1.
Latin
–
Latin is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. The Latin alphabet is derived from the Etruscan and Greek alphabets, Latin was originally spoken in Latium, in the Italian Peninsula. Through the power of the Roman Republic, it became the dominant language, Vulgar Latin developed into the Romance languages, such as Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, French, and Romanian. Latin, Italian and French have contributed many words to the English language, Latin and Ancient Greek roots are used in theology, biology, and medicine. By the late Roman Republic, Old Latin had been standardised into Classical Latin, Vulgar Latin was the colloquial form spoken during the same time and attested in inscriptions and the works of comic playwrights like Plautus and Terence. Late Latin is the language from the 3rd century. Later, Early Modern Latin and Modern Latin evolved, Latin was used as the language of international communication, scholarship, and science until well into the 18th century, when it began to be supplanted by vernaculars. Ecclesiastical Latin remains the language of the Holy See and the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church. Today, many students, scholars and members of the Catholic clergy speak Latin fluently and it is taught in primary, secondary and postsecondary educational institutions around the world. The language has been passed down through various forms, some inscriptions have been published in an internationally agreed, monumental, multivolume series, the Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum. Authors and publishers vary, but the format is about the same, volumes detailing inscriptions with a critical apparatus stating the provenance, the reading and interpretation of these inscriptions is the subject matter of the field of epigraphy. The works of several hundred ancient authors who wrote in Latin have survived in whole or in part and they are in part the subject matter of the field of classics. The Cat in the Hat, and a book of fairy tales, additional resources include phrasebooks and resources for rendering everyday phrases and concepts into Latin, such as Meissners Latin Phrasebook. The Latin influence in English has been significant at all stages of its insular development. From the 16th to the 18th centuries, English writers cobbled together huge numbers of new words from Latin and Greek words, dubbed inkhorn terms, as if they had spilled from a pot of ink. Many of these words were used once by the author and then forgotten, many of the most common polysyllabic English words are of Latin origin through the medium of Old French. Romance words make respectively 59%, 20% and 14% of English, German and those figures can rise dramatically when only non-compound and non-derived words are included. Accordingly, Romance words make roughly 35% of the vocabulary of Dutch, Roman engineering had the same effect on scientific terminology as a whole
Latin
–
Latin inscription, in the
Colosseum
Latin
–
Julius Caesar 's
Commentarii de Bello Gallico is one of the most famous classical Latin texts of the Golden Age of Latin. The unvarnished, journalistic style of this
patrician general has long been taught as a model of the urbane Latin officially spoken and written in the floruit of the
Roman republic.
Latin
–
A multi-volume Latin dictionary in the
University Library of Graz
Latin
–
Latin and Ancient Greek Language - Culture - Linguistics at
Duke University in 2014.
2.
Liberal arts colleges in the United States
–
Liberal arts colleges in the United States are certain undergraduate institutions of higher education in the United States. These schools are American institutions of education which have traditionally emphasized interactive instruction at the undergraduate level. These colleges also encourage a high level of interaction at the center of which are classes taught by full-time faculty rather than graduate student TAs. In addition, some colleges offer experimental curricula, Liberal arts colleges are also often associated with larger bodies or consortia. The largest association of liberal arts colleges in the United States is the Council of Independent Colleges, with more than 630 small. The Council of Public Liberal Arts Colleges is a consortium of liberal arts colleges. Many liberal arts colleges belong to the Annapolis Group, Oberlin Group, Womens College Coalition, a number of liberal arts colleges are involved in Project Pericles or the Eco League. Other well-known consortia in the Eastern United States include the Little Three, Colby-Bates Bowdoin Consortium, the Seven Sisters Colleges, similar consortia include the Claremont College Consortium in Southern California and the Associated Colleges of the Midwest in the Midwestern United States. Additional midwestern groups include the Five Colleges of Ohio, Associated Colleges of the Twin Cities, the Associated Colleges of the Midwest, groups in the Southern United States include the Associated Colleges of the South, and the Seven Sisters of the South. There are no passive ears, students and faculty work so closely together, teaching is an act of love. There is not only a relationship in class but professors become hiking companions, intramural teammates, dinner companions. Learning is collaborative rather than competitive, values are central, there is a sense of community. They are places of great synergy, where the whole becomes greater than the sum of the parts, aspirations are raised, young people are empowered. College and university rankings guides offer annual issues that rank liberal arts colleges separately from research universities, the Washington Monthly and U. S. News & World Report provide rankings specifically of liberal arts colleges. As a result, a majority of the approximately 80 presidents at the said that they did not intend to participate in the U. S. News reputational rankings in the future. Plus, the reputation of a school can help get that all-important first job, the peer survey is by nature subjective, but the technique of asking industry leaders to rate their competitors is a commonly accepted practice. The results from the survey also can act to level the playing field between private and public colleges. S. News has been supplying this exact college information for years already
Liberal arts colleges in the United States
–
Bates College
Liberal arts colleges in the United States
–
Sarah Lawrence College
3.
Financial endowment
–
A financial endowment is a donation of money or property to a nonprofit organization for the ongoing support of that organization. An endowment may come with stipulations regarding its usage, the total value of an institutions investments is often referred to as the institutions endowment and is typically organized as a public charity, private foundation, or trust. Among the institutions that commonly manage endowments are academic institutions, cultural institutions, service organizations, the earliest endowed chairs were those established by the Roman emperor and Stoic philosopher Marcus Aurelius in Athens in AD176. Aurelius created one endowed chair for each of the schools of philosophy, Platonism, Aristotelianism, Stoicism. Later, similar endowments were set up in other major cities of the Empire. Today, the University of Glasgow has fifteen Regius Professorships, private individuals soon adopted the practice of endowing professorships. Isaac Newton held the Lucasian Chair of Mathematics at Cambridge beginning in 1669, unrestricted endowment can be used in any way the recipient chooses to carry out its mission. Term endowment funds stipulate that all or part of the principal may be expended only after the expiration of a period of time or occurrence of a specified event. Quasi endowment funds must retain the purpose and intent as specified by the donor or source of the original funds, Endowment revenue can be restricted by donors to serve many purposes. Endowed professorships or scholarships restricted to a subject are common. Ignoring the restriction is called invading the endowment, but change of circumstance or financial duress like bankruptcy can preclude carrying out the donors intent. A court can alter the use of restricted endowment under a doctrine called cy-près meaning to find an alternative as near as possible to the donors intent, the restricted/unrestricted distinction focuses on the use of the funds, see quasi-endowment below for a distinction about whether principal can be spent. Academic institutions, such as colleges and universities, will control a endowment fund that finances a portion of the operating or capital requirements of the institution. In addition to an endowment fund, each university may also control a number of restricted endowments that are intended to fund specific areas within the institution. The most common examples are endowed professorships, and endowed scholarships or fellowships, in the United States, the endowment is often integral to the financial health of educational institutions. Alumni or friends of institutions sometimes contribute capital to the endowment, the endowment funding culture is strong in the United States and Canada but less pronounced overseas, with the exceptions of Cambridge and Oxford universities. Endowment funds have also created to support secondary and elementary school districts in several states in the United States. An endowed professorship is a position permanently paid for with the revenue from an endowment fund set up for that purpose
Financial endowment
–
Basic investment types
4.
Gambier, Ohio
–
Gambier is a village in Knox County, Ohio, United States. The population was 2,391 at the 2010 census, Gambier is the home of Kenyon College. A major feature is a path running the length of the village. This path has become a piece of Gambiers history, as it is used by students and residents alike as a way through the community. Gambier was laid out in 1824, the village was named after one of Kenyon Colleges early benefactors, Lord Gambier. Gambier is located at 40°22′35″N 82°23′48″W, along the Kokosing River, according to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.94 square miles, all land. As of the census of 2010, there were 2,391 people,343 households, the population density was 2,543.6 inhabitants per square mile. There were 375 housing units at a density of 398.9 per square mile. The racial makeup of the village was 90. 5% White,2. 8% African American,0. 2% Native American,2. 0% Asian,0. 8% from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 2. 8% of the population. 33. 5% of all households were made up of individuals and 11. 4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.76. The median age in the village was 21.2 years. 4% of residents were under the age of 18,79. 6% were between the ages of 18 and 24,5. 1% were from 25 to 44,6. 7% were from 45 to 64, and 4. 5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 47. 3% male and 52. 7% female, as of the census of 2000, there were 1,871 people,278 households, and 142 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,998.5 people per square mile, there were 305 housing units at an average density of 325.8 per square mile. The racial makeup of the village was 94. 07% White,2. 51% African American,1. 28% Asian,0. 05% Pacific Islander,0. 43% from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 1. 66% of the population. 39. 9% of all households were made up of individuals and 12. 2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.03 and the average family size was 2.77. In the village, the population was out with 5. 8% under the age of 18,73. 1% from 18 to 24,7. 3% from 25 to 44,9. 0% from 45 to 64. The median age was 21 years, for every 100 females there were 82.7 males
Gambier, Ohio
–
Middle Path
Gambier, Ohio
–
James Gambier was a founding benefactor of
Kenyon College.
Gambier, Ohio
–
The
Kokosing River, a tributary of the Ohio River, flows past Gambier
5.
Ohio
–
Ohio /oʊˈhaɪ. oʊ/ is a Midwestern state in the Great Lakes region of the United States. Ohio is the 34th largest by area, the 7th most populous, the states capital and largest city is Columbus. The state takes its name from the Ohio River, the name originated from the Iroquois word ohi-yo’, meaning great river or large creek. Partitioned from the Northwest Territory, the state was admitted to the Union as the 17th state on March 1,1803, Ohio is historically known as the Buckeye State after its Ohio buckeye trees, and Ohioans are also known as Buckeyes. Ohio occupies 16 seats in the United States House of Representatives, Ohio is known for its status as both a swing state and a bellwether in national elections. Six Presidents of the United States have been elected who had Ohio as their home state, Ohios geographic location has proven to be an asset for economic growth and expansion. Because Ohio links the Northeast to the Midwest, much cargo, Ohio has the nations 10th largest highway network, and is within a one-day drive of 50% of North Americas population and 70% of North Americas manufacturing capacity. To the north, Lake Erie gives Ohio 312 miles of coastline, Ohios southern border is defined by the Ohio River, and much of the northern border is defined by Lake Erie. Ohios neighbors are Pennsylvania to the east, Michigan to the northwest, Ontario Canada, to the north, Indiana to the west, Kentucky on the south, Ohio is bounded by the Ohio River, but nearly all of the river itself belongs to Kentucky and West Virginia. Ohio has only that portion of the river between the rivers 1792 low-water mark and the present high-water mark, the border with Michigan has also changed, as a result of the Toledo War, to angle slightly northeast to the north shore of the mouth of the Maumee River. Much of Ohio features glaciated plains, with a flat area in the northwest being known as the Great Black Swamp. Most of Ohio is of low relief, but the unglaciated Allegheny Plateau features rugged hills, in 1965 the United States Congress passed the Appalachian Regional Development Act, at attempt to address the persistent poverty and growing economic despair of the Appalachian Region. This act defines 29 Ohio counties as part of Appalachia, the worst weather disaster in Ohio history occurred along the Great Miami River in 1913. Known as the Great Dayton Flood, the entire Miami River watershed flooded, as a result, the Miami Conservancy District was created as the first major flood plain engineering project in Ohio and the United States. Grand Lake St. Marys in the west central part of the state was constructed as a supply of water for canals in the era of 1820–1850. For many years this body of water, over 20 square miles, was the largest artificial lake in the world and it should be noted that Ohios canal-building projects were not the economic fiasco that similar efforts were in other states. Some cities, such as Dayton, owe their emergence to location on canals. Summers are typically hot and humid throughout the state, while winters generally range from cool to cold, precipitation in Ohio is moderate year-round
Ohio
–
The Ohio coast of
Lake Erie.
Ohio
–
Flag
Ohio
–
Columbus Cleveland
Ohio
6.
Rural
–
In general, a rural area or countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities. Whatever is not urban is considered rural, typical rural areas have a low population density and small settlements. Agricultural areas are rural, though so are others such as forests. Different countries have varying definitions of rural for statistical and administrative purposes, in Canada, the census division has been used to represent regions and census consolidated sub-divisions have been used to represent communities. Intermediate regions have 15 to 49 percent of their living in a rural community. Predominantly urban regions have less than 15 percent of their living in a rural community. Predominantly rural regions are classified as rural metro-adjacent, rural non-metro-adjacent and rural northern, following Ehrensaft, as well, rural northern regions encompass all of the Yukon, Northwest Territories and Nunavut. Statistics Canada defines rural for their population counts and this definition has changed over time. Typically, it has referred to the population living outside settlements of 1,000 or less inhabitants, the current definition states that census rural is the population outside settlements with fewer than 1,000 inhabitants and a population density below 400 people per square kilometre. 84% of the United States inhabitants live in suburban and urban areas, Rural areas occupy the remaining 90 percent. The U. S. Census Bureau, the USDAs Economic Research Service, an urbanized area consists of a central surrounding areas whose population is greater than 50,000. USDA The USDAs Office of Rural Development may define rural by various population thresholds, for example, a metropolitan county is one that contains an urbanized area, or one that has a twenty-five percent commuter rate to an urbanized area regardless of population. In 2014, the USDA updated their rural / non-rural area definitions based on the 2010 Census counts, Rural health definitions can be different for establishing under-served areas or health care accessibility in rural areas of the United States. This became the Goldsmith Modification definition of rural, health care delivery in rural areas of the United States can be challenging. From 2005-2011, the rate of potentially preventable hospitalizations for acute conditions was highest in rural areas, in Brazil, theres different notions of rural area and countryside. Rural areas are any place outside an urban development and its carried by informal usage. Otherwise, countryside are officially defined as all municipalities outside the capitals metropolitan region. Some states as Mato Grosso do Sul doesnt have any metropolitan region, thus all of the state, Rio de Janeiro is singular in Brazil and its de facto a metropolitan state, as circa 70% of its population are located in Greater Rio
Rural
–
The
Barossa Valley in
South Australia is an area noted for
vineyards
Rural
–
A typical countryside scene in rural
Yorkshire Dales,
England.
7.
National Register of Historic Places
–
The National Register of Historic Places is the United States federal governments official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects deemed worthy of preservation. The passage of the National Historic Preservation Act in 1966 established the National Register, of the more than one million properties on the National Register,80,000 are listed individually. The remainder are contributing resources within historic districts, each year approximately 30,000 properties are added to the National Register as part of districts or by individual listings. For most of its history the National Register has been administered by the National Park Service and its goals are to help property owners and interest groups, such as the National Trust for Historic Preservation, coordinate, identify, and protect historic sites in the United States. While National Register listings are mostly symbolic, their recognition of significance provides some financial incentive to owners of listed properties, protection of the property is not guaranteed. During the nomination process, the property is evaluated in terms of the four criteria for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places, the application of those criteria has been the subject of criticism by academics of history and preservation, as well as the public and politicians. Occasionally, historic sites outside the proper, but associated with the United States are also listed. Properties can be nominated in a variety of forms, including individual properties, historic districts, the Register categorizes general listings into one of five types of properties, district, site, structure, building, or object. National Register Historic Districts are defined geographical areas consisting of contributing and non-contributing properties, some properties are added automatically to the National Register when they become administered by the National Park Service. These include National Historic Landmarks, National Historic Sites, National Historical Parks, National Military Parks/Battlefields, National Memorials, on October 15,1966, the Historic Preservation Act created the National Register of Historic Places and the corresponding State Historic Preservation Offices. Initially, the National Register consisted of the National Historic Landmarks designated before the Registers creation, approval of the act, which was amended in 1980 and 1992, represented the first time the United States had a broad-based historic preservation policy. To administer the newly created National Register of Historic Places, the National Park Service of the U. S. Department of the Interior, hartzog, Jr. established an administrative division named the Office of Archeology and Historic Preservation. Hartzog charged OAHP with creating the National Register program mandated by the 1966 law, ernest Connally was the Offices first director. Within OAHP new divisions were created to deal with the National Register, the first official Keeper of the Register was William J. Murtagh, an architectural historian. During the Registers earliest years in the late 1960s and early 1970s, organization was lax and SHPOs were small, understaffed, and underfunded. A few years later in 1979, the NPS history programs affiliated with both the U. S. National Parks system and the National Register were categorized formally into two Assistant Directorates. Established were the Assistant Directorate for Archeology and Historic Preservation and the Assistant Directorate for Park Historic Preservation, from 1978 until 1981, the main agency for the National Register was the Heritage Conservation and Recreation Service of the United States Department of the Interior. In February 1983, the two assistant directorates were merged to promote efficiency and recognize the interdependency of their programs, jerry L. Rogers was selected to direct this newly merged associate directorate
National Register of Historic Places
–
Logo used for the NRHP.
National Register of Historic Places
–
Old Slater Mill, a historic district in
Pawtucket, Rhode Island, was the first property listed in the National Register on November 13, 1966.
National Register of Historic Places
–
The
Loren Andrus Octagon House in
Washington, Michigan has been on the NRHP since September 3, 1971.
National Register of Historic Places
–
Built in 1800 by
Samuel McIntire in
Salem, the
Stephen Phillips House is operated as a
historic house museum by
Historic New England and open for public tours.
8.
Historic districts in the United States
–
Buildings, structures, objects and sites within a historic district are normally divided into two categories, contributing and non-contributing. Districts greatly vary in size, some have hundreds of structures, the U. S. federal government designates historic districts through the United States Department of Interior under the auspices of the National Park Service. Federally designated historic districts are listed on the National Register of Historic Places, state-level historic districts may follow similar criteria or may require adherence to certain historic rehabilitation standards. Local historic district designation offers, by far, the most legal protection for historic properties because most land use decisions are made at the local level, local districts are generally administered by the county or municipal government. The first U. S. historic district was established in Charleston, South Carolina in 1931, Charleston city government designated an Old and Historic District by local ordinance and created a board of architectural review to oversee it. New Orleans followed in 1937, establishing the Vieux Carré Commission, other localities picked up on the concept, with the city of Philadelphia enacting its historic preservation ordinance in 1955. The Supreme Court case validated the protection of resources as an entirely permissible governmental goal. In 1966 the federal government created the National Register of Historic Places, conference of Mayors had stated Americans suffered from rootlessness. By the 1980s there were thousands of federally designated historic districts, Historic districts are generally two types of properties, contributing and non-contributing. In general, contributing properties are integral parts of the historic context, in addition to the two types of classification within historic districts, properties listed on the National Register of Historic Places are classified into five broad categories. They are, building, structure, site, district and object, all but the eponymous district category are also applied to historic districts listed on the National Register. A listing on the National Register of Historic Places is governmental acknowledgment of a historic district, however, the Register is an honorary status with some federal financial incentives. The National Register of Historic Places defines a historic district per U. S. federal law, a district may also comprise individual elements separated geographically but linked by association or history. Districts established under U. S. federal guidelines generally begin the process of designation through a nomination to the National Register of Historic Places, the National Register is the official recognition by the U. S. government of cultural resources worthy of preservation. While designation through the National Register does offer a district or property some protections, if the federal government is not involved, then the listing on the National Register provides the site, property or district no protections. If, however, company A was under federal contract the Smith House would be protected, a federal designation is little more than recognition by the government that the resource is worthy of preservation. Usually, the National Register does not list religious structures, moved structures, reconstructed structures, however, if a property falls into one of those categories and are integral parts of districts that do meet the criteria then an exception allowing their listing will be made. Historic district listings, like all National Register nominations, can be rejected on the basis of owner disapproval, in the case of historic districts, a majority of owners must object in order to nullify a nomination to the National Register of Historic Places
Historic districts in the United States
–
The federally designated
Sycamore Historic District in
Illinois
Historic districts in the United States
–
Walker Hall, part of the
University of Florida Campus Historic District
Historic districts in the United States
–
Helvenston House, part of the
Ocala Historic District, in
Ocala, Florida
Historic districts in the United States
–
1848 Duncan House,
National Register of Historic Places Cooksville Historic District, Wisconsin
9.
Geographic coordinate system
–
A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system used in geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation, to specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map projection. The invention of a coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy credited him with the adoption of longitude and latitude. Ptolemys 2nd-century Geography used the prime meridian but measured latitude from the equator instead. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes recovery of Ptolemys text a little before 1300, in 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference, attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, the Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911, the latitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through the center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels, as they are parallel to the equator, the north pole is 90° N, the south pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the equator, the plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the longitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses, which converge at the north and south poles, the prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres, although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E, the combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The grid formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a graticule, the origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km south of Tema, Ghana. To completely specify a location of a feature on, in, or above Earth. Earth is not a sphere, but a shape approximating a biaxial ellipsoid. It is nearly spherical, but has an equatorial bulge making the radius at the equator about 0. 3% larger than the radius measured through the poles, the shorter axis approximately coincides with the axis of rotation
Geographic coordinate system
–
Longitude lines are perpendicular and latitude lines are parallel to the equator.
10.
Philander Chase
–
Philander Chase was an Episcopal Church bishop, educator, and pioneer of the United States western frontier, especially in Ohio and Illinois. His ancestors had been Puritans who fled to New England and his father, a deacon at their local Congregational church, wanted one of his five sons to become a minister. As had three of his brothers, Philander enrolled at Dartmouth College, as a student, Chase became acquainted with the Book of Common Prayer and a lay reader in the Episcopal Church. After graduating in 1795, he worked as a lay reader in various New England towns while studying for ordination, thus, he helped establish Trinity Church in his hometown. He studied with Rev. Thomas Ellison, rector of St. Peters Church in Albany, New York and he also married Mary Fay, of Hardwick, Massachusetts. They would have at least two sons George, and Philander before her death in May,1818, Chase remarried the following summer, and their children Henry, Mary and Philander would survive their parents. While Philander Chase was bishop of Ohio, his 12-year-old nephew, Rev. Chase oversaw the younger mans education in Worthington. The younger Chase then entered Cincinnati College and went on to become a statesman and jurist of note and his brother Dudley Chase also achieved distinction, as did his nephew Dudley Chase Denison. On May 10,1798, Bishop Samuel Provoost ordained Chase deacon at St. Georges Chapel on Long Island, New York, both were assigned missionary duties in the states northern and western parts. In 1799, Rev. Chase accepted a position to serve congregations in Poughkeepsie, New York, Rev. Provoost ordained him as a priest at St. Pauls Church in New York City on November 10, he called for his wife to join him. Chase then taught school in Poughkeepsie, as well as served more than five years at Christ Church, in 1805 Rev. Chase accepted a challenge to establish the first Episcopal congregation in Louisiana, thus becoming the founding rector of what ultimately became Christ Church Cathedral, New Orleans. He and Mary had moved south hoping to cure her tuberculosis, despite the successful parish organization and profitability of his school, they missed their children. Furthermore, with the help, Rev. Chase had purchased a slave. Chase thought slavery an evil and had emancipated Jack, who, however, a few months left on a ship for England. However, Chase continued to feel a call to evangelize, and remained interested in the religious condition. He also disagreed on educational and other matters with Bishop Provoosts successor, thus, in 1817 Rev. Chase traveled to Ohio, and on March 16,1817, preached his first sermon in the new state, at Conneaut Creek near Salem. He continued to evangelize on the frontier, reaching Cincinnati in May, Chase bought a farm in the relatively new town of Worthington, agreed to serve five parishes nearby, and became principal of Worthington Academy. He then called his family to him in Cleveland
Philander Chase
–
The Most Reverend Philander Chase
11.
Bexley Hall
–
Bexley Hall, also known as Bexley Seabury, is a seminary with locations in Bexley, Ohio, a suburb of Columbus, and in Chicago, Illinois. The school is one of 10 official seminaries of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America, Bexley Seaburys mission includes, creating new networks of Christian formation, entrepreneurial leadership and bold inquiry in the service of the Gospel. The seminary was established in 1824 by Bishop Philander Chase in conjunction with the establishment of Kenyon College in Gambier, Bexley Hall was later identified separately, and was named in honour of Nicholas Vansittart, 1st Baron Bexley, an early benefactor of Kenyon College. After 30 years in New York state, in 1998, Bexley Hall re-established a campus in Ohio through a partnership with Trinity Lutheran Seminary of Columbus, in a suburb coincidentally named Bexley. In February 2008, the announced the May closure of the Rochester campus, citing falling student numbers. In April 2013 Bexley Hall inaugurated a historic federated relationship with Seabury-Western Theological Seminary, the Bexley Hall portion of the two-campus federation is situated adjacent to the Capital University campus, a liberal arts institution with undergraduate, graduate and professional school divisions. Additionally, the transformative federated relationship between Bexley Hall and Seabury-Western seminaries has enhanced the new mission, geographic scope and operational capacity
Bexley Hall
–
Philander Chase was the founder and first president of Bexley Hall and Kenyon College, and later became Presiding Bishop of The Episcopal Church
Bexley Hall
–
Lord Bexley was the longest serving UK Chancellor of the Exchequer
12.
Episcopal Diocese of Ohio
–
The Episcopal Diocese of Ohio is a diocese of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America comprising the northern 48 counties of the state of Ohio. It is one of 15 dioceses that make up the Province of the Midwest, originally the diocesan see, or headquarters city, was located in Gambier in south-central Ohio, but moved to Cleveland shortly after the diocesan split. Offices are located on Euclid Avenue near Trinity Cathedral, the cathedral of the diocese, as settlers and missionaries moved westward after the Revolutionary War, they brought their faith traditions with them, including those of the newly formed Episcopal Church. Shortly after Ohio was admitted to the Union, the first Episcopal church was established in the state at Worthington, after years of fruitless petitions and through the hard work of missionaries and others, the General Convention of the Episcopal Church finally granted Ohio a separate diocese in 1818. Philander Chase was appointed the first Bishop of Ohio in 1819, Chase returned from a fund raising trip to England in 1823 and established the diocesan headquarters and a new Episcopal college, Kenyon College, in Gambier. Kenyon College and Gambier were named for Lord Kenyon and Lord Gambier, Bishop Chase retired after a leadership dispute in 1832, and soon moved to Illinois. Charles Pettit McIlvaine succeeded him as Ohios bishop and Kenyon Colleges president, upon Bishop McIlvaines death in 1873, Gregory Thurston Bedell became the Third Bishop of Ohio, having been consecrated as assistant bishop in 1859. Bishop Bedell had staunchly supported the Union in the Civil War, two years later, the General Convention split the Diocese of Ohio into two separate dioceses. William Andrew Leonard was consecrated as the Fourth Bishop of Ohio in 1889 and was responsible, with backing from William G. Mather, for constructing Trinity Cathedral. Charles F. Schweinfurth designed the structure in English Perpendicular Gothic form from Indiana limestone, diocesan offices were located in the adjoining Church House, where they remain. The Right Reverend Mark Hollingsworth, Jr
Episcopal Diocese of Ohio
–
Philander Chase
Episcopal Diocese of Ohio
–
Seal of the Diocese of Ohio
13.
George Kenyon, 2nd Baron Kenyon
–
Lord Kenyon, Baron of Gredington, in the County of Flint, is a title in the Peerage of Great Britain. It was created in 1788 for the lawyer and judge Sir Lloyd Kenyon and he served as Master of the Rolls and as Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales. Kenyon had already created a Baronet, of Gredington in the County of Flint. His grandson, the third Baron, briefly represented St Michaels in the House of Commons and his grandson, the fourth Baron, held minor office in the governments of Lord Salisbury, Arthur Balfour and David Lloyd George and also served as Lord Lieutenant of Denbighshire. In 1912 Lord Kenyon assumed by Royal licence the surname of Tyrell. As of 2010 the titles are held by his grandson, the sixth Baron, new York, St Martins Press,1990, Leigh Rayments Peerage Pages
George Kenyon, 2nd Baron Kenyon
–
Lloyd Kenyon, 1st Baron Kenyon
14.
Lord Gambier
–
Admiral of the Fleet James Gambier, 1st Baron Gambier GCB was a Royal Navy officer. Gambier went on to be a Lord Commissioner of the Admiralty, together with General Lord Cathcart, he oversaw the bombardment of Copenhagen during the Napoleonic Wars. He later survived an accusation of cowardice for his inaction at the Battle of the Basque Roads. Born the second son of John Gambier, the Lieutenant Governor of the Bahamas and Deborah Stiles and he was a nephew of Vice-Admiral James Gambier and of Admiral Lord Barham and became an uncle of the novelist and travel writer Georgiana Chatterton. He transferred to the 50-gun fourth-rate HMS Chatham under Rear Admiral Parry, in 1772, Gambier was placed on the sloop HMS Spy and was then posted to England to serve on the 74-gun third-rate HMS Royal Oak, a guardship at Spithead. Lord Howe promoted Gambier to commander on 9 March 1778 and gave him command of the bomb ship HMS Thunder and he was appointed commander of fifth-rate HMS Endymion, cruising in British waters, later in the year. In 1783, at the end of the War, he was placed on half-pay, in February 1793 following the start of the French Revolutionary Wars, Gambier was appointed to command the 74-gun third-rate HMS Defence under Lord Howe. By faith an evangelical, he was regarded as a religious man, nicknamed Dismal Jimmy. Gambier became a Lord Commissioner of the Admiralty on the Admiralty Board led by Earl Spencer in March 1795 and he went on to be governor and commander-in-chief of Newfoundland Station in March 1802. It was around that time that he also bought Iver Grove in Buckinghamshire, Gambier then returned to the Admiralty as a Lord Commissioner of the Admiralty on the Admiralty Board led by Viscount Melville when the Second Pitt the Younger Ministry was formed in May 1804. Promoted to full admiral on 9 November 1805, Gambier left the Admiralty in February 1806 and he returned briefly for a third tour on the Admiralty Board led by Lord Mulgrave when the Second Portland Ministry was formed in April 1807. In May 1807 Gambier volunteered to command the forces, with his flag in the second-rate HMS Prince of Wales. Together with General Lord Cathcart, he oversaw the bombardment of Copenhagen from 2 September until the Danes capitulated after three days, in 1808 Gambier was appointed to command the Channel Fleet. In April 1809 he chased a squadron of French ships that had escaped from Brest into the Basque Roads and he called a council of war in which Lord Cochrane was given command of the inshore squadron, and who subsequently led the attack. Gambier refused to commit the Channel Fleet after Cochranes attack, using explosion vessels that encouraged the French squadron to warp further into the shallows of the estuary and this action resulted in the majority of the French fleet running aground at Rochefort. Gambier was content with the role played by the offshore squadron. Admiral Sir Eliab Harvey, who had commanded Fighting Temeraire at the Battle of Trafalgar and he told Gambier I never saw a man so unfit for the command of a fleet as Your Lordship. Cochrane threatened to use his vote against Gambier in retaliation for not committing the fleet to action
Lord Gambier
–
Lord Gambier, by
William Beechey
Lord Gambier
–
The third-rate
HMS Defence, commanded by Gambier, at the
Glorious First of June in 1794
Lord Gambier
–
Gambier commanded the British fleet during the
bombardment of Copenhagen
Lord Gambier
–
Destruction of the French fleet at the Battle of the Basque Roads
15.
Hannah More
–
Hannah More was an English religious writer and philanthropist. Born in Bristol she taught at a school established by her father and she became involved with the literary elite in London becoming a leading member of the Bluestocking group. Her plays and poetry became more evangelical and she became part of a group of campaigners against the slave trade, in the 1790s she wrote several Cheap Repository Tracts which covered moral, religious and political topics for sale or distribution to literate poor people. This coincided with her philanthropic work in the Mendip area, encouraged by William Wilberforce. Born in 1745 at Fishponds in the parish of Stapleton, near Bristol, Hannah More was the fourth of five daughters of Jacob More, a schoolmaster originally from Harleston, Norfolk. They were a family and the sisters were first educated by their father, learning Latin and mathematics, Hannah was also taught by her elder sisters. Her conversational French was improved by spending time with French prisoners of war in Frenchay during the Seven Years War and she was keen to learn, and possessed a sharp intellect - she was assiduous in studying and, according to family tradition, began writing at an early age. Hannah More became a pupil when she was years old. In 1767 More gave up her share in the school after becoming engaged to William Turner of Tyntesfield, Wraxall, Somerset, as compensation, Hannah More was induced to accept a £200 annuity from Turner. This set her free for literary pursuits, and in the winter of 1773–74 she went to London in the company of her sisters, Sarah, some verses that she had written on David Garricks version of King Lear led to an acquaintance with the celebrated actor and playwright. Metastasio was one of her models, on his opera of Attilio Regulo she based a drama. More attempted to associate herself with Londons literary elite, including Samuel Johnson, Joshua Reynolds, Johnson is quoted as saying to her Madam, before you flatter a man so grossly to his face, you should consider whether or not your flattery is worth having. He would later be quoted as calling her the finest versifatrix in the English language and she later wrote a witty celebration of her friends and the circle to which they belonged in her 1782 poem The Bas Bleu, or, Conversation, published in 1784. Garrick wrote the prologue and epilogue for Hannah Mores tragedy Percy, Percy was revived in 1785 with Sarah Siddons at Theatre Royal, Drury Lane. A copy of Percy was found amongst Mozarts possessions in 1791, another drama, The Fatal Falsehood, produced in 1779 after Garricks death, was less successful and, as a consequence of its failure, she never wrote for the stage again. However a tragedy entitled The Inflexible Captive was published in 1818, in 1781 she first met Horace Walpole, man of letters and art historian, and corresponded with him from that time. At Bristol she discovered the poet Ann Yearsley and, when Yearsley became destitute, lactilia, as Yearsley was called, published Poems, on Several Occasions in 1785, earning about £600. These literary and social failures caused Mores withdrawal from Londons intellectual circles, in the 1780s Hannah More became a friend of James Oglethorpe, who had long been concerned with slavery as a moral issue and who was working with Granville Sharp in an early abolitionist capacity
Hannah More
–
Painting by
H.W. Pickersgill (1821)
Hannah More
–
More (standing, left, as a personification of
Melpomene, muse of tragedy), in the company of other "
bluestockings " (1778).
Hannah More
–
Blue Plaque on the wall of Keepers Cottage,
Brislington.
16.
Worthington, Ohio
–
Worthington is a city in Franklin County, Ohio, United States, and is a northern suburb of the larger Columbus. The population was 13,575 at the 2010 census, James Kilbourne was elected president and Josiah Topping secretary. On August 30,1802 James Kilbourne and Nathaniel Little arrived at Colonel Thomas Worthingtons home in Chillicothe and they tentatively reserved land along the Scioto River on the Pickaway Plains for their new settlement. Jonas Stanbery and his partner, an American Revolutionary War general, sixteen thousand acres were purchased along the Whetstone River at $1.50 per acre. This land was part of the United States Military District surveyed by Israel Ludlow in 1797, on May 7,1803 James Kilbourne arrived at what is now Worthington to inspect the Scioto Companys purchase. A work party of seven hired laborers, paid $12 per month each, on August 10,1803 the Scioto Company voted to name the village for Thomas Worthington, one of Ohios first two senators, and for each member to contribute $2 to support a library. In September 1803 the first settlers departed Connecticut by horse, Ezra Griswold was the lone settler who traveled by oxcart. With this he is officially the first settler of Worthington, beating his fellow Company men to the site, by December 1803, Worthington was divided into 160, three quarter acre city lots with a 5-acre public green in the center of the village. Thirty seven persons bid between $53 and $0.25 to select a lot and those who bid nothing were given a choice of the remaining lots. Farm lots, ranging from 20 to 130 acres and averaging 93 acres, were sold off in the same way, both the Episcopal Church and Worthington Academy were given an 80-acre farm lot and 20-acre wood lot to provide financial support. By August 11,1804 the plat maps were completed, payments or notes promising payments collected, on January 28,1805, having completed its work of apportioning land and establishing the church, school and library, the Scioto Company was dissolved. On February 20,1808 the Worthington Academy was incorporated by the Ohio legislature and its bell now adorns Kilbourne Middle School. That same year James Kilbourne erected a building for a newspaper. This building still stands at 679-681 High Street as the oldest commercial building in use in the state. In 1811, Ezra Griswold built a large south-facing brick tavern on the lot north of the northeast quadrant of the public square and that same year, the Orange Johnson house was constructed north of the Village Green. During the War of 1812, several Worthington militia marched north with General William Hulls army and were surrendered at Detroit on August 12,1812, on September 7,1814, Zophar Topping died while serving with Indian scouts. He was one of two Worthington casualties during the war along with Luther Palmer, on May 24,1813 James Kilbourne took a seat in the United States House of Representatives. On August 25,1817 President James Monroe visited Worthington, also in 1817, Philander Chase moved to Worthington to become the first rector of St. Johns Episcopal Church
Worthington, Ohio
–
High Street in 2010
Worthington, Ohio
–
Aurora Buttles House in Worthington, built in 1818
Worthington, Ohio
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Louis Noble House, built in 1863
Worthington, Ohio
–
High Street in 1948
17.
Knox County, Ohio
–
Knox County is a county located in the U. S. state of Ohio. As of the 2010 census, the population was 60,921 and its county seat is Mount Vernon. The county is named for Henry Knox, an officer in the American Revolutionary War who was later the first Secretary of War, Knox County comprises the Mount Vernon, OH Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Columbus-Marion-Zanesville, OH Combined Statistical Area. Knox County was formed from Fairfield County in 1808, a rich African American cultural heritage has existed in the county since its founding. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 530 square miles. Approximately 58% of the county is farmland and 28% is forested, most of the county lies in the Glaciated Allegheny Plateau with rolling hills and valleys. Although the relief is not sharp, some elevations in the county reach over 1400 feet above sea level. The racial makeup of the county was 96. 7% White,0. 8% Black or African American,0. 2% Native American,0. 6% Asian,0. 03% Pacific Islander,0. 4% from other races, and 1. 2% from two or more races. 1. 2% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,25. 7% of all households were made up of individuals and 27. 4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the family size was 3.04. In the county, the population was out with 28. 0% under the age of 20,7. 9% from 20 to 24,22. 5% from 25 to 44,27. 0% from 45 to 64. The median age was 38.3 years, for every 100 females there were 94.70 males. For every 100 females, there were 95.4 males, the median income for a household in the county was $48,734, and the median income for a family was $50,034. The per capita income for the county was $22,628, about 9. 4% of families and 13. 0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19. 2% of those under age 18 and 8. 3% of those age 65 or over. As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 60,921 people,22,607 households, the population density was 115.9 inhabitants per square mile. There were 25,118 housing units at a density of 47.8 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 96. 7% white,0. 8% black or African American,0. 6% Asian,0. 2% American Indian,0. 4% from other races, and 1. 2% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 1. 2% of the population, in terms of ancestry,30. 5% were German,14. 4% were Irish,13. 9% were English, and 9. 2% were American
Knox County, Ohio
–
The
Knox County Courthouse in Mount Vernon
Knox County, Ohio
–
Location in the state of
Ohio
18.
Mount Vernon, Ohio
–
Mount Vernon is a city in Knox County, Ohio, United States. The population was 16,990 at the 2010 census and it is the county seat of Knox County. The community was platted in 1805, and named after Mount Vernon, on January 1959 a severe flood caused 500 homes to be evacuated and caused $5 million in damage. In August 2006, an F0 tornado touched down on the west side of town and it demolished a barn at the local 84 Lumber, and the resulting debris blew across the road to the DeCosky GM car dealership. It caused at least $150,000 of damage, the Woodward Opera House, the oldest opera theater of its kind in the United States, is located downtown. The theater is currently under renovation and will, upon its completion, be transformed into a local cultural. The Knox County Historical Society, with a building and extensive exhibits, exhibits feature information about Daniel Decatur Emmett, Paul Lynde, The Cooper Company and other subjects. Mount Vernon is located at 40°23′34″N 82°28′52″W, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 9.60 square miles, of which 9.41 square miles is land and 0.19 square miles is water. The city lies in the Glaciated Allegheny Plateau and is surrounded by rolling hills, the Kokosing River and U. S. Route 36 pass through the city. As of the census of 2010, there were 16,990 people,7,110 households, the population density was 1,805.5 inhabitants per square mile. There were 7,836 housing units at a density of 832.7 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 95. 3% White,1. 1% African American,0. 2% Native American,1. 1% Asian,0. 7% from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 1. 8% of the population. 38. 0% of all households were made up of individuals and 16. 5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.19 and the average family size was 2.88. The median age in the city was 37.2 years. 21. 8% of residents were under the age of 18,13. 7% were between the ages of 18 and 24,23. 2% were from 25 to 44, 24% were from 45 to 64, and 17. 3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 46. 5% male and 53. 5% female, as of the census of 2000, there were 15,256 people,6,187 households, and 3,730 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,710.4 people per square mile, there were 6,713 housing units at an average density of 798.7 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 96. 66% White,1. 15% African American,0. 31% Native American,0. 54% Asian,0. 29% from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 0. 87% of the population
Mount Vernon, Ohio
–
Monument in the downtown public square
Mount Vernon, Ohio
–
The
Kokosing River in Mount Vernon in 2006.
Mount Vernon, Ohio
–
Buildings along East High Street in downtown Mount Vernon. In the foreground is St. Paul's Episcopal Church, and the Knox County Courthouse is visible behind.
19.
John Crowe Ransom
–
John Crowe Ransom was an American educator, scholar, literary critic, poet, essayist and editor. He is considered to be a founder of the New Criticism school of literary criticism, as a faculty member at Kenyon College, he was the first editor of the widely regarded Kenyon Review. Highly respected as a teacher and mentor to a generation of accomplished students, he also was a prize-winning poet, John Crowe Ransom was born on April 30,1888 in Pulaski, Tennessee. His father, John James Ransom was a Methodist minister and his mother was Sara Ella Ransom. He had two sisters, Annie Phillips and Ella Irene, and one brother, Richard and he grew up in Spring Hill, Franklin, Springfield, and Nashville, Tennessee. He was home schooled until age ten, from 1899 to 1903, he attended the Bowen School, a public school whose headmaster was Vanderbilt alumnus Angus Gordon Bowen. He entered Vanderbilt University in Nashville at the age of fifteen and his philosophy professor was Collins Denny, later a Bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. After teaching one year in Lewisburg, he was selected as a Rhodes Scholar. He attended Christ Church, Oxford, 1910–13, where he read Greats and he taught Latin for one year at the Hotchkiss School alongside Samuel Claggett Chew. He was then appointed to the English department at Vanderbilt University in 1914, during the First World War, he served as an artillery officer in France. After the war, he returned to Vanderbilt, under their influence, Ransom, whose first interest had been philosophy began writing poetry. His first volume of poems, Poems about God, was praised by Robert Frost, out of all the Fugitive poets, Norton poetry editors Richard Ellmann and Robert OClair opined that, among the most remarkable, characterizing his poetry as quirky and at times eccentric. The Agrarians believed that the Southern tradition, rooted in the pre-Civil War agricultural model, was the answer to the Souths economic and his contribution to Ill Take My Stand is his essay Reconstructed but Unregenerate which starts the book and lays out the Southern Agrarians basic argument. However, by the late 1930s he began to distance himself from the movement and he remained an active essayist until his death even though, by the 1970s, the popularity and influence of the New Critics had seriously diminished. In 1937, he accepted a position at Kenyon College in Gambier and he was the founding editor of the Kenyon Review, and continued as editor until his retirement in 1959. In 1966, he was elected to the American Academy of Arts, doctorow, Cleanth Brooks, Richard M. Weaver, and Constantinos Patrides. His literary reputation is based chiefly on two collections of poetry, Chills and Fever and Two Gentlemen in Bonds, believing he had no new themes upon which to write, his subsequent poetic activity consisted almost entirely of revising his earlier poems. Hence Ransoms reputation as a poet is based on the fewer than 160 poems he wrote, the poems satisfy our nostalgia for the past, yet themselves have none
John Crowe Ransom
–
John Crowe Ransom at
Kenyon College in 1941. Photo by
Robie Macauley.
John Crowe Ransom
–
John Crowe Ransom with
Robie Macauley (left) at the
The Kenyon Review in 1959. Photo by Thomas Greenslade.
John Crowe Ransom
–
John Crowe Ransom teaching class at
Kenyon College in 1947. Photo by
C. Cameron Macauley.
20.
The Kenyon Review
–
The Kenyon Review is a literary magazine based in Gambier, Ohio, US, home of Kenyon College. The Review was founded in 1939 by John Crowe Ransom, critic and professor of English at Kenyon College, the magazines short stories have won more O. Henry Awards than any other nonprofit journal—most recently, two in 2004. Editor, David H. Lynn, professor of English at Kenyon College Advisory Board, David Bergman, Robb Forman Dew, doctorow, Daniel Mark Epstein, Alice Fulton, Amitav Ghosh, Rachel Hadas, Michael S. The magazine was started in 1939, during Macauleys tenure The Kenyon Review published the first reviews in English of Tristes Tropiques and A Clockwork Orange. A decade after Ransom left the magazine, in 1969, Kenyon College closed it down as its reputation dropped, in 1979, however, the quarterly was started up again. Marilyn Hacker, a poet, became the magazines first full-time editor and she quickly broadened the quarterlys scope to include more minority and marginalized viewpoints, according to the magazine. In April 1994, the trustees directed that costs be cut. Hacker left and an English professor at the college, David H. Lynn, the publications finances have stabilized and improved, and a Kenyon Review Board of Trustees has been set up. The Kenyon Review Short Fiction Prize, established in 2008, is awarded annually to writers under the age of thirty, the inaugural contest, judged by novelist Alice Hoffman, was won by Cara Blue Adams, Nick Ripatrazone and Megan Mayhew Bergman were named runners-up. List of literary magazines Official website
The Kenyon Review
–
The Kenyon Review
The Kenyon Review
–
John Crowe Ransom (right) with
Robie Macauley as he prepares to become editor of The Kenyon Review in 1959.
21.
Phi Beta Kappa Society
–
The Phi Beta Kappa Society - the oldest honor society for the liberal arts and sciences in the United States - is widely recognized and considered as the nations most prestigious honor society. Phi Beta Kappa aims to promote and advocate excellence in the arts and sciences and to induct the most outstanding students of arts. Phi Beta Kappa stands for Φιλοσοφία Βίου Κυβερνήτης or in Latin letters Philosophia Biou Cybernētēs, according to Phi Beta Kappa, they have chapters in about 10% of American higher learning institutions, and about 10% of these schools Arts and Sciences graduates are invited to join the society. Although most students are elected their senior year, many colleges elect a limited number of extremely select students in their junior year. There is an initiation fee, which is sometimes covered by the inductees university. There had been earlier fraternal societies at the College, but these, Society, founded in 1750, were Latin-letter societies, their names were taken from initial letters of a secret Latin motto. William and Mary alumnus and third U. S. President Thomas Jefferson was perhaps the most famous member of the F. H. C, other notable members of the original Society included Col. James Innes, St. George Tucker, and George Wythe. Jefferson noted that When I was a student of Wm. & Mary college of this state, Society, confined to the number of six students only, of which I was a member, but it had no useful object, nor do I know whether it now exists. The best opinion is that the society did not survive the invasion by British forces during the Revolution, a second Latin-letter fraternity at William and Mary was the P. D. A. John Heath, chief organizer of Phi Beta Kappa, according to tradition earlier sought but was refused admission to the P. D. A, though he may instead have disdained to join it. The new society was intended to be purely of domestic manufacture, without any connexion whatever with anything European, either English or German. The founders of Phi Beta Kappa declared that the society was formed for congeniality and to good fellowship, with friendship as its basis and benevolence. Like the older, Latin-letter fraternities, the Phi Beta Kappa was a secret society, the new society was given the motto, Φιλοσοφία Βίου Κυβερνήτης or in Latin letters Philosophia Biou Kybernētēs, which means in English The Love for Knowledge be the Guide of Life. Greek was chosen, because Greek was in Roman times the language of science like Latin in medieval times, one official historian of the society, William T. The heading on the original list of states, A List of the members. This new complex of gestures was created to allow the recognition of members in any foreign country or place. A second chapter was founded at Yale College in late 1780, a third, at Harvard College in 1781, from these new chapters, the Phi Beta Kappa evolved from a fraternity with principally academic and some social purposes to an entirely honorary organization recognizing scholastic achievement. Further chapters appeared at Union College in 1817, Bowdoin College in 1825, the original chapter at William and Mary was re-established
Phi Beta Kappa Society
–
Present day
Phi Beta Kappa Memorial Hall entrance at
The College of William & Mary.
Phi Beta Kappa Society
–
The Phi Beta Kappa Society National Headquarters located in the historic
Dupont Circle neighborhood of
Washington, D.C.
22.
North Coast Athletic Conference
–
The North Coast Athletic Conference is an NCAA Division III athletic conference composed of colleges located in Ohio, Indiana and Pennsylvania. When founded in 1984, the league was a pioneer in gender equality, today it remains true to that legacy, sponsoring 23 sports,11 for men and 12 for women. The NCAC is respected for the strength of its member institutions — all of which have Phi Beta Kappa chapters. In its most recent college rankings, U. S. News & World Report recognized all 10 members as top-tier liberal arts colleges, the formation of the NCAC is announced at joint news conferences in Cleveland, Columbus and Pittsburgh on February 1983. In 1988, Earlham College and Wittenberg College accepted invitations to join the NCAC, the two schools would begin play in the fall of 1989. In 1998, Hiram College, and Wabash College accepted invitations to join the NCAC, case Western Reserve, a charter member of the NCAC, announced that it would leave the NCAC following the 1998-99 academic year. The Spartans would compete on a basis in the University Athletic Association after more than a decade of joint conference membership affiliation. Most recently, Earlham announced that it would depart the NCAC for the Heartland Collegiate Athletic Conference, dePauw University would become the 10th member of the NCAC, beginning in the 2011-12 season. The league currently has 10 full members, * Wabash is an all-male institution, five Colleges of Ohio Official website
North Coast Athletic Conference
23.
National Collegiate Athletic Association
–
The National Collegiate Athletic Association is a non-profit association which regulates athletes of 1,281 institutions, conferences, organizations, and individuals. It also organizes the programs of many colleges and universities in the United States and Canada. The organization is headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana, in 2014, the NCAA generated almost a billion dollars in revenue. 80 to 90% of this revenue was due to the Division I Mens Basketball Tournament and this revenue is then distributed back into various organizations and institutions across the United States. In August 1973, the current three-division setup of Division I, Division II, under NCAA rules, Division I and Division II schools can offer scholarships to athletes for playing a sport. Division III schools may not offer any athletic scholarships, generally, larger schools compete in Division I and smaller schools in II and III. Division I football was divided into I-A and I-AA in 1978. Subsequently, the term Division I-AAA was briefly added to delineate Division I schools which do not field a football program at all, in 2006, Divisions I-A and I-AA were respectively renamed the Football Bowl Subdivision and Football Championship Subdivision. Inter-collegiate sports began in the US in 1852 when crews from Harvard University, as other sports emerged, notably football and basketball, many of these same concepts and standards were adopted. Football, in particular, began to emerge as a marquee sport, the IAAUS was officially established on March 31,1906, and took its present name, the NCAA, in 1910. For several years, the NCAA was a group and rules-making body, but in 1921, the first NCAA national championship was conducted. Gradually, more rules committees were formed and more championships were created, a series of crises brought the NCAA to a crossroads after World War II. The Sanity Code – adopted to establish guidelines for recruiting and financial aid – failed to curb abuses, postseason football games were multiplying with little control, and member schools were increasingly concerned about how the new medium of television would affect football attendance. The complexity of problems and the growth in membership and championships demonstrated the need for full-time professional leadership. Walter Byers, previously an executive assistant, was named executive director in 1951. Byers wasted no time placing his stamp on the Association, as college athletics grew, the scope of the nations athletics programs diverged, forcing the NCAA to create a structure that recognized varying levels of emphasis. In 1973, the Associations membership was divided into three legislative and competitive divisions – I, II, and III, five years later in 1978, Division I members voted to create subdivisions I-A and I-AA in football. Until the 1980s, the association did not offer womens athletics, instead, the Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women, with nearly 1000 member schools, governed womens collegiate sports in the United States
National Collegiate Athletic Association
–
The current NCAA headquarters office in
Indianapolis
National Collegiate Athletic Association
–
National Collegiate Athletic Association
National Collegiate Athletic Association
–
NCAA National Championship
trophies, rings, and watches won by
UCLA teams
National Collegiate Athletic Association
–
2006 NCAA championship banners hang from the ceiling of the NCAA Hall of Champions in Indianapolis.
24.
NCAA Division III
–
Sports Division III is a division of the National Collegiate Athletic Association of the United States. The division consists of colleges and universities that choose not to offer athletically related financial aid to their student-athletes, as explained in more detail in the article about NCAA Division II, the NCAAs first split was into two divisions. The former College Division formed because many NCAA member schools wanted an alternative to the nature of what is now Division I. Division III formed in 1973, in a split of the College Division, the former College Division members that chose to offer athletic scholarships or to remain in a division with those who did became Division II, while members that did not became Division III. Division III is the NCAA’s largest division with 438 active member institutions, of the member institutions, 81% are private, while only 19% are public. Division III schools range in size from an undergraduate enrollment of 348 to a maximum of 21,247. Division III institutions have to sponsor at least five sports for men and five for women, there are minimum contest and participant minimums for each sport. Division III athletic programs are non-revenue-generating, extracurricular programs that are staffed and funded like any other university department, hence, they feature student-athletes who receive no financial aid related to their athletic ability. Student athletes also cannot redshirt as freshmen, and schools may not use endowments or funds whose primary purpose is to benefit athletic programs, Division III schools shall not award financial aid to any student on the basis of athletics leadership, ability, participation or performance. The ban on scholarships is strictly enforced. S, an all-sports conference is defined here as one that sponsors both mens and womens basketball. A conference name followed by * denotes a conference also sponsors football. Note The Middle Atlantic Conferences is an organization that operates three separate leagues. Two of these, the MAC Commonwealth and MAC Freedom, sponsor competition in the set of 15 sports. The third league, known as the Middle Atlantic Conference, sponsors competition in nine sports, including football, six of them are grandfathered schools that have traditionally competed at the highest level of a particular mens sport prior to the institution of the Division classifications in 1971. Presumably due to Title IX considerations, grandfathered schools are allowed to field one womens sport in Division I. These schools are allowed to offer scholarships in their Division I mens and womens sports to remain competitive with their opponents. The State University of New York at Oneonta, which had been grandfathered in mens soccer, rutgers University–Newark, which had been grandfathered in mens volleyball, did the same in 2014. Academic-based and need-based financial aid is available, as is the case for Division III
NCAA Division III
–
Main logo used by the NCAA in Division I, II, and III.
25.
College and university rankings
–
College and university rankings are rankings of institutions in higher education ordered by various combinations of various factors. Rankings have most often conducted by magazines, newspapers, websites, governments. In addition to ranking entire institutions, organizations perform rankings of specific programs, departments, various rankings mostly evaluating on institutional output by research. Some rankings evaluate institutions within a country, while others assess institutions worldwide. The subject has produced much debate about rankings usefulness and accuracy, the expanding diversity in rating methodologies and accompanying criticisms of each indicate the lack of consensus in the field. The variety of academic rankings provide an overview and insightful overlook of different academic institutions on composite capabilities in academia. For rankings of United States universities in particular, see Rankings of universities in the United States, several organizations produce worldwide university rankings, including the following. The ranking is funded by the Chinese government and its purpose was to measure the gap between Chinese and world class universities. In the 2015 Academic Ranking of World Universities there are no Chinese universities in the first 100 of 500 places, ARWU rankings have been cited by The Economist magazine. It has been lauded for being consistent and transparent based on an article, the education ministers of France, Norway and Denmark traveled to China to discuss and find ways to improve their rankings. ARWU does not rely on surveys and school submissions, among other criteria, ARWU includes the number of articles published by Nature or Science and the number of Nobel Prize winners and Fields Medalists. Harvard has topped the ranking for years, one of the primary criticisms of ARWUs methodology is that it is biased towards the natural sciences and English language science journals over other subjects. Along with QS World University Rankings and THE World University Rankings and this Saudi Arabia-based consulting organization has published yearly rankings of world universities since 2012. This university ranking is owned by the French consulting company and rating agency SMBG and it ranks masters and MBA in its 9 geographical regions. G-factor ranks university and college web presence by counting the number of only from other university websites. G-factor is an indicator of the popularity or importance of each universitys website from the perspectives of other institutions. The annual U. S. News Best Global Universities rankings were produced to provide insight into how universities compare globally. The Best Global Universities rankings also provide insight into how U. S. universities – which U. S. News has been ranking separately for more than 30 years – stand globally
College and university rankings
–
Top 40 "National Universities" according to U.S. News & World Report, 2007
26.
Liberal arts college
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A liberal arts college is a college with an emphasis on undergraduate study in the liberal arts and sciences. A liberal arts college aims to impart a broad knowledge and develop general intellectual capacities, in contrast to a professional, vocational. Other researchers have adopted similar definitions, most liberal arts colleges outside of the United States follow this model. Liberal arts colleges are distinguished from other types of higher education chiefly by their generalist curricula and these attributes have various secondary effects in terms of administration as well as student experience. For example, class size is much lower at liberal arts colleges than at universities. Many students select liberal arts colleges with precisely this sense of connection in mind. From an administrative standpoint, the size of liberal arts colleges contributes to their cohesion. Job satisfaction is also higher in liberal arts colleges, for both faculty and staff. In addition, most liberal arts colleges are residential, which means students live and learn away from home. The distinctiveness of these attributes is somewhat eroded by the tendency of universities to adopt aspects of the arts college. In addition, some universities have maintained a sub-unit that preserves many aspects of the arts college. Liberal arts colleges themselves sometimes cluster to offer greater curricular breadth or share other resources, most liberal arts colleges nowadays, however, offer more than just liberal arts subjects, such as computer science from the formal science discipline. Liberal arts colleges are found in all parts of the world, the Global Liberal Arts Alliance, which incorporates institutions on five continents, refers to itself as an international, multilateral partnership of American style liberal arts institutions. These colleges served as a means of spreading a basically European cultural model across the new country, the model proliferated in the 19th century, some 212 small liberal arts colleges were established between 1850 and 1899. As of 1987, there were about 540 liberal arts colleges in the United States, the oldest liberal arts college in America is considered to be Washington College, the first college chartered after American independence. Olaf College as well as Augsburg College in Minnesota, and the Claremont Colleges in Southern California, most are private institutions, but a handful of public liberal arts schools exist, such as the University of Mary Washington, and New Saint Andrews College in Moscow, Idaho. Liberal arts colleges are found in Canada, including Mount Allison University, Bishops University. In the Netherlands, universities have opened constituent liberal arts colleges under the university college since the late 1990s
Liberal arts college
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Saint Anselm College, a traditional
New England liberal arts college
Liberal arts college
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Discussion class at
Shimer College in Chicago
Liberal arts college
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Wheaton College, a Christian liberal arts college in Illinois
Liberal arts college
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Class at
Bard College Berlin, in Europe
27.
Washington Monthly
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Washington Monthly is a bimonthly nonprofit magazine of United States politics and government that is based in Washington, D. C. The magazine is known for its ranking of American colleges and universities. The magazines founder is Charles Peters, who started the magazine in 1969, paul Glastris, former speechwriter for Bill Clinton, has been Washington Monthlys editor-in-chief since 2001. In 2008, the magazine switched from a monthly to a publication schedule. Diane Straus Tucker is the current publisher. In 2008, the watchdog and advocacy group Common Cause considered acquiring Washington Monthly. The politics of Washington Monthly are often considered center-left, founder Charles Peters refers to himself as a New Deal Democrat and advocates the use of government to address social problems. His columns also frequently emphasized the importance of a vigilant fourth estate in keeping government honest, in 2008, Steve Benen took over as lead blogger, in 2012, he was succeeded by Ed Kilgore. Kilgore left the magazine in 2015 and it was introduced as an official set of rankings in the September 2006 issue. Its National Universities Rankings, most recently published in 2016, began as a report in 2005. It ranks colleges on numerous metrics revolving around academic quality, faculty, the following are elements in the Washington Monthly rankings. Washington Monthly website Washington Monthly National College Rankings Last Call for the Washington Monthly, New York Review of Magazines, May 2008
Washington Monthly
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Washington Monthly
28.
Forbes
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Forbes is an American business magazine. Published bi-weekly, it features articles on finance, industry, investing. Forbes also reports on related subjects such as technology, communications, science, politics and its headquarters is located in Jersey City, New Jersey. Primary competitors in the business magazine category include Fortune and Bloomberg Businessweek. The magazine is known for its lists and rankings, including its lists of the richest Americans. Another well-known list by the magazine is The Worlds Billionaires list, the motto of Forbes magazine is The Capitalist Tool. Its chairman and editor-in-chief is Steve Forbes, and its CEO is Mike Perlis, Forbes, a financial columnist for the Hearst papers, and his partner Walter Drey, the general manager of the Magazine of Wall Street, founded Forbes magazine on September 15,1917. Forbes provided the money and the name and Drey provided the publishing expertise, the original name of the magazine was Forbes, Devoted to Doers and Doings. Drey became vice-president of the B. C. Forbes Publishing Company, while B. C. Forbes became editor-in-chief, B. C. Forbes was assisted in his later years by his two eldest sons, Bruce Charles Forbes and Malcolm Stevenson Forbes. Bruce Forbes took over on his fathers death, and his strengths lay in streamlining operations, during his tenure, 1954–1964, the magazines circulation nearly doubled. On Malcolms death, his eldest son Malcolm Stevenson Steve Forbes Jr. became President and Chief Executive of Forbes, between 1961 and 1999 the magazine was edited by James Michaels. In 1993, under Michaels, Forbes was a finalist for the National Magazine Award. com, a 2009 New York Times report said,40 percent of the enterprise was sold. For a reported $300 million, setting the value of the enterprise at $750 million, according to Mark M. Edmiston of AdMedia Partners, Its probably not worth half of that now. The companys headquarters moved to the Newport section of downtown Jersey City. In November 2013, Forbes Media, which publishes Forbes magazine, was put up for sale and this was encouraged by Elevation Partners, of whom were minority shareholders. Sales documents prepared by Deutsche Bank revealed that the publishers 2012 EBITDA was $15 million, Forbes reportedly sought a price of $400 million. In July 2014, Forbes sold a majority of itself to Integrated Whale Media Investments, Steve Forbes and his magazines writers offer investment advice on the weekly Fox TV show Forbes on Fox and on Forbes On Radio. Other company groups include Forbes Conference Group, Forbes Investment Advisory Group, from the 2009 Times report, Steve Forbes recently returned from opening up a Forbes magazine in India, bringing the number of foreign editions to 10
Forbes
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Cover for December 20, 2010, featuring
Julian Assange
Forbes
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Forbes's former headquarters on
5th Avenue in Manhattan (now owned by New York University)
Forbes
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Forbes Building on
Fifth Avenue in New York City (now owned by
New York University)
29.
Newsweek
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Newsweek is an American weekly news magazine founded in 1933. It was published in four English language editions and 12 global editions written in the language of the circulation region, between 2008 and 2012, Newsweek underwent internal and external contractions designed to shift the magazines focus and audience while improving its finances. Instead, losses accelerated, revenue dropped 38 percent from 2007 to 2009, in November 2010, Newsweek merged with the news and opinion website The Daily Beast, forming The Newsweek Daily Beast Company, after negotiations between the owners of the two publications. Tina Brown, The Daily Beasts editor-in-chief, served as the editor of both publications, Newsweek was jointly owned by the estate of the late Harman and the diversified American media and Internet company IAC. Newsweek ceased print publication with the December 31,2012, issue and transitioned to an all-digital format, IBT Media relaunched a print edition of Newsweek on March 7,2014. In 2003, worldwide circulation was more than 4 million, including 2.7 million in the U. S, Newsweek publishes editions in Japanese, Korean, Polish, Spanish, Rioplatense Spanish, Arabic, and Turkish, as well as an English language Newsweek International. Russian Newsweek, published since 2004, was shut in October 2010, the Bulletin incorporated an international news section from Newsweek. Based in New York City, the magazine claimed 22 bureaus in 2011, New York City, Los Angeles, Chicago/Detroit, Dallas, Miami, Washington, D. C. Boston and San Francisco, and others overseas in London, Paris, Berlin, Moscow, Jerusalem, Baghdad, Tokyo, Hong Kong, Beijing, South Asia, Cape Town, Mexico City and Buenos Aires. News-Week was launched in 1933 by Thomas J. C. Martyn and he obtained financial backing from a group of U. S. stockholders which included Ward Cheney, of the Cheney silk family, John Hay Whitney, and Paul Mellon, son of Andrew W. Mellon. Paul Mellons ownership in Newsweek apparently represented the first attempt of the Mellon family to function journalistically on a national scale, the group of original owners invested around $2.5 million. Other large stockholders prior to 1946 were public utilities investment banker Stanley Childs, journalist Samuel T. Williamson served as the first editor-in-chief of Newsweek. The first issue of the magazine was dated 17 February 1933, seven photographs from the weeks news were printed on the first issues cover. In 1937 News-Week merged with the weekly journal Today, which had founded in 1932 by future New York Governor and diplomat W. Averell Harriman. In 1937 Malcolm Muir took over as president and editor-in-chief and he changed the name to Newsweek, emphasized interpretive stories, introduced signed columns, and launched international editions. Over time the magazine developed a spectrum of material, from breaking stories and analysis to reviews. The magazine was purchased by The Washington Post Company in 1961, osborn Elliott was named editor of Newsweek in 1961 and became the editor in chief in 1969. The women won, and Newsweek agreed to allow women to be reporters, edward Kosner became editor from 1975 to 1979 after directing the magazine’s extensive coverage of the Watergate scandal that led to the resignation of President Richard Nixon in 1974
Newsweek
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Cover of the first issue of News-Week magazine
Newsweek
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January 16, 1939 cover featuring
Felix Frankfurter
Newsweek
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The first issue released after the magazine switched to an opinion and commentary format.
Newsweek
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The cover of Newsweek's final print issue under
The Newsweek Daily Beast Company ownership.
