Kurgan is the largest city and the administrative center of Kurgan Oblast in the south of the Urals Federal District of Russia. Population: 310,911 (2021 Census); 333,606 (2010 Russian census); 345,515 (2002 Census); 355,517 (1989 Soviet census)..

Kurgan Oblast is a federal subject of Russia. Its administrative center is the city of Kurgan. According to the 2021 Census, the population was 776,661, down from 910,807 recorded in the 2010 Census.