Konjaku Gazu Zoku Hyakki is the second book of Japanese artist Toriyama Sekien's famous Gazu Hyakki Yagyō tetralogy, published c. 1779. A version of the tetralogy translated and annotated in English was published in 2016. These books are supernatural bestiaries, collections of ghosts, spirits, spooks, and monsters, many of which Toriyama based on literature, folklore, other artwork. These works have had a profound influence on subsequent yōkai imagery in Japan. Konjaku Gazu Zoku Hyakki is preceded in the series by Gazu Hyakki Yagyō, and succeeded by Konjaku Hyakki Shūi and Gazu Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro.

In Japanese folklore, hitodama are balls of fire that mainly float in the middle of the night. They are said to be "souls of the dead that have separated from their bodies", which is where their name comes from.