1.
Connecticut Valley Railroad 3025
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It was purchased by the Valley Railroad Company in 2008 and has since been re-numbered 3025. 58 ran for the Knox and Kane between 1989 and spring of 2006, when the railroad ceased all operations, in storage in an engine house in Kane, locomotive 58 and other rolling stock was subjected to an early morning arson attack on March 16,2008. The locomotive was damaged, more so than its housemate. 38, which had thicker boiler skin and its cab was lined with wood, which was utterly destroyed. On October 10, the locomotive was purchased at an auction by the Valley Railroad. Restoration was completed in 2011, and the locomotive entered service on November 25,2011 pulling The North Pole Express. It has since become one of the regular road engines
2.
Reporting mark
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A reporting mark is an alphabetic code of one to four letters used to identify owners or lessees of rolling stock and other equipment used on certain railroad networks. In North America the mark, which consists of an code of one to four letters, is stenciled on each piece of equipment. The Association of American Railroads assigns marks to all carriers, under authority granted by the U. S, surface Transportation Board, Transport Canada, and Mexican Government. Under current practice, the first letter must match the initial letter of the railroad name, as it also acts as a Standard Carrier Alpha Code, the reporting mark cannot conflict with codes in use by other nonrail carriers. In another example, the mark for state-funded Amtrak services in California is CDTX because the state transportation agency owns the equipment used in these services. This is why the reporting mark for CSX Transportation, which is a railroad, is CSXT instead of CSX. This often resulted in five-letter reporting marks, an option not otherwise allowed by the AAR, the standard ISO6346 covers identifiers for intermodal containers. When the owner of a mark is taken over by another company. For example, when the Union Pacific Railroad acquired the Chicago and North Western Railway in the 1990s, some companies own several marks that are used to identify different classes of cars, such as boxcars or gondolas. If the acquiring company discontinues the name or mark of the acquired company, occasionally, long-disused marks are suddenly revived by the companies which now own them. For example, in recent years, the Union Pacific Railroad has begun to use the mark CMO on newly built covered hoppers, gondolas, CMO originally belonged to a predecessor of the CNW, which passed it on to them, from which the UP inherited it. Some of these still retain their temporary NYC marks. Because of its size, this list has been split into subpages based on the first letter of the reporting mark, railinc, a subsidiary of the AAR, maintains the active reporting marks for the North American rail industry. Railinc offers a free online look-up of reporting marks and other industry reference files through the Railincs Freight Rail 411 website, a railway vehicle must be registered in a national vehicle register using a 12-digit number derived from the old UIC system of vehicle numbering. The number contains the country in the third and fourth digit. The VKM must not contain special signs or digits, the VKM is preceded by the code for the country, where the vehicle is registered and a hyphen. Some examples, When a vehicle is sold it does not normally be transferred to another register, the Czech railways bought large numbers of coaches from ÖBB. The number remained the same but the VKM changed from A-ÖBB to A-ČD, the UIC introduced a uniform numbering system for their members based on a 12-digit number, largely known as UIC number
3.
Track gauge
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In rail transport, track gauge is the spacing of the rails on a railway track and is measured between the inner faces of the load-bearing rails. All vehicles on a network must have running gear that is compatible with the track gauge, as the dominant parameter determining interoperability, it is still frequently used as a descriptor of a route or network. There is a distinction between the gauge and actual gauge at some locality, due to divergence of track components from the nominal. Railway engineers use a device, like a caliper, to measure the actual gauge, the nominal track gauge is the distance between the inner faces of the rails. In current practice, it is specified at a distance below the rail head as the inner faces of the rail head are not necessarily vertical. In some cases in the earliest days of railways, the company saw itself as an infrastructure provider only. Colloquially the wagons might be referred to as four-foot gauge wagons, say and this nominal value does not equate to the flange spacing, as some freedom is allowed for. An infrastructure manager might specify new or replacement track components at a variation from the nominal gauge for pragmatic reasons. Track is defined in old Imperial units or in universally accepted metric units or SI units, Imperial units were established in United Kingdom by The Weights and Measures Act of 1824. In addition, there are constraints, such as the load-carrying capacity of axles. Narrow gauge railways usually cost less to build because they are lighter in construction, using smaller cars and locomotives, as well as smaller bridges, smaller tunnels. Narrow gauge is often used in mountainous terrain, where the savings in civil engineering work can be substantial. Broader gauge railways are generally expensive to build and require wider curves. There is no single perfect gauge, because different environments and economic considerations come into play, a narrow gauge is superior if ones main considerations are economy and tight curvature. For direct, unimpeded routes with high traffic, a broad gauge may be preferable, the Standard, Russian, and 46 gauges are designed to strike a reasonable balance between these factors. In addition to the general trade-off, another important factor is standardization, once a standard has been chosen, and equipment, infrastructure, and training calibrated to that standard, conversion becomes difficult and expensive. This also makes it easier to adopt an existing standard than to invent a new one and this is true of many technologies, including railroad gauges. The reduced cost, greater efficiency, and greater economic opportunity offered by the use of a common standard explains why a number of gauges predominate worldwide
4.
Standard gauge
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The standard gauge is a widely used railway track gauge. Approximately 55% of the lines in the world are this gauge, all high-speed rail lines, except those in Russia, Uzbekistan, and Finland, are standard gauge. The distance between the edges of the rails is defined to be 1435 mm except in the United States. It is also called the UIC gauge or UIC track gauge, as railways developed and expanded, one of the key issues was the track gauge to be used. The result was the adoption throughout a large part of the world of a gauge of 1435 mm. In North East England, some lines in colliery areas were 4 ft 8 in. All these lines had been widened to standard gauge by 1846, parts of the United States, mainly in the Northeast, adopted the same gauge, because some early trains were purchased from Britain. However, until well into the half of the 19th century, Britain. The American gauges converged as the advantages of equipment interchange became increasingly apparent, notably, all the 5 ft broad gauge track in the South was converted to standard gauge over the course of two days beginning on 31 May 1886. See Track gauge in the United States, snopes categorized this legend as false, but commented that. It is perhaps more fairly labelled as True, but for trivial, the historical tendency to place the wheels of horse-drawn vehicles approximately 5 feet apart probably derives from the width needed to fit a carthorse in between the shafts. Others were 4 ft 4 in or 4 ft 7 1⁄2 in, the English railway pioneer George Stephenson spent much of his early engineering career working for the coal mines of County Durham. He favoured 4 ft 8 in for wagonways in Northumberland and Durham, the Hetton and Springwell wagonways also used this gauge. Stephensons Stockton and Darlington railway was primarily to transport coal from mines near Shildon to the port at Stockton-on-Tees. The initial gauge of 4 ft 8 in was set to accommodate the existing gauge of hundreds of horse-drawn chaldron wagons that were already in use on the wagonways in the mines. The railway used this gauge for 15 years before a change was made to 4 ft 8 1⁄2 in gauge, George Stephenson used the 4 ft 8 1⁄2 in gauge for the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, authorised in 1826 and opened 30 September 1830. The success of this led to Stephenson and his son Robert being employed to engineer several other larger railway projects. Monkland and Kirkintilloch Railway, authorised 1824 and opened 1825, used 4 ft 6 in, Dundee and Newtyle Railway, authorised 1829 and opened 1831, used 4 ft 6 1⁄2 in
5.
Marienville, Pennsylvania
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Marienville is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Jenks Township, Forest County, Pennsylvania, United States. Its altitude is 1,735 feet, and it is located at 41°28′12″N 79°7′29″W, other names for the community have included Marion, Marion Centre, and Marionville. Marienville is a point on a well-known ATV trail. According to the 2010 census the population of Marienville was 3,137, Marienville is the location of the SCI Forest state penitentiary. The community is in southeastern Forest County near the center of Jenks Township, Pennsylvania Route 66 is the main street, leading northeast 24 miles to U. S. Route 6 at Kane and southwest 27 miles to Interstate 80 near Clarion. Pennsylvania Route 899 leads south from Marienville 10 miles to Clarington, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the Marienville CDP has a total area of 6.1 square miles, all land
6.
Pennsylvania
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Pennsylvania /ˌpɛnsᵻlˈveɪnjə/, officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state located in the northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States. The Appalachian Mountains run through its middle, Pennsylvania is the 33rd largest, the 5th most populous, and the 9th most densely populated of the 50 United States. The states five most populous cities are Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Allentown, Erie, the state capital, and its ninth-largest city, is Harrisburg. Pennsylvania has 140 miles of shoreline along Lake Erie and the Delaware Estuary. The state is one of the 13 original founding states of the United States, it came into being in 1681 as a result of a land grant to William Penn. Part of Pennsylvania, together with the present State of Delaware, had earlier been organized as the Colony of New Sweden and it was the second state to ratify the United States Constitution, on December 12,1787. Independence Hall, where the United States Declaration of Independence and United States Constitution were drafted, is located in the states largest city of Philadelphia, during the American Civil War, the Battle of Gettysburg, was fought in the south central region of the state. Valley Forge near Philadelphia was General Washingtons headquarters during the winter of 1777–78. Pennsylvania is 170 miles north to south and 283 miles east to west, of a total 46,055 square miles,44,817 square miles are land,490 square miles are inland waters, and 749 square miles are waters in Lake Erie. It is the 33rd largest state in the United States, Pennsylvania has 51 miles of coastline along Lake Erie and 57 miles of shoreline along the Delaware Estuary. Cities include Philadelphia, Reading, Lebanon and Lancaster in the southeast, Pittsburgh in the southwest, the tri-cities of Allentown, Bethlehem, the northeast includes the former anthracite coal mining communities of Scranton, Wilkes-Barre, Pittston City, and Hazleton. Erie is located in the northwest, the state has 5 regions, namely the Allegheny Plateau, Ridge and Valley, Atlantic Coastal Plain, Piedmont, and the Erie Plain. Straddling two major zones, the majority of the state, with the exception of the corner, has a humid continental climate. The largest city, Philadelphia, has characteristics of the humid subtropical climate that covers much of Delaware. Moving toward the interior of the state, the winter climate becomes colder, the number of cloudy days increase. Western areas of the state, particularly locations near Lake Erie, can receive over 100 inches of snowfall annually, the state may be subject to severe weather from spring through summer into fall. Tornadoes occur annually in the state, sometimes in large numbers, the Tuscarora Nation took up temporary residence in the central portion of Pennsylvania ca. Both the Dutch and the English claimed both sides of the Delaware River as part of their lands in America
7.
Short-line railroad
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Short Line is also one of the four railroads in the popular board game Monopoly, named after the Shore Fast Line, an interurban streetcar line. A shortline railroad is a small or mid-sized railroad company operates over a relatively short distance relative to larger. The term is used primarily in the United States and Canada, in the U. S. railroads are categorized by operating revenue, and most shortline railroads fall into the Class III or Class II categorization defined by the Surface Transportation Board. Often, short lines exist for all three of these reasons, especially since 1980 in the U. S. and 1990 in Canada, many shortlines have been established when larger railroad companies sold off or abandoned low-profit portions of their trackage. Because of their size and generally low revenues, the great majority of shortline railroads in the U. S. are classified by the Association of American Railroads as Class III. As defined by the Surface Transportation Board, a Class III is a railroad with an operating revenue of less than $28 million. In Canada, Transport Canada classifies short line railroads as Class II, there are three kinds of shortlines in the U. S. handling, switch, and ISS. Handling shortlines exist only to move cars along their tracks for larger railroads and they are not listed in the route on a railcars waybill. Handling short lines may have agreements with the larger railroads they serve that do not depend on per car rates. Switch shortlines are similar to handling shortlines except that they are listed on a railcars route, ISS shortlines operate the same as Class I and II railroads. They are included in the routes of railcars, also, they serve as the billing railroads for loads that originate on their lines. For loads not originating on their lines, ISS shortlines still collect a portion of the freight rate. Current short line railroads in operation in the U. S. are, It was reported in 2009 that short-line railroads employ 20,000 people in the U. S. and own 30 percent of nations railroad tracks. About a quarter of all U. S. rail freight travels at least a part of its journey over a short-line railroad. Class I railroad Class II railroad List of U. S. railroads List of Canadian railroads List of Mexican railroads Switching and terminal railroad American Short Line and Regional Railroad Association
8.
Knox, Pennsylvania
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Knox is a borough in Clarion County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 1,146 at the 2010 census, Knox is located northwest of the center of Clarion County at 41°14′7″N 79°32′10″W. Pennsylvania Route 208 passes through the center of the borough, leading east 4 miles to U. S. Route 322 at Shippenville and west 11 miles to Emlenton. Pennsylvania Route 338 runs through the east side of Knox as a bypass, it leads north 4 miles to US322. Clarion, the county seat, is 9 miles to the east via Shippenville, according to the United States Census Bureau, Knox has a total area of 0.57 square miles, of which 0.004 square miles, or 0. 68%, is water. As of the census of 2000, there were 1,176 people,528 households, the population density was 2,056.0 people per square mile. There were 570 housing units at a density of 996.5 per square mile. The racial makeup of the borough was 98. 98% White,0. 60% Native American,0. 17% Asian, hispanic or Latino of any race were 0. 85% of the population. 32. 2% of all households were made up of individuals, the average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.79. In the borough the population was out, with 22. 7% under the age of 18,6. 5% from 18 to 24,26. 8% from 25 to 44,25. 6% from 45 to 64. The median age was 41 years, for every 100 females there were 87.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.8 males, the median income for a household in the borough was $32,407, and the median income for a family was $37,431. Males had an income of $31,908 versus $18,603 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $18,043, about 12. 2% of families and 14. 5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25. 1% of those under age 18 and 11. 9% of those age 65 or over. Knox Borough is governed by an elected, seven member council, current council members are President Jack Bish Jr. Vice President Rich Cochran, Thomas Goble, Linda Runyan, Carl Salser, Bill Henry, and Michael Leahy. Ross A. McGinnis, a 19-year-old Knox native, killed in action in Iraq on December 4,2006, and awarded the Medal of Honor Knox Borough official website
9.
Clarion County, Pennsylvania
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Clarion County is a county located in the U. S. state of Pennsylvania. As of the 2010 United States Census, the population was 39,988, the county was formed on March 11,1839, from parts of Venango and Armstrong counties. Clarion County is entirely defined as part of the Pittsburgh media market, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 610 square miles, of which 601 square miles is land and 9.0 square miles is water. Forest County Jefferson County Armstrong County Butler County Venango County Part of Cook Forest State Park is in Clarion County, the Clarion County Park is located in Paint Township. Clarion County Veterans Memorial Park is located near the Clarion County Courthouse in the center of the Borough of Clarion, as of the census of 2000, there were 41,765 people,16,052 households, and 10,738 families residing in the county. The population density was 69 people per square mile, there were 19,426 housing units at an average density of 32 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 98. 16% White,0. 79% Black or African American,0. 11% Native American,0. 34% Asian,0. 08% from other races,0. 41% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 45. 0% were of German,10. 3% American,9. 8% Irish,6. 7% Italian and 6. 2% English ancestry according to Census 2000. 26. 00% of all households were made up of individuals and 11. 30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 2.95. In the county, the population was out with 21. 60% under the age of 18,15. 40% from 18 to 24,25. 20% from 25 to 44,22. 70% from 45 to 64. The median age was 36 years, for every 100 females there were 93.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.40 males, the Pennsylvania Department of Education projects that they will continue to experience steadily declining enrollment through 2019. A new district composed of Union School District, Keystone School District and adding Perry Township, consolidation would bring the elimination of costly main office, administrator positions. This would assist the residents with the rising school administrator, employee. Over the next 10 years, rural Pennsylvania school enrollment is projected to decrease 8 percent, the most significant enrollment decline is projected to be in western Pennsylvania, where rural school districts may have a 16 percent decline. More than 40 percent of schools and more than 60 percent of secondary schools in western Pennsylvania are projected to experience significant enrollment decreases. As the enrollment declines, per pupil administrative costs of the schools continue to rise. Pennsylvania has one of the highest numbers of districts in the nation
10.
Kane, Pennsylvania
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Kane is a borough in McKean County in the U. S. state of Pennsylvania,94 miles east by south of Erie. It was founded in 1863 by Civil War general Thomas L. Kane at an elevated site 2210 feet above sea level. In the early part of the 20th century, Kane had large works, bottle works, lumber mills. The population peaked in the 1920s but has declined by around half to 3,691 persons in 2012. It is the home of the Kane Area School District, famous residents of Kane include two-time NBA Champion and 1992 Olympic gold medalist coach Chuck Daly and Amy Rudolph, an Olympic distance runner and qualifier in the 1996 and 2000 Summer Games. Kane is located at 41°39′42″N 78°48′37″W, according to the United States Census Bureau, the borough has a total area of 1.6 square miles, all of it land. The above photo is a view of Kane taken on May 4,2008. Below is a shot of Kane looking northwest. Click photo for a larger view, as of the census of 2010, there were 3,730 people,1,758 households, and 1,052 families residing in the borough. The population density was 2,331.25 people per square mile, there were 1,993 housing units at an average density of 1,179.0 per square mile. The racial makeup of the borough was 98. 91% White,0. 12% African American,0. 10% Native American,0. 17% Asian,0. 24% from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 0. 82% of the population. 34. 4% of all households were made up of individuals, the average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 2.91. In the borough the population was out, with 23. 1% under the age of 18,7. 6% from 18 to 24,26. 6% from 25 to 44,21. 9% from 45 to 64. The median age was 40 years, for every 100 females there were 86.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.5 males, the median income for a household in the borough was $30,460, and the median income for a family was $38,672. Males had an income of $32,318 versus $20,907 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $16,167, about 11. 1% of families and 13. 1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19. 7% of those under age 18 and 12. 2% of those age 65 or over. Kane is a community which is rich with outdoor entertainment due to its location near the Allegheny National Forest
