to private driveways, shops. Where parallel high-speed roads are provided as part of a major highway, a frontage lane is a paved path that is used for the transportation and travel from one street to another. Frontage lanes, closely related to a road, are common in metropolitan areas. Frontage roads provide access to homes and businesses which would otherwise be cut off by a limited-access road, at times, they add to the cost of building an expressway due to costs of land acquisition and the costs of paving and maintenance. However, the benefits of development nearby real estate can more than offset the cost of building the frontage roads, furthermore, a frontage road may be a part of an older highway, so the expense of building a frontage road may be slight. And finally, the cost to access rights from adjacent property may exceed the costs to build frontage roads. Conversely, the existence of a road can increase traffic on the main road and be a catalyst for development. A backage road is a concept, but lies on the back side of the land parcels that abut the controlled accesss right of way. Like the frontage road, it mainly to provide access to those parcels as an alternative to a frontage road. There are several advantages to using frontage roads, one advantage is to separate local traffic from through traffic. When frontage roads are lacking in an area, the highway is used as a local road, reducing speeds. Another advantage occurs when the highway is closed or just obstructed and this pushes traffic off the highway. Where an urban area has frontage roads, the traffic can bypass the obstruction or closure on the frontage road. Where an urban area has no road, traffic congests local roads searching for that elusive passage around the obstruction or closure. There are also some disadvantages to using frontage roads and this is because each frontage road is itself another intersection. S. A complex example is US 77/Commerce in Ardmore, Oklahoma, particularly at the Fourth Avenue intersection, right turns from the central carriageways are not allowed, a slip ramp must be taken to the two-way frontage road, where the turning traffic must yield to the through traffic. Only then can a vehicle make a turn from the signal on the frontage road
Frontage road
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A frontage road for
I-49 /
US 71 (a freeway) near
Carthage, Missouri. The frontage road (called an "outer road" in
Missouri) is former
U.S. Route 71 Alternate. A second frontage road on the opposite side of the freeway is visible and was built during construction of the freeway.
Frontage road
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A two-way residential frontage road (left) parallel to a busy major highway.
Frontage road
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Service Lane on Bangalore elevated tollway on Tumkur Road, Bangalore.
Frontage road
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A frontage road for
Texas State Highway 183 (Airport Freeway) in
Irving, Texas
29.
K Ingleside
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The K Ingleside is a Muni Metro line in San Francisco, California, mainly serving the West Portal and Ingleside neighborhoods. The line runs from the Embarcadero Station downtown to the Geneva Avenue and San Jose Avenue in the Balboa Park neighborhood, the downtown portion of the line runs through the Market Street Subway, which it shares with the four other Muni Metro lines. It continues through the much older Twin Peaks Tunnel, along with the L Taraval and M Ocean View lines, emerging at West Portal Station. From there, it follows West Portal Avenue to Saint Francis Circle, the K then follows Ocean Avenue until it reaches Balboa Park Station, where it circles around the Metro yard at San Jose and Geneva Avenue, with the actual terminal stop alongside the station. The K Ingleside line stops at stations for the downtown section of the line. Most of the stops are nothing more than concrete islands in the middle of the street next to the tracks. Some of these island stops provide access for wheelchairs, Muni bus routes provide service to all stations and other systems with access to the stations are noted. The original K Ingleside streetcar line opened in 1918, service was extended the next year by incorporating a previously opened line. The outer end of the line was a stub at the intersection of Brighton and Grafton, in the 1940s an additional branch of the line was built down Onondaga Street to Mission Street. In the 1950s, this was shortened to the Phelan loop at Ocean, on April 23,1979, the line was lengthened to Balboa Park BART Station. Weekend service continued to use PCC cars until September 1982 when the Muni Metro became fully operational. At West Portal Station, inbound K trains heading towards downtown change their signs to the T line, conversely, at Embarcadero Station, the trains show the ultimate destination of the spliced lines rather than the intermediate terminus of the individual line. The K Ingleside begins service at 5 a. m. weekdays,6 a. m, sundays, with the end of service occurring around 12,30 a. m. each night. It operates a headway of 9 to 10 minutes during the day, there is also a K-Owl diesel bus line that runs from Market Street and Steuart Street to Balboa Park. This line makes a number of trips between the times owl service stops and the underground subway stations open. This has been identified as a Tier 1 level project, once this project is complete, the K Ingleside may be re-titled as K Geneva or K Crocker Amazon. Additional plans include a subway with an entrance south of Saint Francis Circle on Junipero Serra Boulevard that connects to the existing Twin Peaks Tunnel. This plan will coincide with the construction of the M Ocean View subway project, inbound to outbound Muni Metro and San Francisco rail map K Ingleside route information from the SF Muni Map Project
K Ingleside
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K Ingleside
30.
San Francisco Municipal Railway
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The San Francisco Municipal Railway is the public transit system for the city and county of San Francisco, California. In 2006, it served 46.7 square miles with an budget of about $700 million. In ridership Muni is the seventh largest transit system in the United States, with 210,848,310 rides in 2006 and the second largest in California behind Metro in Los Angeles. With a fleet average speed of 8.1 mph, it is the slowest major urban transit system in America and one of the most expensive to operate, costing $19.21 per mile per bus and $24.37 per mile per train. However, it has more boardings per mile and more vehicles in operation than similar transit agencies, many weekday riders are commuters, as the daytime weekday population in San Francisco exceeds its normal residential population. Muni shares four metro stations with BART, on weekends, most Muni bus lines are scheduled to run every ten to twenty minutes. However, complaints of unreliability, especially on less-often-served lines and older lines, are a system-wide problem. Muni has had difficulty meeting a stated goal of 85% voter-demanded on-time service. Most intercity connections are provided by BART and Caltrain heavy rail, AC Transit buses at the Transbay Terminal, 70% of stops are spaced closer than recommended range of 800–1,000 feet apart. Muni is short for the Municipal in San Francisco Municipal Railway and is not an acronym, thus, the Muni metro is often called the train or the streetcar. Most San Francisco natives use Muni when speaking about the system in general, the E Embarcadero and F Market & Wharves lines are referred to by Muni as a historic streetcar line rather than as a heritage railway. Munis logo is a stylized, trademarked worm version of the word muni and this logo was designed by San Francisco-based graphic designer Walter Landor in the mid-1970s. Bus and trolleybus lines have number designations, rail lines have letters, except for cable cars, cash fares are $2.50 for adults, $1. Clipper card fares are $2.25 for adults and $1 for seniors, youth, proof-of-payment, which fare inspectors may demand at any time, is either a Clipper card, Muni Passport, or paper transfer. One fare entitles a rider to unlimited vehicle transfers for the next 90 to 120 minutes, cable cars are $7 one way, with no transfers unless the rider has a Muni Passport or Fast Pass. As of September 2014 monthly passes cost $70 for adults, $35 for low-income residents, or $24 for youth, seniors, passes are valid on all Muni lines—including cable cars—and the $83 adult Fast Pass allows BART transit entirely within San Francisco. Other passes and stickers are valid on all Muni lines, including cable cars, cable car fare is $7 per trip, with no transfers issued or accepted. Muni has implemented a smart card payment system known as Clipper
San Francisco Municipal Railway
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A cable car being turned around at the end of the line, August 1964
San Francisco Municipal Railway
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San Francisco Municipal Railway
San Francisco Municipal Railway
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O'Shaughnessy logo (dated)
San Francisco Municipal Railway
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A
trolleybus on the 21-Hayes line
I-280 in South San Francisco
SR 1 in Daly City
I-380 east to US 101
