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The Republic Protests took place in 2007 in support of the Kemalist reforms, particularly state secularism and democracy, against the perceived Islami
The Republic Protests took place in 2007 in support of the Kemalist reforms, particularly state secularism and democracy, against the perceived Islamization of Turkey under the ruling Justice and Development Party.
A rally of the Justice and Development Party in 2007
A rally of the Justice and Development Party in 2007
Picture of Erdogan among other leaders at the European People's Party Congress in 2009
Picture of Erdogan among other leaders at the European People's Party Congress in 2009
Recep Tayyip Erdogan in Ukraine
Recep Tayyip Erdogan in Ukraine
The fez, which entered public life in the Ottoman Empire as part of Mahmud II's Westernization reforms, became a symbol of Islamist anti-Kemalism in T
The fez, which entered public life in the Ottoman Empire as part of Mahmud II's Westernization reforms, became a symbol of Islamist anti-Kemalism in Turkey.
Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoğlu and Hossam Zaki, Senior Advisor to the Foreign Minister of Egypt, at the Munich Security Conference in 2010
Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoğlu and Hossam Zaki, Senior Advisor to the Foreign Minister of Egypt, at the Munich Security Conference in 2010
A cult of personality was developed around Sultan Abdul Hamid II to tarnish Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's established image as the founder of modern Turkey.
A cult of personality was developed around Sultan Abdul Hamid II to tarnish Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's established image as the founder of modern Turkey.