1.
Beverly Hills, California
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Beverly Hills is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States, surrounded by the cities of Los Angeles and West Hollywood. By 2013, its population had grown to 34,658, sometimes referred to as 90210, one of its primary ZIP codes, it was home to many actors and celebrities throughout the 20th century. The city includes the Rodeo Drive shopping district and the Beverly Hills Oil Field, gaspar de Portolá arrived in the area that would later become Beverly Hills on August 3,1769, travelling along native trails which followed the present-day route of Wilshire Boulevard. The area was settled by Maria Rita Quinteros de Valdez and her husband in 1828 and they called their 4,500 acres of property the Rancho Rodeo de las Aguas. in 1854, she sold the ranch to Benjamin Davis Wilson and Henry Hancock. By the 1880s, the ranch had been subdivided into parcels of 75 acres and was being bought up by anglos from Los Angeles. Henry Hammel and Andrew H. Denker acquired most of it, at this point, the area was known as the Hammel and Denker Ranch. By 1888, Denker and Hammel were planning to build a town called Morocco on their holdings and they did not find enough to exploit commercially by the standards of the time, though. In 1906, therefore, they reorganized as the Rodeo Land and Water Company, renamed the property Beverly Hills, subdivided it, the development was named Beverly Hills after Beverly Farms in Beverly, Massachusetts and because of the hills in the area. The first house in the subdivision was built in 1907, although sales remained slow, Beverly Hills was one of many all-white planned communities started in the Los Angeles area around this time. Restrictive covenants prohibited non-whites from owning or renting property unless they were employed as servants by white residents and it was also forbidden to sell or rent property to Jews in Beverly Hills. Burton Green began construction on The Beverly Hills Hotel in 1911, the hotel was finished in 1912. The visitors drawn by the hotel were inclined to purchase land in Beverly Hills and that same year, the Rodeo Land and Water Company decided to separate its water business from its real estate business. The Beverly Hills Utility Commission was split off from the company and incorporated in September 1914, buying all of the utilities-related assets from the Rodeo Land. In 1919, Douglas Fairbanks and Mary Pickford bought land on Summit Drive and built a mansion, finished in 1921, the glamor associated with Fairbanks and Pickford as well as other movie stars who built mansions in the city contributed to its growing appeal. By the early 1920s the population of Beverly Hills had grown enough to make the water supply a political issue, in 1923 the usual solution, annexation to the city of Los Angeles, was proposed. There was considerable opposition to annexation among such famous residents as Pickford, Fairbanks, Will Rogers, the Beverly Hills Utility Commission, opposed to annexation as well, managed to force the city into a special election and the plan was defeated 337 to 507. In 1925, Beverly Hills approved an issue to buy 385 acres for a new campus for UCLA. The cities of Los Angeles, Santa Monica and Venice also issued bonds to pay for the new campus
2.
Milwaukee
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Milwaukee is the largest city in the state of Wisconsin and the fifth-largest city in the Midwestern United States. The county seat of Milwaukee County, it is on Lake Michigans western shore, Milwaukees estimated population in 2015 was 600,155. Milwaukee is the cultural and economic center of the Milwaukee–Racine–Waukesha Metropolitan Area with an estimated population of 2,046,692 as of 2015. Ranked by estimated 2014 population, Milwaukee is the 31st largest city in the United States, the first Europeans to pass through the area were French Catholic missionaries and fur traders. In 1818, the French Canadian explorer Solomon Juneau settled in the area, large numbers of German immigrants helped increase the citys population during the 1840s, with Poles and other immigrants arriving in the following decades. Known for its traditions, Milwaukee is currently experiencing its largest construction boom since the 1960s. In addition, many new skyscrapers, condos, lofts and apartments have been built in neighborhoods on and near the lakefront, the word Milwaukee may come from the Potawatomi language minwaking, or Ojibwe language ominowakiing, Gathering place. The first recorded inhabitants of the Milwaukee area are the Menominee, Fox, Mascouten, Sauk, Potawatomi, Ojibwe, many of these people had lived around Green Bay before migrating to the Milwaukee area around the time of European contact. In the second half of the 18th century, the Indians at Milwaukee played a role in all the wars on the American continent. During the French and Indian War, a group of Ojibwas, in the American Revolutionary War, the Indians around Milwaukee were some of the few Indians who remained loyal to the American cause throughout the Revolution. After American independence, the Indians fought the United States in the Northwest Indian War as part of the Council of Three Fires, during the War of 1812, Indians held a council in Milwaukee in June 1812, which resulted in their decision to attack Chicago. This resulted in the Battle of Fort Dearborn on August 15,1812, the War of 1812 did not end well for the Indians, and after the Black Hawk War in 1832, the Indians in Milwaukee signed their final treaty with the United States in Chicago in 1833. This paved the way for American settlement, Europeans had arrived in the Milwaukee area prior to the 1833 Treaty of Chicago. French missionaries and traders first passed through the area in the late 17th and 18th centuries, alexis Laframboise, in 1785, coming from Michilimackinac settled a trading post, therefore, he is the first European descent resident of the Milwaukee region. Early explorers called the Milwaukee River and surrounding lands various names, Melleorki, Milwacky, Mahn-a-waukie, Milwarck, for many years, printed records gave the name as Milwaukie. One story of Milwaukees name says, ne day during the thirties of the last century a newspaper calmly changed the name to Milwaukee, the spelling Milwaukie lives on in Milwaukie, Oregon, named after the Wisconsin city in 1847, before the current spelling was universally accepted. Milwaukee has three founding fathers, Solomon Juneau, Byron Kilbourn, and George H. Walker, Solomon Juneau was the first of the three to come to the area, in 1818. He was not the first European settler but founded a town called Juneaus Side, or Juneautown, in competition with Juneau, Byron Kilbourn established Kilbourntown west of the Milwaukee River and made sure the streets running toward the river did not join with those on the east side
3.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
4.
O. J. Simpson murder case
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The trial spanned eleven months, from the jurys swearing-in on November 9,1994. Opening statements were made on January 24,1995, and the verdict was announced on October 3,1995, according to the USA Today, The case has been described as the most publicized criminal trial in history. Simpson was represented by a very high-profile defense team, which was led by Robert Shapiro. The team also included F. Lee Bailey, Alan Dershowitz, Robert Kardashian, Shawn Holley, Carl E. Douglas, Barry Scheck and Peter Neufeld were two additional attorneys who specialized in DNA evidence. Cochran and the team also alleged other misconduct by the Los Angeles Police Department. Simpsons celebrity status, racial issues, and the lengthy televised trial riveted national attention on the trial of the century. By the end of the trial, national surveys showed dramatic differences in the assessment of Simpsons guilt or innocence between black and white Americans. After the criminal trial, the Brown and Goldman families filed a lawsuit against Simpson. On February 4,1997, the jury found Simpson responsible for both deaths, the families were awarded compensatory and punitive damages totaling $33.5 million, but have received only a small portion of that. Nicole Brown and O. J. Simpson were married on February 2,1985, the couple had two children, Sydney Brooke Simpson and Justin Ryan Simpson. The marriage lasted seven years, during which time Simpson was investigated by police for domestic violence multiple times, Brown filed for divorce on February 25,1992, citing irreconcilable differences. At 12,10 a. m. on June 13,1994, Nicole Brown Simpson, Brown had been stabbed multiple times in the head and neck, and had defensive wounds on her hands. The larynx could be seen through the wound in her neck. Both victims had been dead for about 2 hours prior to being discovered by police, Robert Riske, one of the first two officers on the scene, found a single bloody glove, among other evidence. Detectives went to Simpsons Rockingham estate to him that his ex-wife had been murdered. In the back of his home, they found some blood scattered all over on a white Ford Bronco, Detective Mark Fuhrman climbed over an external wall and unlocked the gate to allow the other three detectives to enter in with him. The detectives argued that they entered without a search warrant because of exigent circumstances—specifically, in this case, Simpson was not present when the detectives arrived early that morning, he had taken a flight to Chicago late the previous night. Detectives briefly interviewed Kato Kaelin, who was staying in Simpsons guest house, in a walk-around of the premises, Fuhrman discovered a second bloody glove, it was later determined to be the match of the glove found at the murder scene
5.
Kato (The Green Hornet)
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Kato is a fictional character from The Green Hornet series. This character has appeared with the Green Hornet in film, television, book. Kato was the Hornets assistant and has played by a number of actors. On radio, Kato was initially played by Raymond Hayashi, then Roland Parker who had the role for most of the run, keye Luke took the role in the movie serials, and in the television series he was portrayed by Bruce Lee. Jay Chou played Kato in the 2011 Green Hornet film, according to the storyline, years before the events depicted in the series, Britt Reid had saved Katos life while traveling in the Far East. Depending on the version of the story, this prompted Kato to become Reids assistant or friend, in the 1936 premiere of the radio program, Kato was presented as being Japanese. The first of Universals two movie serials, produced in 1939 but not released to theaters until early 1940, referred in passing to Kato being a Korean, by 1941, Kato had begun to be referred to as Filipino. A long-standing, but false, urban legend maintained that the switch from one to the other occurred immediately after the 1941 bombing of Pearl Harbor. In recent years, there has been a growing but equally erroneous belief that Kato was initially said to be a Filipino of Japanese ancestry. In the TV series Kato is not at all a mechanic but a servant, a highly skilled driver. In the television series he became an expert in martial arts. In the 2011 film, Kato tells Britt Reid that he was born in the Chinese city of Shanghai, Reid replies by saying that he love Japan. It was due in part to Bruce Lees portrayal that the Green Hornet became more known. In this version, he also used green sleeve darts as an attack for situations in which hand-to-hand combat was either impossible or too risky. In a crossover episode of Batman from the time and companies. The impression Lee made at the time is demonstrated by one of the TV series tie-in coloring books produced by Watkins & Strathmore and it is titled Katos Revenge Featuring the Green Hornet. The Green Hornets success in Hong Kong, where it was known as The Kato Show. All Green Hornet comic book adaptations have included Kato and these were produced by Helnit, Harvey, Dell and, tied in to the television version, Gold Key
6.
Bruce Lee
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Lee Jun-fan, known professionally as Bruce Lee, was a Hong Kong and American martial artist, actor, philosopher, filmmaker, and founder of the martial art Jeet Kune Do. Lee was the son of Cantonese opera star Lee Hoi-chuen and he is widely considered by commentators, critics, media, and other martial artists to be one of the most influential martial artists of all time, and a pop culture icon of the 20th century. He is often credited with helping to change the way Asians were presented in American films, Lee was born in Chinatown, San Francisco on November 27,1940 to parents from Hong Kong and was raised in Kowloon, Hong Kong with his family until his late teens. He was introduced to the industry by his father and appeared in several films as a child actor. Lee moved to the United States at the age of 18 to receive his education, at the University of Washington, at Seattle. The direction and tone of his films changed and influenced martial arts and martial arts films in the US, Hong Kong, Lee became an iconic figure known throughout the world, particularly among the Chinese, as he portrayed Chinese nationalism in his films. He trained in the art of Wing Chun and later combined his other influences from various sources, in the spirit of his martial arts philosophy. Lee held dual nationality of Hong Kong and the US and he died in Kowloon Tong on July 20,1973 at the age of 32. Bruce Lee was born on November 27,1940, at the Chinese Hospital, according to the Chinese zodiac, Lee was born in both the hour and the year of the Dragon, which according to tradition is a strong and fortuitous omen. Bruces father, Lee Hoi-chuen, was Han Chinese, and his mother, Grace Ho, was of half-Chinese and half-Caucasian descent. Grace Ho was the daughter of Ho Kom-tong and the half-niece of Sir Robert Ho-tung. Bruce was the child of five children, Phoebe Lee, Agnes Lee, Peter Lee. Lee and his parents returned to Hong Kong when he was three months old, Lees Cantonese birth name was Lee Jun-fan. The name homophonically means return again, and was given to Lee by his mother, because of his mothers superstitious nature, she had originally named him Sai-fon, which is a feminine name meaning small phoenix. The English name Bruce is thought to have given by the hospital attending physician. Lee had three other Chinese names, Li Yuanxin, a name, Li Yuanjian, which he used as a student name while he was attending La Salle College. Lees given name Jun-fan was originally written in Chinese as 震藩, however, hence, the Chinese character for Jun in Lees name was changed to the homonym 振 instead, to avoid naming taboo in Chinese tradition. Lee Hoi-chuen had been touring the United States for many years, although many of his peers decided to stay in the US, Lee Hoi-chuen returned to Hong Kong after Bruces birth
7.
The Green Hornet (TV series)
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The Green Hornet is a television series on the ABC US television network that aired for the 1966–1967 TV season starring Van Williams as the Green Hornet/Britt Reid and Bruce Lee as Kato. The character had originated as the star of a series, and it had previously been adapted to movie serials, comic books. Owing in part to George W, beyond Kato, Britts dual identity is known only to his secretary Lenore Casey Case and District Attorney Frank P. Scanlon. Britts motive for fighting crime was explained on-screen, his father had died in prison after having been framed for a crime he did not commit, the series starred Van Williams as the Green Hornet and introduced martial artist Bruce Lee to American television audiences as his partner, Kato. Unlike the campy and humorous Batman series, The Green Hornet was played straight, though it was canceled after one season, Lee became a major star of martial arts movies. Lees popularity in Hong Kong, where he was raised, was such that the show was marketed there as The Kato Show. Though other characters in the story were all led to believe wrongly that the Green Hornet and Kato were villains, as on The Green Hornet, The Series, carmel acted out the shows real villain, who called himself Colonel Gumm. Michael Axford, the bodyguard turned reporter of the series, is now solely a police reporter for The Daily Sentinel. In this series, Reid owned a station as well. There were visual differences as well, promotional artwork for the radio program and the comic books of the day depicted the Hornet wearing a mask that covered all of his face below the eyes while Kato wore goggles. Here, both men wear masks that cover only the portions of their faces. These masks initially had a stylized angularity that soon proved problematic and they were soon replaced with masks molded to the performers faces. In a technological update, the Hornet carried a telescoping device called the Hornets Sting and he most frequently used it to open locked doors, although he was also seen using it to set things on fire and to threaten criminals to get information. In the episode The Secret of the Sally Bell, the Hornet used it to explode the thugs gun, causing the thug to fall and suffer a concussion and he also had a Hornet knockout gas gun. The television version Kato used green sleeve darts to give him an attack he could use to counter enemies both at a distance and in hand-to-hand combat. The impression Bruce Lee made at the time is demonstrated by Katos Revenge Featuring the Green Hornet, each episode begins with the following monologue, narrated by producer William Dozier, Another challenge for the Green Hornet, his aide Kato, and their rolling arsenal, the Black Beauty. On police records a wanted criminal, the Green Hornet is really Britt Reid, owner-publisher of the Daily Sentinel, his identity known only to his secretary. And now, to protect the rights and lives of decent citizens, years later, the Billy May music was featured in the 2003 film Kill Bill, Vol
8.
Nicolet High School
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Nicolet High School is a public secondary school located in Glendale, Wisconsin. It is the school in the Nicolet Unified School District, which serves Glendale, Fox Point, Bayside. Primary schooling is administered by three feeder districts, the Nicolet Unified School district is one of the few school districts in Wisconsin to be made up of only one school. Its main feeder schools are Glen Hills Middle School, Maple Dale Middle School, the school offers French, German, Hebrew, and Spanish languages. Students earn college credit for each application they become certified in, certification are available in 365, Access, Excel, SharePoint, Word and more. Nicolet High School was named a Blue Ribbon School by the Department of Education and was listed as one of the 50 best schools in Wisconsin by US News, Nicolet spends more money per student than other comparable high schools in Wisconsin. J. J
9.
Glendale, Wisconsin
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Glendale is a city in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 12,872 at the 2010 census, Glendale is located at 43°7′48″N 87°55′40″W. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 5.97 square miles. Glendale was incorporated on December 28,1950 from portions of the Town of Milwaukee and it began to develop rapidly in the 1950s, reflecting post-World War II metropolitan growth and migration patterns throughout the United States. Bayshore Town Center was established on the border of the city in 1954. Unlike other northshore suburbs of Milwaukee, Glendale has a mix of industry, the southern areas of the city have mainly industrial and higher density residential sites, while the north features medium to lower density residential plots. Interstate 43 divides the city into east and west sections, Nicolet High School is also located in Glendale and serves the city, along with the suburbs of Fox Point, Bayside, and River Hills. Glendale has begun a campaign to attract business and population growth. Major roads have undergone massive streetscaping projects, Bayshore Town Center has undergone a renovation. As of the census of 2010, there were 12,872 people,5,815 households, the population density was 2,234.7 inhabitants per square mile. There were 6,191 housing units at a density of 1,074.8 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 79. 4% White,14. 1% African American,0. 2% Native American,3. 2% Asian,0. 1% Pacific Islander,0. 7% from other races, and 2. 3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3. 6% of the population,35. 6% of all households were made up of individuals and 16. 6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the family size was 2.80. The median age in the city was 46.8 years. 18. 7% of residents were under the age of 18,6. 9% were between the ages of 18 and 24,22. 2% were from 25 to 44,29. 8% were from 45 to 64, and 22. 6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 46. 4% male and 53. 6% female, as of the census of 2000, there were 13,367 people,5,772 households, and 3,515 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,307.4 people per square mile, there were 5,974 housing units at an average density of 1,031.2 per square mile
10.
Hollywood
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Hollywood is an ethnically diverse, densely populated neighborhood in the central region of Los Angeles, California. It is notable as the home of the U. S. film industry, including several of its studios, and its name has come to be a shorthand reference for the industry. Hollywood was a community in 1870 and was incorporated as a municipality in 1903. It was consolidated with the city of Los Angeles in 1910, in 1853, one adobe hut stood in Nopalera, named for the Mexican Nopal cactus indigenous to the area. By 1870, an agricultural community flourished, the area was known as the Cahuenga Valley, after the pass in the Santa Monica Mountains immediately to the north. According to the diary of H. J. Whitley, known as the Father of Hollywood, along came a Chinese man in a wagon carrying wood. The man got out of the wagon and bowed, the Chinese man was asked what he was doing and replied, I holly-wood, meaning hauling wood. H. J. Whitley had an epiphany and decided to name his new town Hollywood, Holly would represent England and wood would represent his Scottish heritage. Whitley had already started over 100 towns across the western United States, Whitley arranged to buy the 500-acre E. C. Hurd ranch and disclosed to him his plans for the land. They agreed on a price and Hurd agreed to sell at a later date, before Whitley got off the ground with Hollywood, plans for the new town had spread to General Harrison Gray Otis, Hurds wife, eastern adjacent ranch co-owner Daeida Wilcox, and others. Daeida Wilcox may have learned of the name Hollywood from Ivar Weid, her neighbor in Holly Canyon and she recommended the same name to her husband, Harvey. In August 1887, Wilcox filed with the Los Angeles County Recorders office a deed and parcel map of property he had sold named Hollywood, Wilcox wanted to be the first to record it on a deed. The early real-estate boom busted that year, yet Hollywood began its slow growth. By 1900, the region had a post office, newspaper, hotel, Los Angeles, with a population of 102,479 lay 10 miles east through the vineyards, barley fields, and citrus groves. A single-track streetcar line ran down the middle of Prospect Avenue from it, but service was infrequent, the old citrus fruit-packing house was converted into a livery stable, improving transportation for the inhabitants of Hollywood. The Hollywood Hotel was opened in 1902 by H. J. Whitley who was a president of the Los Pacific Boulevard, having finally acquired the Hurd ranch and subdivided it, Whitley built the hotel to attract land buyers. Flanking the west side of Highland Avenue, the structure fronted on Prospect Avenue, the hotel was to become internationally known and was the center of the civic and social life and home of the stars for many years. Whitleys company developed and sold one of the residential areas
11.
Norm Macdonald
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Norman Gene Norm Macdonald is a Canadian stand-up comedian, writer, producer and actor. He was best known for his five seasons as a cast member on Saturday Night Live, early in his career, he wrote for the sitcom Roseanne and made appearances on shows including The Drew Carey Show and NewsRadio. He starred in The Norm Show from 1999 to 2001, Comedy Central named him #83 on the five-part miniseries 100 Greatest Stand-ups of All Time. His brother is Canadian journalist Neil Macdonald, of CBC News, Macdonald was born in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, He has a brother, Neil Macdonald, who is a journalist with the CBC. Their parents, Percy and Ferne, were teachers, Macdonalds first performances in comedy were at stand-up at clubs in Ottawa. He appeared at the 1987 Just For Laughs Comedy Festival in Montreal, following Kevin Nealons departure from SNL, Macdonald anchored the segment Weekend Update. Macdonalds version of Weekend Update often included repeated references to rape, crack whores. Macdonald would occasionally deliver a piece of news, then take out his personal compact tape recorder and he commonly used Frank Stallone as a non sequitur punchline. Macdonald repeatedly ridiculed public figures such as Marion Barry, Michael Jackson, in the broadcast following Simpsons acquittal, Macdonald opened Weekend Update by saying, Well, it is finally official, Murder is legal in the state of California. Now this might strike some viewers as harsh, but I believe everyone involved in this story deserved to die and he followed this up a few episodes later with a report about the singers collapse and hospitalization. The joke elicited audible gasps from some audience members and he responded to this by saying, What. The audience applauded, and Macdonald laughed the error away, in early 1998, Don Ohlmeyer had Macdonald removed as Weekend Update anchor, citing declining ratings and a drop-off in quality. Macdonald and others believed that the reason for his dismissal was the inclusion of a series of jokes calling O. J. Simpson a murderer during. After being removed from the role Macdonald went on CBSs Late Show with David Letterman, the jokes were written primarily by Macdonald and longtime SNL writer Jim Downey, who was fired from SNL outright at the same time. Downey point out in an interview that Ohlmeyer had thrown a party for the jurors that had acquitted Simpson, Macdonald was replaced by Colin Quinn at the Weekend Update desk beginning on the January 10,1998 episode. Ohlmeyer claimed that Macdonald was mistaken pointing out that had this been the case he wouldve censored Jay Lenos many jokes about Simpson on The Tonight Show. Media watchers pointed out that if Macdonald had been viewed as unfunny by Lorne Michaels his removal wouldve occurred at the end of the season, without any media attention. Ohlmeyers boss, Robert Wright, later overturned the not to show ads for the movie on NBC
12.
Artie Lange
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Arthur Steven Artie Lange, Jr. is an American comedian, actor, author, and radio and podcast host, best known for his tenures on The Howard Stern Show and the sketch comedy series Mad TV. Born and raised in New Jersey, Lange first worked as a longshoreman, in 1987, he made his debut as a stand up comic and took up the profession full-time in the early 1990s, performing in clubs and improv shows in and around New York City. In 1995, Lange moved to Los Angeles to star in the first season of Mad TV and his arrest for cocaine possession during the second season led to his departure and subsequent rehabilitation. In 1997, Norm Macdonald chose Lange to co-star in his comedy film Dirty Work, in 2001, Lange returned to New Jersey and became a member of The Howard Stern Show until December 2009. In 2011, Lange completed rehabilitation and resumed his career and he returned to stand up and co-hosted The Nick & Artie Show with Nick Di Paolo until Di Paolos departure in 2013, the show was renamed The Artie Lange Show and lasted until 2014. During this time, Lange released his book, Crash. He launched The Artie Quitter Podcast in 2015 and continues to stand up. His third book is set for release in 2017, Lange was born on October 11,1967 in Livingston, New Jersey, and was raised in Union Township, Union County. His mother, Judy, of Italian descent, was a housewife, while his father, Arthur Lange, Sr. of German and his sister Stacey is a fashion designer. Two weeks after Langes birth, his father went on trial for keeping $200,000 in counterfeit money for a loan shark, in August 2003, Lange found out he is approximately twenty-five per cent American Indian after submitting a sample of his DNA for testing. Lange attended Union High School, taking up baseball and became an all-county third baseman and his poor grades required him to attend summer school in order to graduate. In August 1985, Lange was arrested for attempted bank robbery and he claimed he was trying to flirt with the teller by passing her a note that said he was armed and demanded $50,000. The teller took it seriously, triggering a silent alarm and his charge was reduced to disorderly conduct which required Lange to pay $500 in court fees and complete 25 hours of community service in March 1986. As part of his probation, Lange attended the Connecticut School of Broadcasting from March to June 1987, in 1985, Lange gained admission to Seton Hall University in South Orange, New Jersey using a connection his uncle had with an employee of the admissions department. In one early assignment, he received an A grade for a presentation he made, telling stories about his friends and it was the first time I got a bunch of laughs in front of a crowd of total strangers and it felt amazing to get that reaction from people. After four weeks, Lange became bored to death and began to think of ways to quit, on October 18, in a sudden turn of events, his father fell off a ladder while installing an antenna and broke his back, becoming quadriplegic. Money soon became an issue in the family, Langes mother took up a secretarial job, Lange recalled the situation, We took out a second mortgage. Medicaid paid for an eight hours a day
13.
Marcia Clark
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Marcia Rachel Clark is an American prosecutor, author, and television correspondent. She was the prosecutor in the O. J. Simpson murder case. Clark was born in Alameda, California, the daughter of Rozlyn Kleks and Abraham Kleks and she was raised in an Orthodox Jewish family. She has a brother by six years who became an engineer. Due to Abrahams job with the FDA, the family moved many times, living in California, New York, Michigan and Maryland. She graduated from Susan E. Wagner High School, a high school in the Manor Heights section of Staten Island, New York City. She graduated from the University of California, Los Angeles, in 1976 with a degree in political science, Clark was admitted to the State Bar of California in 1979. She was in practice and worked as a public defender for the city of Los Angeles before becoming a prosecutor in 1981. She worked as a deputy district attorney for Los Angeles County, California, Clark is best remembered as the lead prosecutor in the 1995 trial seeking to convict O. J. Simpson for the double murder of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ron Goldman. Prior to this trial, her prosecution was in 1991. In his book Outrage, The Five Reasons Why O. J. Simpson Got Away with Murder, Clark said that the media attention she received during the trial was the hell of the trial, calling herself famous in a way that was kind of terrifying. Initially described as grim, humorless, even angry by the media, Clark was advised by a consultant to talk softer, dress softer. She subsequently received a permanent wave, and the Los Angeles Times described her as looking like Sigourney Weaver, the New York Times commented that The transformation was not entirely seamless. At times Ms. Clark lurched between her new and former self, showing signs of formality and stiffness. Resigning after the O. J. Simpson case, Clark left trial practice behind, with Teresa Carpenter, she wrote a book about the Simpson case, Without a Doubt, in a deal reported to be worth $4.2 million. Since the Simpson trial, Clark has made appearances on television including being a special correspondent for Entertainment Tonight. She provided coverage of trials and reported from the red carpet at awards shows such as the Emmy Awards. She was a guest attorney on the television series Power of Attorney and was also featured on Headline News
14.
Al Gore
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Albert Arnold Al Gore Jr. is an American politician and environmentalist who served as the 45th Vice President of the United States from 1993 to 2001 under President Bill Clinton. He was Clintons running mate in their campaign in 1992. At the end of Clintons second term, Gore was picked as the Democratic nominee for the 2000 presidential election, after leaving office, Gore remained prominent as an author and environmental activist, whose work in climate change activism earned him the Nobel Peace Prize in 2007. Gore was an official for 24 years. He was a Congressman from Tennessee and from 1985 to 1993 served as one of the states Senators and he served as Vice President during the Clinton administration from 1993 to 2001. In the 2000 presidential election, in what was one of the closest presidential races in history, Gore won the popular vote but lost in the Electoral College to Republican George W. Bush. A controversial election dispute over a vote recount in Florida was settled by the U. S. Supreme Court, and a senior adviser to Google. Gore is also a partner in the capital firm Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers. He has served as a professor at Middle Tennessee State University, Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism, Fisk University. He served on the Board of Directors of World Resources Institute, Gore was also the subject of the Academy Award-winning documentary An Inconvenient Truth in 2006. In 2007, he was named a runner-up for Times 2007 Person of the Year, Gore was born in Washington, D. C. the second of two children of Albert Gore Sr. a U. S. Representative who later served for 18 years as U. S, Senator from Tennessee, and Pauline Gore, one of the first women to graduate from Vanderbilt University Law School. Gore is partly descended from Scots-Irish immigrants who first settled in Virginia in the mid-17th-century and his older sister Nancy LaFon Gore, who was born in 1938, died of lung cancer in 1984. During the school year he lived with his family in The Fairfax Hotel in the Embassy Row section in Washington D. C, during the summer months, he worked on the family farm in Carthage, Tennessee, where the Gores grew tobacco and hay and raised cattle. Gore attended St. Albans School, an independent college preparatory day and boarding school for boys in Washington, D. C. from 1956 to 1965, a prestigious feeder school for the Ivy League. He was the captain of the team, threw discus for the track and field team, and participated in basketball, art. He graduated 25th in his class of 51, applied to one college, Harvard. Gore met Mary Elizabeth Tipper Aitcheson from the nearby St. Agnes School at his St. Albans senior prom in 1965
15.
If I Did It
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Simpson was acquitted of the murders in a criminal trial but later was found financially liable in a civil trial. The book was due to be published by ReganBooks, an imprint of HarperCollins. It was originally planned that the book would be promoted via a special featuring an interview with Simpson on Fox Broadcasting Company. This special had the title, O. J. Simpson, If I Did It. However, like the release of the book, the special was canceled. In August 2007, a Florida bankruptcy court awarded the rights to the book to the Goldman family to satisfy the civil judgment. The books title was changed to If I Did It, Confessions of the Killer, comments were added to the original manuscript by the Goldman family, the books ghostwriter Pablo Fenjves, and journalist Dominick Dunne. The new cover design printed the word If greatly reduced in size compared with the other words, norman Pardo, Simpsons former manager, told the Huffington Post the book was written by a ghostwriter without Simpsons involvement. Rather, Simpson had accepted, against Pardos advice, $600,000 from the publisher ReganBooks and its parent company NewsCorp to say he had written the book and to conduct an associated TV interview. Pardo told the Huffington Post that Simpson had rationalized, Hey, they offered me $600,000 not to dispute that I the book, I said, Theyre going to think you wrote it. Everybody thinks Im a murderer anyway, Theyre not going to change their mind just because of a book. The books ghostwriter Pablo Fenjves responded to the claim, saying the book is based on discussions with Simpson. The first part of the If I Did It manuscript details Simpsons early relationship with Nicole, the latter part of the manuscript describes details of the events on June 12,1994 and about the murders as they would have occurred had Simpson committed them. However, Simpsons attorney said there is only one chapter that deals with their deaths. In Simpsons hypothetical scenario, he has an accomplice named Charlie who tells him to stop the murders. The book was announced in The National Enquirer in late October 2006. The book was formally announced some weeks later in mid-November 2006 for release on November 30,2006. Intense public criticism led to the cancellation of the books publication, according to a Newsweek story, all 400,000 printed copies were recalled for pulping, except for one, locked away in a vault at News Corp
16.
Globe (tabloid)
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In 1978 it changed its name to the Midnight Globe after its publisher, Globe Communications, and eventually changed its name to Globe. The newspaper, as well as most of its rivals, is now owned by American Media Inc. and is published out of American Medias headquarters in Boca Raton, Globe covers a widespread range of topics, including politics, celebrity news, human interest and high-profile crime stories. It recently led the fight to try to save TVs All My Children, the same pulling occurred in Boulder, Colorado in 1997, when autopsy photos of JonBenét Ramsey were published in the tabloid, though one local retailer retained stock of that edition. American Media bought parent Globe Communications in 1999, in 2003, Globe caused controversy by publishing the name of Kobe Bryants accuser and putting her picture on its cover. Traditionally, media in the United States have refrained from revealing the names of alleged victims of sex crimes, Globe Editor-in-Chief Jeffrey Rodack defended the magazines decision to publish her name in an article for the Poynter Journalism Institute. Earlier, Globe had named the accuser in the William Kennedy Smith rape case, the paper also printed the transcribed tapes of Frank Giffords affair at a New York City hotel, cheating on his wife, Kathie Lee Gifford. Globe has a tendency to focus on news and political-oriented content than its sister papers. It published deathbed photos of Gary Coleman on June 9,2010, entertainer Debbie Reynolds joined Globe in 2010 as the magazines advice columnist. Her column was replaced by Jeffrey Rodacks Straight Talk. Rodacks column now is published only on JeffRodack. com, in 2001, the offices of American Media in Boca Raton, Florida, were attacked with anthrax. A photo editor with The Sun, a publication to Globe, died from exposure to it. Official website - Globe tabloid web site
17.
Defamation
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Under common law, to constitute defamation, a claim must generally be false and must have been made to someone other than the person defamed. Some common law jurisdictions also distinguish between spoken defamation, called slander, and defamation in other such as printed words or images. False light laws protect against statements which are not technically false, in some civil law jurisdictions, defamation is treated as a crime rather than a civil wrong. A person who defames another may be called a defamer, libeler, slanderer, or, rarely, the common law origins of defamation lie in the torts of slander, each of which gives a common law right of action. Defamation is the term used internationally, and is used in this article where it is not necessary to distinguish between slander and libel. Libel and slander both require publication, the fundamental distinction between libel and slander lies solely in the form in which the defamatory matter is published. If the offending material is published in some fleeting form, as by words or sounds, sign language, gestures or the like. Libel is defined as defamation by written or printed words, pictures, the law of libel originated in the 17th century in England. With the growth of publication came the growth of libel and development of the tort of libel, an early example of libel is the case of John Peter Zenger in 1735. Zenger was hired to publish New York Weekly Journal, when he printed another mans article that criticized William Cosby, who was then British Royal Governor of Colonial New York, Zenger was accused of Seditious Libel. Another example of libel is the case of New York Times Co. v. Sullivan, there are several ways a person must go about proving that libel has taken place. For example, in the United States, the person must prove that the statement was false, caused harm and these steps are for an ordinary citizen. Many nations have criminal penalties for defamation in some situations, there can be regional statutes that may differ from the national norm. For example, in the United States, defamation is generally limited to the living, however, there are nine states that have criminal statutes regarding defamation of the dead. Early cases of criminal defamation Questions of group libel have been appearing in law for hundreds of years. One of the earliest known cases of a defendant being tried for defamation of a group was the case of Rex v. Orme and Nutt. In this case, the found that the defendant was guilty of libeling several subjects. Since the jury was unable to identify the people who were being defamed
18.
New York Post
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New York Post is an American daily newspaper, primarily distributed in New York City and its surrounding area. It is the 13th-oldest and seventh-most-widely circulated newspaper in the United States, established in 1801 by federalist and Founding Father Alexander Hamilton, it became a respected broadsheet in the 19th century, under the name New York Evening Post. The modern version of the paper is published in tabloid format, in 1976, Rupert Murdoch bought Post for US$30.5 million. Since 1993, Post has been owned by News Corporation and its successor, News Corp and its editorial offices are located at 1211 Avenue of the Americas. New York Post, established on November 16,1801 as New-York Evening Post, the Hartford Courant, believed to be the oldest continuously published newspaper, was founded in 1764 as a semi-weekly paper, it did not begin publishing daily until 1836. The New Hampshire Gazette, which has trademarked its claim of being The Nations Oldest Newspaper, was founded in 1756, moreover, since the 1890s it has been published only for weekends. Post was founded by Alexander Hamilton with about US$10,000 from a group of investors in the autumn of 1801 as New-York Evening Post, the meeting at which Hamilton first recruited investors for the new paper took place in the then-country weekend villa that is now Gracie Mansion. Hamilton chose William Coleman as his first editor, the most famous 19th-century New-York Evening Post editor was the poet and abolitionist William Cullen Bryant. So well respected was New-York Evening Post under Bryants editorship, it received praise from the English philosopher John Stuart Mill, in the summer of 1829, Bryant invited William Leggett, the Locofoco Democrat, to write for the paper. There, in addition to literary and drama reviews, Leggett began to write political editorials, leggetts classical liberal philosophy entailed a fierce opposition to central banking, a support for voluntary labor unions, and a dedication to laissez-faire economics. He was a member of the Equal Rights Party, Leggett became a co-owner and editor at Post in 1831, eventually working as sole editor of the newspaper while Bryant traveled in Europe in 1834 through 1835. Another co-owner of the paper was John Bigelow, from 1849 to 1861, he was one of the editors and co-owners of New York Evening Post. In 1881 Henry Villard took control of New-York Evening Post, as well as The Nation, with this acquisition, the paper was managed by the triumvirate of Carl Schurz, Horace White, and Edwin L. Godkin. When Schurz left the paper in 1883, Godkin became editor-in-chief, White became editor-in-chief in 1899, and remained in that role until his retirement in 1903. Villard sold the paper in 1918, after allegations of pro-German sympathies during World War I hurt its circulation. The new owner was Thomas Lamont, a partner in the Wall Street firm of J. P. Morgan & Co. Conservative Cyrus H. K. Curtis—publisher of the Ladies Home Journal—purchased New-York Evening Post in 1924, in 1934, J. David Stern purchased the paper, changed its name to New York Post, and restored its broadsheet size and liberal perspective. In 1939, Dorothy Schiff purchased the paper and her husband, George Backer, was named editor and publisher
19.
Cindy Adams
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Cynthia Cindy Adams is an American gossip columnist and writer. She is the widow of comedian/humorist Joey Adams, born an only child in New York City, Adams was one year old when her parents divorced. Her mother, Jessica Sugar, worked as a secretary for the New York City Water Department and was a single parent until her remarriage to insurance agent Harry Heller. Adams grew up in Washington Heights, Manhattan and Jamaica Estates and she attended Andrew Jackson High School without graduating. Adams began to work as a model in Manhattan, and met her future husband, Joey Adams, a year later. They married on Valentines Day 1952, and had no children, Joey died in 1999, following a long illness. Since 1979, Adams has written a column for the New York Post. In 1965, she co-wrote an English-language autobiography of Indonesias President Sukarno, in 1975, Adams published a biography of Jolie Gabor, the mother of the Gabor sisters. Among those whom she interviewed in 1970 was Mohammad-Rezā Pahlavi, the shah of Iran, Adams later became friendly with Imelda Marcos, the controversial widow of former Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos. Adams became a newspaper columnist in 1981. In 1990, Adams served as a panelist on To Tell the Truth, after her husband died in 1999, Adams developed a love for dogs. Jazzy, her Yorkshire Terrier, trailed her in public and became a celebrity himself. Adams and Jazzy would often together at New York Citys finest restaurants. Adams dresses her dogs in expensive clothes and jewelry. She wrote a memoir about Jazzy, The Gift of Jazzy, one weekend, Adams put Jazzy in a kennel in upstate New York when she left the city. By the time she returned Jazzy had died and she had a necropsy performed, which showed E. coli bacteria in the dogs system. In an article published in The New York Times, Adams was quoted as saying, I would lie on my stomach in the kitchen and hand-feed him kosher chicken. We would go to Le Cirque and eat off of Limoges porcelain, where would he get E. coli
20.
Fox Broadcasting Company
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The Fox Broadcasting Company is an American commercial broadcast television network that is owned by the Fox Entertainment Group subsidiary of 21st Century Fox. It is the third largest major network in the world based on total revenues, assets. Launched on October 9,1986 as a competitor to the Big Three television networks, Fox and its affiliated companies operate many entertainment channels in international markets, although these do not necessarily air the same programming as the U. S. network. Most viewers in Canada have access to at least one U. S, the network is named after sister company 20th Century Fox, and indirectly for producer William Fox, who founded one of the movie studios predecessors, Fox Film. Fox is a member of the North American Broadcasters Association and the National Association of Broadcasters, 20th Century Fox had been involved in television production as early as the 1950s, producing several syndicated programs. Following the demise of the DuMont Television Network in August of that year after it became mired in financial problems. 20th Century Fox would also produce original content for the NTA network, KTTV in Los Angeles, KRIV in Houston, WFLD-TV in Chicago, and KRLD-TV in Dallas. In October 1985, 20th Century Fox announced its intentions to form a television network that would compete with ABC, CBS. The plans were to use the combination of the Fox studios, organizational plans for the network were held off until the Metromedia acquisitions cleared regulatory hurdles. Then, in December 1985, Rupert Murdoch agreed to pay $325 million to acquire the remaining equity in TCF Holdings from his original partner, Marvin Davis. These first six stations, then broadcasting to a reach of 22% of the nations households. Except for KDAF, all of the original owned-and-operated stations are part of the Fox network today. Like the core O&O group, Foxs affiliate body consisted of independent stations. The Fox Broadcasting Company launched at 11,00 p. m. Eastern and its inaugural program was a late-night talk show, The Late Show, which was hosted by comedian Joan Rivers. By early 1987, Rivers quit The Late Show after disagreements with the network over the creative direction. The network expanded its programming into prime time on April 5,1987, with Children and the sketch comedy series The Tracey Ullman Show. Fox added one new show per week over the several weeks, with the drama 21 Jump Street. On July 11, the network rolled out its Saturday night schedule with the premiere of the drama series Werewolf
21.
Mad TV
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Mad TV is an American comedy sketch television series originally inspired by Mad magazine. Its first TV broadcast was on October 14,1995, the one-hour show first-ran on Saturday nights on Fox, and was in syndication on Comedy Central. In Australia, the screens on satellite and cable TV channel The Comedy Channel and in late-night timeslots on free-to-air broadcaster the Nine Network. Mad TV was created by Fax Bahr and Adam Small, the series was originally produced by Bahr/Small Productions and Quincy Jones/David Salzman Entertainment. After Bahr and Small left the series at the end of the third season, the series was directed by Bruce Leddy, as well as David Grossman, and Amanda Bearse. On November 12,2008, Fox announced that Mad TVs 14th season would be its last, David Salzman said that he would be exploring the continuation of the show on another channel, possibly cable. In early 2009, the show was moved to air after Talkshow with Spike Feresten, the series finale aired on May 16,2009. The show was nominated for 35 Emmy awards, winning five, and was succeeded by an animated sketch comedy series, MAD. On December 11,2015, it was reported that the series would be returning for a special on The CW to celebrate the series 20th anniversary. A large portion of the original cast returned, on April 11,2016, The CW announced that it was reviving the show for an 8-episode season to air in primetime. On June 15,2016, the season was confirmed by The CW to begin airing July 26 at 9 p. m, Mad TV was taped in front of a live audience and consisted of sketches, cartoon shorts, and musical performances. Much of its comedy parodied popular television shows, movies and music, as well as topical, political, warner Home Video released The Complete First Season of Mad TV in 2004. However, due to sales, the release of the second season was cancelled. Mad TV, The Best of Seasons 8,9, and 10 was released in 2005, on November 5,2012, it was announced that Shout. Factory had acquired the rights to the series and they subsequently announced that they would release the second season on DVD on March 22,2013. The third season was released on June 25,2013 and the season was released on November 12,2013. Originally, reruns of Mad TV aired as 30-minute reruns on local TV stations, the cable channel TNN aired the first six seasons of Mad TV from 1999 to 2001. Comedy Central soon picked up the show after its package of Saturday Night Live reruns was acquired by the E
22.
HBO
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Home Box Office is an American premium cable and satellite television network that is owned by Time Warner through its respective flagship company Home Box Office, Inc. HBO is the oldest and longest continuously operating pay television service in the United States, in 2014, HBO had an adjusted operating income of US$1.79 billion, compared to the US$1.68 billion it accrued in 2013. HBO has 49 million subscribers in the United States and 130 million worldwide as of 2016, the network provides seven 24-hour multiplex channels, including HBO Comedy, HBO Latino, HBO Signature and HBO Family. It launched the streaming service HBO Now in April 2015, and has over 2 million subscribers in the United States as of February 2017. In addition to its U. S. subscriber base, HBO distributes content in at least 151 countries, HBO subscribers generally pay for an extra tier of service that includes other cable- and satellite-exclusive channels even before paying for the channel itself. Cable providers can require the use of a converter box – usually digital – in order to receive HBO, many HBO programs have been syndicated to other networks and broadcast television stations, and a number of HBO-produced series and films have been released on DVD. The new system, which Dolan named Sterling Information Services, became the first urban underground cable system in the United States. In that same year, Time-Life, Inc. purchased a 20% stake in Dolans company, in the summer of 1971, while on a family vacation in France, Charles Dolan began to think of ideas to make Sterling Manhattan profitable. He came up with the concept for a television service. Dolan later presented his idea to Time-Life management, though satellite distribution seemed only a distant possibility at the time, he persuaded Time-Life to back him on the project. To gauge whether consumers would be interested in subscribing to a pay television service, in a meeting of Dolan and some Time-Life executives who were working on the project, various other names were discussed for the new service. Home Box Office launched on November 8,1972, however, HBOs launch came without fanfare in the press, as it was not covered by any local or national media outlets. Home Box Office distributed its first sports event immediately after the film, Four months later in February 1973, Home Box Office aired its first television special, the Pennsylvania Polka Festival. Home Box Office would use a network of relay towers to distribute its programming to cable systems throughout its service area. Sterling Manhattan Cable continued to lose money because the company had only a small base of 20,000 customers in Manhattan. Time-Life dropped the Sterling name and the company was renamed Manhattan Cable Television under Time-Lifes control in March 1973, Gerald Levin, who had been with Home Box Office since it began operations as its vice president of programming, replaced Dolan as the companys president and chief executive officer. In September 1973, Time-Life, Inc. completed its acquisition of the pay service. HBO would eventually increase its fortunes within two years, by April 1975, the service had around 100,000 subscribers in Pennsylvania and New York state, in 1974, they settled on using a geostationary communications satellite to transmit HBO to cable providers throughout the United States
23.
National Lampoon's Dorm Daze 2
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National Lampoons Dorm Daze 2 is a 2006 American mystery comedy film and the sequel to National Lampoon Presents Dorm Daze. Chris Owen and Danielle Fishel reprised their roles from the original along with Tony Denman, James DeBello, Patrick Cavanaugh, Marieh Delfino, Jennifer Lyons, and Gable Carr. Added to the ensemble are Vida Guerra, Charles Shaughnessy, Richard Riehle, Jasmin St. Claire, the film was directed by the brothers David and Scott Hillenbrand and written by Patrick Casey and Worm Miller. The music of UK Swing Band Dominic Halpin and the Honey Bs is featured in this film along with the score composed by David Hillenbrand, Dorm Daze 2 unfolds during a Semester-at-Sea-type cruise in the Caribbean. The class from Billingsly University are trying to put on a play to win a contest Sexy and scheming Gerri, newmar is trying to have sex with his Christian girlfriend. Rusty is just trying to have sex with anything he can, the creepy Dante runs around planning all sorts of nefarious schemes. Meanwhile a priceless jewel is loose on the boat and everyone is after it. The film was shot on location in California, the primary location for the shoot being the Queen Mary docked in the harbor off Long Beach. Dorm Daze 2 had its premiere screening at the Directors Guild of America Building in Hollywood on June 14,2006, the film was released on DVD September 5,2006. It debuted at number 28 on the U. S. rental box office bringing in $790,000 in its first five days. A third film was planned but was reworked into what became Transylmania, official website National Lampoons Dorm Daze 2 at the Internet Movie Database
24.
Reality television
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It differs from documentary television in that the focus tends to be on drama, personal conflict, and entertainment rather than educating viewers. The genre has various standard tropes, including confessionals used by cast members to express their thoughts, an early example of the genre was the 1991 Dutch series Nummer 28, which was the first show to bring together strangers and record their interactions. It then exploded as a phenomenon in the late 1990s and early 2000s with the success of the series Survivor, Idols. These shows and a number of others became global franchises, spawning local versions in dozens of countries, Reality television as a whole has become a fixture of television programming. There are grey areas around what is classified as reality television, Reality television has faced significant criticism since its rise in popularity. Much of the criticism has centered on the use of the word reality, Television formats portraying ordinary people in unscripted situations are almost as old as the television medium itself. Precedents for television that portrayed people in unscripted situations began in the late 1940s, queen for a Day was an early example of reality-based television. The 1946 television game show Cash and Carry sometimes featured contestants performing stunts, debuting in 1948, Allen Funts hidden camera show Candid Camera broadcast unsuspecting ordinary people reacting to pranks. In 1948, talent search shows Ted Macks Original Amateur Hour and Arthur Godfreys Talent Scouts featured amateur competitors, in the 1950s, game shows Beat the Clock and Truth or Consequences involved contestants in wacky competitions, stunts, and practical jokes. Confession was a show which aired from June 1958 to January 1959. The radio series Nightwatch tape-recorded the daily activities of Culver City, the series You Asked for It incorporated audience involvement by basing episodes around requests sent in by postcard from viewers. First broadcast in the United Kingdom in 1964, the Granada Television documentary Seven Up, broadcast interviews with a dozen ordinary 7-year-olds from a broad cross-section of society and inquired about their reactions to everyday life. Every seven years, a film documented the life of the same individuals during the period, titled the Up Series, episodes include 7 Plus Seven,21 Up. The program was structured as a series of interviews with no element of plot, however, it did have the then-new effect of turning ordinary people into celebrities. The first reality show in the modern sense may have been the series The American Sportsman, Another precursor may be considered Mutual of Omahas Wild Kingdom which aired from 1963 through 1988. This show featured zoologist Marlin Perkins traveling across the globe and illustrating the variety of animal life on the planet. Though mostly a travelogue, it was popular in syndication and new episodes were produced through the eighties. The 12-part 1973 PBS series An American Family showed a nuclear family going through a divorce, unlike many later reality shows, it was more or less documentary in purpose and style
25.
Sunset Tan
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Sunset Tan is an American reality television on E. and debuted on May 28,2007. The series chronicles the lives of the managers and employees of a salon in Los Angeles called Sunset Tan. On April 3,2008, E. renewed the series for a second, despite fair ratings, a third season was not renewed by E. Janelle is ultimately selected for the position. By the end of the first season, Holly and Molly are allegedly fired after throwing a party at Jeffs house while he was out of town. However, at the beginning of the season after the girls have a meeting with Devin and Jeff. Devin Haman, one of the founders and owners of the Sunset Tan salon, Jeff Bozz, one of the founders and owners of the Sunset Tan salon. The Olly Girls, aka company promoters Holly Huddleston and Molly Shea, erin Tietsort, manager of the Santa Monica store, originally from Oklahoma. Nick DAnna, the manager of the West Hollywood store, Janelle Perry, manager of the Santa Monica store, and eventually the Las Vegas location. Adam Ouf, best friend to most of the staff, as well as star sales employee for Sunset Tan. He also works on PR & Marketing campaigns for the companies E. TV show, ania Migdal, Nicks girlfriend and sales associate. Heidi Cortez, the new girl joining Sunset Tan who previously opened her own salon in Reno, heidi is a successful model, author & radio host. Controversy arose as her fellow cast members question whether or not she is qualified for the job and she quits Sunset Tan in the beginning of Season 2. s Keeping Up with the Kardashians. Mario Lopez Candice Michelle, Former WWE Diva Tito Ortiz, mixed martial artist, daniel Puder Shauna Sand-Lamas, Playboy Playmate and ex-wife of Lorenzo Lamas. Both seasons have been released uncensored by Shock Records in Australia, the show was also available to download on iTunes and Amazon on October 30,2007. Sunset Tan Homepage Sunset Tan at the Internet Movie Database Sunset Tan at TV. com Fan Website The sexiest place to work in Vegas, Sunset Tan co-founder Devin Haman talks drama and skin
26.
Comedy Central
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Comedy Central is an American basic cable and satellite television channel owned by Viacom Global Entertainment Group, a unit of the Viacom Media Networks division of Viacom. The channel carries comedy programming, in the form of original and syndicated series and stand-up comedy specials, as well as feature films. The international channels are operated by Viacom International Media Networks, as of February 2015, approximately 93,992,000 American households receive Comedy Central. On November 15,1989, Time Warner, owners of HBO, on April 1,1990, Viacom launched a rival channel called Ha. that featured reruns of situation comedies and some original sketch comedy. The Comedy Channels programs were broadcast from the HBO Downtown Studios at 120 East 23rd Street in Manhattan, the format prior to the merger with Ha. In the early days, certain hours of the day when clips were shown without host segments were dubbed Short Attention Span Theater, in 1990, hosts under this title, Jon Stewart and Patty Rosborough, were introduced. Comedian Marc Maron also hosted the series, Viacom bought out Time Warners half in April 2003 for $1.23 billion. LLC, the subsidiary that owned Ha. and Viacoms original half of the network, with the exception of the cult favorite Mystery Science Theater 3000, the channel had a relatively small viewership. A notable early success was Politically Incorrect with Bill Maher, which after showing promise on Comedy Central was quickly snapped up by ABC. Additionally, The Daily Show had got its start with original host Craig Kilborn, dr. Katz, Professional Therapist was also a notable original program from this era, as well as the game show Win Ben Steins Money. Successful non-original programming included Canadian comedy group The Kids in the Hall and British shows such as the U. K. edition of Whose Line Is It Anyway. some later seasons of AbFab, as it was informally known, were partially financed by Comedy Central. Comedy Central also had the rights to broadcast reruns of Seattles Almost Live. The channel made a breakthrough when South Park premiered in 1997, being the first major basic cable show to carry the TV-MA rating for mature audiences, the show was too controversial to be picked up by a mainstream network. As word of mouth spread, the number of people who requested that Comedy Central be added to their cable providers increased, on November 13,2000, Comedy Central introduced a modernized version of its globe logo, by straightening the buildings and removing the transmitter. The management of the said that the transmitter of the 1991 logo was said to communicate the 1950s broadcast era. In 2002, Comedy Central Records was formed as a means of releasing albums by comedians that have appeared on the network, since 2003, Comedy Central has created a tradition of roasting comedians in the style of the New York Friars Club roasts. During these roasts, friends of the roastee, along other comedians, take turns making fun of the roastee, the other roasters. The success of South Park, despite its mature content, encouraged the network to continue to push the limits on adult language, every Saturday and Sunday morning at 1 a. m
27.
Fox Reality Channel
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It was launched on May 24,2005 and was owned by the Fox Entertainment Group. It featured many shows that were originally on the Fox network, Fox Reality Channel also featured reality shows syndicated from other networks, as well as many international shows from the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand. In October 2009, it was announced that Fox Reality Channel would be discontinued on most providers on March 29,2010 and re-branded as an American version of Nat Geo Wild. On that date, the old website was taken down and redirected to its archived programming on Hulu. com. Nat Geo Wild was launched on Dish Network on April 19,2010, direcTV removed Fox Reality and added Nat Geo Wild on June 30,2010. The program premiered in May 2007, and is shared with sister broadcast network MyNetworkTV, American Idol Extra, The official aftershow of the immensely popular American Idol. This show includes behind-the-scenes footage and interviews with contestants who have been eliminated, battle of the Bods, is a reality show in which five girls rank themselves in order of attractiveness and try to match the rankings of a panel of male judges. The program premiered January 19,2008, busted and Disgusted is an original series bringing viewers clips of the most outrageous behavior caught on camera. The show premiered on April 1,2009, friends who participated in this event included Toni Ferrari, Rebecca Cardon, Brennan Swain, Coral Smith, Nikki McKibbin, Michelle Deighton, and Jon Jonny Fairplay Dalton. Corkscrewed, follows American Idol producers Ken Warwick and Nigel Lythgoe as they purchase a vineyard in Paso Robles, California, the program premiered on November 30,2006. Has a group of seven former celebrities compete to win their own reality show, househusbands of Hollywood, follows the lives of five men who manage households in families in which their wives earn the majority of the household income. The 10-episode series premiered on Saturday, August 15,2009, long Way Down, profiles actor Ewan McGregor as he bikes through 18 countries, riding from John o Groats in Scotland to Cape Town in South Africa. Rob and Amber, Against the Odds, follows the lives of reality couple Rob Mariano and my Bare Lady, gives adult film stars the opportunity to try out different careers. The program premiered on December 7,2006, paradise Hotel 2, follows a group of single men and women who live together for a period in an exclusive resort. The program premiered February 4,2008 and was shared by MyNetworkTV, seducing Cindy, follows Cindy Margolis, once the most downloaded woman on the Internet, as she searches for a new love. The program premiered on January 30,2010 at 9, 00PM Eastern/8, solitary, turns the concept of solitary confinement into a game show. The program, which features an unseen host presiding over treatments, or challenges, the Search for the Next Elvira,13 contestants vie for the chance to become Elviras newest handmaiden of the dark in a Fox Reality Channel original series. The program premiered on October 13,2007, sex Decoy, Love Stings, set inside the private life and professional world of Sandra Hope and Mate Check Private Investigations
28.
Game show
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Alternatively, a gameshow can be a demonstrative program about a game. In the former, contestants may be invited from a pool of public applicants, on some shows, contestants compete against other players or another team, while other shows involve contestants playing alone for a reward or a high score. Game shows often reward players with prizes such as cash, trips and goods and services provided by the shows sponsor prize suppliers, One of the reasons that television broadcasters make game shows is because they are substantially less costly than producing scripted drama shows. Some TV game shows fall under the category of reality television, Television game shows descended from similar programs on radio. The very first television show, Spelling Bee, was broadcast in 1938. Truth or Consequences was the first game show to air on commercially licensed television and its first episode aired in 1941 as an experimental broadcast. Over the course of the 1950s, as began to pervade the popular culture. Daytime game shows would be played for lower stakes to target stay-at-home housewives, higher-stakes programs would air in primetime. During the late 1950s, high-stakes games such as Twenty One, however, the rise of quiz shows proved to be short-lived. In 1959, many of the higher stakes game shows were discovered to be rigged, an early variant of the game show, the panel game, survived the quiz show scandals. On shows like Whats My Line, ive Got A Secret and To Tell The Truth, panels of celebrities would interview a guest in an effort to determine some fact about them, in others, celebrities would answer questions. Panel games had success in primetime until the late 1960s, when they were dropped from television because of their perceived “low budget” nature. Panel games made a comeback in American daytime television in the 1970s through comedy-driven shows such as Match Game, mock the Week, QI and 8 Out of 10 Cats, all of which put a heavy emphasis on comedy, leaving the points as mere formalities. The focus on quick-witted comedians has resulted in ratings, which. Game shows remained a fixture of US daytime television through the 1960s after the quiz show scandals, lower-stakes games made a slight comeback in daytime in the early 1960s, examples include Jeopardy. Which began in 1964 and the version of The Match Game first aired in 1962. Lets Make a Deal began in 1963 and the 1960s also marked the debut of Hollywood Squares, Password, The Dating Game, though CBS gave up on daytime game shows in 1968, the other networks did not follow suit. Color television was introduced to the game genre in the late 1960s on all three networks
29.
Russian Roulette (game show)
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Russian Roulette is an American game show created by executive producer Gunnar Wetterberg that ran for two seasons on Game Show Network from June 3,2002 to June 13,2003. The Russian Roulette set consists of a circle with six trapdoors, the four contestants are each given $150 at the beginning of the episode, and questions in the first round are all worth that same amount. The number of red lights on the field indicates the number of active drop zones, at the start of the round there is only one drop zone active. After each additional question, another drop zone is added, increasing the odds that the contestant will be eliminated after providing an incorrect answer, from the fifth question onward, there are always five drop zones. One contestant is shown a question and must challenge an opponent to answer it, the challengee is then shown three possible answers and has 10 seconds to choose the right answer. If they are correct, that contestant wins $150 and becomes the challenger for the next question. If they guess incorrectly, they lose all their money to the challenger, the round ends when a contestant drops and is eliminated. If time expires before this happens, one contestant is eliminated at random via one final handle pull at the center of the stage, the contestant with the highest score is granted immunity from the drop by coming to the center of the stage to pull the handle. If there is a tie for the lead, host Walberg pulls the lever himself, the eliminated contestants money is distributed evenly among the remaining three contestants. The second round is played similarly to the first, with the three remaining contestants answering questions valued at $200 each, and questions now having four possible answers, in round three, the two remaining contestants face off with questions valued at $300 or $250. Play is similar to rounds 1 and 2, except that the player who first hears the question may elect to answer it themselves or challenge their opponent, at the conclusion of round 3, the remaining contestant keeps all their money and goes to the bonus round. The winning contestant is moved to the zone and has 60 seconds to answer five brain-teaser questions referred to by the host as Five Killer Questions correctly. These usually consist of word jumbles, math problems and general-knowledge questions, the timer begins ticking while the host asks the first question. After every ten seconds, one drop zone opens on the playfield, if time runs out or the contestant at any time gives an incorrect answer, he or she drops, but receives $500 for every correct answer. The contestant has the option to pass on a question and return to it if time allows, also, the contestant must say My answer is. Before their answer so that thinking aloud is not mistaken for an answer, the endgame is similar to the first version, except the contestant must answer 10 multiple-choice questions correctly in 60 seconds in order to win $10,000. The timer only starts ticking after the first question has been read by Wahlberg, if the contestant fails, he/she drops and receives an additional $300 for every correct answer given. Saying My answer is before the answer is no longer required, as before, should all 10 questions be answered correctly, the clock stops, and the contestant then has the option of risking the $10,000 for a final pull
30.
Annie Wood
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Annie Wood is an American film, television and voice-over actress, host and writer, who was born in Los Angeles and is best known as the bubbly host of the nationally syndicated dating game show Bzzz. She was recently sister-in-law to Cameron Diaz in My Sisters Keeper and appeared in the role of sexy and her television credits include ER, Joey, NYPD Blue, Becker, Costello, Strong Medicine and Disneys Thats So Raven. Annie also has a cult following from her lead role in 1995 female prison movie Cellblock Sisters. She appeared as guest on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, Annie Wood performed stand-up comedy at The Improv in Los Angeles following Jerry Seinfeld, and has authored a book of short stories, “Where Would I Be Without Me. Stories, Scenes and Significant Others, ” reflecting her observations on love, life, Annie is a produced playwright and a screenwriter. Her award winning screenplay, Martins Theory was recently an official selection in the Beverly Hills Film Festival, Annie Wood is married to writer/actor, Peter Arpesella, and is often confused with theatre director and playwright Annie Cusick Wood, wife of actor Henry Ian Cusick. Wood is the founder of the website, www. dogoodstuff. org
31.
Hedonism Resorts
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Hedonism II is an adults only vacation resort in Jamaica, owned and operated by Marshmallow Ltd, headed by Harry Lange. The resort has areas reserved for naturism and it is known for its liberal culture, as of 2012, only Hedonism II is in operation. There was never a Hedonism I, and Hedonism III closed in 2010, Hedonism II opened in 1976 as Negril Beach Village and was given its current name in 1982. The resort was built by the Government of Jamaica at a cost of $10 million, the resort occupies 22 acres at the northern end of Negril beach and has 280 rooms in two-story buildings. A 50% interest in the hotel was bought by the SuperClubs in 1989, SuperClubs purchased the remaining 50% of the resort in 1999 from the Financial Sector Adjustment Company Limited, a unit of the Government of Jamaica, for $12.25 million. Hedonism III opened in 1999 in Runaway Bay, the resort was built on 10 acres and contained 225 rooms in 3-story buildings. On May 12,2010, the announced that Hedonism III would close in August 2010 to allow for the resort to be remodeled. The resort re-opened on October 14,2010, as SuperFun Beach Resort, SuperFun Beach Resort entered receivership in March 2011 and closed in June 2011. While an adult-only resort, SuperFun did not allow topless or nude sunbathing but charged for premium liquor, the property was leased to SuperClubs by the Development Bank of Jamaica. The hotels first-ranked secured lenders are Caribbean Development Bank, PanCaribbean, the resort lives up to its reputation most during periods when tour companies catering to swingers book huge blocks of rooms. Public nudity is illegal in Jamaica, but the laws are not enforced, a nude wedding of eight couples in 2001 at Hedonism III caused protests by the government tourist office and radio talk show hosts, who called the event improper and offensive. In February 2003,29 couples were involved in another round of nude weddings at the Hedonism III resort, Hedonism resorts host nudist and swingers conventions. It has been alleged that open sex is common, including in the hot tubs at night, however, SuperClubs owner John Issa said that he was not aware of this. Issa also declared that he was not running a whorehouse and that, to his knowledge, Issa sued two employees of Unique Vacations in Miami, Florida, over e-mails sent in 2007 and 2008 which he claimed contained defamatory statements about activities at Hedonism Resorts. Issa sought damages of an amount for what he feels are false. John Issa was also alleged to have promoted bi-sexual activities at his Hedonism III resort, in September 2009, Hedonism Resorts lost a WIPO trial against Relevansanalys related to the registration of the Internet domain name hedonismhotels. com. In the Dwights Speech episode of The Office, Kevin Malone suggests that Jim Halpert go to Hedonism for a vacation and he describes it as like Club Med, but everything is naked. In season 2, episode 10 of the show Workaholics, the characters scramble to have a fake passport made for Blake in an effort to spend their Thanksgiving at Hedonism II
32.
Naturism
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Naturism, or nudism, is a cultural and political movement practising, advocating and defending personal and social nudity, most but not all of which takes place on private property. The term may refer to a lifestyle based on personal. Naturism may take a number of forms and it may be practised individually, within a family, socially or in public. Additionally, there is also militant naturism, including campaigning and extreme naturism is sometimes considered a separate category, several other terms have been proposed as alternative terms for naturism, but none has found the same widespread public acceptance as the older terms naturism and nudism. People interested in social nudity can attend clothes-free beaches and other types of ad-hoc nudist events, at these venues, participants generally need not belong to a naturist club. An overlapping term to naturist with a similar definition includes birthday suiter, many contemporary naturists and naturist organisations feel that the practice of social nudity should be asexual. Current research has begun to explore this complex relationship, the usage and definition of these terms varies geographically and historically. Though in the United States, naturism and nudism have the same meaning, in naturist parlance, textile or textilist is a non-naturist person, non-naturist behaviour or non-naturist facilities. E. g. the textile beach starts at the flag, they are a mixed couple – he is naturist, textile is the predominant term used in the UK, although some naturists avoid it due to perceived negative or derogatory connotations. Textilist is said to be used interchangeably, but no dictionary definition to this effect exists, clothing optional and nude optional describe a policy or a venue that allows or encourages nudity but tolerates the wearing of clothes. The opposite is clothing compulsory, that is, prohibiting nudity, adjectival phrases clothes free and clothing free prescribe where naturism is permitted in an otherwise textile environment, or define the preferred state of a naturist. The social nudity movement includes a range of variants including naturism, nudism, Freikörperkultur. There is an amount of shared history and common themes, issues and philosophy. See also, labels, associations and terminology for a discussion and disambiguation. Many people are often nude in the privacy of their home or garden, either alone or with members of the family and this may be occasional nudity or as a naturist lifestyle. This has attracted a deal of academic study. The study found there was no significant difference between what was reported by men and by women with respect to frequency of nudity in the home. Gordon and Schroeder in 1995 reported that parental nudity varies considerably from family to family, barbara Bonner in 1999 cautioned against nudity in the home if children exhibit sexual play of a type that is considered problematic
