A Landing Ship Medium (LSM) was an amphibious assault ship of the United States Navy in World War II. Of a size between that of Landing Ships Tank and Landing Craft Infantry, 558 LSMs were built for the USN between 1944 and 1945. Most of vessels built on this frame were regular transports, while several dozen were converted during construction to specialized roles. Most LSMs were scrapped during the Cold War, but several were sold by the United States Department of Defense to foreign nations or private shipping companies.
USS LSM-175 underway off Charleston Navy Yard in 1944
USS LSM(R)-194 passing under the Cooper River Bridge, Charleston, SC, 2 December 1944
USS Pee Dee River (LSM(R)-517) underway in 1954
USS Gypsy (ARS(D)-1) underway at Houston, Texas, in 1946
The Landing Craft Infantry (LCI) were several classes of landing craft used by the Allies to land large numbers of infantry directly onto beaches during World War II. They were developed in response to a British request for seagoing amphibious assault ships capable of carrying and landing substantially more troops than their smaller Landing Craft Assault (LCA). The result was a small steel ship that could land 200 men, traveling from rear bases on its own bottom at a speed of up to 15 knots.
USS LCI-326 during training for D-Day
Troops embarking on USS LCI(L)-196 from a DUKW, near Scoglitti, Sicily, on 11 July 1943.
The U.S. Navy large infantry landing craft USS LCI(L)-551 in May 1945, flying her colors at half-mast in honor of the recently deceased President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Transferred to the Soviet Navy on 29 July 1945 during Project Hula, she became DS-48 and took part in the Soviet invasion of the Kuril Islands. The Soviet Union returned her to the United States in 1955.
The LCIs USS LCI(L)-585 and USS LCI(L)-591 at Cold Bay, Territory of Alaska, in the spring of 1945, awaiting transfer during Project Hula to the Soviet Navy, in which they became DS-45 and DS-35, respectively. The Soviets returned LCI(L)-585 to the United States in 1955; DS-35 was scrapped in the Soviet Union.