1.
Government of Malaysia
–
The Government of Malaysia refers to the Federal Government or national government authority based in the federal territories of Kuala Lumpur and the federal executive based in Putrajaya. Malaysia is a federation of 13 states operating within a constitutional monarchy under the Westminster parliamentary system and is categorised as a representative democracy, the federal government of Malaysia adheres to and is created by the Federal Constitution of Malaysia, the supreme law of the land. The federal government adopts the principle of separation of powers under Article 127 of the Federal Constitution, the state governments in Malaysia also have their respective executive and legislative bodies. The judicial system in Malaysia is a court system operating uniformly throughout the country. The federal or central government is the authority in Malaysia having its base in Putrajaya. It is headed by the Prime Minister of Malaysia who is known as the head of government. The bicameral parliament consists of the house, the House of Representatives or Dewan Rakyat and the upper house. All seventy Senate members sit for three-year terms, twenty-six are elected by the thirteen state assemblies, the 222 members of the Dewan Rakyat are elected from single-member districts by universal adult suffrage. The parliament follows a multi-party system and the body is elected through a first-past-the-post system. Parliament has a mandate of five years by law. The king may dissolve parliament at any time and usually does so upon the advice of the Prime Minister, the cabinet is chosen from among members of both houses of Parliament and is responsible to that body. The Executive branch of the government consists of the Prime Minister as the head of the government, followed by the various ministers of the Cabinet. The highest court in the system is the Federal Court, followed by the Court of Appeal. The subordinate courts in each of these jurisdictions include Sessions Courts, Magistrates Courts, Malaysia also has a Special Court to hear cases brought by or against all Royalty. The Prime Minister of Malaysia is the elected head of government of Malaysia. He heads the Cabinet, whose members are appointed by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong advice of the prime minister, the Prime Minister and his Cabinet shall be collectively responsible to Parliament. The Prime Ministers Department is the body and ministry in which the Prime Minister exercises its functions, each state governments in Malaysia is created by the respective state constitutions. Each state has a state legislative chamber whose members are elected from single-member constituencies
Government of Malaysia
–
Ensign of the Government of Malaysia
2.
Malaysia Airports
–
Malaysia Airports Holdings Berhad is a Malaysian airport company that manages most of the airports in Malaysia. The firm was awarded the duty to manage airports in international destinations. It has its office in the Malaysia Airports Corporate Office in the Persiaran Korporat KLIA in Kuala Lumpur International Airport, Sepang. In November 1992, Malaysia Airports Berhad was duly licensed by the Minister of Transport Malaysia to carry out its function as the airport operator, the main airport is the KL International Airport. KLIA is the result of a strategy to meet the needs of new large aircraft. KLIA has pioneered the use of technology in airport management known as Total Airport Management Systems. TAMS, managed by Malaysia Airport Sdn, Bhd. consists of more than 40 systems and airport functions including air traffic management, baggage handling, passenger check-in, and flight information display. MAHB’s present corporate structure includes several operating subsidiaries, Malaysia Airports Sdn, Bhd, Malaysia Airports Consultancy Services Sdn. Malaysia International Aerospace Centre Sdn Bhd. and Urusan Teknologi Wawasan Sdn, the Group has a total staff strength of over 10,000 deployed across 39 offices nationwide. MAHB has acquired Sabiha Gocken International Airport in Istanbul, Turkey. A Malaysia Airports owns Training Centre, located near Kuala Lumpur International Airport and these were established to cater for the training needs of all Malaysia Airports personnel. The MATCs have also used as a centre for security related programs conducted by International Civil Aviation Organisation. In addition, the MATCs provides expertise on security and safety matters to the Malaysian government. The company manages 39 airports in Malaysia, among them are, Other than Malaysia, the company currently manage one international airport outside of Malaysia. Sabiha Gökçen International Airport in Istanbul, Turkey Chartered Institute of Logistics and Transport Malaysia - Company of the Year 2007 List of airports in Malaysia Official website
Malaysia Airports
–
Malaysia Airports Holdings Berhad
3.
Seremban
–
Seremban is a town and the capital of Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia, located within Seremban District. The towns administration is run by the Seremban Municipal Council, on 9 September 2009, Seremban was to be declared as a city, however it was later deferred due to technical reasons. However, the idea of granting city status has been brought up again, Seremban was founded as Sungei Ujong, named after a nearby river of the same name. While the town was renamed Seremban thereafter, the Sungai Ujong name most prominently persists as a name for a road adjoining the southern side of town. The town is also referred alternately as Fu Rong among the Chinese-speaking community, Sungai Ujong came into existence with the discovery of tin ore in the 1870s like most major towns in Peninsular Malaysia. The discovery of tin in an area called Rasah, saw an influx of Arab, Malay and Chinese immigrants to work on the mines. Most of the local Malays were farmers, renamed to Seremban, the town flourished not only as a mining area but also a business centre. The Linggi River served as the outlet to ferry tin and supplies in. Revenue came not only from tin trade but also from the amount of taxes collected, much to the displeasure of the traders. The local chieftains, namely the Dato Kelana and the Dato Shahbandar of Sungai Ujong were at odds with other on the rights to collect taxes and ownership. The rivalry to assert influence and authority opened the door for British intervention in Negeri Sembilan, the British sided with the Dato Kelana upon invitation and defeated the forces of the Dato Bandar who was later sent into exile to Singapore. Captain Murray was appointed the first resident and later set-up his residence at Channer Road, soon after, the people living around Rasah moved to Channer Road for the sake of security and its orderly administration. Seremban is one of four state capitals that has not achieved city status, however, the Ministry of Housing and Local Government has approved Seremban to be declared a city by 9 September 2009. To achieve the city status, the government has agreed that Majlis Perbandaran Nilai. Menteri Besar Datuk Seri Mohamad Hasan said during the Tuanku Muhriz birthday Seremban is situated about 60 kilometres south from Kuala Lumpur and it is in the Linggi River valley, at the foothills of the Titiwangsa Range. The terrain is hilly, and the soil is mostly reddish laterite soil, suitable for the cultivation of rubber and palm oil. Since the establishment of Seremban, the Linggi River has played an important role in the development of the town, during the boom period of tin mining, the Linggi River was the major transportation route for tin traders. Today, it is one of the sources of water for Seremban
Seremban
–
Seremban
Seremban
–
Istana Ampang Tinggi Seremban
Seremban
–
Major Intersection of Seremban
Seremban
–
Wisma Negeri
4.
Malacca
–
Malacca, dubbed The Historic State, is a state in Malaysia and located in the southern region of the Malay Peninsula, next to the Strait of Malacca. The state is bordered by Negeri Sembilan to the north and west, the exclave of Tanjung Tuan also borders Negeri Sembilan to the north. This historical city centre has listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 7 July 2008. Although it was the location of one of the earliest Malay sultanates, the head of state is the Yang di-Pertua Negeri or Governor, rather than a Sultan. Before the arrival of the first Sultan, Malacca was a village inhabited by local Malays known as Orang Laut. Malacca was founded by Parameswara, also known as Iskandar Shah or Sri Majara and he found his way to Malacca around 1400 where he found a good port—it was accessible in all seasons and on the strategically located narrowest point of the Malacca Straits. According to a legend, Parameswara was resting under a tree near a river during a hunt. In self-defence, the mouse deer pushed the dog into the river, impressed by the courage of the deer, and taking it as a propitious omen of the weak overcoming the powerful, Parameswara decided then and there to found an empire on that very spot. He named it Melaka after the tree where he had just taken shelter at, prominent Malaysian artist Syed Thajudeen visually depicted the epic tale of the founding of Malacca on canvas. The Beginning, a 4 panel painting measuring 183 x 512 cm is now a permanent collection at Galeri Petronas, because of its strategic location, Malacca was an important stopping point for Zheng Hes fleet. Her attendants married locals and settled mostly in Bukit Cina, the Chinese Emperor also ordered the Malaccans to raise soldiers and fight back with violent force if the Vietnamese attacked them again. In April 1511, Alfonso de Albuquerque set sail from Goa to Malacca with a force of some 1200 men and seventeen or eighteen ships and they conquered the city on 24 August 1511. After seizing the city Afonso de Albuquerque spared the Hindu, Chinese and Burmese inhabitants but had the Muslim inhabitants massacred or sold into slavery and it soon became clear that Portuguese control of Malacca did not also mean they controlled Asian trade centred there. Their Malaccan rule was severely hampered by administrative and economic difficulties, rather than achieving their ambition of dominating Asian trade, the Portuguese had disrupted the organisation of the network. The centralised port of exchange of Asian wealth had now gone, trade was now scattered over a number of ports among bitter warfare in the Straits. The Jesuit missionary Francis Xavier spent several months in Malacca in 1545,1546, the Dutch launched several attacks on the Portuguese colony during the first four decades of the seventeenth century. The first attack took place in 1606 under the command of Dutch Admiral Cornelis Matelief de Jonge who laid siege to the town with the help of his Johor allies and he engaged the Portuguese armada which had been sent from Goa to offer armed relief to the besieged port. In 1641, the Dutch defeated the Portuguese in an effort to capture Malacca, the Dutch ruled Malacca from 1641 to 1798 but they were not interested in developing it as a trading centre, placing greater importance to Batavia on Java as their administrative centre
Malacca
–
The Strand, Malacca, circa 1860-1900.
Malacca
Malacca
–
Malacca Sultanate Palace Museum
Malacca
–
1630 map of the Portuguese fort and the city of Malacca
5.
Sepang
–
The Sepang District is a district located in the southern part of the state of Selangor in Malaysia. Formerly a small town, Sepang grew to its current size through several recent developments, Sepang District covers an area of 612 square kilometres, and had a population of 212,050 at the 2010 Census. Bagan Lalang in Sepang District is the location of development which will develop an eco-friendly tourist destination by Sepang Goldcoast. The Sepang International Circuit is the home of the Malaysian Grand Prix which is the Malaysian leg of the Formula One race and the Malaysian Motorcycle Grand Prix. The district of Sepang is also famous for the township of Cyberjaya, currently, over 250 multinational companies are located in Cyberjaya. The capital of Sepang district is Salak Tinggi, which took over from Sepang town, Sepang district is situated in the southern part of Selangor. It shares its border with Kuala Langat to the west, Petaling to the north, Hulu Langat to the northeast, Sepang also completely surrounds Putrajaya which is a Federal Territory. Malaysia Airlines also operates its Flight Management Building at KLIA, animonsta Studios has its headquarters in Cyberjaya. This project has received a reception from the citizens of Sepang. As of 29 November 2008, the proposal of the project is still on, Sepang travel guide from Wikivoyage Sepang F1 Circuit Official Website Kuala Lumpur International Airport KLIA Express Rail Link Sepang District at DMOZ Time To Attack, Sepang. - Malaysias First Time Attack Series Official Website
Sepang
–
Kuala Lumpur's major air hub;
Kuala Lumpur International Airport
Sepang
Sepang
–
Sepang International Circuit that have boosts the tourism sectors in Malaysia with yearly-scheduled racing held through the year
Sepang
–
Repsol Honda team during Motogp 800cc Test, November 06 at Sepang International Circuit
6.
Selangor
–
Selangor /səˈlæŋə/ also known by its Arabic honorific, Darul Ehsan, or Abode of Sincerity is one of the 13 states of Malaysia. It is on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia and is bordered by Perak to the north, Pahang to the east, Negeri Sembilan to the south and it surrounds the federal territories of Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya, both of which were previously part of Selangor. The state capital is Shah Alam, however the first city in Selangor, another major urban centre is Petaling Jaya which was awarded city status on 20 June 2006. Selangor is one of only two Malaysian states with more than one city, the other is Sarawak, Selangor has the largest city in Malaysia and it is growing rapidly due to modernisation in the Klang Valley. The state of Selangor has the largest economy in Malaysia in terms of domestic product with RM128.815 billion in 2010 making up 23% of the total GDP of Malaysia. This state is also the most developed in Malaysia with good infrastructure such as highways, the state also has the largest population in Malaysia, with a high standard of living and the states poverty rate is the lowest in the country. A more plausible theory claims the name is derived from the term Selang Ur meaning land of the straits Aur also means river in Malay. Hence, Selangor may mean river straits, a major problem with this hypothesis is that the word selang does not in fact mean strait in Malay, not even in obsolete usage according to the Kamus Dewan, the proper word for strait is selat. Another possible origin of the name is combination of the words Sela. It may be possible that the banks of the Selangor River was full of bamboo groves in the distant past, however bamboo do not grow well in the marshy soil of the lower reaches of the river. It is also possible that the word Selangor is an Orang Asli term as some rivers have Orang Asli names, in the 15th century, Selangor was ruled by the Sultanate of Malacca. After the fall of Malacca to the Portuguese in 1511, the area became disputed between the Portuguese, Johor, Aceh and Siam. When the Dutch displaced the Portuguese from Malacca in 1641, they brought in Muslim Bugis mercenaries from Sulawesi and they established the present hereditary sultanate in 1740. In many districts, Bugis settlers displaced the Minangkabau settlers from Sumatra, in the 19th century, the economy boomed due to the exploitation of huge tin reserves. In 1854, the Sultan of Selangor granted Raja Abdullah the control of Klang, passing over Raja Mahdi and this would eventually led to the Selangor Civil War of 1867 to 1874, which was essentially a struggle for control of the revenues from tin. Tin Mining also attracted an influx of Chinese migrant labourers. Chinese secret clan societies, allied with Selangor chiefs, fought for control of the tin mines, in 1874, Sultan Adbul Samad of Selangor accepted a British Resident in a system allowed the British to govern while the Sultan remained the apparent ruler. Under the stability imposed by the British, Selangor again prospered, the Federated Malay States evolved into the Federation of Malaya in 1948, which became independent in 1957, and Malaysia in 1963
Selangor
–
The
Kota Darul Ehsan arch over the
Federal Highway, which was built to commemorate the cession of
Kuala Lumpur by Selangor to the federal government to form a Federal Territory.
Selangor
–
Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Mosque or Blue Mosque in Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
Selangor
–
The palace of the
Sultan of Selangor in
Klang.
Selangor
–
Northport Malaysia Wharf in
Port Klang.
7.
Malaysia
–
Malaysia is a federal constitutional monarchy located in Southeast Asia. Peninsular Malaysia shares a land and maritime border with Thailand and maritime borders with Singapore, Vietnam, East Malaysia shares land and maritime borders with Brunei and Indonesia and a maritime border with the Philippines and Vietnam. The capital city is Kuala Lumpur, while Putrajaya is the seat of the federal government, with a population of over 30 million, Malaysia is the 44th most populous country. The southernmost point of continental Eurasia, Tanjung Piai, is in Malaysia, located in the tropics, Malaysia is one of 17 megadiverse countries on earth, with large numbers of endemic species. Malaysia has its origins in the Malay kingdoms present in the area which, from the 18th century, the first British territories were known as the Straits Settlements, whose establishment was followed by the Malay kingdoms becoming British protectorates. The territories on Peninsular Malaysia were first unified as the Malayan Union in 1946, Malaya was restructured as the Federation of Malaya in 1948, and achieved independence on 31 August 1957. Malaya united with North Borneo, Sarawak, and Singapore on 16 September 1963 to become Malaysia, less than two years later in 1965, Singapore was expelled from the federation. The country is multi-ethnic and multi-cultural, which plays a role in politics. About half the population is ethnically Malay, with minorities of Malaysian Chinese, Malaysian Indians. The constitution declares Islam the state religion while allowing freedom of religion for non-Muslims, the government system is closely modelled on the Westminster parliamentary system and the legal system is based on common law. The head of state is the king, known as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong and he is an elected monarch chosen from the hereditary rulers of the nine Malay states every five years. The head of government is the prime minister, since its independence, Malaysia has had one of the best economic records in Asia, with its GDP growing at an average of 6. 5% per annum for almost 50 years. The economy has traditionally been fuelled by its resources, but is expanding in the sectors of science, tourism, commerce. Today, Malaysia has a newly industrialised market economy, ranked third largest in Southeast Asia, the name Malaysia is a combination of the word Malay and the Latin-Greek suffix -sia/-σία. The word melayu in Malay may derive from the Tamil words malai and ur meaning mountain and city, land, malayadvipa was the word used by ancient Indian traders when referring to the Malay Peninsula. Whether or not it originated from these roots, the word melayu or mlayu may have used in early Malay/Javanese to mean to steadily accelerate or run. This term was applied to describe the current of the river Melayu in Sumatra. The name was adopted by the Melayu Kingdom that existed in the seventh century on Sumatra
Malaysia
–
"Malaysia" used as a label for the
Malay Archipelago on a 1914 map from a United States atlas
Malaysia
–
Flag
Malaysia
–
The Dutch fleet battling with the Portuguese armada as part of the
Dutch–Portuguese War in 1606 to gain control of
Malacca.
Malaysia
–
Statue of
Francis Light in the
Fort Cornwallis of Penang, marking the first step of
British expansion in the 18th century over the Malay Archipelago.
8.
Airline hub
–
Airline hubs or hub airports are used by one or more airliners to concentrate passenger traffic and flight operations at a given airport. They serve as points to get passengers to their final destination. It is part of the hub-and-spoke system, an airline operates flights from several non-hub cities to the hub airport, and passengers traveling between spoke cities need to connect through the hub. This paradigm creates economies of scale that allow an airline to serve city-pairs that could not be economically served on a non-stop basis. This system contrasts with the point-to-point model, in there are no hubs. Hub airports also serve origin and destination traffic, the hub-and-spoke system allows an airline to serve fewer routes, so fewer aircraft are needed. The system also increases passenger loads, a flight from a hub to a spoke carries not just passengers originating at the hub, additional employees and facilities are needed to cater to connecting passengers. To serve spoke cities of varying populations and demand, an airline requires several aircraft types, in addition, airlines may experience capacity constraints as they expand at their hub airports. For the passenger, the system offers one-stop air service to a wide array of destinations. However, having to make connections en route to their final destination increases travel time. Additionally, airlines can come to monopolise their hubs, allowing them to increase fares. Airlines may operate banks of flights at their hubs, in several flights arrive. The banks may be known as peaks of activity at the hubs, banking allows for short connection times for passengers. In addition, banking could result in inefficient aircraft utilisation, with aircraft waiting at spoke cities for the next bank, instead, some airlines have debanked their hubs, introducing a rolling hub in which flight arrivals and departures are spread throughout the day. This phenomenon is known as depeaking. While costs may decrease, connection times are longer at a rolling hub, American Airlines was the first to depeak its hubs, trying to improve profitability following the September 11 attacks. It rebanked its hubs in 2015, however, feeling the gain in connecting passengers would outweigh the rise in costs, the hub-and-spoke system is also used by some cargo airlines. FedEx Express established its main hub in Memphis in 1973, prior to the deregulation of the air industry in the United States
Airline hub
–
Frankfurt Airport serves as a hub city for
Lufthansa and receives flights from
Star Alliance carriers, among other airlines.
9.
AirAsia
–
AirAsia Berhad is a Malaysian low-cost airline headquartered near Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It is the largest airline in Malaysia by fleet size and destinations, AirAsia Group operates scheduled domestic and international flights to more than 165 destinations spanning 25 countries. Its main hub is klia2, the low-cost carrier terminal at Kuala Lumpur International Airport in Sepang, Selangor, AirAsias registered office is in Petaling Jaya, Selangor while its head office is at Kuala Lumpur International Airport. AirAsia operates with the worlds lowest unit cost of US$0.023 per available seat kilometre, in 2007 Joshua Kurlantzick of The New York Times described the airline as a pioneer of low-cost travel in Asia. AirAsia is the sponsor of Malaysia national football team, Singapore national football team, AirAsia is also a former sponsor of Manchester United and Asia Red Tour. AirAsia has consistently named as the worlds best low cost carrier for 8 years in a row in international travel and airline awards. AirAsia was established in 1993 and began operations on 18 November 1996 and it was founded by a government-owned conglomerate, DRB-Hicom. In 2003, AirAsia opened a hub at Senai International Airport in Johor Bahru near Singapore. AirAsia subsequently started its Thai AirAsia affiliate, and began flights to Singapore, flights to Macau started in June 2004, and flights to mainland China and the Philippines in April 2005. Flights to Vietnam and Cambodia followed in 2005 and to Brunei and Myanmar in 2006, in August 2006, AirAsia took over Malaysia Airliness Rural Air Service routes in Sabah and Sarawak, operating under the FlyAsianXpress brand. The routes were returned to MASwings a year later, citing commercial reasons, at the end of 2006, Fernandes unveiled a five-year plan to further enhance AirAsias presence in Asia. Through its sister companies, Thai AirAsia and Indonesia AirAsia, the called for a focus on developing its hub in Bangkok. With increased frequency and the addition of new routes, AirAsia increased passenger volume to 13.9 million in its 2007 fiscal year, during 2007, passengers from The Barrier-Free Environment and Accessible Transport Group protested against the airline over its refusal to fly passengers who were completely immobile. They claimed that people with disabilities were discriminated against when booking tickets online, on 27 September 2008, the company announced 106 new routes to be added to its list of 60. The number of old routes discontinued has not been disclosed, in August 2011, AirAsia agreed to form an alliance with Malaysia Airlines by means of a share swap. The alliance was struck down by the Malaysian government, in effect voiding the agreement of both airlines, by early 2013, AirAsias profits increased by 168% on a year-over-year basis compared to the same period in 2012. For the quarter ending 31 December 2012, the net profit stood at 350.65 million ringgit. Despite a 1% rise in the fuel price, the airline recorded profits of 1.88 billion ringgit for its full 2012 fiscal year
AirAsia
–
An AirAsia
Boeing 737-300 in special livery denoting the
Malaysian flag.
AirAsia
–
AirAsia
AirAsia
–
AirAsia
Airbus A320 departing
Kuala Lumpur International Airport
AirAsia
–
An AirAsia A320 with the
Malaysian flag on the tail and Cartoon drawings on the fuselage.
10.
AirAsia X
–
AirAsia X Berhad, operating as AirAsia X, is a long-haul budget airline based in Malaysia, and a sister company of AirAsia. It commenced operations on 2 November 2007 with its first service flown from Kuala Lumpur International Airport, Malaysia, AirAsia X flies to destinations within Asia and Australia. The airline operates a fleet of 31 aircraft and has placed orders for 76 more, AirAsia X is the medium and long-haul operation of the brand AirAsia, which is Asias largest low-cost carrier. The franchise is able to keep costs down by using a common ticketing system, aircraft livery, employee uniforms, on 17 May 2007, Tony Fernandes announced plans to commence flights from Malaysia to Australia. Fernandes said he would be avoiding Sydney Airport due to its high fees, instead the airline would concentrate on cheaper alternatives such as Melbournes Avalon Airport, Williamtown Airport in Newcastle, and Adelaide Airport. Sustained fares were predicted to be around MYR800 for a return fare, interest was also expressed in using Gold Coast Airport as another Australian destination. Several major developments were announced on 10 August 2007, AirAsia X announced its first route from Kuala Lumpur to the Gold Coast. One way fares for this route have been touted to begin at MYR50 excluding taxes and charges, with average return prices to be approximately MYR1,800, inclusive of taxes and charges. The airline also announced that Sir Richard Branson of the Virgin Group, will take a 20% share in the airline to help kick-start its long haul operations and to finance its aircraft purchases. Branson also forecast a strong possibility of future, formal links between Virgin Blue and AirAsia X, including codeshare agreements and Loyalty programs, the first AirAsia X aircraft arrived at Kuala Lumpur International Airport on 15 September 2007. It was named Semangat Sir Freddie after the pioneer and founder of the low cost model, FlyAsianXpress was an airline based in Sarawak, Malaysia. It operated services on some of the routes dropped by national carrier Malaysia Airlines. Its routes have since taken over by MASwings. FAX was privately owned by Kamarudin Meranun, Raja Razali, Raja Azmi, the airline was subcontracted by AirAsia to operate several domestic services following the withdrawal of Malaysia Airlines from rural air service routes within East Malaysia. Its maiden flight was on 1 August 2006, despite being delayed for 50 minutes by bad weather, FAX was not a low cost carrier, but it incorporated some of AirAsia’s practices to reduce cost. Namely, internet and phone bookings, as well as ticketless check-in systems, within days of operation it was subject to a flood of criticisms from commuters, civil servants, and people working in the tourism industry. As well as cost, the airline was criticised for poor service, FAX released a new flight timetable citing the sudden need for heavy maintenance on its Fokker 50 fleet as the trigger for severe disruption to its schedules. On 11 April 2007, Tony Fernandes, CEO of the parent company of FAX, publicised details of an offer of FAXs rural routes, to Firefly
AirAsia X
–
An AirAsia X Airbus A330-300 taxiing at
Melbourne Airport
AirAsia X
–
AirAsia X
AirAsia X
–
KLIA LCCT, which houses the AirAsia X head office
AirAsia X
–
AirAsia X Airbus A340-300 approaching
London Stansted Airport
11.
Malaysia Airlines
–
Malaysia Airlines is the flag carrier of Malaysia and a member of the oneworld airline alliance. The companys headquarters are located at Kuala Lumpur International Airport, Malaysia Airlines owns two subsidiary airlines, Firefly and MASwings. Firefly operates scheduled flights from its two home bases Penang International Airport and Subang International Airport, the airline focuses on tertiary cities. Malaysia Airlines has a freighter operated by MASkargo, which manages freighter flights. The airline began as Malayan Airways Limited and flew its first commercial flight in 1947, Malayan Airways was headquartered in Singapore. In 2013, the airline initiated a plan after large losses beginning in 2011 and cut routes to prominent. Malaysia Airlines also began a restructuring and intended to sell units such as engineering. In 2014, Malaysia Airlines lost two aircraft—Flight 370 and Flight 17—less than five months apart, exacerbating the airlines financial troubles and leading to the renationalisation of the airline. Prior to 2014, MAS had one of the worlds best safety records—just two fatal accidents in 68 years of operation, including the hijacking in 1977 of Flight 653 that resulted in 100 deaths. In 1947, the airline began as Malayan Airways, being renamed Malaysian Airways after Malaysia gained independence, after that, it changed its name once more to Malaysia-Singapore Airlines. MSA ceased operations in 1972, and two airlines were born — Malaysian Airline System and Singapore Airlines, scheduled air passenger and mail services in Malaya commenced in 1937 when Wearnes Air Service commenced operating services between Singapore, Kuala Lumpur and Penang. Wearnes Air Service was started by two Australian brothers, Theodore and Charles Wearnes, the service commenced as a thrice weekly flight between Singapore and Penang. The first flight, using an 8-seater de Havilland DH. 89A enabled the expansion to daily services as well as the addition of Ipoh as a destination, during World War II, WAS services ceased after the Japanese occupation of Malaya and Singapore in 1941. After the war, MAL was restructured to include just the partnership of Straits Steamship, the airlines first flight was a charter flight from the British Straits Settlement of Singapore to Kuala Lumpur, on 2 April 1947, using an Airspeed Consul twin-engined aircraft. This inaugural flight on the Raja Udang, with five passengers. Weekly scheduled flights quickly followed from Singapore to Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, by 1955, Malayan Airways fleet had grown to include a large number of Douglas DC-3s, and finally went public in 1957. Over the next few years, the airline expanded rapidly, boosted by post-war air travel demand when flying became more than a privilege for the rich and famous. By April 1960, the airline was operating Douglas DC-3s, Super Constellations and Viscounts on new routes from Singapore to Hong Kong, flights were also introduced from Singapore to cities in the Borneo Territories, including Brunei, Jesselton, Kuching, Sandakan and Sibu
Malaysia Airlines
–
An
Airspeed Consul, the first aircraft type operated by
Malayan Airways.
Malaysia Airlines
–
An
MSA Boeing 707 at
Zürich-Kloten Airport. (1972)
Malaysia Airlines
–
Boeing 737-200 of MAS at
Brunei International Airport in 1987.
Malaysia Airlines
–
Malaysia Airlines
DC-10-30, a backbone for the medium-long haul expansion of the airline from 1976 to March 2000.
12.
Malindo Air
–
Malindo Airways Sdn Bhd is a Malaysian hybrid airline with headquarters in Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia. The name Malindo is derived from the names Malaysia and Indonesia, the entry of AirAsia from Malaysia in the home turf of Lion Air has encouraged the Indonesian airline to enter the Malaysian market with a subsidiary airline. The attempted deal resulted in a war between Lion Air, Indonesias biggest low-cost carrier, and AirAsia, Asias biggest low-cost carrier. Mr Chandran Ramamurthy, personal assistant executive to the president director of Lion Air, has appointed as CEO of Malindo Air. The airlines inaugural flights began operations on 22 March 2013, furthermore, Wi-Fi service will be available from June 2013 onwards. The combination of the amenities, services and low cost fares puts Malindo Air in the category of hybrid airline, the IFE is based on Panasonic eXLite with 9 inch touchscreens in Economy class and 11.1 inch touchscreens in Business Class, capable of gestures. Full meals are served in Business class, the airline also has expanded on a parallel turboprop service, focusing mainly on secondary routes within a 2-hour radius from Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport. Pioneer destinations include Penang, Johor Bahru and Kota Bharu, the flights have commenced in early June 2013. In early 2017, the parent company Lion Air is expected to re-brand Malindo Air to Batik Malaysia which will focus on international routes while Batik Air serves domestic routes in Indonesia. The re-branding exercise had been put on hold as it could be seen on the newly delivered B737-800 aircraft, and recently, Qatar Airways also became their interline partner as well. Malindo Air codeshares with the airlines, • Batik Air Malindo Airs minority shareholder Lion Air intends to start operations with 12 Boeing 737-900ER aircraft. The company is planning to increase its size to 100 planes over the next ten years. Malindo Air Malindo Holidays Malindo Air at Airpaz
Malindo Air
–
Oasis Damansara, which houses the Malindo Air head office
Malindo Air
–
A Malindo Air
737-900ER getting airborne from
Kuching International Airport
Malindo Air
–
Business Class on a Malindo Air
Boeing 737-900ER.
Malindo Air
–
Economy Class on a Malindo Air
Boeing 737-900ER.
13.
MASkargo
–
MAB Kargo operating as MASkargo is a cargo airline with its head office in the Advanced Cargo Centre on the grounds of Kuala Lumpur International Airport in Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia. It is a division of its parent company Malaysia Airlines that operates scheduled. The company was established in 1972 to handle the delivery of cargo around the world via Malaysia Airlines global network of routes, back then, MASkargo handled 30,000 tonnes of cargo. It became a subsidiary of Malaysia Airlines in April 1997 with two Boeing 747-200F freighters from the parent company, now, at the new cargo facility located in the Advanced Cargo Centre KLIA, MASkargo has the capacity to serve customers cargo needs up to a million tonnes. On 30 April 2015, Malaysia Airlines announced to lease out or sell MASkargos entire fleet due to its ongoing financial crisis. On 1 November 2015, Malaysia Airlines CEO told reporters MASkargo would not be shut down, in October 2016 both Boeing 747-400 planes are phased out and a third Airbus A330-200F which was stored for 6 months, was added to the fleet. A designated air-zone has been established in Port Klang to facilitate this, a collaboration with MASkargo and Port Klang Terminal Operators, the I-port aims to promote Port Klang/KLIA as the load centre for sea and air traffic in the region. Kuala Lumpurs location on the flight routes of Asia is a fact worth mentioning as are the low operation costs. The I-port sees a hassle-free transfer of cargo from the seaport in Port Klang to MASkargos Advanced Cargo Centre, with the introduction of AFTA beginning January 2003, the movement of cargo within the region is expected to increase substantially. I-PORT is listed in the Malaysian Guinness Book of Records as the first service of its kind in Malaysia, scheduled truck flight services, from i-PORTS to airports, i-secure is a new airport-to-airport logistics facility from MASkargo. Designed for all vulnerable cargo requiring high security service every step of the way, Cargo under this service will be stored in a permanent-surveillance area prior to being transported. Types of cargo supported by i-secure include semi-conductor products, consumer electronics, cameras, CD-ROM, computers, watches, the new i-secure service from MASkargo caters specifically for priority and secure cargo shipments. I-secure is currently available at Malaysia Airlines stations worldwide, i-secure benefits include, Security arrangements at airport of origin, transit and destination. Opened in 1998, the same year KLIA began operations, the MASkargo Animal Hotel started as a centre catering to inbound animal shipments for staging and this changed on 15 June 2004 when the Animal Hotel became a one-stop-centre. The activities included import, export and transshipment delivery and payment, only then did it transform into a 6-star facility. The MASkargo Animal Hotel is reputed to be one of the best in the world, the MASkargo Animal Hotel has over 1,297 sq m of space. The animals and pets are given space to roam before their flight of upon arrival. The MASkargo Animal Hotel is the sole Animal Hotel in Asia, the facility caters to animals such as horses, tigers, fishes, birds, reptiles and elephants
MASkargo
–
MASkargo Boeing 747-200F, registration TF-ARN, operated by Air Atlanta Icelandic
MASkargo
–
MASkargo Boeing 747-200F, registration TF-ATX, operated by Air Atlanta Icelandic
MASkargo
–
MASkargo Boeing 747-400F, registration 9M-MPS, in previous livery
MASkargo
–
History
14.
UPS Airlines
–
UPS Airlines is an American cargo airline owned by United Parcel Service Inc. The company is headquartered in Louisville, Kentucky and its international all-points air hub, Worldport, is based at Louisville International Airport. The pilots are represented by the Independent Pilots Association, the origin of transporting packages by air for UPS dates to 1929, much like the U. S Postal Service, UPS packages were transported as baggage on commercial airline flights. Many packages were shipped by the Ford Trimotors of United Airlines, after Black Tuesday and the beginning of the Great Depression, the air service would be discontinued by the end of 1931. After World War II, UPS revisited the idea of shipping packages by air, starting in 1953, 2-day delivery was offered on coast-to-coast packages, the service was called Blue Label Air. As before, volume was transported via commercial flights, initially unprofitable, Blue Label Air became popular as its speed created enough demand to maintain a profit. In 1975, UPS started its first international operations as it moved into Canada, the following year it started a service into Germany. As UPS had become an international company, the need for its own fleet of aircraft was becoming more clearly apparent. Additionally, competitor Federal Express, with its own jet fleet, was making inroads on UPS and had become profitable for the first time in 1976, in 1980 UPS opened its first major hub, located in Louisville, Kentucky. The location was largely because it is no more than three hours flying distance from the majority of the continental United States. In addition, Louisville has relatively mild weather and is at the westernmost point of the Eastern time zone, also in the early 1980s the company began acquiring a fleet of jet aircraft recently retired from commercial aircraft duty comprising Douglas DC-8s, Boeing 727-100s and Boeing 747-100s. In 1988, UPS Airlines was founded, at the time of its founding, UPS had a route network serving 41 countries connecting the United States to Asia, coinciding with the launch of its airline, UPS expanded and modernized its jet fleet with a major aircraft purchase. In place of converted passenger aircraft, UPS purchased dedicated freighter variants of the Boeing 757 and Boeing 767, starting in 1987,75 757-200s were added to the fleet while 32 767-300s were added to the fleet starting in 1995. With most of its aircraft flying primarily on weeknights, the airline was eager to find ways to produce income from its fleet. In the 1990s, eight 727 freighters were converted into 727-100QC freighters with the ability to be re-converted into passenger aircraft for the purpose of chartered flights, during the 2000s, the makeup of the UPS Airlines fleet saw extensive change. In 2000, the first Airbus A300 freighters entered service, marking the entry of the first non-Boeing/Douglas aircraft to the fleet, the airline ordered 90 of the freighters. In 2001, after disappointing results, UPS withdrew its 727 quick-change freighters from charter service, the same year, UPS began its first flights to China, six days a week. As part of the rebranding from United Parcel Service to UPS in early 2003
UPS Airlines
–
UPS emblem on the vertical stabilizer of a Boeing aircraft
UPS Airlines
–
A UPS Boeing 727-100 in Louisville, Kentucky in the 1988-2003 livery
UPS Airlines
–
A UPS DC-8-71F in Miami, Florida
UPS Airlines
–
Boeing 767-300F in Japan
15.
Geographic coordinate system
–
A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system used in geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation, to specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map projection. The invention of a coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy credited him with the adoption of longitude and latitude. Ptolemys 2nd-century Geography used the prime meridian but measured latitude from the equator instead. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes recovery of Ptolemys text a little before 1300, in 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference, attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, the Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911, the latitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through the center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels, as they are parallel to the equator, the north pole is 90° N, the south pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the equator, the plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the longitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses, which converge at the north and south poles, the prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres, although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E, the combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The grid formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a graticule, the origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km south of Tema, Ghana. To completely specify a location of a feature on, in, or above Earth. Earth is not a sphere, but a shape approximating a biaxial ellipsoid. It is nearly spherical, but has an equatorial bulge making the radius at the equator about 0. 3% larger than the radius measured through the poles, the shorter axis approximately coincides with the axis of rotation
Geographic coordinate system
–
Longitude lines are perpendicular and latitude lines are parallel to the equator.
16.
Peninsular Malaysia
–
Peninsular Malaysia, also known as West Malaysia, is the part of Malaysia which lies on the Malay Peninsula and surrounding islands. Its area is 130,598 square kilometres and it shares a land border with Thailand in the north. To the south is the island of Singapore, across the Strait of Malacca to the west lies the island of Sumatra. East Malaysia is to the east across the South China Sea, Peninsular Malaysia accounts for the majority of Malaysias population and economy, as of 2015 its population is roughly 25 million. In 1963, the name Malaysia was adopted by the new federation uniting the Federation of Malaya, North Borneo, Sarawak, at the time, the Philippines had also contemplated adopting the name. Peninsular Malaysia is also known as West Malaysia or Malaya, in current everyday usage the word Malaya is almost always used jocularly, e. g. Gempar satu Malaya. Which roughly means shakes the whole of Malaya, the term Malaya generally included Singapore until 1946, when Singapore was excluded from the formation of Malayan Union. In Singapore law, Malaya includes Singapore, whereas the term States of Malaya does not, the majority of people on Peninsular Malaysia are ethnic Malays, predominantly Muslim. Large Chinese and Indian populations exist, the Orang Asli are the indigenous people of Peninsular Malaysia, they numbered around 140,000 and mostly lived in inland parts of the region. Unlike the East Coast, the West Coast is partitioned further into three regions, including, The Northern Region, Perlis, Kedah, Penang and Perak, the Central Region, Selangor and the federal territories of Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya. The Southern Region, Negeri Sembilan, Malacca and Johor Even though Johor has a coastline facing the South China Sea and these rights were granted as part of Sarawaks 18-point agreement and Sabahs 20-point agreement with Federation of Malaya in forming the Federation of Malaysia. Malaya Malayan dollar Peninsular Malaysia travel guide from Wikivoyage
Peninsular Malaysia
–
A map of Peninsular Malaysia.
17.
Runway
–
According to the International Civil Aviation Organization, a runway is a defined rectangular area on a land aerodrome prepared for the landing and takeoff of aircraft. Runways may be a surface or a natural surface. Runways are named by a number between 01 and 36, which is generally the magnetic azimuth of the heading in decadegrees. This heading differs from true north by the magnetic declination. A runway numbered 09 points east, runway 18 is south, runway 27 points west, when taking off from or landing on runway 09, a plane would be heading 90°. A runway can normally be used in both directions, and is named for each separately, e. g. runway 33 in one direction is runway 15 when used in the other. The two numbers usually differ by 18, Runway Zero Three Left becomes Runway Two One Right when used in the opposite direction. In some countries, if parallel runways are too close to each other, at large airports with four or more parallel runways some runway identifiers are shifted by 10 degrees to avoid the ambiguity that would result with more than three parallel runways. For example, in Los Angeles, this results in runways 6L, 6R, 7L. At Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport, there are five parallel runways, named 17L, 17C, 17R, 18L, for clarity in radio communications, each digit in the runway name is pronounced individually, runway three six, runway one four, etc. A leading zero, for example in runway zero six or runway zero one left, is included for all ICAO, however, most U. S. civil aviation airports drop the leading zero as required by FAA regulation. This also includes some military airfields such as Cairns Army Airfield and this American anomaly may lead to inconsistencies in conversations between American pilots and controllers in other countries. It is very common in a such as Canada for a controller to clear an incoming American aircraft to, for example, runway 04. In flight simulation programs those of American origin might apply U. S. usage to airports around the world, for example, runway 05 at Halifax will appear on the program as the single digit 5 rather than 05. Runway designations change over time because the magnetic poles slowly drift on the Earths surface, depending on the airport location and how much drift takes place, it may be necessary over time to change the runway designation. As runways are designated with headings rounded to the nearest 10 degrees, for example, if the magnetic heading of a runway is 233 degrees, it would be designated Runway 23. If the magnetic heading changed downwards by 5 degrees to 228, if on the other hand the original magnetic heading was 226, and the heading decreased by only 2 degrees to 224, the runway should become Runway 22. Because the drift itself is slow, runway designation changes are uncommon
Runway
–
A runway at
Brussels Airport
Runway
–
Runway of
Chennai International Airport,
Chennai, India
Runway
–
Runways at
Stockholm-Arlanda Airport
Runway
–
Runway sign at
Madrid-Barajas Airport, Spain
18.
Asphalt concrete
–
Asphalt concrete is a composite material commonly used to surface roads, parking lots, airports, as well as the core of embankment dams. It consists of mineral aggregate bound together with asphalt, laid in layers, the process was refined and enhanced by Belgian inventor and U. S. immigrant Edward de Smedt. The abbreviation AC is sometimes used for asphalt concrete but can also denote asphalt content or asphalt cement, mixing is generally performed with the aggregate at about 300 °F for virgin asphalt and 330 °F for polymer modified asphalt, and the asphalt cement at 200 °F. Paving and compaction must be performed while the asphalt is sufficiently hot, in many countries paving is restricted to summer months because in winter the compacted base will cool the asphalt too much before it is able to be packed to the required density. HMAC is the form of asphalt concrete most commonly used on high traffic pavements such as those on major highways, racetracks and it is also used as an environmental liner for landfills, reservoirs, and fish hatchery ponds. Superpave, short for superior performing asphalt pavement, is a pavement system designed to provide longer lasting roadways, key components of the system are careful selection of binders and aggregates, volumetric proportioning of ingredients, and evaluation of the finished product. Warm mix asphalt concrete is produced by adding either zeolites, waxes, asphalt emulsions and this allows significantly lower mixing and laying temperatures and results in lower consumption of fossil fuels, thus releasing less carbon dioxide, aerosols and vapors. The usage of additives in hot mixed asphalt may afford easier compaction. Use of warm mix is rapidly expanding, a survey of US asphalt producers found that nearly 25% of asphalt produced in 2012 was warm mix, a 416% increase since 2009. Cold mix asphalt concrete is produced by emulsifying the asphalt in water with soap prior to mixing with the aggregate, while in its emulsified state the asphalt is less viscous and the mixture is easy to work and compact. The emulsion will break after enough water evaporates and the mix will, ideally. Cold mix is used as a patching material and on lesser trafficked service roads. Cut-back asphalt concrete is a form of cold mix asphalt produced by dissolving the binder in kerosene or another lighter fraction of petroleum prior to mixing with the aggregate, while in its dissolved state the asphalt is less viscous and the mix is easy to work and compact. After the mix is laid down the lighter fraction evaporates, because of concerns with pollution from the volatile organic compounds in the lighter fraction, cut-back asphalt has been largely replaced by asphalt emulsion. Mastic asphalt concrete or sheet asphalt is produced by heating hard grade blown bitumen in a green cooker until it has become a liquid after which the aggregate mix is then added. Mastic asphalt concrete is laid to a thickness of around 3⁄4–1 3⁄16 inches for footpath and road applications. HMAC layers are used both in reinforcement operations and in the construction of new reinforcements for medium and heavy traffic, in base layers, they tend to exhibit a greater capacity of absorbing tensions and, in general, better fatigue resistance. In addition to the asphalt and aggregate, additives, such as polymers, Asphalt concrete pavements—especially those at airfields—are sometimes called tarmac for historical reasons, although they do not contain tar and are not constructed using the macadam process
Asphalt concrete
–
Asphalt batch mix plant
Asphalt concrete
–
A machine laying asphalt concrete, fed from a dump truck
Asphalt concrete
–
As shown in this cross-section, many older roadways are smoothed by applying a thin layer of asphalt concrete to the existing
portland cement concrete, creating a
composite pavement.
Asphalt concrete
–
Blacktopping machine in operation in
Laredo,
Texas
19.
Malay language
–
Malay is a major language of the Austronesian family. It has a status in Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia. As the Bahasa Kebangsaan or Bahasa Nasional of several states, Standard Malay has various official names, in Singapore and Brunei it is called Bahasa Melayu, in Malaysia, Bahasa Malaysia, and in Indonesia, Bahasa Indonesia and is designated the Bahasa Persatuan/Pemersatu. However, in areas of central to southern Sumatra where the language is indigenous, Indonesians refer to it as Bahasa Melayu and consider it one of their regional languages. There are also several Malay trade and creole languages which are based on a lingua franca derived from Classical Malay, as well as Macassar Malay, Malay historical linguists agree on the likelihood of the Malay homeland being in western Borneo stretching to the Bruneian coast. A form known as Proto-Malay language was spoken in Borneo at least by 1000 BCE and was, it has been argued, the ancestral language of all subsequent Malayan languages. The history of the Malay language can be divided into five periods, Old Malay, the Transitional Period, the Malacca Period, Late Modern Malay and it is not clear that Old Malay was actually the ancestor of Classical Malay, but this is thought to be quite possible. Old Malay was influenced by Sanskrit literary language of Classical India, Sanskrit loanwords can be found in Old Malay vocabulary. Batenburg on November 29,1920 at Kedukan Bukit, South Sumatra, on the banks of the Tatang and it is a small stone of 45 by 80 centimetres. The earliest surviving manuscript in Malay is the Tanjong Tanah Law in post-Pallava letters and this 14th-century pre-Islamic legal text produced in the Adityawarman era of Dharmasraya, a Hindu-Buddhist kingdom that arose after the end of Srivijayan rule in Sumatra. The laws were for the Minangkabau people, who still live in the highlands of Sumatra. The Malay language came into use as the lingua franca of the Malacca Sultanate. During this period, the Malay language developed rapidly under the influence of Islamic literature, the development changed the nature of the language with massive infusion of Arabic, Malayalam and Sanskrit vocabularies, called Classical Malay. Under the Sultanate of Malacca the language evolved into a form recognisable to speakers of modern Malay, however, there is no connection between Malaccan Malay as used on Riau and the Riau vernacular. One of the oldest surviving letters written in Malay is a letter from Sultan Abu Hayat of Ternate, Maluku Islands in present-day Indonesia, the letter is addressed to the king of Portugal, following contact with Portuguese explorer Francisco Serrão. The letters show sign of non-native usage, the Ternateans used the unrelated Ternate language, Malay was used solely as a lingua franca for inter-ethnic communications. Malay is a member of the Austronesian family of languages, which includes languages from Southeast Asia, malagasy, a geographic outlier spoken in Madagascar in the Indian Ocean, is also a member of this language family. Although each language of the family is mutually unintelligible, their similarities are rather striking, many roots have come virtually unchanged from their common ancestor, Proto-Austronesian language
Malay language
–
Malay Traffic-signs
Malay language
–
Koc Wanita street sign in Malay.
20.
Busiest airports in Malaysia
–
The busiest airports in Malaysia are measured according to data presented by Malaysia Airports Holdings Berhad. Among all top 20 busiest airports, the Kuala Lumpur International Airport is the airport which can land the A380. KLIA also has the longest runway in Malaysia, with 24,000 and 14, 124m runways. A passenger is described as a person who departs, arrives or passes in condition of transit through any airport located between the borders of Malaysia at any point of time during a year. The following is a list of 10 busiest airports in Malaysia in terms of handling traffic. The cargo numbers are in metric tonnes, the following is a list of 10 busiest airports in Malaysia in terms of number of commercial aircraft movements. The following is a list of 10 busiest airports in Malaysia in terms of aircraft movements. This may include commercial, private, training and military aircraft, the busiest air route between two airports within Malaysia is the Kuala Lumpur - Kota Kinabalu sector. This sector is also the 45th busiest air route in the world for the period of August to September 2011, the second busiest route is the Kuala Lumpur - Kuching sector. KLIA info pages Malaysia Airports Holdings Berhad Department of Civil Aviation, Malaysia Ministry of Transport, Malaysia
Busiest airports in Malaysia
–
Kuala Lumpur International Airport is
the 12th busiest airport in the world by international passenger traffic
Busiest airports in Malaysia
–
Kota Kinabalu International Airport is the country's second busiest airport and
East Malaysia 's most important air hub
Busiest airports in Malaysia
–
The city of
Penang is served by the homonymous airport, currently the country's third busiest airport
Busiest airports in Malaysia
–
Kuching International Airport at Night
21.
Kuala Lumpur
–
Kuala Lumpur, officially the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, or more commonly called KL is the national capital of Malaysia as well as its largest city. Being rated as an Alpha world city, Kuala Lumpur is the global city in Malaysia which covers an area of 243 km2 and has an estimated population of 1.73 million as of 2016. Greater Kuala Lumpur, also known as the Klang Valley, is an agglomeration of 7.25 million people as of 2017. It is among the fastest growing regions in South-East Asia, in terms of population. Kuala Lumpur is the seat of the Parliament of Malaysia, the city was once home to the executive and judicial branches of the federal government, but they were moved to Putrajaya in early 1999. Some sections of the judiciary still remain in the city of Kuala Lumpur. The official residence of the Malaysian King, the Istana Negara, is situated in Kuala Lumpur. Kuala Lumpur is the cultural, financial and economic centre of Malaysia due to its position as the capital as well as being a key city. Kuala Lumpur is one of three Federal Territories of Malaysia, enclaved within the state of Selangor, on the central west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Since the 1990s, the city has played host to international sporting, political and cultural events including the 1998 Commonwealth Games. Kuala Lumpur has undergone rapid development in recent decades and it is home to the tallest twin buildings in the world, the Petronas Twin Towers, which have become an iconic symbol of Malaysias futuristic development. Kuala Lumpur means muddy confluence, kuala is the point where two rivers join together or an estuary, and lumpur means mud. One suggestion is that it was named after Sungai Lumpur, it was recorded in 1824 that Sungei Lumpoor was the most important tin-producing settlement up the Klang River. It has also proposed that Kuala Lumpur was originally named Pengkalan Lumpur in the same way that Klang was once called Pengkalan Batu. Another suggestion is that it was initially a Cantonese word lam-pa meaning flooded jungle or decayed jungle, there is however no firm contemporary evidence for these suggestions other than anecdotes. It is also possible that the name is a form of an earlier. It is unknown who founded or named the settlement called Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur was originally a small hamlet of just a few houses and shops at the confluence of Sungai Gombak and Sungai Klang before it grew into a town. The miners landed at Kuala Lumpur and continued their journey on foot to Ampang where the first mine was opened
Kuala Lumpur
–
Clockwise from top left:
Petronas Twin Towers,
Petaling Street, Masjid Jamek and
Gombak /
Klang river confluence,
National Monument,
National Mosque, skyline of KL. Centre:
KL Tower
Kuala Lumpur
–
Jamek Mosque at the confluence of
Gombak (left) and
Klang (right) rivers. The earliest settlement of Kuala Lumpur developed on the eastern side of the river bank (to the right in this picture).
Kuala Lumpur
–
Japanese troops advancing up High Street (now
Jalan Tun H S Lee) in Kuala Lumpur in December 1941 during
World War II.
Kuala Lumpur
–
The Majestic Theatre on Pudu Road was an early pioneer in Kuala Lumpur's cinema scene. It was converted into an amusement park in the 1990s and demolished in 2009.
22.
Mahathir Mohamad
–
Mahathir bin Mohamad is a Malaysian politician who was the fourth Prime Minister of Malaysia from 1981 to 2003, making him longest-serving holder of that office. His political career spanned more than 70 years since he first joined a newly-formed UMNO in 1946, born and raised in Alor Setar, Kedah, Mahathir excelled at school and became a medical doctor. He became active in the United Malays National Organisation, Malaysias largest political party and he served one term before losing his seat, subsequently falling out with Prime Minister Tunku Abdul Rahman and being expelled from UMNO. When Abdul Rahman resigned, Mahathir re-entered UMNO and Parliament, and was promoted to the Cabinet, by 1976 he had risen to Deputy Prime Minister, and in 1981 was sworn in as Prime Minister after the resignation of his predecessor, Hussein Onn. During Mahathirs tenure as Prime Minister, Malaysia experienced a period of modernisation and economic growth. Mahathir was a dominant political figure, winning five consecutive general elections, however, his accumulation of power came at the expense of the independence of the judiciary and the traditional powers and privileges of Malaysias royalty. He deployed the controversial Internal Security Act to detain activists, non-mainstream religious figures, as Prime Minister, he was an advocate of third-world development and a prominent international activist. He remains a political figure after his retirement. He became a strident critic of his hand-picked successor Abdullah Badawi in 2006 and later and his son Mukhriz Mahathir was the Chief Minister of Kedah until early 2016. On 29 February 2016, Mahathir Mohamad quit UMNO in light of UMNOs support for the actions of Prime Minister Najib Razak, among the other reasons are the RM2. 6bil and 1Malaysia Development Berhad issues. On 9 September 2016, the Registrar of Societies gave his stamp of approval for Mahathir Mohamad’s new Parti Pribumi Bersatu Malaysia. Mahathir is currently the chairman of the party, Mahathir was born at his parents home in a poor neighbourhood of Alor Setar, the capital of the state of Kedah, British Malaya, on 10 July 1925. Mahathirs birth certificate gives his date of birth as 20 December and he was actually born on 10 July, his biographer Barry Wain explains that 20 December was an arbitrary date. An aspect of Mahathirs birth set him apart, he was not born into the aristocracy or a prominent religious or political family, both parents had been married previously, Mahathir had six half-siblings and two full-siblings. Discipline imposed by his father motivated him to study, and he showed little interest in sports and he won a position in a selective English medium secondary school, having become fluent in English well ahead of his primary school peers. With schools closed during the Japanese occupation of Malaya during World War II, he went into business, first selling coffee and later pisang goreng and other snacks. After the war, he graduated from school with high marks. There he met his wife, Siti Hasmah Mohamad Ali
Mahathir Mohamad
–
Mahathir at
National Day celebrations in August 2007
Mahathir Mohamad
–
The Literary and Debating Society of Sultan Abdul Hamid College in 1946. Seated from left: Ahmad Nordin, Mohammad Khir Johari, Tiddemand (the Headmaster), Mahathir Mohamad, Zulkifli Hashim.
Mahathir Mohamad
–
The former Government English School in Alor Setar, the secondary school attended by Mahathir and founded by his father, now the
Sultan Abdul Hamid College
Mahathir Mohamad
–
The 2012
Proton Prevé Sapphire concept. Mahathir considered that an
automotive industry was essential to Malaysia becoming a
industrial nation. His government used tariffs to support the development of the
Proton as a Malaysian-made car and to limit the
capital outflow of
Malaysian Ringgit to foreign countries.
23.
Subang International Airport
–
Subang International Airport served as Kuala Lumpurs main airport from 1965 to 1998, before the Kuala Lumpur International Airport in Sepang was opened. Although plans existed to convert the airport into a low-cost carrier hub, the airport was repurposed to serve general aviation as well as turboprop domestic and international flights. In 1996, the airport was renamed after Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Al-Haj, Subang Airport is currently the hub for Firefly and Malindo Air commercial turboprop services. Transmile Air Services is the only other non-passenger non-turbo prop aircraft landing and utilising Subang Airport Terminal 2, while heavily opposed by Ara Damansara residents of the noise of the jet engines, Raya Airways still operates out of SZB servicing DHL and other local hubs. The airport was opened to traffic on 30 August 1965. Toward the end of service, the airport suffered at least two fires that forced traffic to be diverted to other airports. By the end of 1997, Subang Airport had handled 15.8 million passengers, in 2003 terminal 1 was demolished. In July 2002, AirAsia began flying from KLIA, and in 2004, however, the plan was rejected and the Malaysian government now plans to turn the airport into an international conference centre. Since Firefly started operations in the airport, AirAsia has been lobbying the government to allow AirAsia to use Subang Airport, as of December 2007, the government still maintains its policy of only allowing general aviation and turbo-prop flights out of Subang Airport. The airport underwent renovation works at Terminal 3 from February 2008 and was finished in October 2009, Terminal 3 was renamed to Subang Skypark. Raya Airways, a cargo carrier, chose Subang Airport as its main cargo operation center. Several companies offer chartered flights and helicopter services from the airport, one of the largest FBO in the region, Dnest Aviation Services is also based in this airport. A number of flying clubs are located at Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah airport. With Eurocopter, the servers as a maintenance and support facility for Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency helicopters. Berjaya Airs head office is in the Berjaya Hangar in the SkyPark Terminal Building, previously the head office was in Terminal 3. Transmile Air Services has its office in the Transmile Centre in the Cargo Complex. The main headquarters of Malaysia Airlines was previously in Subang, consisting of administrative departments & its maintenance, repair and overhaul subsidiary, in addition Another MAS subsidiary, Firefly also operates a fleet of ATR72 out of Subang. On 4 December 2007, Subang SkyPark Sdn Bhd announce a RM300 million plan to transform the Terminal 3 building into an ultra-modern general, the plan includes upgrading the terminal, creation of regional aviation center and finally the establishment of a commercial nexus
Subang International Airport
–
Exterior view of the newly refurbished Subang skypark terminal from the pavement
Subang International Airport
–
Malaysia Airlines head office
Subang International Airport
–
Firefly
ATR 72 and Berjaya Airlines
Dash 7, as seen from the tarmac of Subang Skypark. The 2 main operators of the airport.
24.
Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport
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Subang International Airport served as Kuala Lumpurs main airport from 1965 to 1998, before the Kuala Lumpur International Airport in Sepang was opened. Although plans existed to convert the airport into a low-cost carrier hub, the airport was repurposed to serve general aviation as well as turboprop domestic and international flights. In 1996, the airport was renamed after Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Al-Haj, Subang Airport is currently the hub for Firefly and Malindo Air commercial turboprop services. Transmile Air Services is the only other non-passenger non-turbo prop aircraft landing and utilising Subang Airport Terminal 2, while heavily opposed by Ara Damansara residents of the noise of the jet engines, Raya Airways still operates out of SZB servicing DHL and other local hubs. The airport was opened to traffic on 30 August 1965. Toward the end of service, the airport suffered at least two fires that forced traffic to be diverted to other airports. By the end of 1997, Subang Airport had handled 15.8 million passengers, in 2003 terminal 1 was demolished. In July 2002, AirAsia began flying from KLIA, and in 2004, however, the plan was rejected and the Malaysian government now plans to turn the airport into an international conference centre. Since Firefly started operations in the airport, AirAsia has been lobbying the government to allow AirAsia to use Subang Airport, as of December 2007, the government still maintains its policy of only allowing general aviation and turbo-prop flights out of Subang Airport. The airport underwent renovation works at Terminal 3 from February 2008 and was finished in October 2009, Terminal 3 was renamed to Subang Skypark. Raya Airways, a cargo carrier, chose Subang Airport as its main cargo operation center. Several companies offer chartered flights and helicopter services from the airport, one of the largest FBO in the region, Dnest Aviation Services is also based in this airport. A number of flying clubs are located at Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah airport. With Eurocopter, the servers as a maintenance and support facility for Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency helicopters. Berjaya Airs head office is in the Berjaya Hangar in the SkyPark Terminal Building, previously the head office was in Terminal 3. Transmile Air Services has its office in the Transmile Centre in the Cargo Complex. The main headquarters of Malaysia Airlines was previously in Subang, consisting of administrative departments & its maintenance, repair and overhaul subsidiary, in addition Another MAS subsidiary, Firefly also operates a fleet of ATR72 out of Subang. On 4 December 2007, Subang SkyPark Sdn Bhd announce a RM300 million plan to transform the Terminal 3 building into an ultra-modern general, the plan includes upgrading the terminal, creation of regional aviation center and finally the establishment of a commercial nexus
Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport
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Exterior view of the newly refurbished Subang skypark terminal from the pavement
Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport
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Malaysia Airlines head office
Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport
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Firefly
ATR 72 and Berjaya Airlines
Dash 7, as seen from the tarmac of Subang Skypark. The 2 main operators of the airport.
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Kuala Lumpur International Airport travel guide from Wikivoyage
