Academy (English school)
Academy schools are state-funded schools in England which are directly funded by the Department for Education and independent of local authority control. The terms of the arrangements are set out in individual Academy Funding Agreements. Most academies are secondary schools; however more than 25% of primary schools, as well as some of the remaining first and secondary schools, are academies. Academies are self-governing non-profit charitable trusts and may receive additional support from personal or corporate sponsors, either financially or in kind, they do not have to follow the National Curriculum, but do have to ensure that their curriculum is broad and balanced, that it includes the core subjects of mathematics and English. They are subject to inspection by Ofsted; the following are all types of academy: Sponsored academy: A maintained school, transformed to academy status as part of a government intervention strategy. They are run by a Government-approved sponsor, they are sometimes referred to as traditional academies.
Converter academy: A maintained school that has voluntarily converted to academy status. It is not necessary for a converter academy to have a sponsor. Free school: Free schools are new academies established since 2011 via the Free School Programme. From May 2015, usage of the term was extended to new academies set up via a Local Authority competition; the majority of free schools are similar in shape to other types of academy. However, the following are distinctive sub-types of free school:Studio school: A small free school with around 300 pupils, using project-based learning University Technical College: A free school for the 14-18 age group, specialising in practical, employment focused subjects, sponsored by a university, employer or further education college. Faith academy:An academy with an official faith designation. Co-operative academy: An academy that uses an alternative co-operative academy agreement. An academy trust that operates more than one academy is known as an Academy Chain, although sometimes the terms Academy Group or Academy Federation are used instead.
An Academy Chain is a group of schools working together under a shared academy structure, either an Umbrella Trust or a Multi-Academy Trust. An academy is governed by the Academy Agreement it makes with the Department for Education, at that point it severs connections with the local education authority; the current advisory text is the Academy and free school: master funding agreement dated March 2018. The governors of the academy are obliged to publish an annual report and accounts, that are open to scrutiny. All academies are expected to follow a broad and balanced curriculum but many have a particular focus on, or formal specialism in, one or more areas such as science. Although academies are required to follow the National Curriculum in the core subjects of maths and science, they are otherwise free to innovate. Like other state-funded schools, academies are required to adhere to the National Admissions Code, although newly established academies with a faith designation are subject to the 50% Rule requiring them to allocate at least half of their places without reference to faith.
In terms of their governance, academies are established as companies limited by guarantee with a Board of Directors that acts as a Trust. The Academy Trust has exempt charity status, regulated by the Department for Education; the trustees are but not financially, accountable for the operation of the academy. The Trust serves as the legal entity; the trustees oversee the running of the school, sometimes delegating responsibility to a local governing body which they appoint. The day-to-day management of the school is, as in most schools, conducted by the Head Teacher and their senior management team. In Sponsored Academies, the sponsor is able to influence the process of establishing the school, including its curriculum, ethos and building; the sponsor has the power to appoint governors to the academy's governing body. The Labour Government under Tony Blair established academies through the Learning and Skills Act 2000, which amended the section of the Education Act 1996 relating to City Technology Colleges.
They were first announced in a speech by David Blunkett Secretary of State for Education and Skills, in 2000. He said that their aim was "to improve pupil performance and break the cycle of low expectations." As of 2018 many academies are running deficits. The chief architect of the policy was Andrew Adonis in his capacity as education advisor to the Prime Minister in the late 1990s. Academies were known as City Academies for the first few years, but the term was changed to Academies by an amendment in the Education Act 2002; the term Sponsored Academies was applied retrospectively to this type of academy, to distinguish it from other types of academy that were enabled later. Sponsored Academies needed a private sponsor who could be an individual, organisations such as the United Learning Trust, mission-driven businesses such as The Co-operative Group or outsourcing for-profit businesses such as Amey plc); these sponsors were expected to bring "the best o
Whitelands College
Whitelands College is the oldest of the four constituent colleges of the University of Roehampton. Whitelands College is one of the five oldest higher education institutions in England and was founded in 1841 by the Church of England's National Society as a teacher training college for women. A flagship women's college of the Church of England, it was the first college of higher education in the UK to admit women. Associated with it was Whitelands College School, which opened in 1842; the college was named after a Georgian building, Whitelands House, on King's Road in Chelsea, where it was based. Whitelands House was rebuilt in 1890 due to the increasing number of students; the college outgrew Whitelands House in 1930 and moved to buildings designed by Sir Giles Gilbert Scott in Southfields, near Putney. Whitelands college was formally opened by Queen Mary in 1931; the extensive campus was expanded over the following years, with additional residential and academic buildings constructed on site.
The college remained in Southfields until 2005. During the Second World War, the students of Whitelands College were evacuated to Homerton College, Bede College and Halifax; the college has traditionally kept two major annual festivals - the St Ursula Festival in October, the May Day Festival in May. The college was placed under the patronage of Saint Ursula, the College chapels at Chelsea and Roehampton have all been dedicated to her. A stained glass window by Edward Burne-Jones, depicting Ursula, was installed in the original Chelsea chapel, has moved with the college on each of its relocations, along with a series of matching windows depicting other female saints; the first May Day festival was held at Whitelands College in 1881 at the instigation of the Victorian philanthropist John Ruskin, a friend of the College Principal, the Reverend Canon John Faunthorpe. The Festival is held annually, includes the enthroning of a May Queen, or a May King, elected by the student body during the preceding academic term.
The ceremony is presided over each year by a visiting Anglican Bishop. In 2005, Whitelands College vacated the Southfields site in Putney and relocated to Parkstead House, a Grade I listed Neo-Classical Palladian villa on a 14-acre site overlooking Richmond Park, in Roehampton. Parkstead House was built in the early 1760s for the 2nd Earl of Bessborough, was extended and renamed Manresa House after the property became a Jesuit novitiate in the mid-nineteenth century. From the novitiate, the Jesuits founded St Joseph Church in Roehampton. In 1975, Whitelands College entered into an academic federation with three other south-west London teacher training colleges – Digby Stuart and Southlands – to form the Roehampton Institute of Higher Education. In 2000, the Roehampton Institute of Higher Education federated with the University of Surrey to become the University of Surrey Roehampton; the University of Surrey Roehampton announced that it would submit an application for independent university status in late 2003.
This was granted on 1 August 2004, with the name Roehampton University. In 2011 the name was formally changed from Roehampton University to the University of Roehampton. In 2016 the University of Roehampton celebrates 175 years since the foundation of Whitelands College, its oldest college, in 1841. Whitelands College, Roehampton University Roehampton University
Janet Street-Porter
Janet Street-Porter, is an English media personality and broadcaster. She was editor for two years of The Independent on Sunday, but relinquished the job to become editor-at-large in 2002, she has made numerous television appearances on discussion programmes including Question Time, reality shows including I'm a Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here! and Celebrity MasterChef and on panel games including Have I Got News for You. Since 2011, she has been a regular panellist on the ITV lifestyle and chat show Loose Women. Street-Porter was born in Brentford, the daughter of Stanley W G Bull, an electrical engineer who had served as a sergeant in the Royal Corps of Signals in World War II and Cherry Cuff Ardern, Welsh and worked as a school dinner lady and in the civil service as a clerical assistant in a tax office, her mother was still married to her first husband, George Ardern, at the time, was not to marry Stanley until 1954, hence her name being recorded thus in the birth records. She was to take her father's surname.
Street-Porter grew up in Fulham, west London and Perivale, Greater London after the family moved there when she was 14 and the family would stay in her mother's home town of Llanfairfechan in North Wales for their holidays. She attended Peterborough Primary and Junior Schools in Fulham and Lady Margaret Grammar School for Girls in Parsons Green from 1958 to 1964 where she passed 8 O-levels and 3 A-levels in English and Art, she took an A-level in pure mathematics but did not pass the exam. Whilst studying A-levels, she had an illegal abortion, she spent two years at the Architectural Association School of Architecture, where she met her first husband, photographer Tim Street-Porter. Street-Porter became fashion editor of the Evening Standard in 1971; when the LBC local radio station began to broadcast in 1973, Street-Porter co-presented a mid-morning show with Fleet Street columnist Paul Callan. The intention was to contrast the urbane Callan and the urban Street-Porter, their respective accents became known to the station's studio engineers as "cut-glass" and "cut-froat."
Friction between the ill-matched pair involved constant one-upmanship that made for compelling listening. In early 1975, Street-Porter was launch editor of Sell Out, an offshoot of the London listings magazine Time Out, with its publisher and her second husband, Tony Elliott; the magazine was not a success. Street-Porter started in television at LWT in 1975, first as a reporter on a series of youth-oriented programmes, including The London Weekend Show went on to present the late-night chat show Saturday Night People with Clive James and Russell Harty, she produced Twentieth Century Box, presented by Danny Baker. Street-Porter was editor of the Network 7 series on Channel Four from 1987. In the same year, BBC2 controller Alan Yentob appointed her to become head of youth and entertainment features, making her responsible for the twice-weekly DEF II, she commissioned Rapido, Red Dwarf and Rough Guide, she was behind the cancellation of the long-running music series The Old Grey Whistle Test. Her Network 7 show was awarded a BAFTA for its graphics in 1988.
In 1992, Street-Porter provided the story for The Vampyr: A Soap Opera, the BBC's adaptation of Heinrich August Marschner's opera Der Vampyr, which featured a new libretto by Charles Hart. Street-Porter's approach did not endear her to critics, who objected to her diction and questioned her suitability as an influence on Britain's youth. In her final year at the BBC, she became head of independent commissioning, she left the BBC for Mirror Group Newspapers in 1994 to become joint-managing director with Kelvin MacKenzie of the ill-fated L! VE TV channel, she left after four months. In 1996, Street-Porter set up her own production company. Since 1996, Street-Porter has appeared several times on the BBC panel game Have I Got News for You, most in May 2016. Since 1998, Street-Porter has appeared annually on BBC's Question Time except in 2013. In 2000, Street-Porter was nominated for the "Mae West Award for the Most Outspoken Woman in the Industry" at Carlton Television's Women in Film and Television Awards.
In 2007, Street-Porter starred in an ITV2 reality show called Deadline, serving as a tough-talking editor who worked with a team of celebrity "reporters" whose job it was to produce a weekly gossip magazine. The celebrities in question had to endure the Street-Porter tongue as she decided each week which of them to fire. In 2011, Street-Porter became a regular panellist on ITV's chat show Loose Women. In 2013, she appeared in Celebrity MasterChef reaching the final three, she appeared in the television show QI. Since 1 September 2014, Street-Porter has co-hosted BBC One cookery programme A Taste of Britain with chef Brian Turner and ran for 20 episodes in one series. Street-Porter has appeared on numerous reality TV shows, including Call Me a Cabbie and So You Think You Can Teach, she conducted numerous interviews with business figures and others for Bloomberg TV. Street-Porter became editor of the Independent on Sunday in 1999. Despite derision from her critics, she took the paper's circulation up to 270,460, an increase of 11.6 per cent.
In 2002, Street-Porter became editor-at-large as well as writing a regular column. Following the death of Ian Tomlinson, Street-Porter dedicated her editor-at-large column in the Independent on Sunday to painting a picture of Tomlinson as a "troubled man with quite a few problems":Knowing that he was an alcoholic is critical to understanding his sense of disorientation and his attitude towards the police, which might on first viewing of the video footage, seem a bi
Jill Saward
Jill Saward known by her married name Jill Drake was an English campaigner on issues relating to sexual violence. She was the victim of a violent robbery and rape in 1986 at a vicarage in Ealing, London, a crime for which the perpetrators' lenient sentences led indirectly to changes in the law. Saward was the first rape victim in Britain to waive her right to anonymity. Saward was educated at Lady Margaret School in London, her father, Reverend Michael Saward, became the vicar of St Mary's, Ealing, in 1978. She married Gavin Drake, the couple lived in Hednesford, with their three sons. On 6 March 1986, a gang of burglars broke into the Saward family's home at lunchtime. Jill's father and her then-boyfriend, David Kerr, were tied up and beaten, both suffering fractured skulls, while she was raped; the incident received considerable international media coverage because the house was identified as that of the vicar of Ealing, the attack was soon labelled by the media as the "Ealing vicarage rape".
Saward was identified as the victim of the attack by photographs published in The Sun four days later. At the trial of the perpetrators in 1987, the judge, John Leonard, gave those responsible longer sentences for the burglary than for the rape, stating: "Because I have been told the trauma suffered by the victim was not so great, I shall take a lenient course with you"; the leader of the three men, Robert Horscroft, not involved in the rape, received 14 years' imprisonment for burglary and assault. Martin McCall, the more violent of the two attackers, was sentenced to five years for rape and five years for aggravated burglary, while Christopher Byrne received three years for rape and five years for burglary and assault; the sentence was criticised by senior British politicians of the time, including then-Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and opposition leader Neil Kinnock, while others complained that property was being valued more than a human body. Saward too complained about the sentences.
Criminologist Anthony Bottoms described the case as "a striking example of some fault lines embedded within the institutional structures of the English sentencing processes" of the time. On his retirement in 1993, Leonard publicly apologised to Saward, saying his judgment at the trial was a "blemish – I make no bones about it". Four days after the incident, The Sun published a photograph of Saward with just her eyes blacked out, as well as an image of her home on its front page, jeopardising her anonymity; the newspaper's editor, Kelvin MacKenzie, said he printed the images because a rape victim only earned the right to anonymity once a suspect had been charged with the offence. This led to the Press Council amending the closure of that legal loophole. In 1990, with the help of friend Wendy Green, Saward wrote a book about her experiences, called Rape: My Story. At the same time she featured in an Everyman programme for the BBC with Jenni Murray. In doing so, she became the first British rape victim to waive her right to anonymity.
The documentary was used to educate judges about the trauma suffered by rape victims. In 1998, Saward met Horscroft, the leader of the gang but who had not been involved in the rape, forgave him for his role in the crime. Horscroft had been freed in 1996. Saward told Elizabeth Grice in an interview for The Daily Telegraph in 2006: "Of course, sometimes I thought it might be quite nice to be full of hatred and revenge, but I think it creates a barrier and you're the one who gets damaged in the end. So, although it makes you vulnerable, forgiving is a release. I don't think without my Christian faith. That's what got me through". In 1988, Saward moved from London to the West Midlands where she worked as a teaching assistant at a school in Birmingham. From 1990, until her death, Saward worked in various roles to support victims of rape and sexual violence. In 1994, she set up a support group for rape victims and their families, helped to campaign for a change in the law that prevented people accused of rape from cross-examining their alleged victims.
In a Channel 5 interview and a Daily Mail article, she argued in 1997 that men in date rape cases should be tried of a lesser offence. "I do suggest the hypothetical victim is culpable," she commented, "only that she did nothing to help herself". Feminists responded negatively. In 2009, she campaigned against a European Court of Justice ruling that the DNA of people cleared of crimes must be deleted from the DNA Database after six years, or 12 years for serious crimes. In 2015, she spoke out against a proposal for rape suspects to remain anonymous until they are charged, describing it as "really insulting to victims and a disappointing move" and sending a "damaging message" when it was proposed as part of the coalition agreement for the 2010 Parliament. In 2014, Saward co-founded the JURIES campaign with Alison Boydell, seeking to make it mandatory for jurors in sexual abuse and rape trials to be informed about "the myths and realities" concerning those issues. Explaining the goal of the campaign, Saward wrote: "We envisage this being done by a DVD, played in open court that addresses some of the most common myths.
Many victims are not getting justice because jurors believe incorrect information, prejudicial to their thinking, before any evidence is heard. Rape myths can be addressed, but only after
Charles Frederic Moberly Bell
Charles Frederic Moberly Bell was a prominent British journalist and newspaper editor during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Charles Frederic Moberly Bell was born in Alexandria. At this period, Egypt was ruled by Muhammad Ali, its second city was a major Mediterranean trading port, dealing in commodities such as Egyptian cotton, his father was a merchant, first cousin to George Moberly, Headmaster of Winchester College and bishop of Salisbury. This made Charles Frederic second cousin to Charlotte Anne Moberly, a pioneering educationalist best known for the Moberly-Jourdain incident, his mother, Hester Louisa née David, was named after her godmother, Lady Hester Stanhope, the archaeologist and traveller. Hester Louisa's mother, Louisa Jane, was one of the two Williams sisters who were protected and provided for by Lady Hester and her uncle, William Pitt the Younger, British prime minister. Moberly Bell appeared to believe the family story that the Williams girls were Pitt's illegitimate children, attempted unsuccessfully to obtain proof.
Both his parents died. He was sent "home" to England to be educated there, he returned to his birthplace in 1865, at the age of 18, worked for the same company as his father had, Peel & Co.. Moberly Bell found free-lance work with The Times. In 1875, he became its official correspondent in Egypt, achieved fame with his coverage of the Urabi Revolt of 1882, he founded The Egyptian Gazette in 1880. In 1890, Bell was invited by the owner of The Times, Arthur Fraser Walter, to help run the financially shaky paper, considered respected but stolid and boring; as managing director, Bell revitalized the title increasing its staff of foreign correspondents. In 1902, Bell created Literature, a forerunner of The Times Literary Supplement, in 1910, followed that supplement or spin-off with The Times Educational Supplement. In 1908, Bell helped to engineer its sale to Alfred Harmsworth Lord Northcliffe. Bell remained with the paper until his death in 1911. According to Herman Kogan, who wrote The Great EB: The Story of the Encyclopædia Britannica, Bell's single most notable accomplishment was his deal with American Horace Everett Hooper to reprint and sell that multi-volume work of reference under the sponsorship of The Times.
Beginning in 1898, Hooper and his advertising executive Henry Haxton introduced aggressive marketing methods to sell a reprint of the Britannica's 9th edition, justly famous for its scholarship but by out of date. Building on the newspaper's solid reputation, Hooper managed to sell an extraordinary number of the 9th edition and, in 1902–1903, over 70,000 sets of its supplement, the 10th edition; the profit on the 10th edition was in excess of £600,000, the royalties paid to the paper made it profitable for the first time in years. The relations between Bell and Hooper were positive owing to the profitability of Hooper's methods and to Hooper's sincere respect for scholarship. Bell assessed Hooper as "a ranker. Treat him as a gentleman and one had no trouble with him. Supported by Bell, Hooper introduced The Times book club in 1905, led the drive to make the Eleventh Edition the best possible Britannica, no matter the cost; this expense caused his business partner, Walter Montgomery Jackson. That edition was issued in 1910–1911 under the sponsorship of Cambridge University, after Oxford refused.
Bell wrote three books: Khedives and Pashas, Egyptian Finance, From Pharaoh to Fellah. In 1875 Moberly Bell married Ethel Chataway. Two of her brothers, James Vincent and Thomas Drinkwater, emigrated to Australia and became newspaper proprietors and politicians. James visited Egypt in 1889 to learn about the sugar cane industry. Like his cousin the bishop, Moberly Bell's biography was written by an academic daughter, in his case Enid; the Life and Letters of C. F. Moberly Bell was published in 16 years after his death. A swifter appearance was the entry in the Dictionary of National Biography 1912 supplement, written by William Flavelle Monypenny, the biographer of Benjamin Disraeli. Enid Moberly Bell wrote several other books, including biographies of the journalist Flora Shaw and the social reformers Octavia Hill and Josephine Butler. Enid was second mistress at Lady Margaret School in Parsons Green, vice-chair of the Lyceum Club for female artists and writers. Enid set up a home in Chelsea with Anne Lupton.
Enid and Anne studied at Newnham College at Cambridge University where Enid graduated with an M. A. in 1911. Anne was the sister of née Lupton. Both Olive and Anne were involved in women's issues. Anne purchased a Georgian house and donated it to Lady Margaret School which Enid had established in 1917. Enid and Anne collaborated to publish works concerning the suffragette cause; this article incorporates text from The Modern World En
Church of England
The Church of England is the established church of England. The Archbishop of Canterbury is the most senior cleric, although the monarch is the supreme governor; the Church of England is the mother church of the international Anglican Communion. It traces its history to the Christian church recorded as existing in the Roman province of Britain by the third century, to the 6th-century Gregorian mission to Kent led by Augustine of Canterbury; the English church renounced papal authority when Henry VIII failed to secure an annulment of his marriage to Catherine of Aragon in 1534. The English Reformation accelerated under Edward VI's regents, before a brief restoration of papal authority under Queen Mary I and King Philip; the Act of Supremacy 1558 renewed the breach, the Elizabethan Settlement charted a course enabling the English church to describe itself as both catholic and reformed: catholic in that it views itself as a part of the universal church of Jesus Christ in unbroken continuity with the early apostolic church.
This is expressed in its emphasis on the teachings of the early Church Fathers, as formalised in the Apostles', Athanasian creeds. Reformed in that it has been shaped by some of the doctrinal principles of the 16th-century Protestant Reformation, in particular in the Thirty-Nine Articles of Religion and the Book of Common Prayer. In the earlier phase of the English Reformation there were both Catholic martyrs and radical Protestant martyrs; the phases saw the Penal Laws punish Roman Catholic and nonconforming Protestants. In the 17th century, the Puritan and Presbyterian factions continued to challenge the leadership of the Church which under the Stuarts veered towards a more catholic interpretation of the Elizabethan Settlement under Archbishop Laud and the rise of the concept of Anglicanism as the via media. After the victory of the Parliamentarians the Prayer Book was abolished and the Presbyterian and Independent factions dominated; the Episcopacy was abolished. The Restoration restored the Church of England and the Prayer Book.
Papal recognition of George III in 1766 led to greater religious tolerance. Since the English Reformation, the Church of England has used a liturgy in English; the church contains several doctrinal strands, the main three known as Anglo-Catholic and Broad Church. Tensions between theological conservatives and progressives find expression in debates over the ordination of women and homosexuality; the church includes both liberal and conservative members. The governing structure of the church is based on dioceses, each presided over by a bishop. Within each diocese are local parishes; the General Synod of the Church of England is the legislative body for the church and comprises bishops, other clergy and laity. Its measures must be approved by both Houses of Parliament. According to tradition, Christianity arrived in Britain in the 1st or 2nd century, during which time southern Britain became part of the Roman Empire; the earliest historical evidence of Christianity among the native Britons is found in the writings of such early Christian Fathers as Tertullian and Origen in the first years of the 3rd century.
Three Romano-British bishops, including Restitutus, are known to have been present at the Council of Arles in 314. Others attended the Council of Serdica in 347 and that of Ariminum in 360, a number of references to the church in Roman Britain are found in the writings of 4th century Christian fathers. Britain was the home of Pelagius. While Christianity was long established as the religion of the Britons at the time of the Anglo-Saxon invasion, Christian Britons made little progress in converting the newcomers from their native paganism. In 597, Pope Gregory I sent the prior of the Abbey of St Andrew's from Rome to evangelise the Angles; this event is known as the Gregorian mission and is the date the Church of England marks as the beginning of its formal history. With the help of Christians residing in Kent, Augustine established his church at Canterbury, the capital of the Kingdom of Kent, became the first in the series of Archbishops of Canterbury in 598. A archbishop, the Greek Theodore of Tarsus contributed to the organisation of Christianity in England.
The Church of England has been in continuous existence since the days of St Augustine, with the Archbishop of Canterbury as its episcopal head. Despite the various disruptions of the Reformation and the English Civil War, the Church of England considers itself to be the same church, more formally organised by Augustine. While some Celtic Christian practices were changed at the Synod of Whitby, the Christian in the British Isles was under papal authority from earliest times. Queen Bertha of Kent was among the Christians in England who recognised papal authority before Augustine arrived, Celtic Christians were carrying out missionary work with papal approval long before the Synod of Whitby; the Synod of Whitby established the Roman date for Easter and the Roman style of monastic tonsure in England. This meeting of the ecclesiastics with Roman customs with local bishops was summoned in 664 at Saint Hilda's double monastery of Streonshalh called Whitby Abbey, it was presided over by King Oswiu, who made the final ruling.
The final ruling was decided in favor of Roman tradition because St. Peter holds the keys to the gate of Heaven. In 1534, King Henry VIII separated the English Church from Rome. A theological separation had been foreshadowed by various movements within the English Church, such as Lollardy, but the English Reformation gained political support when Henry VIII wanted an a
Lupton family
This article concerns the Yorkshire family, not the American family of John Thomas Lupton. The Lupton family in Yorkshire achieved prominence in ecclesiastical and academic circles in England in the 16th century through the fame of Roger Lupton, provost of Eton College and chaplain to Henry VII and Henry VIII. By the Georgian era, the family was established as ministers in Leeds. Described in the city's archives as "landed gentry, a political and business dynasty", they had become successful woollen cloth merchants and manufacturers who flourished during the Industrial Revolution and traded throughout northern Europe, the Americas and Australia. Arnold Lupton MP and other members of the family contributed both to the political life of the UK and to the civic life of Leeds well into the 20th century. Several members were philanthropists; some were Lord Mayors of progressive in their views. They were associated with the Church of the Unitarian church; the Lupton Residences of the University of Leeds are named after members of the family, the law firm established by solicitor Sir Charles Lupton as Dibb-Lupton which after a merger became DLA Piper.
The Luptons are the paternal ancestors of Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge: her great-grandmother, Olive Middleton née Lupton married Richard Noel Middleton, members of the Lupton family were guests at her wedding to Prince William. Lupton is a placename surname connected with Lupton in Cumbria. Examples of the surname in Yorkshire are in 1297 in Subsidy Rolls, in the 1379 poll tax in Thornton in Lonsdale, in Pateley Bridge in 1551 and in 1553 and in 1599 in Keighley. Father Robert Lupton was the Vicar of Skipton in 1430. Roger Lupton and benefactor of Eton College, was born in Sedbergh, Yorkshire, in 1456 and graduated from King's College, Cambridge in 1483, he does not appear to have been educated at Eton College, though a number of his Yorkshire relatives were Etonians, including Ralph Lupton, with whom Dr Lupton had much in common. Another Yorkshire relative was Thomas Lupton of Nun Monkton, an Etonian, admitted to King's in 1517. Roger Lupton was a Canon of Windsor, he was chaplain to Henry VIII at the time of his coronation in April 1509.
Lupton founded Sedbergh School as a chantry school. By 1528, land had been bought and the school built on the site of Sedbergh school library, the foundation deed was signed, binding Sedbergh to St John's College, Cambridge, at which Lupton had established a number of fellowships and scholarships, he was Provost of Eton College for 30 years, the tower in the school yard is named after him. He was buried in Lupton's Chapel -- his own chantry at Eton; the earliest recorded member of the Leeds branch of the family is Thomas Lupton of Holbeck, whose son Thomas was a scholar at Leeds Grammar School and was admitted as a sizar to St John's College, Cambridge in 1648. He became a minister. Francis Lupton who married Esther Midgeley of Breary in 1688, was appointed clerk at Leeds Parish Church on 31 August 1694, they had nine children. Their son William I was a yeoman farmer and clothier with business connections in the Netherlands and Germany who lived in Whitkirk, Leeds, he became Sir Henry Ibbetson's chief cloth-dresser.
Master dressers were most skilled artisans who finished the cloth and the highest paid in the cloth industry. Appointed the sole executor of Ibbetson's partner John Koster, Lupton managed the company for Ibbetson during his last illness, his three sons attended Leeds Grammar School. The eldest, Francis II, was sent to Lisbon to trade in English cloth and was caught up in the 1755 Lisbon earthquake, his second son, William II was sent to board at Sedbergh School and attended St John's College, Cambridge. William was an assistant master at Leeds Grammar School and was ordained to pursue a ministry in the church. Arthur I, William's third son, was sent to Leopold Pfeil's school in Frankfurt when he was 15, to study High Dutch and French. In 1764, Wolfgang von Goethe, his contemporary at the school, wrote about his schoolmate. Arthur returned to England in 1766 before leaving for Lisbon. In 1768, he took on two partners and was joined by John Luccock, with whom he set up a subsidiary company, Lupton & Luccock, in Rio de Janeiro.
William Lupton and Company Limited was established as such in 1773, but traded in cloth before this date. Lupton sat on the committee for the Leeds cloth halls. In 1774 the leading merchants organised the construction of the 3rd White Cloth Hall. A trade directory of 1790 lists Company as Merchants in the Leylands. Arthur had married Olive Rider, the only daughter of David Rider in 1773, she brought a £5,000 dowry to the marriage. Her father had substantial land holdings in Mabgate and the Leylands between North Street and Wade Lane. Arthur and his wife inherited a life interest in the land after David Rider's death, after which the land passed to his grandsons. William Lupton inherited 5/8ths of their grandfather David Rider's estate and Arthur 3/8ths, which they held as tenants in common but in 1811 they divided the property. William took "Town End" which included his father's dressing mill built in 1788, the tenter garth stretching to Wade Lane and a substantial house, its insured assets included a warehouse, counting house, packing shop and tools for dressing cloth, a hot pressing shop and a steam e
