A justice of the peace is a judicial officer of a lower court, elected or appointed by means of a commission to keep the peace. In past centuries the term commissioner of the peace was often used with
Justice of the Peace office in Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin
A justice of the peace in Taos County, New Mexico, United States, hears a case (1941).
A summary offence or petty offence is a violation in some common law jurisdictions that can be proceeded against summarily, without the right to a jury trial or indictment.
Justice of the peace
…peace. In past centuries the term commissioner of the peace was often used with the same meaning. Depending on the jurisdiction, such justices dispense summary justice or merely deal with local administrative applications in common law jurisdictions. Justices of the peace are appointed or elected from the citizens of…
The Melbourne Magistrates' Court. In Victoria, Australia, all summary offences are heard in the Magistrates' Court