1.
Zones of Nepal
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As of 20 September 2015 Nepal is divided into 7 provinces. They are defined by schedule 4 of the new constitution, by grouping together the existing districts, two districts however are split in two parts ending up in two different provinces. As of earlier model, Nepal was divided into 14 administrative zones and 75 districts, the 14 administrative zones were grouped into five development regions. Each district is headed by a Chief District Officer and is responsible for maintaining law and order and coordinating the work of field agencies of the various government ministries
2.
Languages of Nepal
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The 2011 National census lists 123 Nepalese languages spoken as a mother tongue in Nepal. Most belong to the Indo-Aryan and Sino-Tibetan language families, the official language of Nepal is Nepali, formerly called Khaskura then Gorkhali. According to the 2011 national census, the percentage of Nepali Bhasi people is about 44. 6%, maithili is the second largest Nepalese language and according to 2011 Census, the percentage of Maithil people is 11. 57%. Three quarters of the 123 languages native to Nepal belong to the Tibeto-Burman language family, this includes Nepal Bhasa, the Dravidian languages are represented by Kurux, and the Munda languages of the Austroasiatic family by Santali and Mundari. The indigenous languages of Nepal that predated the influx of Indic, Tibeto-Burman, and other families barely survive in the Kusunda language, which is nearly extinct today. Nepal also has at several indigenous village sign languages, Jhankot Sign Language, Jumla Sign Language, and Ghandruk Sign Language, in addition to the Nepali Sign Language designed for national use
3.
Urdu
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Urdu is a persianized standard register of the Hindustani language. It is the language and lingua franca of Pakistan. It is also one of the 22 official languages recognized in the Constitution of India, hyderabad, Rampur, Bhopal and Lucknow are noted Urdu-speaking cities of India. Urdu is historically associated with the Muslims of the northern Indian subcontinent, apart from specialized vocabulary, Urdu is mutually intelligible with Standard Hindi, another recognized register of Hindustani. Urdu, like Hindi, is a form of Hindustani, Urdu developed under the influence of the Persian and Arabic languages, both of which have contributed a significant amount of vocabulary to formal speech. Around 99% of Urdu verbs have their roots in Sanskrit and Prakrit, Urdu words originating from Chagatai and Arabic were borrowed through Persian and hence are Persianized versions of the original words. For instance, the Arabic ta marbuta changes to he or te, nevertheless, contrary to popular belief, Urdu did not borrow from the Turkish language, but from Chagatai. Urdu and Turkish borrowed from Arabic and Persian, hence the similarity in pronunciation of many Urdu, Arabic influence in the region began with the late first-millennium Arab invasion of India in the 7th century. The Persian language was introduced into the subcontinent a few centuries later by various Persianized Central Asian Turkic and Afghan dynasties including that of the Delhi Sultanate. With the advent of the British Raj, Persian was no longer the language of administration but Hindustani, still written in the Persian script, the name Urdu was first used by the poet Ghulam Hamadani Mushafi around 1780. From the 13th century until the end of the 18th century Urdu was commonly known as Hindi, the language was also known by various other names such as Hindavi and Dehlavi. The communal nature of the language lasted until it replaced Persian as the language in 1837 and was made co-official. Urdu was promoted in British India by British policies to counter the previous emphasis on Persian and this triggered a Brahman backlash in northwestern India, which argued that the language should be written in the native Devanagari script. At independence, Pakistan established a highly Persianized literary form of Urdu as its national language, English has exerted a heavy influence on both as a co-official language. Owing to interaction with other languages, Urdu has become localized wherever it is spoken, similarly, the Urdu spoken in India can also be distinguished into many dialects like Dakhni of South India, and Khariboli of the Punjab region since recent times. Because of Urdus similarity to Hindi, speakers of the two languages can understand one another if both sides refrain from using specialized vocabulary. The syntax, morphology, and the vocabulary are essentially identical. Thus linguists usually count them as one language and contend that they are considered as two different languages for socio-political reasons
4.
Nepali language
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Nepali, originally known as Khas Kura, Parbate Bhasa or Gorkhali, is an Indo-Aryan language. It is the language and de facto lingua franca of Nepal. It is also spoken in parts of India, particularly by Indian Gorkha. In India, Nepali language is listed in the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of India having a status in the Indian state of Sikkim. Nepali developed in proximity to a number of Indo-Aryan languages, most notably the Pahari languages and Magahi, however, owing to Nepals geographical area, it has also been influenced by Tibeto-Burman languages. Nepali is mainly differentiated from Central Pahari, both in grammar and vocabulary, by Tibeto-Burman idioms owing to close contact with the language group. Nepali language shares 40% lexical similarity with the Bengali language, in the nineteenth century, the British resident at Kathmandu Brian Houghton Hodgson observed that it was, in eight-tenths of its vocabulary, substantially Hindi. Historically, the language was first called the Khas language, then Gorkhali or Gurkhali before the term Nepali was adopted, in 1920, during Rana regime in Nepal, the term Nepal which resembled the Nepal Mandala was taken from its people. Soon after that, Nepal Bhasa was renamed into Newari and Parbate/Khas language took over as Nepali language, other names include Parbatiya and Dzongkha Lhotshammikha. It is also known as the Khey language or Partya language among the Newar people and Pahari language among Madhesi, however, due to protests for identity, Newars have restored their languages name as Nepal Bhasa and voices have been raise to re-instate Parbate language in its original name. Nepali developed a significant literature within a period of a hundred years in the 19th century. This literary explosion was fueled by Adhyatma Ramayana, Sundarananda Bara, Birsikka, a collection of folk tales. The contribution of trio-laureates Lekhnath Paudyal, Laxmi Prasad Devkota, the contribution of expatriate writers outside Nepal, especially in Darjeeling and Varanasi in India, is also notable. In the past decade, there have been many contributions to Nepali literature from the Nepali diaspora in Asia, Europe, America, according to the 2011 national census,44.6 percent of the population of Nepal speaks Nepali as a first language. The Ethnologue website reports 12,300,000 speakers within Nepal, Nepali is traditionally spoken in the Hill Region of Nepal, especially in the western part of the country. Although the Newar language dominated the Kathmandu valley, Nepali is currently the most dominant, Nepali is used in government and as the everyday language of a growing portion of the local population. Nevertheless, the use of Nepali in the courts and government of Nepal is being challenged. Recognition of other languages in Nepal was one of the objectives of the Communist Party of Nepals long war
5.
Nepal
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Nepal, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked central Himalayan country in South Asia. Nepal is divided into 7 provinces and 75 districts and 744 local units including 4 metropolises,13 sub-metropolises,246 municipal councils and 481 village and it has a population of 26.4 million and is the 93rd largest country by area. Bordering China in the north and India in the south, east, Nepal does not border Bangladesh, which is located within only 27 km of its southeastern tip. It neither borders Bhutan due to the Indian state of Sikkim being located in between, Nepal has a diverse geography, including fertile plains, subalpine forested hills, and eight of the worlds ten tallest mountains, including Mount Everest, the highest point on Earth. Kathmandu is the capital and largest city. It is a nation with Nepali as the official language. The territory of Nepal has a history since the Neolithic age. The name Nepal is first recorded in texts from the Vedic Age, the era which founded Hinduism, in the middle of the first millennium BCE, Gautama Buddha, the founder of Buddhism, was born in southern Nepal. Parts of northern Nepal were intertwined with the culture of Tibet, the Kathmandu Valley in central Nepal became known as Nepal proper because of its complex urban civilization. It was the seat of the prosperous Newar confederacy known as Nepal Mandala, the Himalayan branch of the ancient Silk Road was dominated by the valleys traders. The cosmopolitan region developed distinct traditional art and architecture, by the 18th century, the Gorkha Kingdom achieved the unification of Nepal. The Shah dynasty established the Kingdom of Nepal and later formed an alliance with the British Empire, the country was never colonized but served as a buffer state between Imperial China and Colonial India. In the 20th century, Nepal ended its isolation and forged ties with regional powers. Parliamentary democracy was introduced in 1951, but was suspended by Nepalese monarchs in 1960 and 2005. The Nepalese Civil War resulted in the proclamation of a republic in 2008, modern Nepal is a federal secular parliamentary republic. Nepal is a nation, ranking 144th on the Human Development Index in 2016. The country struggles with the transition from a monarchy to a republic and it also suffers from high levels of hunger and poverty. Despite these challenges, Nepal is making progress, with the government declaring its commitment to elevate the nation from least developed country status by 2022
6.
Taulihawa, Nepal
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Kapilavastu, more commonly known and referred to as Taulihawa, is a municipality and administrative center of Kapilvastu District in Province No.5 of southern Nepal. Taulihawa is located roughly 25 kilometres to the south-west of Lumbini, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the municipality lies at an altitude of 107 metres above sea level on Nepals southern border across from Uttar Pradesh state, India. There is a checkpoint for goods while movement of Indian. In ancient times Kapilavastu was the city of the Shakya kingdom. King Śuddhodana and Queen Māyā are believed to have lived at Kapilavastu, Taulihawa had a population of 27,170 at the time of the 2001 Nepal census. Buddhist sources present Kapila as a well-known Vedic sage whose students built the city of Kapilavastu, Buddhist texts such as the Pāli Canon claim that Kapilavastu was the childhood home of Gautama Buddha, on account of it being the capital of the Shakyas, over whom his father ruled. The 19th-century search for the site of Kapilavastu followed the accounts left by Faxian and later by Xuanzang. Many Hindus come here to worship Lord Shiva during the Maha Shivaratri festival, tilaurakot Twin Stupa Kumarwarti Lumbini On Trial, The Untold Story by Terry Phelps. See Section The Kapilavastu of the Chinese Pilgrims and following passage also
7.
Terai
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The Terai is a lowland region in southern Nepal and northwestern India that lies south of the outer foothills of the Himalayas, the Siwalik Hills, and north of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. This lowland belt is characterised by tall grasslands, scrub savannah, sal forests, in northern India, the Terai spreads from the Yamuna River eastward across Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. The Terai is part the Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands ecoregion, the corresponding lowland region in West Bengal, Bangladesh, Bhutan and Assam in the Brahmaputra River basin is called Dooars. In Nepal, the Terai lies at an altitude of between 67 and 300 m and comprises more than 50 wetlands, north of the Terai rises the Bhabhar, a narrow but continuous belt of forest about 8–12 km wide. In Hindi the region is called तराई, tarāī meaning foot-hill, in Nepali, the region is called तराइ tarāi meaning the low-lying land, plain and especially the low-lying land at the foot of the Himālayas. The regions name in Urdu is ترائي tarāʼī meaning lands lying at the foot of a watershed or on the banks of a river, low ground flooded with water, valley, basin, marshy ground, marsh, swamp, meadow. Medium rivers such as the Rapti rise in the Mahabharat Range, the geological structure of the region consists of old and new alluvium, both of which constitute alluvial deposits of mainly sand, clay, silt, gravels and coarse fragments. The new alluvium is renewed every year by fresh deposits brought down by active streams, old alluvium is found rather away from river courses, especially on uplands of the plain where silting is a rare phenomenon. A large number of small and usually seasonal rivers flow through the Terai, the soil in the Terai is alluvial and fine to medium textured. Forest cover in the Terai and hill areas has decreased at a rate of 1. 3% between 1978 and 1979, and 2. 3% between 1990 and 1991. With deforestation and cultivation increasing, a mixture of gravel, boulders and sand evolves. The reduction in slope as rivers exit the hills and then transition from the sloping Bhabhar to the nearly level Terai causes current to slow and this deposition process creates multiple channels with shallow beds, enabling massive floods as monsoon-swollen rivers overflow their low banks and shift channels. Many areas show erosion such as gullies, there are several differences between the climate on the western edge of the Terai at Chandigarh in India and at Biratnagar in Nepal near the eastern edge. Moving inland and away from sources in the Bay of Bengal. In the far western Terai, which is five degrees latitude further north, total rainfall markedly diminishes from east to west. The monsoon arrives later, is less intense and ends sooner. However, winters are wetter in the west, in India, the Terai extends over the states of Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. The Inner Terai refers to the valleys in the lowlands of southern Nepal located between the Mahabharat and Shivalik ranges
8.
Rupandehi District
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Rupandehi District(Nepali, रुपन्देही जिल्ला Listen, a part of Province No. 5, is one of the districts of Nepal and covers an area of 1,360 km². As per the national census 2011, the population of Rupandehi was 880,196, Rupandehi is named after Rupadevi, the queen of King Suddhodana. Lumbini, birthplace of Lord Buddha, lies in Rupandehi district, devdaha, the birthplace of Mayadevi also lies in Rupandehi district. Data Sourece, Central bureau of statistics kathmandu, government of Nepal, the district is divided into seven election constituencies area,17 Ilaka,48 VDCs,5 municipalities and one submetropolitan city. The district lies on the southern and western part of Nepal, the total area of the district is 1,360 km² with 16. 1% in Churia Range and rest in the Terai region. Rupandehi has many rivers all of which flow from Northern mountains towards south into India, Many peoples visit there to worship Goddess Durga throughout the year. It is the most popular Temple after Parroha Temple in this area. Many poojas are conducte timely and it is regularly repaired by the members involved in its development. Lumbini is the birthplace of Lord Buddha on whose teachings Buddhism was founded and it is granted World Heritage status by UNESCO in 1997. Thousands of Buddhist monks, pilgrims and tourists visit Lumbini annually, the ongoing up-gradation of Gautam Buddha Airport into international airport is expected to increase the number of visitors. Mahinda Rajapakshe, President of Sri Lanka is one of the visitor of Lumbini. This is a dedicated to Lord Shiva situated in border between Palpa and Rupandehi. There is a belief that Lord Shiva grants the wishes of the devotees who visit the temple, interestingly, there are two Siddha Baba Mandir adjacent to each other. One lies within Rupandehi and another in Palpa, nonetheless, both Mandir are regarded as pilgrimage of equal importance. This is a dedicated to Devi Satiya situated in Patkhauli VDC. There is a belief that Real Lady grants the wishes of the devotees who visit the temple, interestingly, there are A real Maya Devi Mandir and other is modified Temple adjacent to each other. One lies within Rupandehi and another in Palpa, nonetheless, both Mandir are regarded as pilgrimage of equal importance. Due to the Godes beloved to visitors in Satiya Ban area, actually this temple is situated in the middle of Rohini Khola but now River is flowing west of Satiya Devi Temple and Satiya Bagaicha
9.
Dang Deukhuri District
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Dang is located in Inner Terai, some 410 km west of the capital city, Kathmandu in Province No.5 in midwestern Nepal. The district covers 2,955 km² with a population of 548,141, Ghorahi is the districts administrative center and largest city while Tulsipur to the west is a transportation hub and Rapti Zones administrative center. There are numerous temples and gumbas in Dang district, Dang, Ghorahi is a proposed capital of Rapti Lumbini Province based on the Constitution of Nepal 2015. This district consists of the easterly and upstream portions of the parallel Inner Terai valleys of Dang and Deukhuri, plus enclosing ranges of hills. Downstream, both cross into Banke District, Bheri Zone. To the south, the district borders Uttar Pradesh, a state in india, Nepals neighboring country—specifically the Balarampur, the permeable geology of the Siwaliks does not support moisture retention or soil development, so they are covered with unproductive scrub forest. The Dudhwas rise steeply to a crest at about 700 meters, then more gradually into the Deukhuri Valley. The Dudhwas extend more than 100 km, causing the Rapti to detour west around them before turning southeast down the trend of the plains into India. Deukhuris climate is tropical and it is well watered by the river. North of Deukhuri Valley, the Dang Range rises as high as 1,000 meters with passes at about 700 meters, the Dang Valley lies north of these hills, drained by the Babai River tributary to the Ghaghara. Valley elevations range from 600 meters along the Babai with alluvial slopes gradually rising northward to 700 meters along the base of the Mahabharat Range, the district then extends upslope to the crest of the Mahabharats at 1,500 to 1,700 meters elevation. The bordering districts to the north are Pyuthan, Rolpa, hand axes and other artifacts dated to early Paleolithic have been found in alluvial deposits along the Babai River in Dang Valley. Archeologists classify these as Acheulean, i. e. second-generation toolmaking that succeeds the very oldest Olduwan, there are more numerous less ancient archeological sites dating to the Upper Paleolithic/Late Pleistocene. These are also along the Babai, as well as in Deukhuri Valley adjacent, throughout historic times and probably earlier the Dang and Deukhuri valleys were home to indigenous Tharu people. About 1760 AD all these kingdoms were annexed by the Shah Dynasty during the reunification of Nepal, except Tulsipur lands south of the Siwalik Hills were not taken. Since Dang was somewhat higher, cooler, better-drained and therefore less malarial than most Inner Terai valleys in Nepal, it was settled to some extent by Shah and Rana courtiers and other Nepalese. Deukhuri was more of a Tharu enclave until DDT was introduced to control the disease-bearing Anopheles mosquito in the 1950s, East West Highway —the main east-west highway across Nepal— follows Deukhuri Valley, passing Kalakate and Bhalubang bazar at the upper end and Lamahi downstream. From Bhalubang, branch roads lead up the Rapti River into Pyuthan, from Lamahi there are roads north across the Dang Range to Ghorahi, and south over the Dudhwas to Koilabas, which used to be an international trade centre earlier
10.
Arghakhanchi District
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Arghakhanchi is one of the districts of Province No.5 in Nepal. The district covers an area of 1,193 km² and has a population of 197,632 and its neighboring districts are, Palpa in the east, Gulmi in the North, Kapilbastu in the south and Pyuthan in the west. The famous places are Supa Deurali, Argha and Chhatraganj Temple, Narsing Thana at Hanshapur Bamruk, Sattle Gupha, the district consists of two pre-unification principalities Argha and Khanchi. Argha was the given to ritual offerings made at the former principalitys main Bhagwati Temple. Khanchi may come from the word Khajanchi or tax collector since the center of the principality was known for its tax office. Both were two of the Chaubisi rajya centered in the Gandaki Basin, in 1786 A. D. during the unification of Nepal the two were annexed by Gorkha. Later the merger was renamed “Arghakhanchi” and added to Gulmi District, Arghakhanchi became a separate district in 1961 A. D. In 2001, the population was 208,391, in 1991, the population was 180,884. According to the 2011 census the population was 197,632. Of these 86,266 were male and 111,366 are female, total no of household 46,835 and average household size 4.22 on the basis of usual place of residence. Sex ratio is 77.5 and population density 166. The major religion of this district are Hindu, Arghakhanchi lies between 2745N and 286N latitude, and 8045E to 8323E longitude. The altitude of the district varies from 305 to 2515 meter above the sea level, 68% of the district is in the mountainous Mahabharat Range and the rest is in the Siwalik Hills. Elevations range from 305–2575 m above sea level and about 40% of the area is forested. The major lakes of the district are Thada lake and Sengleng lake, the major town in the district is Sandhikharka which is the headquarter of Arghakhanchi district in the Lumbini Zone of Nepal. It is located almost 300 km southwest of Nepals capital of Kathmandu, due to a high literacy rate, Sandhikharka once attracted people from outside Arghakhanchi district to Sandhikharka for its good schools. One of the school of Arghakhachi is in Hatari Neta which provides one of the finest education in the level of government sector. They are said to have facilities in terms of roads, electric power, education. Villages in the west and south part of the district have relatively little development as compared to the villages of the north, sano Gaun is the most popular place for visit
11.
Balrampur district
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Balrampur district is one of the districts of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and is a part of Devipatan division as well as the historic Awadh regions. Located on the banks of the West Rapti River, Balrampur town is the district headquarter, Balrampur is known for the temple of Pateshwari Devi, a Shakti Pitha, and for the ruins of the nearby ancient city of Sravasti, now a pilgrimage site for Buddhists and Jains. Lucknow is the city of Uttar Pradesh and is 162 kilometres from Balrampur district headquarters. The creation of Balrampur District was done by G. D. No, 1428/1-5/97/172/85-R-5 Lucknow dated May 25,1997 by the division of District Gonda. Siddharth Nagar, Shrawasti, Gonda District, are situated in the east-west and south sides respectively, the area of the district is 336917 Hectares. In which the agriculture irrigated area is 221432 Hectares, in the north of the district is situated the Shivalics ranges of the Himalayas which is called Tarai Region. The district is named after the princely estate and its capital. The name of estate was derived from its founder Balram Das. The territory which the present Balrampur district covers was a part of the ancient Kosala kingdom, Sravasti was the capital of Uttara Kosala. The ruins of Sahet, ancient Sravasti, spread over an area of 400 acres, towards the Rapti River, a little north of Sahet, lies the ancient city of Mahet. The fortified entrance to Mahet is made of mud, constructed in a crescent shape, the Sobhnath temple houses the great Stupas. These Stupas reflect the Buddhist tradition and boast of the history of the monasteries in Balrampur, jeetavana monastery, one of the oldest monasteries in the country, is said to be one of the favorite sites of Gautam Buddha. It contains the 12th century inscriptions, there is also a sacred tree of Peepal nearby. It is said that the tree was grown from a sapling from the original Bodhi Tree at Bodh Gaya, Gautam Buddha spent 21 rainy season under the sacred Peepal tree. The famous incident of Angulimal happened in the forest of Sravasti, another site of religious importance in the city is Sravasti. It is said that Mahavira Jain, the 24th Tirthankara of Jainism, the area covered by the district was a part of Bahraich Sarkar of Awadh Subah during the Mughal rule. Later, it came under the control of the ruler of Awadh till its annexation in February,1856 by the British government, British government separated Gonda from Bahraich and it became a part of Gonda. During the British rule a commissionary was constituted for the administration of this area with its headquarters at Gonda, during this period Balrampur was an Estate in Utraula tehsil of Gonda district, which consisted 3 tehsils, Gonda Sadar, Tarabganj and Utraula
12.
Awadh
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Nepalgunj was an administrative region, which serves as the present-day capital of Province No.5 of Nepal. The region is home to a dialect, Awadhi, spoken by Awadhis. Awadh, known as the granary of India, was important strategically for the control of the Doab and it was a wealthy kingdom, able to maintain its independence against threats from the Marathas, the British and the Afghans. Awadhs political unity can be traced back to the ancient Hindu kingdom of Kosala, modern Awadh finds historical mention only in the Mughal time of Akbar the Great, in the late 16th century. In prehistoric times, Awadh, reputedly the kingdom of Rama, contained five main divisions, Uttara Kosala or the districts, now known as Bahraich, Gonda, Basti. Silliana, consisting of range of hills to the north of Uttara Kosala, now belonging to Nepal. Pachhimrath, which may be described as the country between Ghaghra and Gomti west to the line from Ayodhya to Sultanpur. This division included about third of present district of Faizabad, a portion of the north of Sultanpur, greater part of Barabanki. Purabrath, which may be described as the country between Ghaghra and Gomti east to the line from Ayodhya to Sultanpur. This division included about two-thirds of present district of Faizabad, the corner of Sultanpur. Arbar, extended soutwards Gomti to the Sai river, since 1350 AD different parts of the Awadh region were ruled by the Delhi Sultanate, Sharqi Sultanate, Mughal Empire, Nawabs of Awadh, East India Company and the British Raj. Lucknow was one of the centres of Indian rebellion of 1857, participated actively in Indias Independence movement. For about eighty-four years, Awadh was part of the Sharqi Sultanate of Jaunpur, Emperor Jehangir granted an estate in Awadh to a nobleman, Sheik Abdul Rahim, who had won his favour. Sheik Abdul Rahim later built Machchi Bhawan in this estate, this became the seat of power from where his descendants. Until 1719, the Subah of Awadh was a province of the Mughal Empire, Nawab –the plural of the Arabic word Naib, meaning assistant– was the term given to subahdars appointed by the Mughal emperor all over India to assist him in managing the Empire. In the absence of transport and communication facilities, they were practically independent rulers of their territory and wielded the power of life. Persian adventurer Saadat Khan, also called Burhan-ul-Mulk, was appointed the Nazim of Awadh in 1722, the city was North Indias cultural capital, its nawabs, best remembered for their refined and extravagant lifestyles, were patrons of the arts. Under them music and dance flourished, and many monuments were erected, of the monuments standing today, the Bara Imambara, the Chhota Imambara and the Rumi Darwaza are notable examples
13.
Siddharthnagar district
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Siddharthnagar district is one of the 75 districts of Uttar Pradesh state in Northern India. Naugarh town is the district headquarters, siddharth Nagar district is a part of Basti division. Others suggest that the site of Kapilavastu is located 16 kilometres to the northwest, at Tilaurakot. Freedom fighter Prabhudayal Vidyarthi, arrested at Sevagram and confined in a cell from 1942 to 1945 in Nagpur Jail, Maharashtra. The bridge on Farenda Naugarh-Barhni Shravasti Road is named Prabhu Dayal Vidyarthi Van Ganga Bridge to honour him, Siddharthnagar district lies between 27°N to 27°28N and 82°45E to 83°10E. The district borders Nepals Kapilvastu district on the north and Rupandehi district on the northeast, otherwise it is surrounded by other districts of Uttar Pradesh, Maharajganj on the east, Basti and Sant Kabir Nagar on the south, and Balrampur on the west. In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Siddharthnagar one of the countrys 250 most backward districts and it is one of the 34 districts in Uttar Pradesh currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme. Siddharth University is a university in Kapilwastu, Siddharthnagar, Uttar Pradesh. Siddharthnagar district comprises 5 tehsils, Naugarh Shohratgarh, Bansi, Itwa, according to the 2011 census, Siddharthnagar district has a population of 2,553,526, roughly equal to the nation of Kuwait or the US state of Nevada. This gives it a ranking of 164th in India, the district has a population density of 882 inhabitants per square kilometre. Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 25. 17%, siddharth Nagar has a sex ratio of 970 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 67. 81%. The minority population is about 27% of the population of the district. Siddharth Nagar is a category A district, that is, it has socio-economic and basic amenities parameters below the national average
14.
Geography of Nepal
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Nepal measures about 800 kilometers along its Himalayan axis by 150 to 250 kilometers across. Nepal has an area of 147,181 square kilometers, Nepal is landlocked by India on three sides and Chinas Tibet Autonomous Region to the north. West Bengals narrow Siliguri Corridor or Chickens Neck separate Nepal and Bangladesh, to the east are India and Bhutan. Nepal depends on India for goods facilities and access to the sea. For a small country, Nepal has tremendous geographic diversity, along a south-to-north transect, Nepal can be divided into three belts, Terai, Hill and Mountain Regions. In the other direction, it is divided into three major systems, from east to west, Koshi, Gandaki/Narayani and Karnali, all tributaries of the Ganges. The Ganges-Yarlung Zangbo/Brahmaputra watershed largely coincides with the Nepal-Tibet border, however several Ganges tributaries rise inside Tibet, the Terai or Madhesh region begins at the Indian border and includes the southernmost part of the flat, intensively farmed Gangetic Plain called the Outer Terai. By the 19th century, timber and other resources were being exported to India, the Outer Terai is culturally more similar to adjacent parts of Indias Bihar and Uttar Pradesh than to the hill region of Nepal. Nepali is taught in schools and often spoken in government offices, however the population mostly uses Maithali, Bhojpuri. The Outer Terai ends at the base of the first range of foothills called the Siwaliks or Churia and this range has a densely forested skirt of coarse alluvium called the bhabhar. Below the bhabhar, finer, less permeable sediments force groundwater to the surface in a zone of springs, in Persian, terai refers to wet or marshy ground. Before the use of DDT this was dangerously malarial, Nepals rulers used this for a defensive frontier called the char kose jhadi. Above the bhabhar belt, the Siwaliks rise to about 700 metres with peaks as high as 1,000 metres and this range is composed of poorly consolidated, coarse sediments that do not retain water or support soil development so there is virtually no agricultural potential and sparse population. In several places beyond the Siwaliks there are dūn valleys called Inner Terai and these valleys have productive soil but were dangerously malarial except to indigenous Tharu people who had genetic resistance. In the mid-1950s DDT came into use to suppress mosquitos and the way was open to settlement from the land-poor hills, the terai ends and the Hills begin at a higher range of foothills called the Mahabharat Range. Situated south of the Mountain Region, the Hill Region is mostly betw altitude. This region begins at the Mahabharat Range where a system called the Main Boundary Thrust creates an escarpment 1,000 to 1,500 metres high. These steep southern slopes are nearly uninhabited, thus an effective buffer between languages and culture in the Terai and Hill regions, Hindu Paharis mainly populate river and stream bottoms that enable rice cultivation and are warm enough for winter/spring crops of wheat and potato
15.
Tropical climate
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A tropical climate in the Köppen climate classification it is a non-arid climate in which all twelve months have mean temperatures of at least 18 °C. In tropical climates there is only two seasons, a wet season and a dry season. Tropical climates are frost-free and changes in the angle are small. In tropical climates temperature remains constant throughout the year. Within the tropical climate there are distinct varieties based on precipitation, In the Tropical rainforest climate. These climates usually occur within 5–10° latitude of the equator, in some eastern coast areas, they may extend to as much as over 26° away from the equator. This climate is dominated by the doldrums Low Pressure System all year round and it is dominated by the monsoon winds which change direction according to the seasons. This climate has a driest month with less than 60 millimetres. Examples, Southern part of Arabian Peninsula, mountaintops within the tropics, e. g. Mount Kenya, can be cold. However, like lowlands in the tropics, there is seasonal variation of temperature. Because of the effect of sun angle on climate most areas within the tropics are hot year-round, the ITCZ is shown, for July average, in the graphic. Areas of ascending air have heavy rainfall, areas of descending air are dry, the ITCZ somewhat follows the solar equator throughout the year, but with geographical variations, and in some areas is heavily influenced by local large-scale monsoons
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Subtropics
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The subtropics are geographic and climate zones located roughly between the tropic circle of latitude at 23.5 latitude and temperate latitudes. Subtropical climates are characterized by warm to hot summers and cool to mild winters with infrequent frost. Subtropical climates can occur at elevations within the tropics, such as in the southern end of the Mexican Plateau and in Vietnam. Six climate classifications use the term to define the various temperature. A great portion of the deserts are located within the subtropics. Within savanna regimes in the subtropics, a wet season is seen annually during the summer, within Mediterranean climate regimes, the wet season occurs during the winter. Areas bordering warm oceans are prone to heavy rainfall from tropical cyclones. Plants such as palms, citrus, mango, lychee, the tropics have been historically defined as lying between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn, located at 23. 45° north and south latitude respectively. The poleward fringe of the subtropics is located at approximately 40° north and south latitude respectively, northern fringes of the type can go further north due to moderating effects of ocean streams, like in parts of Southern Europe due to heat transported by the Gulf Stream. Several methods have used to define the subtropical climate. In the Trewartha climate classification, a subtropical region should have at least eight months with a temperature greater than 10 °C. According to the Troll-Paffen climate classification, there exists one large subtropical zone named the warm-temperate subtropical zone. According to the E. Neef climate classification, the zone is divided into two parts, Rainy winters of the west sides and Eastern subtropical climate. According to the Wilhelm Lauer & Peter Frankenberg climate classification, the zone is divided into three parts, high-continental, continental, and maritime. According to the Siegmund/Frankenberg climate classification, subtropical is one of six zones in the world. Heating of the earth near the equator leads to large amounts of upward motion and convection along the trough or Intertropical convergence zone. The upper-level divergence over the near-equatorial trough leads to air rising and moving away from the equator aloft, as the air moves towards the Mid-Latitudes, it cools and sinks, which leads to subsidence near the 30th parallel of both hemispheres. This circulation is known as the Hadley cell and leads to the formation of the subtropical ridge, many of the worlds deserts are caused by these climatological high-pressure areas, located within the subtropics
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Tharu people
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The Tharu people are an ethnic group indigenous to the southern foothills of the Himalayas, most of the Tharu people live in the Nepal Terai. Some Tharu groups also live in the Indian Terai, foremost in Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, the Tharus are recognized as an official nationality by the Government of Nepal. The Government of India recognizes the Tharu people as a scheduled tribe, as of 2011, the Tharu population of Nepal was censused at 1,737,470 people, or 6. 6% of the total population. In 2009, the majority of Tharu people were estimated to live in Nepal, in 2001, Tharu people were the largest of five scheduled tribes in Uttarakhand, with a population of 256,129 accounting for 33. 4% of all scheduled tribes. In the same year, they constituted 77. 4% of the tribal population of Uttar Pradesh with a population of 83,544. The Tharu people themselves say that they are a people of the forest, in Chitwan, they have lived in the forests for hundreds of years practicing a short fallow shifting cultivation. The Tharus never went abroad for employment – a life that kept them isolated in their own localities, in this isolation they developed a unique culture free from the influence of adjacent India, or from the mountain groups of Nepal. Much of the design is rooted in devotional activities and passed on from one generation to the next. The Deukheri Tharu are known for their colorful, shell and/or feather decorated basketry, in the western Terai, most Rana Tharu prefer living in Badaghar called longhouses with big families of many generations, sometimes 40-50 people. All household members pool their labor force, contribute their income, share the expenditure, Tharus from the mid west and far west of Nepal have been practicing the Badghar system, where a Badghar is elected chief of a village or a small group of villages for a year. The election generally takes place in the month of Magh, after celebrating the Maghi Festival, in most cases, each household in the village which engages in farming has one voting right for electing a Badghar. Thus the election is based on a count of households count rather than a headcount, the role of the Badghar is to work for the welfare of the village. The Badghar direct the villagers to repair canals or streets when needed and they also oversee and manages the cultural traditions of the villages. They have an authority of punishing those who do not follow their orders or who go against the welfare of the village, generally the Badghar has a Chaukidar to help him. With the consent of the villagers the Badghar may appoint aGuruwa who is the medic, as Tharus society is mainly involved in farming, irrigation is one of the most important aspects of the community. Tharus in western Nepal built canals that irrigate thousands of hectares of land, hundreds of years ago, without using any sophisticated tools, they built hundreds of kilometers of irrigation canals in the Kailali and Bardiya districts of Nepal. An irrigation canal could be used by several villages and its water and diversion works need to be managed fairly. For this purpose, the Badghars of different villages elect a person for the position of Chaudhary to manage a canal system, when needed, the Chaudhary orders the Badghars to send people to repair or build the canals
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Awadhi cuisine
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Awadhi cuisine is a cuisine native to the city of Lucknow, which is the capital of the state of Uttar Pradesh in Northern India. It is very related to Bhojpuri cuisine of it neighboring region. The cooking patterns of Lucknow are similar to those of Central Asia, the Middle East, the Awadh region has been greatly influenced by Mughal cooking techniques, and the cuisine of Lucknow bears similarities to those of Central Asia, Kashmir, Punjab and Hyderabad. The city is known for its Nawabi foods. The bawarchis and rakabdars of Awadh invented the dum style of cooking or the art of cooking over a slow fire and their spreads consisted of elaborate dishes such as kebabs, kormas, biryanis, kaliyas, nahari-kulchas, zarda, sheermal, roomali rotis, and warqi parathas. The richness of Awadh cuisine lies not only in the variety of cuisine but also in the ingredients used like mutton, paneer, and rich spices, Kebabs are the integral part of Awadhi. Lucknow is proud of its Kebabs, the kebabs of Awadhi cuisine are distinct from the kebabs of Punjab insofar as Awadhi kebabs are grilled on a chula and sometimes in a skillet as opposed to grilled in a tandoor in Punjab. Awadhi kebabs are also called chula kebabs whereas the kebabs of Punjab are called tandoori kebabs, the Seekh Kebab has long been considered a piece de resistance in the Awadhi dastarkhwan. Introduced by the Mughals it was prepared from beef mince on skewers. Now lamb mince is preferred for its soft texture, the 100-year-old Tunde ke Kabab in Chowk is the most famous outlet for Kababs even today. Tunde kabab is so named because it was the speciality of a one-armed chef, the tunde kabab claims to be unique because of the zealously guarded family secret recipe for the masala, prepared by women in the family. It is said to incorporate 160 spices, kakori kabab is considered blessed since it was originally made in the place by the same name in the dargah of Hazrat Shah Abi Ahder Sahib with divine blessings. The meat used is from the tendon of the leg of mutton, combined with khoya, shami Kebab is made from mince meat, usually with chopped onion, coriander, and green chillies added. The kebabs are round patties filled with spicy mix and tangy raw green mango, the best time to have them is May, when mangoes are young. When mangoes are not in season, kamrakh or karonda may be substituted for kairi, a variant made without any admixture or binding agents and comprising just the minced meat and the spices is the Galawat kabab. An unusual offering is the Pasanda Kebab, piccata of lamb marinated, boti kebab is lamb marinated in yoghurt and cooked on skewers in a tandoor oven. Vegetarian kebabs include Dalcha Kebab, Kathal ke Kebab, Arbi ke Kebab, Rajma Galoti Kebab, Zamikand ke Kebab and it originated in the lavish Moghul cuisine wherein lamb or chicken was braised in velvety, spiced sauces, enriched with ground nuts, cream and butter. While kormas are rich, they are mild, containing little or no cayenne or chillies
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Maghi
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Maghi is the annual festival and one of the seasonal gathering of the Sikhs. Sikhs make a pilgrimage to the site of this Sikh-Muslim war, the day is also called the Makar Sankranti in other parts of Indian subcontinent by the Hindus, and is always on the first day of the month of Magha in Bikrami calendar. It follows the festival of Lohri in north India, particularly popular in the Punjab region, a fair is held at Muktsar Sahib every year and called the Mela Maghi is held in memory of the forty Sikh martyrs. Before this tradition started to commemorate the Sikh martyrs who gave their lives to protect the tenth Guru, the festival was observed and mentioned by Guru Amar Das, Makar Sankranti Sankranti Winter Solstice Lohri Maghe Sankranti
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International Standard Book Number
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The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an e-book, a paperback and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, the method of assigning an ISBN is nation-based and varies from country to country, often depending on how large the publishing industry is within a country. The initial ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering created in 1966, the 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108. Occasionally, a book may appear without a printed ISBN if it is printed privately or the author does not follow the usual ISBN procedure, however, this can be rectified later. Another identifier, the International Standard Serial Number, identifies periodical publications such as magazines, the ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 in the United Kingdom by David Whitaker and in 1968 in the US by Emery Koltay. The 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108, the United Kingdom continued to use the 9-digit SBN code until 1974. The ISO on-line facility only refers back to 1978, an SBN may be converted to an ISBN by prefixing the digit 0. For example, the edition of Mr. J. G. Reeder Returns, published by Hodder in 1965, has SBN340013818 -340 indicating the publisher,01381 their serial number. This can be converted to ISBN 0-340-01381-8, the check digit does not need to be re-calculated, since 1 January 2007, ISBNs have contained 13 digits, a format that is compatible with Bookland European Article Number EAN-13s. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an ebook, a paperback, and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, a 13-digit ISBN can be separated into its parts, and when this is done it is customary to separate the parts with hyphens or spaces. Separating the parts of a 10-digit ISBN is also done with either hyphens or spaces, figuring out how to correctly separate a given ISBN number is complicated, because most of the parts do not use a fixed number of digits. ISBN issuance is country-specific, in that ISBNs are issued by the ISBN registration agency that is responsible for country or territory regardless of the publication language. Some ISBN registration agencies are based in national libraries or within ministries of culture, in other cases, the ISBN registration service is provided by organisations such as bibliographic data providers that are not government funded. In Canada, ISBNs are issued at no cost with the purpose of encouraging Canadian culture. In the United Kingdom, United States, and some countries, where the service is provided by non-government-funded organisations. Australia, ISBNs are issued by the library services agency Thorpe-Bowker
21.
Bhojpur District, Nepal
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Bhojpur District is in Province No.1 in eastern Nepal. The districts area is 1,507 km² with a population of 182,459, classified as a Hill District, Bhojpur actually spans five of Nepals eight climate zones. 3% of the area is below 300 meters elevation in the Lower Tropical zone. 50% of the area belongs to the Subtropical Zone between 1,000 and 2,000 meters and 15% is Temperate. 2% rises higher into the Subalpine Zone, traditionally, the inhabitants of this area have been the indigenous Rai ethnic group, the Newar ethnic group being the main people in the Bhojpur town. Bhojpur forms part of Majh Kirat/Kirant and it is one of the richest districts in Nepal in biodiversity. In the northern part of this lies the beautiful small city of Dingla. Various hill castes, Brahmin, Kshetriya, and ethnic groups like Rai reside within this beautiful area and this is the place where rudraksha trees grow naturally in the forest as well as individually on peoples land. The religious leader, womens rights activist and poet Yogmaya Neupane was born in 1860 in Dingla, champe is the other small town where people from surrounding villages come and sell their products. This happens every 15 days and is called Hatiya, Balankha is one of the growing towns in the southwest area of Bhojpur. Another town Ghoretar, southeast of Bhojpur, has been a point of trade. It is famous as Hatuwa Gadi a powerful fort of Kirat king Sunahang in Kirat history, Balankha borders with neighboring Khotang districts Bopung village. Balankha is slowly emerging as another hub of education, communication, health, the most distinctive thing about Balankha is its famous Chhongkha Sakela celebration. It is the Kirat Rai festival when Rais go to Sakewa Than at Dammarkhu village of Khotang, pray for good harvest, then they flock back to the open space of Chandi bazar to dance and celebrate with great joy. The district was affected by an earthquake on 25 April 2015
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Dhankuta District
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Dhankuta District, a part of Province No. 1, is one of the districts of Nepal, the district covers an area of 891 Km² and has a population of 163,412. Dhankuta is the headquarters and a major administrative region in the Eastern region. The altitude ranges from around 300m to 2500m, the majority of the population are involved in agriculture and crops include maize, rice and millet. Important cash crops include fruits, cauliflower, cabbage, ginger. A well-preserved forest spreads along a line on the northwest side of the village, with well-developed mature stands of rhododendron. Pakhribas Vedatar Namaste Falls Zones of Nepal District Development Committee, Dhankuta Districts of Nepal
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Ilam District
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Ilam district is a Hill district of Province No.1 in eastern Nepal. The 2011 census counted 290,254 population, Ilam is the district headquarters, about 600 km from Kathmandu. Illam attracts many researchers who come to study rare birds and the Red Panda, Ilam stretches from the Terai belt to the upper hilly belt of this Himalayan nation. The name Ilam is derived from the Limbu language in which Ii means twisted, Illam was one of the ten self ruling states of Limbuwan before the reunification of Nepal. Its ruler King Hangshu Phuba Lingdom of Lingdom dynasty ruled Illam as a state of Limbuwan until 1813 AD. The treaty between the other Limbuwan states and the King of Gorkha and the conflict of Gorkha and Sikkim led to the unification of Illam with Gorkha, Illam was the last of the ten kingdoms of Limbuwan to be reunified into Nepal. The King of Gorkha gave the ruler of Illam full autonomy to rule, Illam was an independent Limbu kingdom until 1813 CE/1869 BS. Ilam is today one of the most developed places in Nepal and its ILAM TEA is very famous and is exported to many parts of Europe. The main source of income in this district is tea, cardamom, milk, ginger, potato, orlon and this place also has a religious importance. The devi temples have a great importance attached to them and many people come here just for pilgrimage, the major attraction of Ilam is the 9-cornered Mai Pokhari lake. Also known as the abode of the lots of tourists as well as Nepalese people come to visit this place. Similarly, Gajurmukhi is also the spot for pilgrimages from Nepal. Mai river and its four tributaries also emerge in Ilam district, the famous Mane Bhanjyang connects Ilam with Darjeeling district of West Bengal, India. Ilam was much in the news in the past during the Maoist insurgency, tourists going to Ilam can expect to pay around 1000 rupees a week for accommodation and food. Zones of Nepal danabari Districts of Nepal
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Jhapa District
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Jhapa is a Terai district in Mechi zone of south-eastern Nepal. Under the new division, the district lies in Province No.1. The latest official data,2011 Nepal Census, puts the population of the district at 812,650. An inhabitant of Jhapa is known as a Jhapali, the district headquarters is [[Bhadrapur, Mechi|Bhadrapu Jhapa is the easternmost district of Nepal and lies in the fertile Terai plains. It is bound by Ilam in the north, Morang in the west, geographically, it covers an area of 1,606 km2. Jhapa observes moderate climate complexion as it lies in the Indo-Gangetic plain, though due to close proximity to the lower Himalaya, the weather is calm throughout the year. Seasonal monsoon is well distributed across the district, the temperature is highest during May through September, though winter is not extreme, keeping aside fogging during mornings. Climatic variation is not extreme, however, the parts of districts are warmer than the northern ones. The district is divided into 37 Village Development Committees and 8 municipalities which are as follows, many scattered villages used to be in the less dense forest area. Nepali speaking people have living in Jhapa for centuries. In the 1960s and early 70s, the landscape of Jhapa began to change as people from the hills came there to own, the eradication of malaria changed the district into an attractive and fertile place. Jhapa is home to indigenous ethnic nationalities such as the Limbu, rajbanshi, Gangai. Other ethnic groups such as Dhangad, Santhal, Tamang, Uraon, Magar, Gurung, Sunuwar/सुऩुवाऱ/मुखीय, and many came to Jhapa in the late 19th century, as did the Brahmins, Chhettri. Many Nepali language speaking Indian immigrants from Assam, have settled in Jhapa. Many Maithil people and Madhesis migrated from Mithila region of Nepal in mid-eastern Nepal and also much Indian Madhesis from Indian states of U. P and Bihar for trade, Jhapa is diverse and rich in culture and traditions due to the influences of its tribes. All the tribes/ethnic groups have their own languages, customs, and they celebrate their festivals every year. Jhapa receives 250 to 300 cm of rainfall a year, mostly during the monsoon season. Its hilly northern area receives more rainfall than the south and its major rivers, like the Mechi, Kankai Mai, Ratuwa, Biring, Deuniya, Hadiya, Ninda, Krishne Khola, Gauriya, Ramchandre, Kamal etc. provide water for irrigation
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Khotang District
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Khotang District, a part of Province No. 1, is one of the districts of Nepal, a landlocked country of South Asia. The district, with Diktel as its headquarters, covers an area of 1,591 km² and has a population of 206,312. Khotang is part of the area traditionally called Majh Kirat, home to indigenous ethnic Kirat Rai people, apart from Rais, other ethnic groups and hill castes live in Khotang
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Morang District
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Morang District, a part of Province No. 1, is one of the districts of Nepal. It is popular for the districts having huge numbers of Industries and factories as well as the richness in the political sectors of Nation. The district, with Biratnagar as its headquarters, covers an area of 1,855 km2 and has a population of 965,370. The district has a diversity of cultures and religions, Morang district along with Sunsari district and parts of Jhapa district were once under the old Morang Kingdom of Limbuwan, established by Limbu King Mawrong Hang. Later descendents of Kirat family converted into Hinduism and the names of Haang of Limbuwan were Hinduised, one of the most famous King of Morang, Maharaj Sri Sri Bijay Narayan Raya Ing, a Hinduised Kirati King named the capital of Morang Kingdom as Bijaypur and ruled from there. Morang lies in the southern Terai, or plains, of Eastern Nepal, most of the land is taken up by rice and jute cultivation, though areas of sal forest remain along the northern part of the district where the plains meet the hills. Most of the district is rural, though it is home to Biratnagar. It is the capital of Nepal. Morang has the highest numbers of industries and factories, multinational brands too, other emerging towns include Urlabari, Biratchowk, Belbari, Pathari and Rangeli. It also boasts the largest industrial area in the whole country, Biratnagar Jute Mills, Arihant and Dhanawat Matches are among the nations oldest industries. Morang district is home to the historic Morang Campus, Sukuna Multiple Campus, Urlabari Multiple Campus, Pathari Multiple Campus, Sukuna Multiple Campus is one of the biggest in the Eastern Development Region and reputed colleges with around 5000 students situatd at Koshiharaincha of Morang district. It has affiliated private in all the parts of Nepal, janasewa Higher Secondary School situated at Bayarban VDC is one of the biggest schools of this district. It was established in 2025 B. S, mr Tularam Gurung, former Principal, spent his fertile youth to bring the school in todays situation. There are many popular and old government schools such as Jante higher secondary scchool, Jante, Radhika Ma Vi, Urlabari, Adarsha higher secondary school. The name Morang is derived from the name of the Limbu King Mawrong Mung Hang and his capital and fort was at Rongli, present day Rangeli. The Ing Dynasty, the Sen dynasty and then the Khebang dynasty ruled Morang until 1774 CE, the Morang name fell from use after the annexation of all the Kingdoms of Limbuwan, including Morang, by King Prithivi Narayan Shah of Gorkha. The last King of Morang was Budhhi Karna Raya Khewang, who ruled from Bijaypur near Dharan, the name Morang came into use again after the shah kings divided the country into administrative districts and Morang was named after the old Morang Kingdom. A large amount of the forest was cleared in the last century, the Morang plains are one of the most culturally diverse regions in Nepal
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Okhaldhunga District
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Okhaldhunga District, a part of Province No. 1, is one of the districts of Nepal, a landlocked country of South Asia. The district, with Okhaldhunga as its headquarters, covers an area of 1,074.5 km² and had a population of 156,702 in 2001 and 147,984 in 2011. Okhaldhunga is part of area traditionally called Wallo Kirat, home to ethnic groups Rai. Apart from these ethnic groups, other ethnics and hill castes live in the district
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Panchthar District
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Panchthar district is a Hill district of Province No.1 in eastern Nepal. The 2011 census counted 191,817 population, panchthars majority population is that of Limbu, kiratis and other ethnic groups and hill castes
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Sankhuwasabha District
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Sankhuwasabha District is in Province No.1 in eastern Nepal. The districts area is 3,480 km² with a population of 159,203 in 2001 and 158,742 in 2011, newly registered municipalities in this district are Chainpur and Madi. Bordering districts are Bhojpur, Terhathum and Dhankuta in Koshi Zone, Solukhumbu in Sagarmatha Zone, tingri County of Shigatse Prefecture in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China borders to the north. Indigenous janajati ethnics are Limbu, Yakkha, Lohorung, Bahing, Kulung, Rai, Gurung, the district is also known for cardamom farming. This wine has a market in the eastern cities of Biratnagar and Dharan. Arun Valley Tumlingtar Airport Districts of Nepal
30.
Solukhumbu District
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Solukhumbu District, a part of the Province No. 1, is one of the districts of Nepal, a landlocked country of South Asia. As the name suggests, it consists of the subregions Solu, the district, with Salleri as its headquarters, covers an area of 3,312 km² and had a population 107,686 in 2001 and 105,886 in 2011. Mount Everest is in the part of this district, within Sagarmatha National Park. Indigenous ethnic Kulung and hill Caste Chhetri are the groups living in the mid-hills. There is a hiking trail known as the Solukhumbu Trail. Solukhumbu District is a name in mountain tourism. The main attraction is Mount Everest, UNESCO has listed the Sagarmatha National Park as a World Heritage site. Sherpa culture and Tengboche Monastery are unique to this district, the Khumjung village is famous for Sherpa culture. Gokyo valley and Khumbu valley are the major Himalayan valleys famous among the adventure and nature seekers and this district is well known for adventure holidays
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Sunsari District
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Sunsari District, a part of Province No.1 in Terai plain, is one of the seventy-five districts of Nepal in Terai plain of Southern Nepal. The district, with Inaruwa as its headquarters, covers an area of 1,257 km². The area was part of Morang District but became its own district in 1962 when Nepal was divided into 14 zones and 75 districts. Major cities in Sunsari district are Inaruwa, Itahari, Jhumka and Dharan, Duhabi, some religious places of this district are Budha Subba Temple, Ramdhuni, Chataradham, Baraha Kshetra, Bishnupaduka, Dantakali, and Pindeshori. Sunsari lies in the Outer Terai-Madhesh plain of Nepal, zones of Nepal Official Web Portal of Sunsari District
32.
Taplejung District
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Taplejung District (Nepali, ताप्लेजुङ जिल्ला Listen is the Mountain district of Province No.1 in eastern Nepal. The 2011 census counted 127,461 population, Taplejung is the district headquarters The name Taplejung is derived from the name Taple and the word jung. Taple was the medieval Limbu king who used to rule the area, literally, Taplejung means Fort of King Taple. The Tamur River flows through the district, the area is famous for Kanchenjunga – the third highest mountain in the world. The district is one of the most beautiful areas in eastern Nepal with spectacular landscapes, Himalayan peaks, alpine grassland, rocky outcrops, dense temperate and subtropical forests and river valleys make up the region. One of the attractions is the Pathibhara Devi or Mukkumlung Temple. This little-known region attracts tourists seeking spiritual fulfillment and blessings from the powerful Pathibhara Devi, Hindus and Buddhists visit the temple for celebrations during special occasions. The trek to Pathibhara Devi combined with the natural and cultural experiences of the make the visit a unique exhilarating experience. It takes a day to reach the temple on foot from Taplejung Bazaar, on the way to the temple one can find many species of rhododendron. The shrine of the Pathibhara Devi temple is on a mountain at 3794 meters in the east of Nepal, the temple is mostly visited by Hindus on first week of April and September. These days are celebrated as Dashain, the day Devi killed a demon named Maisasur. The temple is holy for Hindus and Buddhists, the goddess Pathibhara is said to make dreams come true. The myth is that suddenly lost a lot of sheep in this area. She promised that the sheep would return if they would offer a few to her, Pathibhara lies in the junction of three VDCs, Tapethok, Limkhim and PhawaKhola VDCs 19 km distance from Taplejung Bazaar. The journey to Pathibhara starts from Suketar Airport which is about 1.5 hours walk from Phungling Bazaar, Pathibhara Devi is about 5–6-hour walk from Suketar. Suketar is only STOL airstrip in Taplejung district and is connected to Kathmandu, from Suketar the Pathivara trial passes through Deurali, Ramitedanda, Chhatedhunga, Bhalugaunda, Phedi and finally reaches Pathibhara Devi temple. The trial offers food and lodging facilities, basic accommodation facilities are also available for pilgrims near the shrine. The best time to visit is from March to June and September to November, to reach the Pathibara temple you have to walk for around 10 hours from Suketar
33.
Tehrathum District
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Terhathum District, a part of Province No. 1, is one of the districts of Nepal. The district, with Myanglung as its headquarters, covers an area of 679 km² and has a population of 113,111. The word Tehrathum is constructed from thirteen and thum and this can be spelled as Terathum, Tehrathum or Terhathum. The town supposedly is the site of one of a series of guard posts once protecting the territory of the Limbus, therathum is a word also used to mention Myanglung Bazar which has the district headquarters of Tehrathum. Myanglung is onomatopoeic for the sound of a cat meowing and refers to an old tradition of a temple in the town which had a resident cat. Myang means the cat voice and lung means stone. The stone still exists in Myanglung Bazaar at its gateway and is worshipped by the people entering bazaar, usually, the climate of Terathum district is moderate. Tehrathum comprises total 32 village development committees or local administrative divisions, Terhathum - तेह्रथुम Tehrathum website under construction
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Udayapur District
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Udayapur District (Nepali, उदयपुर जिल्ला Listen, a part of Province No. 1, is one of the districts of Nepal, a landlocked country of South Asia. The district, with Triyuga as its headquarters, covers an area of 2,063 km² and in 2001 had a population of 287,689. Udayapur. Info, Information about Udayapur District, Nepal
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Province No. 2
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Mithila is a proposed state of Nepal located in Madhesh belt or eastern Terai plains. It is the Maithili-speaking area of Nepal including 13 district of Nepal bordering from current Parsa to Jhapa District of Nepal. The people here share cultural and marriage ties with Mithila, India, the region is surrounded by, The foot of the Himalaya Mountains to the North. The international border with India to the South, the East Champaran of India to the West. The Kishanganj district and Darjeeling district of India to the east, the region contains a total of 948 VDCs, including 14 municipalities. The province covers about 14,058.7 km2. of Nepals total area of 147,181 km2, with an estimated 6.65 million inhabitants, it is by far the most populous of the new proposed provinces. Janakpurdham lies 25 kilometres south of the East-West Highway, at its eastern end this road joins an Tribhuvan Highway that connects it to Kathmandu, the capital city of the country and Pokhara. At its western end it enters the Lumbini state of the country which links to Nepalgunj and Birgunj. The Mahendra Highway is the longest in the country, at 1,000 kilometres, a few other railway projects are under progress in the Mithila region of Nepal. All these projects are of Nepal Railways, Simara Airport in Pipara Simara close to Birganj. Nijgadh International Airport in Bara district, the following are notable residents of Mithila. Dr. Ram Baran Yadav, was born in Dhanusa District of Mithila region in Nepal and he is the current President of Nepal. He was elected in July 2008 and is the countrys first President and he previously served as Minister of Health and as General Secretary of the Nepali Congress party. Parmanand Jha was born in the Darbhanga District of Mithila region of India and he is the current Vice President of Nepal and a former Supreme Court judge. Madhav Kumar Nepal, was born in the Saptari District of Mithila region of Nepal and he is a Nepali politician who was Prime Minister of Nepal from 25 May 2009 until 6 February 2011. Nepal announced his resignation as Prime Minister on 30 June 2010 and he was previously the General Secretary of Communist Party of Nepal for 15 years
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Bara District
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Bara District lies in Province No.2. It is one of the districts of Nepal. The district, with Kalaiya as its headquarters, covers an area of 1,190 km² and has a population of 687,708. Bakaiya, Jamuniya, Pasaha, Dudhaura and Bangari are the rivers of Bara. The main languages spoken in Bara are Bhojpuri, Bajjika, Maithili and Nepali, Nepal Loktantrik Primary School is one of the schools in the district. Simraungadh is major part of Bara district and it is historical place in Nepal. Simraungarh is famous for agriculture product in Nepal, the people grow wheat, corn, green vegetables. Bara district is famous for the Gadhimai Temple, particularly as every five years it celebrates the Gadhimai Mela and this festival has historically been celebrated every 5 years by sacrificing animals. In the future animal sacrifice will no longer occur, as temple authorities have decided to convert the festival into a celebration of life
Listen (help·info)), often Kapilbastu, is one of the districts of Province No. 5, Nepal. The district, with Kapilbastu municipality as its district headquarters, covers an area of 1,738 square kilometres (671 sq mi) and in 2001 had a population of 481,976, which increased to 571,936 in 2011. Kapilvastu district has 3 number of seats for central whereas 6 seats for state level elections.
Kapilvastu travel guide from Wikivoyage
