Junk (ship)
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A junk is a type of Chinese sailing ship characterized by a central rudder, an overhanging flat transom, watertight bulkheads, and a flat-bottomed design. They are also characteristically built using
Junks in Guangzhou, photograph c. 1880 by Lai Afong
Early European illustration of Southeast Asian djongs and other smaller craft (D'Eerste Boeck, c. 1599), note the double rudders which distinguished Southeast Asian ships from the Chinese chuán which had a central rudder
Tracing of two ships from Dunhuang cave temple, c. 8th–9th century CE. The ships showed square sails. A stern sculling oar is also present (known as a yuloh, 摇橹).
Tracing of a ship on a mirror in the Shaanxi museum (circa 9th or 12th century CE)
Mongol invasion of Java
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The Yuan dynasty under Kublai Khan attempted in 1293 to invade Java, an island in modern Indonesia, with 20,000 to 30,000 soldiers. This was intended as a punitive expedition against Kertanegara of Si
Yuan dynasty Mongol cavalry, from Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, collected by Xi'an Museum.
A brass "Tartar rider" toy from Besuki, East Java.
Battle scene from the main temple of Penataran temple complex, 1269 saka or 1347 AD.
Kublai Khan's fleet passing through the Indonesian archipelago, by Sir Henry Yule (1871)