1.
Kansas City, Missouri
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Kansas City is the largest city in Missouri and the sixth largest city in the Midwest. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the city had an population of 475,378 in 2015. It is the city of the Kansas City metropolitan area. Kansas City was founded in the 1830s as a Missouri River port at its confluence with the Kansas River coming in from the west, on June 1,1850 the town of Kansas was incorporated, shortly after came the establishment of the Kansas Territory. Confusion between the two ensued and the name Kansas City was assigned to them soon thereafter. Most of the city lies within Jackson County, but portions spill into Clay, Cass, along with Independence, it serves as one of the two county seats for Jackson County. Major suburbs include the Missouri cities of Independence and Lees Summit and the Kansas cities of Overland Park, Olathe, and Kansas City. The city is composed of neighborhoods, including the River Market District in the north, the 18th and Vine District in the east. Kansas City is also known for its cuisine, its craft breweries, Kansas City, Missouri was officially incorporated as a town on June 1,1850, and as a city on March 28,1853. The territory straddling the border between Missouri and Kansas at the confluence of the Kansas and Missouri rivers was considered a place to build settlements. The Antioch Christian Church, Dr. James Compton House, the first documented European visitor to Kansas City was Étienne de Veniard, Sieur de Bourgmont, who was also the first European to explore the lower Missouri River. Criticized for his response to the Native American attack on Fort Détroit, Bourgmont lived with a Native American wife in a village about 90 miles east near Brunswick, Missouri, where he illegally traded furs. In the documents, he describes the junction of the Grande Riv des Cansez and Missouri River, French cartographer Guillaume Delisle used the descriptions to make the areas first reasonably accurate map. The Spanish took over the region in the Treaty of Paris in 1763, the French continued their fur trade under Spanish license. After the 1804 Louisiana Purchase, Lewis and Clark visited the confluence of the Kansas and Missouri rivers, in 1831, a group of Mormons from New York settled in what would become the city. They built the first school within Kansas Citys current boundaries, but were forced out by mob violence in 1833, in 1833 John McCoy established West Port along the Santa Fe Trail,3 miles away from the river. In 1834 McCoy established Westport Landing on a bend in the Missouri to serve as a point for West Port. Soon after, the Kansas Town Company, a group of investors, began to settle the area, in 1850, the landing area was incorporated as the Town of Kansas
2.
Arizona State University
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Arizona State University is a public metropolitan research university on five campuses across the Phoenix, Arizona, metropolitan area, and four regional learning centers throughout Arizona. The 2016 university ratings by U. S. News & World Report rank ASU No.1 among the Most Innovative Schools in America for the year in a row. ASU is the largest public university by enrollment in the U. S and it had approximately 82,060 students enrolled in 2014, including 66,309 undergraduate and 15,751 graduate students. ASUs charter, approved by the board of regents in 2014, is based on the New American University model created by ASU President Crow, ASU is classified as a research university with very high research activity by the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education. The Center for Measuring University Performance ranks ASU 31st among top U. S. public research universities, ASU was classified as a Research I institute in 1994, making it one of the nations newest major research universities. Students compete in 25 varsity sports, the Arizona State Sun Devils are members of the Pac-12 Conference and have won 23 NCAA championships. Along with multiple clubs and recreational facilities, ASU is home to more than 1,100 registered student organizations. To keep pace with the student populations growth, the university continuously renovates, the demand for new academic halls, athletic facilities, student recreation centers, and residential halls is being addressed with donor contributions and public-private investments. The campus consisted of a single, four-room schoolhouse on a 20-acre plot largely donated by Tempe residents George, classes began with 33 students on February 8,1886. The school accepted high school students and graduates, and awarded high school diplomas, in 1923 the school stopped offering high school courses and added a high school diploma to the admissions requirements. In 1925 the school became the Tempe State Teachers College and offered four-year Bachelor of Education degrees as well as two-year teaching certificates, in 1929, the legislature authorized Bachelor of Arts in Education degrees as well, and the school was renamed the Arizona State Teachers College. Under the 30-year tenure of president Arthur John Matthews the school was given all-college student status, the first dormitories built in the state were constructed under his supervision. Of the 18 buildings constructed while Matthews was president, six are still in use, Matthews envisioned an evergreen campus, with many shrubs brought to the campus, and implemented the planting of Palm Walk, now a landmark of the Tempe campus. His legacy is being continued to this day with the campus having been declared a nationally recognized arboretum. During the Great Depression, Ralph W. Swetman was hired as president for a three-year term, although enrollment increased by almost 100 percent during his tenure due to the depression, many faculty were terminated and faculty salaries were cut. In 1933, Grady Gammage, then president of Arizona State Teachers College at Flagstaff, became president of ASU, like his predecessor, Gammage oversaw construction of a number of buildings on the Tempe campus. He also oversaw the development of the graduate programs. The schools name was changed to Arizona State College in 1945, at the time, two other names considered were Tempe University and State University at Tempe
3.
Bachelor's degree
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A bachelors degree or baccalaureate is an undergraduate academic degree awarded by colleges and universities upon completion of a course of study lasting three to seven years. In some institutions and educational systems, some bachelors degrees can only be taken as graduate or postgraduate degrees after a first degree has been completed. The term bachelor in the 12th century referred to a knight bachelor, by the end of the 13th century, it was also used by junior members of guilds or universities. By folk etymology or wordplay, the word came to be associated with bacca lauri in reference to laurels being awarded for academic success or honours. An honours degree generally requires an academic standard than a pass degree. In most African countries, the university systems follow the model of their former colonizing power, for example, the Nigerian university system is similar to the British system, while the Ivorian system is akin to the French. The degree is typically identical to the program of Frances universities, bachelors degree programs cover most of the fields in Algerian universities, except some fields, such as Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science. Bachelors degrees at the University of Botswana normally take four years, the system draws on both British and American models. Degrees are classified as First Class, Second Class Division One, Second Class Division Two and Third as in English degrees, but without being described as honours. The main degrees are named by British tradition, but in recent years there have been a numbers of degrees named after specific subjects, such as Bachelor of Library, in Morocco, a bachelors degree is referred to as al-ʾijāzah. The course of study takes three years, which are divided into two cycles. The first cycle comprises the first, or propaedeutic, year, after successfully completing their first two years, students can pursue either theoretical specialization or professional specialization. The second cycle is one long, after whose completion students receive the licence détudes fondamentales or the licence professionnelle. This academic degree system was introduced in September 2003, University admission is extremely competitive, with attendant advantages and disadvantages. Nonetheless, it takes four to five years to complete a bachelors degree, in cases of poor performance, the time limit is double the standard amount of time. For example, one may not study for more than 10 years for a five-year course, students are normally asked to leave if they must take longer. B. Arch. and other specialized undergraduate degrees, such as B. Eng, Science undergraduate degrees may require six months or a semester dedicated to SIWES but it is usually mandatory for all engineering degrees. A semester for project work/thesis is required, not excluding course work, the classifications of degrees, first-class, second-class, third-class and a pass
4.
Kate Spade New York
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Kate Spade New York is an American fashion design house founded in January 1993 by Kate Spade and Andy Spade. Jack Spade is the line for men. Kate Spade New York competes with Michael Kors and Coach Inc. Katherine Noel Brosnahan was born on December 4,1962 in Kansas City and she grew up in Kansas City and went to an all-girls Catholic high school. She moved to Arizona, where she attended Arizona State University and it is there that she met her future husband, Andy Spade. Katherine majored in journalism, while Andy majored in architecture, after they completed their education, the couple had moved to New York City by 1986. It was in New York that Katherine worked as an editor for Mademoiselle. To get inspiration, Kate browsed local flea markets and secondhand stores and she also researched the styles, fabrics, and potential production costs of making her own handbags. The team slowly worked their way up the ladder until they were able to create a company that would be noticed by the public. Kate Spade New York was founded in 1993 by Katherine Noel Brosnahan, Kate Spade New York was started when Katherine Brosnahan walked around New York City and all she saw was lifeless purses. “The nothing black bag” was going to be brought down by Kate, originally the business started out with the Sam handbag and was only making color lively bags for consumers. Eventually, Andy withdrew $35,000 from his 401K account to fund the production of Kate’s handbags. Her debut line infused classic shapes, colors and fabrics into a now iconic square bag with a black label sewn to the outside of the bag that said “Kate Spade New York. ”Their main target market at this time was the upper middle class. In 1996, Spades company opened its first shop in New York Citys SoHo, Kate Spade rose in eight months after a journalist at Cleveland Research Co. recommended buying the shares because of the brand’s growth potential. Everywhere people went in New York from about 1997-2000, it would have been impossible to avoid seeing a few women carrying that simple nylon bag. The business was one of the first of its time to go digital, by using iPads, cell phones, the company started from nothing, and after 1998 it started to expand, being worth $70 million. Although she remained active, Kate Spade was sold in 1999 to the Neiman Marcus Group, in 2004, Kate Spade operated only 13 stores in the United States, and did not ship out of the country. The company initially sold handbags, but eventually extended to include stationery, personal organizers, address books, shoes, beauty products, perfume, raincoats, pajamas and it now has a full womens clothing line. The business’ clothing and handbag lines are featured in retail stores all across America
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Rachel Brosnahan
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Rachel Brosnahan is an American actress. She is best known for her roles in the films The Unborn and Beautiful Creatures and for portraying Rachel Posner in the Netflix series House of Cards, Brosnahan was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. From the age of four, she was raised in Highland Park and she graduated from Highland Park High School in 2008 and the Tisch School of the Arts in 2012. She is the niece of handbag designer Kate Spade, Rachel Brosnahan at the Internet Movie Database Rachel Brosnahan on Twitter
6.
David Spade
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David Wayne Spade is an American actor, stand-up comedian, writer and television personality. He rose to fame in the 1990s as a cast member on Saturday Night Live and he also starred and co-starred in the films Tommy Boy, Black Sheep, Joe Dirt, Joe Dirt 2, Beautiful Loser, Grown Ups, and Grown Ups 2, among others. He has also been part of an ensemble cast of two long-running sitcoms, Just Shoot Me. and Rules of Engagement and he also starred as C. J. Barnes in the sitcom 8 Simple Rules. In animation, he voiced Kuzco in the 2000 film The Emperors New Groove and its direct-to-video sequel, Spade is known for a comedic style, in both his stand-up material and acting roles, that relies heavily on sarcasm and self-deprecation. Spade was born in Birmingham, Michigan and he is the son of Judith J. a writer and magazine editor, and Wayne M. Spade, a sales representative. His brothers are Bryan and Andy Spade, Andy Spade is an entrepreneur who, together with his wife Kate Spade, Spade and his family moved to Scottsdale, Arizona, when David was four years old. His parents divorced soon thereafter, and he and his brothers were raised for the most part by their mother, Spade attended Saguaro High School and later Scottsdale Community College, before transferring to Arizona State University, where he earned his bachelors degree in business in 1986. He also was a member of the Sigma Alpha Epsilon fraternity, Spade performed standup at the universitys long-running sketch comedy show, Farce Side Comedy Hour, on numerous occasions. In the mid-80s he also did stand up in the Monday night comedy show at Greasy Tonys Pizza in Tempe, with the help of friend and fellow comedian Dennis Miller, he joined Saturday Night Live in 1988. By 1990, Spade was a regular cast member as well as writer, other characters include Christy Henderson from the Gap Girls, and Karl from the Karls Video sketches. He also did impressions of celebrities, including Brad Pitt. According to interviews with Spade, most of the material that he early in his time at SNL was given to Dana Carvey to perform on the show. Due to his relatively low rate, he was in danger of being fired as a performer. Referring to Murphys lack of box office success at the time, the crack led to audience boos, and made Murphy upset at both Spade and SNL for years afterwards. Though most of the cast left in 1995, Spade stayed the following year to help in the transition with the new cast and he then quit in 1996 citing burnout as the reason. Said Spade, When I leave, it will be to ease the pressure and you cant stay there forever – it kills you inside. It ages you in dog years and he returned to host an episode in 1998 and another in 2005. He appeared with fellow Saturday Night Live cast member and friend Chris Farley in two comedy films, Tommy Boy and Black Sheep
7.
St. Teresa's Academy (Kansas City, Missouri)
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St. Teresas Academy is a Catholic, independent secondary school for girls in Kansas City, Missouri, United States. It was founded in 1866 by the Sisters of St. Joseph of Carondelet, St. Teresas Academy was founded in 1866 at 12th and Washington in Kansas Citys Quality Hill area and is sponsored by the Sisters of St. Joseph of Carondelet. It is the oldest school in Kansas City, in 1909 the Sisters relocated St. Teresas to a 20-acre site at 5600 Main. On the cornerstone of the first campus building the Sisters inscribed the words of St. Teresa of Avila and they named the campus Windmoor because of the constant wind blowing across the open prairie. In 1941 the Sisters added a building, Donnelly Hall. In 1962 the college moved to the part of Kansas City and became Avila College. In 1982 a gymnasium, the Goppert Center, was completed for the womens athletic program. A fourth building, the Windmoor Center, was completed after 300 days of construction on February 2,2012, the schools curriculum includes Advanced Placement classes and Advanced College Credit classes in conjunction with Rockhurst University. St. Teresas Academys student newspaper, the Dart. has received numerous awards, the Teresian also won awards including the All-American Award with 5 Marks of Distinction and the Gold Crown. The Academy fields athletic teams in basketball, soccer, volleyball, cross country, golf, track, softball, swimming, tennis, dance and lacrosse. The school recently built a new track and field facility on campus that is highlighted by an 8-lane Mondo surface track and field that is set up for girls soccer, lacrosse and softball. The Stars compete in the largest class of MSHSAA sports, most recently playing for district championships in soccer, basketball, golf, tennis, cross country, kate Spade, fashion designer Lauren Fowlkes, defender United States U-23 Womens National Soccer Team and Philadelphia Independence School Website
8.
Catholic schools in the United States
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Catholic schools in the United States constitute the largest number of non-public schools in the county. They are accredited by independent and/or state agencies, and teachers are generally certified, Catholic schools are supported primarily through tuition payments and fundraising, and typically enroll students regardless of religious background. By the middle of the 19th century, the Catholics in larger cities started building their own school system. The main impetus was fear that indoctrination by Protestant teachers in the schools would lead to a loss of faith. Protestants reacted by strong opposition to any public funding of parochial schools, the Catholics nevertheless built their elementary schools, parish by parish, using very low paid and sisters without college educations as teachers. This was not unlike the public system, where college-educated teachers became the norm only in the 20th century. In the United States, the parochial school is commonly used to refer to Catholic schools. Most elementary schools are owned by a parish, while high schools are often owned by a group of parishes. In the West, a mixture of schools operated by dioceses and religious institutes is common, except in the case of independent schools, local priests are invariably members of the school board, and often at secondary schools are found among the teaching staff as well. In some dioceses the bishop holds the title of superintendent, while others have delegated responsibility to the head of the Office of Catholic Schools. In terms of practicality, it is often the local priests who fulfill this function, most Catholic elementary schools tend to be smaller than their public counterparts, and it is not unusual for such schools to have only one teacher and classroom per grade level. One other major difference is that in most parts of the country, public schools provide bus service to their students, Catholic schools in the United States accept students of all religions, ethnic backgrounds, and ability. More competitive Catholic secondary schools tend to have academic requirements and/or an entrance exam. It is an expectation that non-Catholic students take religion classes. Many schools have a policy banning proselytizing in any form, the United States had 7,498 Catholic schools in 2006-07, including 6,288 elementary schools and 1,210 secondary schools. In total there were 2,320,651 students, including 1,682,412 students in the schools and 638,239 in high schools. Enrollment in the nations Catholic schools has dropped to less than half of its peak at five million students 40 years ago. The same share in 2009 is about 15 percent, among Latinos, the fastest-growing church group — soon to comprise a majority of Catholics in the United States — it is three percent
9.
University of Kansas
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The University of Kansas, often referred to as KU or Kansas, is a public research university in the U. S. state of Kansas. The main campus in Lawrence, one of the largest college towns in Kansas, is on Mount Oread, two branch campuses are in the Kansas City metropolitan area, the Edwards Campus in Overland Park, and the universitys medical school and hospital in Kansas City. There are also educational and research sites in Parsons, Topeka, Garden City, Hays, and Leavenworth, the university is one of the 62 members of the Association of American Universities. The university overall employed 2,814 faculty members in fall 2015, on February 20,1863, Kansas Governor Thomas Carney signed into law a bill creating the state university in Lawrence. The law was conditioned upon a gift from Lawrence of a $15,000 endowment fund, if Lawrence failed to meet these conditions, Emporia instead of Lawrence would get the university. The site selected for the university was a known as Mount Oread. Robinson and his wife Sara bestowed the 40-acre site to the State of Kansas in exchange for land elsewhere, the philanthropist Amos Adams Lawrence donated $10,000 of the necessary endowment fund, and the citizens of Lawrence raised the remaining cash by issuing notes backed by Governor Carney. On November 2,1863, Governor Carney announced that Lawrence had met the conditions to get the university. The schools Board of Regents held its first meeting in March 1865, work on the first college building began later that year. The university opened for classes on September 12,1866, during World War II, Kansas was one of 131 colleges and universities nationally that took part in the V-12 Navy College Training Program which offered students a path to a Navy commission. KU is home to the Robert J. Dole Institute of Politics, the Beach Center on Disability, Lied Center of Kansas and radio stations KJHK,90.7 FM, and KANU,91.5 FM. The university is host to several including the University of Kansas Natural History Museum. The University of Kansas is a large, state-sponsored university, with five campuses, the university offers more than 345 degree programs. In its 2017 list, U. S. News & World Report ranked KU as tied for 118th place among National Universities and 56th place among public universities. The city management and urban policy program was ranked first in the nation, uSN&WR also ranked several programs in the top 25 among U. S. universities. The Bachelor of Architecture degree was added in 1920, in 1969, the School of Architecture and Urban Design was formed with three programs, architecture, architectural engineering, and urban planning. In 2001 architectural engineering merged with civil and environmental engineering, the design programs from the discontinued School of Fine Arts were merged into the school in 2009 forming the current School of Architecture, Design, and Planning. S in 2012. The University of Kansas School of Business is a business school on the main campus of the University of Kansas in Lawrence
10.
Kappa Kappa Gamma
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Kappa Kappa Gamma is a collegiate sorority, founded at Monmouth College in Monmouth, Illinois, United States. This makes Kappa Kappa Gamma one of the oldest extant womens Greek-letter societies, Kappa has a total membership of more than 260,000 women, with 140 collegiate chapters in the United States and Canada and 307 alumnae associations worldwide. Kappa Kappa Gamma is a fraternity, because it was founded before the term sorority came into use. Because men were able to create fraternity groups, Kappas founders thought they should be able to do the same, however, since it admits only women, it is referred to as a sorority. Kappa Kappa Gamma is also referred to as KKG and Kappa, Bennett and Boyd began to seek the choicest spirits among the girls, not only for literary work, but also for social development, beginning with their friend Mary Moore Stewart. Stewart, Boyd, and Bennett met around 1869 in the Amateurs des Belles Lettres Hall, soon after, they recruited three additional women, Anna Elizabeth Willits, Martha Louisa Stevenson, and Susan Burley Walker, to join in founding the fraternity. The six founders met at the home of Anna Willits to lay the groundwork for the formation of the first chapter of Kappa Kappa Gamma, later known as the Alpha Chapter. It was there that they chose the golden key as their badge, a formal charter was also drawn up by Minnie Stewarts father, who was an attorney in the state of Illinois. This day is recognized by the fraternity as Founders Day. In 1871, the fraternity expanded by chartering their Beta Chapter at nearby St. Marys Seminary. The next year, the fraternity expanded again to Gamma Chapter at Smithson College, since 1870, Kappa has continued to expand and has chartered 160 chapters,138 of which are active today. The womens fraternity Pi Beta Phi was founded as I. C, sorosis at Monmouth College in 1867. Kappa Kappa Gamma was founded at the college in 1870, sorosis adopted Greek letters and changed its named to Pi Beta Phi. Because both fraternities have their origins at the college within three years of one another, they are often called The Monmouth Duo. On campuses with Pi Beta Phi and Kappa Kappa Gamma chapters, Kappa Kappa Gamma recognizes the following official fraternity symbols, The badge of membership is the golden key. The standard badge is one inch in length and is sometimes jeweled with sapphires, on the front of the key are the Greek letters ΚΚΓ and ΑΩΟ. Often the initials and initiation date of the member to whom the badge belongs are inscribed on the back of the badge, the original keys were larger and were not standardized, many were specially made to the members specifications, sometimes including stones such as opals. They were also worn on members lapels, foreheads or hair, whereas today, the badge is worn strictly as an emblem of membership and only by initiated members
11.
Irish people
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The Irish people are a nation and ethnic group native to the island of Ireland, who share a common Irish ancestry, identity and culture. Ireland has been inhabited for about 9,000 years according to archaeological studies, for most of Irelands recorded history, the Irish have been primarily a Gaelic people. Today, Ireland is made up of the Republic of Ireland, the people of Northern Ireland hold various national identities, including Irish, Northern Irish, British, or some combination thereof. The Irish have their own customs, language, music, dance, sports, cuisine, although Irish was their main language in the past, today the huge majority of Irish people speak English as their first language. Historically, the Irish nation was made up of kin groups or clans, there have been many notable Irish people throughout history. After Irelands conversion to Christianity, Irish missionaries and scholars exerted great influence on Western Europe, the 6th-century Irish monk and missionary Columbanus is regarded as one of the fathers of Europe, followed by saints Cillian and Fergal. The scientist Robert Boyle is considered the father of chemistry, famous Irish writers include Oscar Wilde, W. B. Yeats, George Bernard Shaw, Bram Stoker and James Joyce, notable Irish explorers include Brendan the Navigator, Robert McClure, Ernest Shackleton and Tom Crean. By some accounts, the first European child born in North America had Irish descent on both sides, many presidents of the United States have had some Irish ancestry. The population of Ireland is about 6.3 million, but it is estimated that 50 to 80 million people around the world have Irish forebears, historically, emigration from Ireland has been the result of conflict, famine and economic issues. People of Irish descent are mainly in English-speaking countries, especially the United Kingdom. There are also significant numbers in Argentina, Mexico and New Zealand, the United States has the most people of Irish descent, while in Australia those of Irish descent are a higher percentage of the population than in any other country. Many Icelanders have Irish and Scottish Gaelic forebears, in its summary of their article Who were the Celts. The National Museum Wales notes It is possible that genetic studies of ancient. However, early studies have, so far, tended to produce implausible conclusions from very small numbers of people and using outdated assumptions about linguistics, nineteenth century anthropology studied the physical characteristics of Irish people in minute detail. During the past 10,000 years of inhabitation, Ireland has witnessed some different peoples arrive on its shores, the ancient peoples of Ireland—such as the creators of the Céide Fields and Newgrange—are almost unknown. Neither their languages nor terms they used to describe themselves have survived, as late as the middle centuries of the 1st millennium the inhabitants of Ireland did not appear to have a collective name for themselves. Ireland itself was known by a number of different names, including Banba, Fódla, Ériu by the islanders, Iouerne and Hiverne to the Greeks, other Latin names for people from Ireland in Classic and Mediaeval sources include Attacotti and Gael
12.
Mademoiselle (magazine)
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Mademoiselle was a womens magazine first published in 1935 by Street and Smith and later acquired by Condé Nast Publications. Julia Cameron was a frequent columnist, the art director was Barbara Kruger. In 1952, Sylvia Plaths short story Sunday at the Mintons won first prize and $500 and her experiences during the summer of 1953 as a guest editor at Mademoiselle provided the basis for her novel, The Bell Jar. In the sixties, Mademoiselle magazine was geared “to the smart young woman” and they categorically stated in their editorials that despite their young, maidenly name they were not geared to young teenagers. The majority of their readers may have been in college, in a job, Mademoiselle continued to be a top shelf magazine throughout the eighties and nineties featuring the top models on their covers and in the pages of their editorial sections. In 1993 Elizabeth Crow was appointed editor-in-chief of the magazine, the November 2001 magazine was the final issue. Some of the 93 employees and features moved over to Glamour, desmond Hall and F. Orlin Tremaine F. Orlin Tremaine Betsy Blackwell Edie Locke Amy Levin Cooper Gabe Doppelt Elizabeth Crow Mandi Norwood Mademoiselle Covers
13.
Manhattan
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Manhattan is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and the citys historical birthplace. The borough is coextensive with New York County, founded on November 1,1683, Manhattan is often described as the cultural and financial capital of the world and hosts the United Nations Headquarters. Many multinational media conglomerates are based in the borough and it is historically documented to have been purchased by Dutch colonists from Native Americans in 1626 for 60 guilders which equals US$1062 today. New York County is the United States second-smallest county by land area, on business days, the influx of commuters increases that number to over 3.9 million, or more than 170,000 people per square mile. Manhattan has the third-largest population of New York Citys five boroughs, after Brooklyn and Queens, the City of New York was founded at the southern tip of Manhattan, and the borough houses New York City Hall, the seat of the citys government. The name Manhattan derives from the word Manna-hata, as written in the 1609 logbook of Robert Juet, a 1610 map depicts the name as Manna-hata, twice, on both the west and east sides of the Mauritius River. The word Manhattan has been translated as island of hills from the Lenape language. The United States Postal Service prefers that mail addressed to Manhattan use New York, NY rather than Manhattan, the area that is now Manhattan was long inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans. In 1524, Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano – sailing in service of King Francis I of France – was the first European to visit the area that would become New York City. It was not until the voyage of Henry Hudson, an Englishman who worked for the Dutch East India Company, a permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. In 1625, construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam, the 1625 establishment of Fort Amsterdam at the southern tip of Manhattan Island is recognized as the birth of New York City. In 1846, New York historian John Romeyn Brodhead converted the figure of Fl 60 to US$23, variable-rate myth being a contradiction in terms, the purchase price remains forever frozen at twenty-four dollars, as Edwin G. Burrows and Mike Wallace remarked in their history of New York. Sixty guilders in 1626 was valued at approximately $1,000 in 2006, based on the price of silver, Straight Dope author Cecil Adams calculated an equivalent of $72 in 1992. In 1647, Peter Stuyvesant was appointed as the last Dutch Director General of the colony, New Amsterdam was formally incorporated as a city on February 2,1653. In 1664, the English conquered New Netherland and renamed it New York after the English Duke of York and Albany, the Dutch Republic regained it in August 1673 with a fleet of 21 ships, renaming the city New Orange. Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of battles in the early American Revolutionary War. The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16,1776. The city, greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the campaign, became the British political, British occupation lasted until November 25,1783, when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city
14.
Scottsdale, Arizona
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Scottsdale is a city in the eastern part of Maricopa County, Arizona, adjacent to the Greater Phoenix Area. The New York Times described downtown Scottsdale as a version of Miamis South Beach and as having plenty of late night partying. Its slogan is The Wests Most Western Town, Scottsdale,31 miles long and 11.4 miles wide at its widest point, shares boundaries with many other municipalities and entities. On the west, Scottsdale is bordered by Phoenix, Paradise Valley, carefree is located along the western boundary, as well as sharing Scottsdales northern boundary with the Tonto National Forest. To the south Scottsdale is bordered by Tempe, the area which would include what would become Scottsdale was originally inhabited by the Hohokam, from approximately 300 BC to 1450 AD. This ancient civilization farmed the area and developed a network of canals for irrigation which was unsurpassed in pre-Columbian North America. At its peak, the canals stretched over 250 miles, many of which remains extant today, some having been renovated. Under still-mysterious circumstances, the Hohokam disappeared around 1450 or 1500, the areas later occupants, the Pima and Oodham, are thought to be the direct descendants of the Hohokam people. Before European settlement, Scottsdale was a Pima village known as Vaṣai S-vaṣonĭ, some Pima remained in their original homes well into the 20th century. For example, until the late 1960s, there was a traditional dwelling on the southeast corner of Indian Bend Road. Currently, those Pima who live within Scottsdale reside in homes rather than traditional dwellings. Many Pima and Maricopa people continue to reside on the Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community, in the early to mid 1880s, U. S. Army Chaplain Winfield Scott visited the Salt River Valley and was impressed with the region and its potential for agriculture. Returning in 1888 with his wife, Helen, he purchased 640 acres for $3.50 an acre for a stretch of land where downtown Scottsdale is now located. Many of the original settlers, recruited by Scott from the East and Midwest, were educated and had an appreciation for cultural activities. The towns name was changed to Scottsdale in 1894, after its founder, while not in its original building, Cavallieres has been in continuance operation since that time. Between 1908 and 1933, due to the construction of the Granite Reef and Roosevelt dams, Scottsdales population experienced a boom, Scottsdale became a small market town providing services for families involved in the agricultural industry. Although cotton is grown in southern Arizona, Scottsdales cotton boom ended with the loss of government contracts at the end of the war. In 1920, a resort was opened on 12 acres of the property owned by the artist Jessie Benton Evans
15.
Phoenix, Arizona
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Phoenix is the capital and most populous city of the U. S. state of Arizona. Phoenix is the anchor of the Phoenix metropolitan area, also known as the Valley of the Sun, the metropolitan area is the 12th largest by population in the United States, with approximately 4.3 million people as of 2010. Settled in 1867 as a community near the confluence of the Salt and Gila Rivers. Located in the reaches of the Sonoran Desert, Phoenix has a subtropical desert climate. Despite this, its canal system led to a farming community, many of the original crops remaining important parts of the Phoenix economy for decades, such as alfalfa, cotton, citrus. The city averaged a four percent annual growth rate over a 40-year period from the mid-1960s to the mid-2000s. This growth rate slowed during the Great Recession of 2007–09, and has rebounded slowly, Phoenix is the cultural center of the Valley of the Sun, as well as the entire state. For more than 2,000 years, the Hohokam people occupied the land that would become Phoenix, the Hohokam created roughly 135 miles of irrigation canals, making the desert land arable. Paths of these canals would later used for the modern Arizona Canal, Central Arizona Project Canal. The Hohokam also carried out trade with the nearby Anasazi, Mogollon and Sinagua. It is believed that between 1300 and 1450, periods of drought and severe floods led to the Hohokam civilizations abandonment of the area. After the departure of the Hohokam, groups of Akimel Oodham, Tohono Oodham and Maricopa tribes began to use the area, as well as segments of the Yavapai and Apache. The Oodham were offshoots of the Sobaipuri tribe, who in turn were thought to be the descendants of the formerly urbanized Hohokam and their crops included corn, beans, and squash for food, while cotton and tobacco were also cultivated. Mostly a peaceful group, they did together with the Maricopa for their mutual protection against incursions by both the Yuma and Apache tribes. The Tohono Oodham lived in the region as well, but their concentration was to the south. Living in small settlements, the Oodham were seasonal farmers who took advantage of the rains and they also hunted local game such as deer, rabbit, and javalina for meat. When the Mexican–American War ended in 1848, Mexico ceded its northern zone to the United States, the Phoenix area became part of the New Mexico Territory. In 1863 the mining town of Wickenburg was the first to be established in what is now Maricopa County, at the time Maricopa County had not yet been incorporated, the land was within Yavapai County, which included the major town of Prescott to the north of Wickenburg
16.
Handbag
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A handbag, also purse or pouch in North American English, is a handled medium-to-large bag that is often fashionably designed, often used by women, to hold personal items. The term purse originally referred to a bag for holding coins. In British English, it is used to refer to a small coin bag. A handbag is an accessory that holds objects beyond currency. American English typically uses the terms purse and handbag interchangeably, the term handbag began appearing in the early 1900s. Initially, it was most often used to refer to mens hand-luggage, womens bags grew larger and more complex during this period, and the term was attached to the accessory. Handbags are valued for their stylishness as visual accessories as well as for their function, the verb to handbag derives from UK prime minister Margaret Thatchers habit of pulling scraps of paper out of her handbag in meetings and reading aloud the comments she had written on them. The verbs more general meaning of treating ruthlessly came to symbolise Thatchers whole style of government, julian Critchley, one of her biggest Tory backbench critics, once said, Margaret Thatcher and her handbag is the same as Winston Churchill and his cigar. Early modern Europeans wore purses for one purpose, to carry coins. Purses were made of fabric or leather and were worn by men as often as ladies. In the 17th century, young girls were taught embroidery as a skill for marriage. By the late 18th century, fashions in Europe were moving towards a slender shape for these accessories, inspired by the silhouettes of Ancient Greece, women wanted purses that would not be bulky or untidy in appearance, so reticules were designed. Reticules were made of fine fabrics like silk and velvet, carried with wrist straps, first becoming popular in France, they crossed over into Britain, where they became known as indispensables. Men, however, did not adopt the trend and they used purses and pockets, which became popular in mens trousers. The modern purse, clutch, pouch or handbag came about in England during the Industrial Revolution, H. J. Cave obliged and produced the first modern set of luxury handbags, as we would recognize them today, including a clutch and a tote. These are now on display in the Museum of Bags and Purses in Amsterdam. H. J. Cave did continue to sell and advertise the handbags, but many critics said that women did not need them, H. J. However, H. J. Cave resumed handbag production in 2010. During the 1940s, the rationing of textiles for World War II led to the manufacturing of handbags made in materials like raffia or crocheted from yarn, some women crocheted their own small handbags from commercial patterns during this period
17.
SoHo, Manhattan
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The areas history is an archetypal example of inner-city regeneration and gentrification, encompassing socioeconomic, cultural, political, and architectural developments. The name SoHo refers to the area being South of Houston Street, and was also a reference to Soho and it was coined by Chester Rapkin, an urban planner and author of The South Houston Industrial Area study, also known as the Rapkin Report. It consists of 26 blocks and approximately 500 buildings, many of them incorporating cast-iron architectural elements, many side streets in the district are paved with Belgian blocks. SoHo is bounded by Houston Street on the side, Canal Street on the south, Crosby Street on the east. The AIA Guide to New York City gives the western boundary of SoHo north of Broome Street as West Broadway. The AIA Guide calls that neighborhood An intersection of brick and glass, searching for an identity, the SoHo-Cast Iron Historic District is contained within the zoned SoHo neighborhood. The boundary lines are not straight, and some block-fronts on West Broadway and this land was acquired in the 1660s by Augustine Hermann, and then passed to his brother-in-law, Nicholas Bayard. The estate was confiscated by the state as a result of Bayards part in Leislers Rebellion, in the 18th century natural barriers – streams and hills – impeded the growth of the city northward into the Bayard estate, and the area maintained its rural character. During the American Revolution, the area was the location of fortifications, redoubts. A canal was built to drain the pond into the Hudson, once Broadway was paved and sidewalks were built there and along Canal Street, more people began to make their homes there, joining earlier arrivals such as James Fennimore Cooper. This dramatic shift in the nature of the continued to drive out residents. This phase came to an end by the close of the 19th century, and as the center of the city continued to move uptown, after World War II, the textile industry largely moved to the South, leaving many large buildings in the district unoccupied. In some buildings they were replaced by warehouses and printing plants, by the 1950s, the area had become known as Hells Hundred Acres, an industrial wasteland, full of sweatshops and small factories in the daytime, but empty at night. SoHo boasts the greatest collection of architecture in the world. Approximately 250 cast-iron buildings stand in New York City and the majority of them are in SoHo, cast iron was initially used as a decorative front over a pre-existing building. With the addition of modern, decorative facades, older buildings were able to attract new commercial clients. Most of these facades were constructed during the period from 1840 to 1880, in addition to revitalizing older structures, buildings in SoHo were later designed to feature the cast iron. An American architectural innovation, cast iron was cheaper to use for facades than materials such as stone or brick, molds of ornamentation, prefabricated in foundries, were used interchangeably for many buildings, and a broken piece could be easily recast
18.
Neiman Marcus
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Neiman Marcus, originally Neiman-Marcus, is an American luxury department store owned by the Neiman Marcus Group, headquartered in Dallas, Texas. Neiman Marcus is currently owned by the Canada Pension Plan Investment Board, in 1907 the trio found themselves with $25,000 from the successful sales-promotion firm they had built in Atlanta, Georgia, and two potential investments into which to invest the funds. Rather than take a chance on an unknown sugary soda pop business, for this reason, early company CEO Peb Atera was quoted in 1957 as saying in jest that Neiman Marcus was founded on bad business judgment. The store, established on September 10,1907, was furnished and stocked with clothing of a quality not commonly found in Texas. Within a few weeks, the initial inventory, mostly acquired on a buying trip to New York made by Carrie, was completely sold out. Oil-rich Texans, welcoming the opportunity to flaunt their wealth in more sophisticated fashion than was previously possible, flocked to the new store. In spite of a financial panic set off only a few weeks after its opening, Neiman Marcus was instantly successful. In 1914 a fire destroyed the Neiman Marcus store and all of its merchandise, a temporary store was set up and opened in 17 days. By the end of 1914, Neiman Marcus opened in its new, permanent location at the corner of Main Street and Ervay Street. In its first year at the new building, Neiman Marcus recorded a profit of $40,000 on sales of $700,000, in 1927 the store expanded and Neiman Marcus premiered the first weekly retail fashion show in the United States. The store staged a show called One Hundred Years of Texas Fashions in 1936 in honor of the centennial of Texas independence from Mexico. During the 1930s and 1940s Neiman Marcus began to include less expensive clothing lines along with its high-end items, in response to the Great Depression, between 1942 and 1944, sales at Neiman Marcus grew from $6 million to $11 million. Despite a major fire in 1946, the continued to profit. Herbert Marcus, Sr. died in 1950, and Carrie Neiman died two years later, leaving Stanley Marcus in charge of the companys operations, the 1950s saw the addition of a $1.6 million store at 8300 Preston Road. It was 63, 000-square-foot, inspired by the art and culture of Southwestern Indians, copied from Indian weaving, pottery, and sand paintings. The themed decor included Kachina figures on colored-glass murals and an Alexander Calder mobile named Mariposa, area teachers cited the Gauguin exhibits as spurring a dramatic increase in art study. In the 1950s and 1960s Gittings operated a studio in Neiman Marcus. Clients included Hope Portocarrero, Lyndon Johnson, Howard Hughes, a late 1960s Christmas Book featured portraits of Wyatt Cooper, his wife Gloria Vanderbilt, and children Carter and Anderson Cooper
19.
Kate Spade & Company
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Kate Spade & Company, initially known as Liz Claiborne Inc. Liz Claiborne Inc. was founded in 1976 by Liz Claiborne, Art Ortenberg, Leonard Boxer, in 1980, Nina McLemore founded Liz Claiborne Accessories. Liz Claiborne Inc. went public in 1981 and had made the Fortune 500 list in 1986, ten years after it was founded, after retiring in 1989, Claiborne died on June 26,2007, at the age of 78 from complications from cancer. On May 15,2012, Liz Claiborne Inc. officially became Fifth & Pacific, Inc. on October 7,2013, Fifth & Pacific Cos announced that they would sell Juicy Couture to Authentic Brands Group for $195 million. In December, the company announced it was selling Lucky Brand Jeans for $225 million to Leonard Green & Partners, on February 25,2014, Fifth & Pacific was renamed Kate Spade & Company. Craig A. Leavitt succeeded William McComb, whose retirement marked the end of the companys transformation from Liz Claiborne to Kate Spade. Founder Leonard Boxer retired in 1985, and in 1989, Liz Claiborne, Jerome Chazen became the companys Chairman in 1989 and held that role until 1996, when Paul Charron became Chairman and C. E. O. and held that position until 2006. During Charrons tenure Liz Claiborne, Inc. acquired Lucky Brand Jeans in 1999, in 2001, they acquired Mexx and in 2003 they bought another small fashion company, Juicy Couture. The company acquired kate spade in 2006, on October 16,2006, Liz Claiborne Inc. named William McComb, a Johnson & Johnson veteran, the companys Chief Executive Officer. On October 8,2009, JC Penney Co. announced that it would become the exclusive retailer for the Liz Claiborne brand. All Liz Claiborne merchandise would exit any additional department-store retailer, the Liz&Co. and Concepts by Claiborne brands originally exclusively sold at JC Penney would be phased out, and the Liz Claiborne merchandise would begin appearing in JC Penney stores in August 2010. In October 2011, the completed the sale of its Dana Buchman brand to Kohls. In 2013, Fifth & Pacific narrowed its focus to the Kate Spade brand by selling both Juicy Couture and Lucky Brand Jeans, returning to a mono-brand company. Deborah Lloyd, formerly of Banana Republic and Burberry, joined kate spade new york in 2007 and leads the creative aspects of the brand as president, in this role, she oversees all creative aspects, including product design, merchandising and creative services. Craig A. Leavitt, currently chief executive officer, joined shortly thereafter, the Kate Spade & Company portfolio of brands today includes Kate Spade New York and Jack Spade. The Adelington Design Group, a jewelry design and development group, is also operated by the company. It markets brands through department stores, and serves J. C, Penney, via an exclusive license for Liz Claiborne and Monet jewelry lines, and Kohls with a license for Dana Buchman jewelry. Kate Spade & Company corporate website
20.
Tapestry, Inc.
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Coach, Inc. is a multinational luxury fashion company based in New York City. Coach was founded in 1941, as a workshop in a loft on 34th Street in Manhattan, with six leatherworkers who made wallets. In 1946, Miles Cahn and his wife Lillian joined the company, Miles and Lillian Cahn were owners of a leather handbag manufacturing business, and were knowledgeable about leatherworks and business. By 1950, Cahn had taken over the business, during the early years, Cahn noticed the distinctive properties and qualities of the leather used to make baseball gloves. With wear and use, the leather in a glove became softer and suppler, attempting to mimic this process, Cahn made a way of processing the leather to make it stronger, softer, and more flexible. Since the leather absorbed dye very well, this also created a richer, deeper color in the leather. Soon after Cahn developed this new process, Lillian Cahn suggested to Miles that the supplement the factorys mens accessories business by adding womens leather handbags. The sturdy cowhide bags were an immediate hit, Miles and Lillian Cahn bought the company through a leveraged buyout in 1961. In 1961, Cahn hired Bonnie Cashin, a sportswear pioneer, Cashin revolutionized the products design, working as creative head for Coach from 1962 through 1974. Cashin instituted the inclusion of side pockets, coin purses, in 1979, Lewis Frankfort joined the company as vice-president of business development. During this time, Coach was making $6 million in sales and products were being distributed through the wholesale channel. He was mentored by the then executive VP of sales, Richard Rose, Richard joined Coach in 1965, and he is credited with making Coach a household name after putting the product in department stores across the United States and abroad. He retired from his position in the company in 1995, in 1981, under Frankforts leadership, the company opened its first directly operated retail location on Madison Avenue in Midtown Manhattan. Coach was then sold to Sara Lee Corporation for a reported $30 million, Lew Frankfort succeeded Cahn as president. Sara Lee structured Coach under its Hanes Group, in early 1986, new boutiques were opened in Macys stores in New York City and San Francisco. Additional Coach stores were under construction, and similar boutiques were to be opened in major department stores later that year. By November 1986, the company was operating 12 stores, along with nearly 50 boutiques within department stores. In 1996, Lew Frankfort was named chairman and CEO of Coach, the following year, under Frankforts leadership, Coach hired Reed Krakoff, whose creative and commercials instincts aimed to make Coach products functional, lightweight, and stylish
21.
Henry W. Bloch School of Management
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Henry W. Bloch School of Management is an AACSB accredited business school founded in 1952 at the University of Missouri-Kansas City in Kansas City, Missouri. It offers undergraduate and graduate degrees in Business, Accounting and Public Administration and it is named after Alumnus Henry W. Bloch, founder of H&R Block. The Bloch School also offers NASPAA accredited degrees in Public administration, however, the methodology of the study and the independence of its authors was questioned. In March,2015, the published an expression of concern regarding the study. However, four independent scholars had later reviewed the article and found its methodology to be acceptable, the School is also home to a number of centers and institutes such as the L. P. Cookingham Institute of Urban Affairs and the Midwest Center for Nonprofit Leadership, University of Missouri–Kansas City Missouri University System UMKC Law School UMKC School of Medicine Official website
22.
The Wall Street Journal
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The Wall Street Journal is an American business-focused, English-language international daily newspaper based in New York City. The Journal, along with its Asian and European editions, is published six days a week by Dow Jones & Company, the newspaper is published in the broadsheet format and online. The Wall Street Journal is the largest newspaper in the United States by circulation, according to the Alliance for Audited Media, the Journal had a circulation of about 2.4 million copies as of March 2013, compared with USA Todays 1.7 million. The newspaper has won 39 Pulitzer Prizes through 2015 and derives its name from Wall Street in the heart of the Financial District of Lower Manhattan. The Journal has been printed continuously since its inception on July 8,1889, by Charles Dow, Edward Jones, the Journal also publishes the luxury news and lifestyle magazine WSJ. They were later aggregated in a daily summary called the Customers Afternoon Letter. In 1896, The Dow Jones Industrial Average was officially launched and it was the first of several indices of stock and bond prices on the New York Stock Exchange. In 1899, the Journals Review & Outlook column, which still today, appeared for the first time. Journalist Clarence Barron purchased control of the company for US$130,000 in 1902, circulation was then around 7,000, Barron and his predecessors were credited with creating an atmosphere of fearless, independent financial reporting—a novelty in the early days of business journalism. In 1921, Barrons, Americas premier financial weekly, was founded, Barron died in 1928, a year before Black Tuesday, the stock market crash that greatly affected the Great Depression in the United States. Barrons descendants, the Bancroft family, would continue to control the company until 2007, the Journal took its modern shape and prominence in the 1940s, a time of industrial expansion for the United States and its financial institutions in New York. Bernard Kilgore was named managing editor of the paper in 1941, under Kilgore, in 1947, that the paper won its first Pulitzer Prize, for William Henry Grimess editorials. In 1970, Dow Jones bought the Ottaway newspaper chain, which at the time comprised nine dailies, later, the name was changed to Dow Jones Local Media Group. In 2007 News Corp. acquired Dow Jones, a luxury lifestyle magazine, was launched in 2008. A complement to the print newspaper, The Wall Street Journal Online, was launched in 1996, in 2003, Dow Jones began to integrate reporting of the Journals print and online subscribers together in Audit Bureau of Circulations statements. In 2007, it was believed to be the largest paid-subscription news site on the Web. Since then, online subscribership has fallen, due in part to rising subscription costs, in May 2008, an annual subscription to the online edition of The Wall Street Journal cost $119 for those who do not have subscriptions to the print edition. By June 2013, the monthly cost for a subscription to the edition was $22.99, or $275.88 annually
23.
Designer label
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The term is most often applied to luxury goods. But almost every designer brand has merchandise that middle-class wouldnt normally be able to afford such as skins, furs and hides, limited edition pieces. Many department stores themselves may be considered designer labels, such as Neiman Marcus, Harrods, David Jones, designer labels are not only restricted to the fashion design industry. Many car and motorcycle companies such as Rolls Royce, Harley Davidson and these vehicles are also in high demand all over the world, and waiting lists may be applied to some models such as the Rolls Royce Phantom and the Bugatti Veyron. Many people consider designer labels to be a status symbol, the relationship between consumer products and social status is highly debated
24.
Akris
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Akris is a Swiss fashion house specializing in luxury goods for women designed by Creative Director Albert Kriemler. Akris was founded in 1922 by Alice Kriemler-Schoch in St. Gallen, Switzerland, the company initially made simple, dotted aprons that were crafted by Kriemler-Schoch on a single sewing machine. The company grew significantly and began producing ready-to-wear clothing, following the lead of Max Kriemler, Akris also produced clothes for French designers Givenchy and Ted Lapidus. However, in 1980, Max Kriemlers right-hand man died, Albert would never complete his fashion education, within those two years, he had already begun to take over the company. Peter Kriemler, Alberts brother, joined Akris in 1987 after studies at St. Gallen University on law, Peter is now Akriss global CEO, handling management and manufacturing. Peter Kriemler is credited with bringing the Akris collection to Asia with subsidiaries in Japan and Korea, as well as developing the worldwide network of directly operated stores. Since 2004, the Akris collection is shown during Paris fashion week - the only Swiss house in the Fédération française de la couture,1922 Akris founded by Alice Kriemler-Schoch. 1944 Max Kriemler joins the company, Akris is transforned into a ready-to-wear brand. 1980 Albert Kriemler joins the company at the age of 19,1985 Development of the current Akris company logo. 1987 Peter Kriemler joins the company, official takeover of management by both brothers in the third generation. While Albert is wholly responsible for creation and the impact of the company, Peter controls management and production. 1988 Sales debut of Akris at Bergdorf Goodman in New York,1995 First global advertising campaign with US photographer Steven Klein, New York, and model Stella Tennant. 1996 Launch of the Designer Sportswear Collection Akris punto,1996 Opening of the first Akris boutique in Paris and Boston. Mid-1990s Expansion to the department stores in the U. S. A. with partners Neiman Marcus, Saks Fifth Avenue,1996 Akris becomes a member of the Fédération Française de la Couture, du Prêt-à-Porter des Couturiers et des Créateurs de Mode. It is one of the few couturiers in this organization, such as Dries van Noten. 1999 Opening of the first Akris Boutique in Seoul, Korea,2000 Opening of Namiki Dori, Ginza, the first Akris Boutique in Tokyo, Japan. 2001 Opening of the boutique in Paris on Avenue Montaigne,2002 Founding of the subsidiary Akris Japan Ltd. with headquarters in Tokyo. 2003 Opening of a boutique on Kohlmarkt in Vienna, Austria,2004 First official press defile in Paris
25.
Armani
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The brand utilizes the association of the Armani name with high-fashion, benefiting from its prestige in the fashion industry. By the end of 2005, estimated sales of the company were around $1.69 billion, Armani is the fastest growing fashion brand. The company already operates a range of cafés worldwide, in addition to a bar, Giorgio Armani is a high-end label specializing in mens and womens ready-to-wear, accessories, glasses, cosmetics, and perfumes. It is available only in Giorgio Armani boutiques, specialty clothiers, the logo is a curved G completing a curved A, forming a circle. According to WSJ and other reporters, in addition to couture line Armani Privé, Giorgio Armani. In addition, selling at lower prices are Armani Collezioni, Armani Exchange, Emporio Armani is the second brand of Armani family, features ready-to-wear and runway collections. Emporio Armani focuses on trends and modern traits, Emporio Armani usually only sold in freestanding Emporio Armani boutiques and its official website. Dj Ruru starred in four Emporio Armani underwear campaigns from Spring/Summer 2008 to Fall/Winter 2009-2010, beckham appeared with his wife, former Spice Girl and fashion designer Victoria, in the campaigns twice in 2009. All campaigns were photographed by Mert Alas and Marcus Piggott, in January 2010, football star Cristiano Ronaldo and Hollywood movie star Megan Fox became the male and female face and body of Emporio Armani. In 2011 Megan Fox was replaced with Rihanna and Ronaldo was replaced by tennis athlete Rafael Nadal, Emporio Armani has teamed up with Reebok to create fashion shoes under the label EA7. Armani Collezioni is the line of Giorgio Armani that retails at a lower price and is less exclusive than Giorgio Armani, Emporio Armani. The logo is usually displayed black written on a white label, Armani being larger and Collezioni underneath it. It provides made-to-measure tailored suits and shirts where every element can be chosen, last year, a sporty line of this label has appeared named Armani Collezioni Active in the same way as the EA7 line from Emporio Armani line. Armani Jeans is a collection of denim-related clothing, created in 1981. Armani Jeans is mainly sold in department stores, although there are many freestanding Armani Jeans stores in the world, some Armani Jeans items are sold in Emporio Armani Stores. This line does not feature Giorgio Armanis signature simplicity, the colors used are more diverse than those found in his higher end lines. Brazilian Midfielder Kaka was signed to endorse the jeans, A|X Armani Exchange was launched in 1991 in the U. S. It retails fashion and lifestyle products and is known for its occasionally provocative ad campaigns, inspired by street-chic culture and dance music, it is targeted as the more accessible Armani brand
26.
Max Azria
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Max Azria is a Tunisian fashion designer who founded the contemporary womens clothing brand BCBGMAXAZRIA. Azria is also the designer, chairman and CEO of the BCBG Max Azria Group and he is based in Los Angeles. Max Azria was born in Sfax, Tunisia as the youngest of six children to a Tunisian Jewish family, as a child, Max was educated in southeastern France before his family relocated to Paris, France in 1963. His brother is Serge Azria, founder of the clothing lines Joie, Current/Elliott. After 11 years of designing a line of apparel in Paris, Azria moved to Los Angeles, California in 1981 and launched Jess. In 1989, Azria launched BCBG Max Azria, named for the French phrase bon chic, bon genre, Azria was credited for offering designer fashion at affordable price points and, as a result, was inducted into the Council of Fashion Designers of America in 1998. The BCBG Max Azria Runway collection was first presented at New York Fashion Week in 1996, Azria also maintains two eponymous designer collections, Max Azria Atelier and Max Azria. Launched in February 2004, Max Azria Atelier is a collection of couture gowns created for celebrity clients, sharon Stone, Halle Berry, Fergie and Alicia Keys have worn the label on the red carpet. In February 2006, Azria debuted Max Azria, a collection with a directional aesthetic. During the 2009 awards season, Angelina Jolie wore Max Azria to the 2009 Screen Actors Guild Awards, the company bought out the bankrupt G+G Retail, which operated the G+G and Rave brands, in 2006. Azria acquired the Hervé Léger fashion house in 1998, marking the first time in history that an American designer had acquired a French couturier, in early 2007, Azria relaunched the Hervé Léger label with his own designs, which were quickly embraced by celebrities and trendsetters worldwide. Azria launched a contemporary collection called BCBGeneration in 2008. In June 2009, Azria teamed up with Miley Cyrus to create a line for Walmart called Miley Cyrus & Max Azria, Azria also designed clothing for Cyrus 2009 American tour. BCBG Max Azria Group is a fashion house with a portfolio including more than 20 brands. Max Azria is the CEO, chairman and head designer alongside his wife, Lubov Azria, as of 2006, there are over 550 BCBG Max Azria boutiques worldwide, including locations in London, Paris, Tokyo, Santiago and Hong Kong. BCBG Max Azria Group campaigns regularly feature notable models, including Eva Herzigova, Karen Elson, the company frequently works with internationally renowned photographers such as Patrick Demarchelier, Paolo Roversi and David Sims. BCBG Max Azria Group clothing are featured in major fashion publications such as Vogue, InStyle and Vanity Fair. Azria also received the Wells Fargo Century Fashion Achievement Award at the 2007 L. A, Fashion Awards and the 2008 Fashion Excellence Award at the 33rd Annual Dallas Fashion Awards
27.
Victoria Beckham
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Victoria Caroline Beckham, OBE is an English businesswoman, fashion designer, model, and singer. In the late 1990s, Beckham rose to fame with the pop group Spice Girls. After the Spice Girls split, she was signed to Virgin Records and her first release, Out of Your Mind, reached #2 in the UK Singles Chart. She has since made a appearance in an episode of Ugly Betty, and been a guest judge on Project Runway, Germanys Next Topmodel. In the past decade, Beckham has become an internationally recognised style icon and fashion designer, following high-profile collaborations with other brands, she launched an eponymous label in 2008, and a lower-priced label in 2011. The Victoria Beckham label was named designer brand of the year in the UK in 2011 and she is married to David Beckham, and they have four children. As of September 2015, the couples joint wealth is estimated at £508 million, Beckham was born at the Princess Alexandra Hospital in Harlow, Essex, United Kingdom, and raised in Goffs Oak, Hertfordshire. She is the eldest of three children of Jacqueline Doreen, an insurance clerk and hairdresser, and Anthony William Adams. They founded a wholesale business which allowed a comfortable upbringing for Victoria, her sister, Louise. In 1980, she watched the musical film Fame and subsequently made the decision to pursue a musical career, Jacqueline and Anthony Adams enrolled her at Jason Theatre School. In 1991, Beckham entered Laine Theatre Arts in Epsom, Surrey and studied dance, Beckham attended St. Marys High School in Cheshunt, where she was embarrassed by her familys wealth and often begged her father not to drop her off outside the school in their Rolls Royce. Eventually, she became a member of a band called Persuasion, Beckham made a guest appearance on the catwalk for Maria Grachvogel on 17 February 2000, marking her debut as a model at London Fashion Week. Beckham also acted as a British ambassador for Dolce and Gabbana and was briefly the face of Rocawear in 2003. Beckham designed a fashion line for Rock & Republic called VB Rocks in 2004, consisting mainly of jeans for the high end of the market. On 16 January 2006, Beckham walked the runway for Roberto Cavalli at Milan Fashion Week, for the March 2006 issue of Harpers Bazaar, Beckham acted as fashion editor when she styled her close friend, Katie Holmes, for a fashion shoot. She has admitted to a love of sunglasses, saying Im quite obsessed with sunglasses. I collect vintage Guccis and Carreras – they can make virtually any outfit look cool, after Beckhams departure from Rock & Republic, in September 2006, she furthered her fashion ventures by launching her own denim label, dvb Style. Beckham then launched a new website, dvbstyle. com to promote her fashion work
28.
Laura Biagiotti
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Laura Biagiotti is an Italian high fashion designer. She studied literature in Rome, expecting to become an archeologist and her mother, Delia Biagiotti had designed the uniforms for Alitalia staff in 1964. The House of Biagiotti is now listed among the largest fashion houses in Italy and she also received the Leonardo Prize in Italy. The Italian post office issued a 41 Euro cent stamp with her name in 2002 and she received the America Award of the Italy-USA Foundation in 2011. Since 1980 Biagiotti has lived and worked in the Roman countryside, in the restored 11th century Marco Simone Castle together with her husband Gianni Cigna, Biagiotti is the daughter of Delia Soldaini Biagiotti, the founder of a fashion atelier. Laura’s daughter Lavinia Biagiotti Cigna entered the business in 1997. In 1992, Laura Biagiotti received the Woman of the Year award in New York, in 1993, she received the Marco Polo award in Beijing for having brought Italian industry to China. Laura Biagiotti was the President of the Leonardo Committee, composed of prominent Italians in the fields of industry, art and culture, from 2000 to 2008, and became its Honorary President in 2009. In 2001 she was the first designer to receive the Prix Femmes dEurope for her contribution in promoting participation in the development of a unified Europe. In 2002 received several the Marisa Bellisario Award and the Lifetime Achievement Award of the National Council of Italian Fashion and that year the Italian Postal Service issued a 41 Euro cent stamp honoring the designer and portraying a long dress inspired by classic Roman style. Biagiotti compiled a chapter on Italian fashion for the Treccani Encyclopedia in the Book of the Year 2004, in July 2004 Rome Mayor Walter Veltroni presented Biagiotti with the Lupa Capitolina award. In September 2007 Laura Biagiotti received the Crystal Lion Lifetime Achievement – Venice Casino Award at the conclusion of the 64th Venice International Film Festival, in January 2011 Laura Biagiotti was presented the Leonardo Award by the President of the Italian Republic, Giorgio Napolitano. Official website Laura Biagiotti at the Fashion Model Directory
29.
Manolo Blahnik
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Manuel Manolo Blahnik Rodríguez CBE, is a Spanish fashion designer and founder of the eponymous high-end shoe brand. Blahnik was born and raised in Santa Cruz de la Palma and his Czech father’s family owned a pharmaceutical firm in Prague, and his Spanish mother’s family owned a banana plantation in the island city of Santa Cruz de la Palma. He was homeschooled when he was a child, after he grew up, he attended a Swiss boarding school. Later, his parents wanted him to be a diplomat, and enrolled him at the University of Geneva majoring in Politics, however, Blahnik changed his majors to Literature and Architecture. In 1965, he got his degree and moved to Paris for studying Art at the École des Beaux-Arts and Stage Set Design at the Louvre Art School, while working at a vintage clothing shop. In 1968, he moved to London to work as a buyer at fashion boutique Zapata and wrote for L’Uomo Vogue, in 1970, Blahnik had a chance to meet Diana Vreeland, the editor-in-chief of U. S Vogue, while he was travelling in New York. He then presented his portfolio of fashions and set designs to Vreeland, at which point she looked him straight in the eye and said, Young man, make things, make accessories and she admired his shoe sketches and advised him to concentrate on designing footwear. Blahnik followed her advice and worked on designing shoes, in 1972, Ossie Clark invited him to create shoes for his runway show. Also, he designed shoes for other London fashion designers, such as Jean Muir, with a loan of £2,000, Blahnik bought Zapata from its owner and opened his own boutique. In 1974, Blahnik became the man ever to be featured on the cover of U. K. Vogue. In 1977, he sold his shoes in America, through Bloomingdales, since then, he has become a very famous shoe designer, and a symbol of pure classic style for the 21st century. Manolo Blahniks flagship store remains to date in Old Church Street in the fashionable Chelsea district of London. Blahniks boutiques are located in London, New York, Las Vegas, Dublin, Athens, Madrid, Istanbul, Dubai, Kuwait, Hong Kong, Seoul, Singapore and Stockholm. Bloomingdales, Nordstrom, Neiman Marcus, Barneys, Bergdorf Goodman and Saks Fifth Avenue carry his line in the United States, the company has signed a long-term deal with the shoewear retailer Kurt Geiger to operate Manolo Blahnik boutiques. Blahnik was elevated to the International Best Dressed List Hall of Fame in 1987, in 2007 Blahnik was appointed as an honorary Commander of the Most Excellent Order British Empire for his service to the British fashion industry. Blahnik currently resides in Bath, United Kingdom and was awarded a degree from Bath Spa University in July 2012. One of Blahniks greatest inspirations was his mother and she studied fashion magazines and interpreted the latest fashion trend on her clothing. Blahnik and his family travelled to Paris and Madrid ordering clothes
30.
Ozwald Boateng
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Ozwald Boateng OBE is an English fashion designer of Ghanaian descent, known for his trademark twist on classic British tailoring and bespoke style. Boateng, whose parents emigrated from Ghana in the 1950s, was born in 1967 in Muswell Hill, Boateng was inspired by the immaculate suits his father wore, and received his first suit from his mother aged eight, a double-breasted in purple mohair. At fourteen, he found a job sewing linings into suits. While studying computer science at Southgate College at age 16, he was introduced to cutting and designing by his girlfriend, using his mothers old sewing machine, he started designing and selling to his fellow students, and switched to graduate in fashion and design. Boateng helped a friend to make clothes for a fashion show, some of his first pieces were also sold in Academy, Newburgh Street, in about 1987. This enabled him to open his first studio in Portobello Road in 1991, in 1994, Boateng staged his first catwalk presentation during Paris Fashion Week, the first tailor to stage a catwalk show in Paris. Mentored by Tommy Nutter, the success of the Paris show in 1994 enabled Boateng to open his boutique on Vigo Street, Boatengs contemporary approach to menswear design helped to forge a new appreciation for Savile Row, and draw in a younger demographic. Boatengs moved fully into Savile Row in June 2002, in 2005, Boateng was honoured with a major 20-year retrospective event at the Victoria and Albert Museum. The exhibition recognised that he had by combining the highest standards of execution with a fresh, vibrant design philosophy, in 2008, Boatengs new flagship store and headquarters are launched at No.30 Savile Row, on the corner of Savile Row and Clifford Street. The signage and interiors were co-designed with British-Ghanaian Architect David Adjaye, in 2003, Boateng launched an original concept in fragrances for women. Bespoke comprises two different vials of fragrance within an elongated, jewel-like bottle, in 2007, Boateng merged the corporate headquarters of his company with his redesigned flagship store on Savile Row. Today, in addition to a service, Boateng also produces two ready-to-wear collections a year, produced at the former Chester Barrie factory in Crewe, Cheshire. LVMH President Bernard Arnault appointed Boateng Creative Director of Menswear at French Fashion house Givenchy and his first collection was shown in July 2004 in Paris, at Hotel de Ville. Boateng parted with Givenchy after the Spring 2007 collection, in 2004, Coutts approached Boateng to design a new Super-Premium credit card. The Coutts World Credit Card appears in Boatengs trademark imperial purple, designed to communicate a new modernity, in 2004, Boateng designed new amenity kits for Virgin Atlantics Upper Class. Critically claimed to be the most stylish first class kits available to travellers on any airline, Boateng was commissioned by John Agyekum Kufuor, President of the Republic of Ghana, to design and orchestrate a show at the 9th Annual African Union summit in 2007. Held in Accra, it coincided with 200 years since the cessation of the slave trade. Director Varon Bonicos filmed Boateng between 1998 and 2010 for fly-on-the-wall feature documentary, A Mans Story, released in March 2012, the series was produced by Robert Redford and Ben Silverman
31.
Roberto Cavalli
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Roberto Cavalli is an Italian fashion designer and inventor. He is known for prints and for creating the sand-blasted look for jeans. He is also the founder of the high-end Italian fashion house Roberto Cavalli which sells clothing, perfume. Roberto Cavalli was born in Florence, Tuscany and his grandfather, Giuseppe Rossi, was an artist and a member of the Macchiaioli Movement, whose work is exhibited in the Uffizi Gallery. Cavalli enrolled at the local Art Institute, concentrating in textile print, while still a student, he made a series of flower prints on knit that caught the attention of major Italian hosiery factories. In the early 1970s, he invented and patented a printing procedure on leather and he debuted these techniques in Paris, immediately getting commissions from the likes of Hermès and Pierre Cardin. At age 32, he presented his first namesake collection at the Salon for Prêt-à-Porter in Paris. He brought it to the catwalks of the Sala Bianca of Palazzo Pitti in Florence, and later on those of Milano Collezioni, jeans made of printed denim, intarsia leathers, brocade and he then opened his first boutique in 1972 in Saint-Tropez. In 1980, Roberto Cavalli married Eva Düringer, in Milan in 1994, Cavalli presented the first sand-blasted jeans. By December of the year, he had opened boutiques in Saint Barth, in the French Caribbean, followed by others in Venice. There is also the Angels & Devils Children Collection, the Class line, in 2002, Cavalli opened his first café-store in Florence, revamping it with his signature animal prints. This was shortly followed by the opening in Milan of the Just Cavalli café at Torre Branca, Roberto Cavalli was a judge at the Miss Universe 1977 pageant where his future wife was a contestant, who represented Austria and won second place. The woman that won was the first Black Miss Universe, in July 2011, his company collection was presented at the catwalk of The Brandery fashion show in Barcelona. Cavalli has five children, Tommaso and Christiana from his first marriage, and Robert, Rachele, on June 18,2013, he was awarded an Honorary Master Diploma in Fashion Management from Domus Academy in Milan, during a ceremony after which he held a lectio magistralis. Many leading models have worked for the brand, Jessica Stam, Eva Riccobono, Laetitia Casta, Natasha Poly, Mariacarla Boscono, Karen Elson, Karolina Kurkova and Ivan Olita amongst others. In May 2014, Cavalli approached Investcorp, an investment firm in the Persian Gulf, Cavalli was sharply criticized in 2004 by the Hindu community for marketing a line of feminine underwear which featured the images of Hindu goddesses. The line was withdrawn and formal apologies were made. The Maktab Tarighat Oveyssi Shahmaghsoudi school of Islamic Sufism accused Cavalli of copying their sacred emblem for branding the Just Cavalli line, the Sufi school brought forth a proceeding in Europe to the Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market
32.
Jimmy Choo Ltd
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Jimmy Choo is a British high fashion house specialising in shoes, handbags, accessories and fragrances. The company, J. Choo Limited, was founded in 1996 by couture shoe designer Jimmy Choo, the brand claims to have been a favourite of Princess Diana. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange, the brand traces its roots to a bespoke shoemaker named Jimmy Choo, based in the East End of London in the early 1990s, who catered to the global jet set, including Diana, Princess of Wales. Mr Choo departed the company in 2001, Choo sold his 50% share in the Jimmy Choo company to Equinox Luxury Holdings Ltd. in 2001. Lion Capital acquired a majority shareholding in November 2004, and the company was sold in 2007 to TowerBrook Capital Partners for £225 million, in 2011 it was sold to Labelux for £525.5 million. J. Choo Limited is currently run by ex-LVMH executive Pierre Denis, Jimmy Choo’s IPO was announced in September 2014. In October 2014, Jimmy Choo announced it would price its London Stock Exchange listing at 140 pence a share, the first Jimmy Choo store was opened in 1996 on Motcomb Street in London. Two years later, the company expanded to the US, opening two stores in New York City and Beverly Hills, over the following years, Jimmy Choo expanded its store portfolio by opening directly operated stores and with local partners. Over 2011 and 2012, Jimmy Choo took control of the majority of its Asian operations in China, Hong Kong, J. Choo Ltd. has over 400 design patents to its name. The company has several prominent cases for copyright and trademark infringement, as well as being the target of knock-off counterfeit imports in the UK. The company has sued Oasis, Warehouse and Marks & Spencer for copying shoes, in December 2008 the company threatened to sue a New Zealand website, Kookychoo. com, for trademark infringement. Kookychoo is a company sells products unrelated to shoes, items such as toys, jewellery. Kookychoos owner stated, Its terrifying to be honest because Im feeling really bullied, there was never any malice intended, we just wanted to start a small New Zealand business so its quite frightening. Jimmy Choo suede and leather platforms worn by Carrie Bradshaw in US TV show Sex And The City Season 3 and she lost a shoe running to catch the Staten Island Ferry and said I lost my Choo. Jimmy Choo footwear is worn by a villain, and cited as a clue to the nature of her character, in The Salt-Stained Book, a childrens novel by Julia Jones
33.
Kenneth Cole Productions
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Kenneth Cole Productions, Inc. is an American fashion house founded in 1982 by Kenneth Cole. Cole originally named the company Kenneth Cole Incorporated in September 1982, with Kenneth Cole Productions painted on the side of the truck, they opened for business on December 2,1982, in front of 1370 Avenue of the Americas. They had a fully furnished forty-foot trailer, klieg lights, a director, a camera, models as actresses. A velvet rope allowed a number of people into the trailers. The company remains Kenneth Cole Productions, Inc. to this day to honor this unusual beginning, in 1985, Kenneth Cole opened his first store on Columbus Avenue in Manhattan, followed shortly thereafter by another store on Union Street in San Francisco. In 2013, Elana Drell Szyfer was named vice president of global brand strategy for Kenneth Cole Productions and, before this. Two full-priced stores would open in New York and Virginia. Kenneth Cole currently operates 6 separate clothing and accessories lines with different price points and 1 shoes-only line, Kenneth Cole New York The original and second most expensive line consists of fashion and accessories for men and women, watches and fragrances. Gentle Souls Comfort shoes for women only, Kenneth Cole Reaction Introduced in 1996 as a more casual, less expensive component to Kenneth Cole New York. The secondary line for more affordable products consists of fashion and accessories for men and women, Kenneth Cole Unlisted The tertiary and cheapest line consists of handbags and clothing for men and women. Tribeca Le Tigre The following Kenneth Cole mens and womens lines are manufactured, marketed and distributed by Haggar Canada Co. a subsidiary of Haggar Clothing Co. Campaigns often incorporate topical issues, such as addressing Imelda Marcosa shoe fetish in 1986 with the line, “Imelda Marcos bought 2,700 pairs of shoes. She couldve at least had the courtesy to buy a pair of ours. ”In 1994, the company ran its first partisan political ad for the New York state gubernatorial race featuring George Pataki and Mario Cuomo, Coles father-in-law. The ad was an image of a boot with the words, “Next time you hear George Pataki speak, might we suggest the appropriate footwear. ”George Pataki did end up becoming governor. Not all of their ads are as overtly political, but most have a humorous tint to them, often incorporating word plays or puns. Some of his lines include, “What you stand for is more important than what you stand in, ” “Are you putting us on. ”And “Today is not a dress rehearsal. ”Popular topics in his advertising include HIV/AIDS, homelessness, gun control, abortion. The current advertising campaign uses the tagline “We need more than a surface mentality, the writing is on the wall. ”Kenneth Cole Productions, Inc. is active in charities and often uses advertising, publicity and other corporate initiatives to support charitable causes. Cole’s advocacy for AIDS awareness and research has made the house a legend in philanthropic circles
34.
S. T. Dupont
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Dupont Paris is a brand name and manufacturer of lighters, collectible pens, handbags, perfumes, cigarettes, and recently other gadgets using the trademark diamond-head pattern. The company has been producing luxury items since its founding in 1872, the founder of the brand, Simon Tissot-Dupont, was born in Savoy in 1847, the company owes its initials to him. Simon Tissot Dupont founded a company which was destroyed in a fire in 1872. The same year he bought a workshop which made leather briefcases for diplomats, in 1884, Dupont became the supplier to one of the world’s largest shops – Les Grands Magasins du Louvre – while maintaining his private clientele. Dupont handed over his company to his sons in 1919, Lucien and Andre and they focused on high quality travel cases and accessories. Craftsmen were employed and patents were taken out to protect industrial secrets,250 workers and 17 separate traders were involved in the manufacture, including goldsmiths, woodworkers, engravers, leather craftsmen, lacquer workers, and locksmiths. Dupont transferred its workshops from rue Dieu in Paris back to the hometown of Faverges in Savoy in 1924. In 1929 Lucien Tissot Dupont was invited to New York by Louis Cartier to present his travel cases in their 5th Avenue shop, on the ship going to New York he learned about the Wall Street crash. In response, on his subsequent return to Paris he decided to even further upmarket. In 1971, Gillette purchased 48% of the stock of S. T, Dupont, and in 1987 the company was sold to Dickson Concepts. Dupont has gone on to produce lighters, pens, wallets, watches, cigarette, the companys first serially produced lighter was created in 1941, and was made of aluminium, as brass was used as a strategic metal restricted for war purposes only. From 1958 to 1963, all lighters were constructed of 18k solid gold with 3% brass, ST Dupont Official English language website Gizmodo, S. T. Dupont Creates Palladium Flash Drive for the Well-Heeled
35.
Dolce & Gabbana
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Dolce & Gabbana is a luxury Italian fashion house founded in 1985 in Legnano by Italian designers Domenico Dolce and Stefano Gabbana. The two met in Milan in 1980 and designed for the fashion house. In 1982 they established a designer consulting studio, in time it grew to become Dolce & Gabbana and they presented their first womens collection in 1985 in Milan, where a year later their store would open its doors. In 1988, they launched their line, and in 1989 they began designing underwear. Dolce & Gabbana started to export their products to Japan and other countries like the U. S. where they founded their own showroom in 1990, in 1992, the same year they presented their mens collection, they also launched their first perfume Dolce & Gabbana. They won the Woolmark award in 1991, and the prize most feminine flavor of the year in 1993, towards the end of the 1990s their sales were around 500 million dollars and in 2003 their revenue reached $633 million. By 2005, their turnover was €600 million, Domenico Dolce began his career in the fashion industry after dropping out of a three-year course in fashion design at Marangoni Institute, believing that he knew everything the school had to teach. His dream was to work for Giorgio Armani so one day, inside the door, there was a long white carpet leading to the receptionists desk. Dolce was not sure if he should walk on it with his shoes on, I am such a cretino, he says. He decided that he would look ridiculous appearing at the front desk without shoes, so he approached by sidling along the wall and he handed the book to the receptionist and to this day, Dolce does not know if Armani ever saw the sketches. Dolce found a job as an assistant to a designer named Giorgio Correggiari, One night at a club, he met a young man named Stefano Gabbana. Dolce was impressed with Gabbanas good looks and outgoing personality and Gabbana was happy to hear Dolces advice on how to approach Correggiari for a job. Correggiari ended up hiring Gabbana to work on sportswear, and Dolce taught him how to sketch and the basics of tailoring, Dolce, We always filed two different invoices for the freelance work we did, even when we were working for the same client. Gabbana, Our accountant said, Why not just do one invoice for both of you, put Dolce and Gabbana at the top. So the brand was born, the brainchild of a Milanese bookkeeper, the first collection from the design duo was shown in October 1985 alongside five other up-and-coming Italian labels as part of Milan Fashion Week. The two did not have money to hire models or provide accessories for them, so they sought help from their friends. The models simply wore their personal items to complement the clothing and they used a bed sheet that Dolce had brought from home as their stage curtain. The pair labeled their first collection Real Women, due in part to the use of local women on the runway
36.
Dean and Dan Caten
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Dean and Dan Caten are Canadian fashion designers, radio personalities, and businessmen. They are identical twin brothers and the founders and owners of Dsquared², Dean and Dan Catenacci were born in 1964 in Toronto, Ontario and grew up in Willowdale. Their father is from a town near Sora, Lazio. In 1983, they moved to New York to study fashion at Parsons School of Design, finding a financial backer in 1986, they launched their first signature womenswear collection, DEanDAN. By 1988 they had signed on to label Ports International as creative directors to bring the more fashion forward. At the same time, the Catens designed for their lower-end, leisure brand, Tabi International. In 1991, the moved to Milan, Italy where they worked as designers for the house of Gianni Versace, and denim brand Diesel. They debuted their mens collection in 1994, and in 2003, they launched a womens collection, the brothers are known for designing clothes and staging elaborate fashion shows. They design mens and womens apparel, footwear, fragrances, a runway show in 2005 ended with Christina Aguilera stripping male models of their clothes. In September 2007, the Dsquared² fashion show in Milan featured Rihanna entering the stage in an American muscle car, Bill Kaulitz opened and closed the Dsquared² Autumn/Winter 2010 menswear show in Milan. Their designs have been worn by Britney Spears, Madonna, Tokio Hotels lead singer Bill Kaulitz, Justin Timberlake, Kendrick Lamar, Ricky Martin, Nicolas Cage, and Lenny Kravitz. In 2000–01, Madonna commissioned the brothers to design over 150 pieces for her Drowned World Tour 2001, dSquared2s design was also featured in Britney Spears 2009 world tour The Circus Starring Britney Spears and Tokio Hotels Welcome to Humanoid City tour. They have been featured on Americas Next Top Model and they appeared in the video for Fergies Clumsy. In 2006, the brothers were selected to design the new uniforms for football team Juventus. In March 2008, the Catens signed an agreement to design sunglasses with Marcolin, in 2013, the Dsquared² brand had a brand turnover of about €200 million. The brands slogan is Born in Canada, living in London, the twins themselves have worked on side projects, they have appeared on Americas Next Top Model and co-hosted their own show Launch My Line. Celebrities associated with the brand include singer Fergie, Madonna, Britney Spears, in June 2007, the first Dsquared² flagship was opened in Milans fashion district. Stores also opened in St. Moritz, Athens, Mykonos, Capri, Istanbul, Kiev, Cannes, Singapore, Paris, Nicosia, in March 2015, Dsquared² opened their first flagship store in London
