Kertanagara
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Sri Maharajadiraja Sri Kertanagara Wikrama Dharmatunggadewa, Kritanagara, or Sivabuddha, alias Nararya Murdhaja, was the last and most important ruler of the Singhasari kingdom of Java, reigning from
Joko Dolog statue Surabaya from Jawi Temple the embodiment of Kertanagara as Buddha Mahaksobhya.
The statue of Amoghapasa presented by Kertanagara of Singhasari to the Melayu Kingdom of East Sumatra
Mongol invasion of Java
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The Yuan dynasty under Kublai Khan attempted in 1293 to invade Java, an island in modern Indonesia, with 20,000 to 30,000 soldiers. This was intended as a punitive expedition against Kertanegara of Si
Kertanagara
…established himself in the lower Brantas delta, where he built a settlement that would grow into the mighty empire of Majapahit. Raden Wijaya used the oncoming Mongol troops to overthrow Jayakatwang. Wijaya then betrayed his Mongol allies, who were exhausted after the war, drove them from Java and established Majapahit as…
Yuan dynasty Mongol cavalry, from Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, collected by Xi'an Museum.
A brass "Tartar rider" toy from Besuki, East Java.
Battle scene from the main temple of Penataran temple complex, 1269 saka or 1347 AD.
Kublai Khan's fleet passing through the Indonesian archipelago, by Sir Henry Yule (1871)