Katorga
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Katorga was a system of penal labor in the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union.
Prisoners at an Amur Cart Road camp, between 1908 and 1913
Bashkirs conducting convicts to Siberia, painted by William Allan, 1814
Farewell to Europe, by Aleksander Sochaczewski
Fyodor Dostoevsky
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Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky was a Russian philosopher, novelist, short-story writer, essayist and journalist. He is regarded as one of the greatest novelists in both Russian and world literature, a
Katorga
…persons for 10 years, 15 persons for 6 years. After the trial, Tsar Nicholas I reduced the sentences; subsequent amnesties further shortened the terms. Fyodor Dostoyevsky, from 1849 until 1854, for revolutionary activity against Tsar Nicholas I. Nikolai Chernyshevsky, from 1864 until 1872 for narodnik revolutionary…
Fyodor Dostoevsky, by Vasily Perov, c. 1872
Maria Fyodorovna Dostoevskaya
Mikhail Andreyevich Dostoevsky
Dostoevsky, 1847