1.
Brooklyn
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Brooklyn is the most populous borough of New York City, with a Census-estimated 2,636,735 residents in 2015. It borders the borough of Queens at the end of Long Island. Today, if New York City dissolved, Brooklyn would rank as the third-most populous city in the U. S. behind Los Angeles, the borough continues, however, to maintain a distinct culture. Many Brooklyn neighborhoods are ethnic enclaves, Brooklyns official motto, displayed on the Borough seal and flag, is Eendraght Maeckt Maght which translates from early modern Dutch as Unity makes strength. Since 2010, Brooklyn has evolved into a hub of entrepreneurship and high technology startup firms. The history of European settlement in Brooklyn spans more than 350 years, the neighborhood of Marine Park was home to North Americas first tidal mill. It was built by the Dutch, and the foundation can be seen today, however, the area was not formally settled as a town. Many incidents and documents relating to this period are in Gabriel Furmans early compilation, what is today Brooklyn left Dutch hands after the final English conquest of New Netherland in 1664, a prelude to the Second Anglo–Dutch War. The English reorganized the six old Dutch towns on southwestern Long Island as Kings County on November 1,1683 and this tract of land was recognized as a political entity for the first time, and the municipal groundwork was laid for a later expansive idea of Brooklyn identity. On August 27,1776 was fought the Battle of Long Island, the first major engagement fought in the American Revolutionary War after independence was declared, and the largest of the entire conflict. British troops forced Continental Army troops under George Washington off the heights near the sites of Green-Wood Cemetery, Prospect Park. The fortified American positions at Brooklyn Heights consequently became untenable and were evacuated a few days later, One result of the Treaty of Paris in 1783 was the evacuation of the British from New York City, celebrated by residents into the 20th century. The New York Navy Yard operated in Wallabout Bay for the entire 19th century, the first center of urbanization sprang up in the Town of Brooklyn, directly across from Lower Manhattan, which saw the incorporation of the Village of Brooklyn in 1817. Reliable steam ferry service across the East River to Fulton Landing converted Brooklyn Heights into a town for Wall Street. Ferry Road to Jamaica Pass became Fulton Street to East New York, Town and Village were combined to form the first, kernel incarnation of the City of Brooklyn in 1834. Industrial deconcentration in mid-century was bringing shipbuilding and other manufacturing to the part of the county. Each of the two cities and six towns in Kings County remained independent municipalities, and purposely created non-aligning street grids with different naming systems and it later became the most popular and highest circulation afternoon paper in America. The publisher changed to L. Van Anden on April 19,1842, on May 14,1849 the name was shortened to The Brooklyn Daily Eagle, on September 5,1938 it was further shortened to Brooklyn Eagle
Brooklyn
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Clockwise from top left:
Brooklyn Bridge, Brooklyn brownstones,
Soldiers' and Sailors' Arch,
Brooklyn Borough Hall,
Coney Island
Brooklyn
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Currier and Ives print of Brooklyn, 1886.
Brooklyn
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Brooklyn Museum - Hooker's Map of the Village of Brooklyn
Brooklyn
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A typical dining table in the Dutch village of Brooklyn, c. 1664, from
The Brooklyn Museum.
2.
New York (state)
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New York is a state in the northeastern United States, and is the 27th-most extensive, fourth-most populous, and seventh-most densely populated U. S. state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south and Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Vermont to the east. With an estimated population of 8.55 million in 2015, New York City is the most populous city in the United States, the New York Metropolitan Area is one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world. New York City makes up over 40% of the population of New York State, two-thirds of the states population lives in the New York City Metropolitan Area, and nearly 40% lives on Long Island. Both the state and New York City were named for the 17th-century Duke of York, the next four most populous cities in the state are Buffalo, Rochester, Yonkers, and Syracuse, while the state capital is Albany. New York has a diverse geography and these more mountainous regions are bisected by two major river valleys—the north-south Hudson River Valley and the east-west Mohawk River Valley, which forms the core of the Erie Canal. Western New York is considered part of the Great Lakes Region and straddles Lake Ontario, between the two lakes lies Niagara Falls. The central part of the state is dominated by the Finger Lakes, New York had been inhabited by tribes of Algonquian and Iroquoian-speaking Native Americans for several hundred years by the time the earliest Europeans came to New York. The first Europeans to arrive were French colonists and Jesuit missionaries who arrived southward from settlements at Montreal for trade, the British annexed the colony from the Dutch in 1664. The borders of the British colony, the Province of New York, were similar to those of the present-day state, New York is home to the Statue of Liberty, a symbol of the United States and its ideals of freedom, democracy, and opportunity. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. On April 17,1524 Verrazanno entered New York Bay, by way of the now called the Narrows into the northern bay which he named Santa Margherita. Verrazzano described it as a vast coastline with a delta in which every kind of ship could pass and he adds. This vast sheet of water swarmed with native boats and he landed on the tip of Manhattan and possibly on the furthest point of Long Island. Verrazannos stay was interrupted by a storm which pushed him north towards Marthas Vineyard, in 1540 French traders from New France built a chateau on Castle Island, within present-day Albany, due to flooding, it was abandoned the next year. In 1614, the Dutch under the command of Hendrick Corstiaensen, rebuilt the French chateau, Fort Nassau was the first Dutch settlement in North America, and was located along the Hudson River, also within present-day Albany. The small fort served as a trading post and warehouse, located on the Hudson River flood plain, the rudimentary fort was washed away by flooding in 1617, and abandoned for good after Fort Orange was built nearby in 1623. Henry Hudsons 1609 voyage marked the beginning of European involvement with the area, sailing for the Dutch East India Company and looking for a passage to Asia, he entered the Upper New York Bay on September 11 of that year
New York (state)
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British general
John Burgoyne surrenders at
Saratoga in 1777.
New York (state)
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Flag
New York (state)
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1800 map of New York from
Low's Encyclopaedia
New York (state)
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The
Erie Canal at
Lockport, New York in 1839
3.
Beverly Hills, California
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Beverly Hills is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States, surrounded by the cities of Los Angeles and West Hollywood. By 2013, its population had grown to 34,658, sometimes referred to as 90210, one of its primary ZIP codes, it was home to many actors and celebrities throughout the 20th century. The city includes the Rodeo Drive shopping district and the Beverly Hills Oil Field, gaspar de Portolá arrived in the area that would later become Beverly Hills on August 3,1769, travelling along native trails which followed the present-day route of Wilshire Boulevard. The area was settled by Maria Rita Quinteros de Valdez and her husband in 1828 and they called their 4,500 acres of property the Rancho Rodeo de las Aguas. in 1854, she sold the ranch to Benjamin Davis Wilson and Henry Hancock. By the 1880s, the ranch had been subdivided into parcels of 75 acres and was being bought up by anglos from Los Angeles. Henry Hammel and Andrew H. Denker acquired most of it, at this point, the area was known as the Hammel and Denker Ranch. By 1888, Denker and Hammel were planning to build a town called Morocco on their holdings and they did not find enough to exploit commercially by the standards of the time, though. In 1906, therefore, they reorganized as the Rodeo Land and Water Company, renamed the property Beverly Hills, subdivided it, the development was named Beverly Hills after Beverly Farms in Beverly, Massachusetts and because of the hills in the area. The first house in the subdivision was built in 1907, although sales remained slow, Beverly Hills was one of many all-white planned communities started in the Los Angeles area around this time. Restrictive covenants prohibited non-whites from owning or renting property unless they were employed as servants by white residents and it was also forbidden to sell or rent property to Jews in Beverly Hills. Burton Green began construction on The Beverly Hills Hotel in 1911, the hotel was finished in 1912. The visitors drawn by the hotel were inclined to purchase land in Beverly Hills and that same year, the Rodeo Land and Water Company decided to separate its water business from its real estate business. The Beverly Hills Utility Commission was split off from the company and incorporated in September 1914, buying all of the utilities-related assets from the Rodeo Land. In 1919, Douglas Fairbanks and Mary Pickford bought land on Summit Drive and built a mansion, finished in 1921, the glamor associated with Fairbanks and Pickford as well as other movie stars who built mansions in the city contributed to its growing appeal. By the early 1920s the population of Beverly Hills had grown enough to make the water supply a political issue, in 1923 the usual solution, annexation to the city of Los Angeles, was proposed. There was considerable opposition to annexation among such famous residents as Pickford, Fairbanks, Will Rogers, the Beverly Hills Utility Commission, opposed to annexation as well, managed to force the city into a special election and the plan was defeated 337 to 507. In 1925, Beverly Hills approved an issue to buy 385 acres for a new campus for UCLA. The cities of Los Angeles, Santa Monica and Venice also issued bonds to pay for the new campus
Beverly Hills, California
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Beverly Hills at the corner of Rodeo Drive & Via Rodeo
Beverly Hills, California
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Seal
Beverly Hills, California
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Aerial view, 3D computer generated image
Beverly Hills, California
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Hammel and Denker ranch, c. 1905
4.
Lafayette High School (New York City)
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Lafayette High School was a large secondary school located in the Bath Beach section of Brooklyn, New York City, New York. According to the New York City Ward Map of Kings County in 1899 and this map reveals a frame house with stables on the site of the building. The land was swampy, sandy soil covering about 10 acres. Lafayette High School, the first building of its type, was designed to accommodate about 4,000 pupils, the cost of the site was $211,350 while the building itself necessitated an outlay of $2,820,000. There are two high schools in the city, which are duplicates of this type – Christopher Columbus. Dr. Frederick William Oswald was asked to assume the principalship of the new school, as the new building was not ready, the school had to meet in three annexes. 180, with Mr. Joseph Grady in charge, assisted by Mr. Freilich and Mr. Abraham Margolies,126, under the direction of Miss Dorothy K. Lewis and Mr. Robert Buda, and P. S. 192 with Mr. Walter Jacobsen in charge, on March 1939, the faculty had been increased to 156 members and the student population numbered some 4,500 boys and girls. On November 13,1939, the formal exercises dedicating Lafayette High School took place in the auditorium, among those present was Mayor Fiorello H. LaGuardia. School activities early became an important part of life at Lafayette, on November 21,1940, the first G. O. Through the years principals, whether Mary Buda, Joseph Bellafiore, Leo Weitz, cohen, or Sheldon R. Friedberg 1986, recognized the importance of student activities and the Student Organization. As measured by graduation rates, Lafayettes performance is low,44.4 percent of the class of 2006 graduated on time, and a 63.2 percent 7-year graduation rate. According to the New York City Department of Education, Lafayettes students speak at least 30 different languages, the Justice Department was to monitor Lafayettes progress over the next three years. In recent years Lafayette has experienced criminal activity involving their students, extra police officers and security guards were added when the New York City Department of Education labeled it an Impact School. After some improvement, in April 2006, Lafayette was removed from the Impact list, in December 2006, New York Citys plans to close Lafayette High School were announced, along with four other low-performing schools that failed to improve under city guidance. Applying a strategy of the Bloomberg administration, the closed schools would each be replaced by several small schools with about 400 or 500 students each. On September 15,2008, a release stated that Ms. Doris Unger had been promoted to Superintendent. On September 19,2008, it was announced to the staff at Lafayette HS that the Assistant Principal, the school is shown during the chase scene of the Academy Award winning movie The French Connection
Lafayette High School (New York City)
–
Larry King
Lafayette High School (New York City)
–
Hall of Famer
Sandy Koufax
5.
Peabody Award
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Reflecting excellence in quality, rather than popularity or commercial success, the Peabody is awarded to about 25–35 winners annually from more than 1,000 entries. Because submissions are accepted from a variety of sources and styles. Each entry is evaluated on the achievement of standards it establishes within its own contexts, entries are self-selected by those making submissions, for which a US$350 fee is required. In 1938, the National Association of Broadcasters formed a committee to recognize outstanding achievement in radio broadcasting. Fellow WSB employee Lessie Smithgall introduced Lambdin to John E. Drewry, of the University of Georgias Henry W. Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communication, the Peabody Award was established in 1940 with the Grady College of Journalism as its permanent home. The Peabody Awards were originally only for radio, but in 1948 television awards were introduced, in the late 1990s additional categories for material distributed via the World Wide Web were added. Materials created solely for theatrical motion picture release are not eligible, the Peabody Awards judging process is unusually rigorous. Board members discuss recommended entries as well as their own selections at intensive preliminary meetings in Los Angeles and Washington, the Board convenes at the Peabody Offices on the University of Georgia campus in late March for final screenings and deliberations. Each entrant is judged on its own merit, and only unanimously selected programs receive Peabodys, there is no set number of Peabodys, the all-time record for Peabody recipients in a single year is 46 Awards in 2013. George Foster Peabody, namesake of the awards, was a successful investment banker who devoted much of his fortune to education. John E. Drewry was the first dean of the University of Georgias Henry W. Grady College of Journalism and he accepted the position of dean when it was created in 1940. That same year he helped Lambdin Kay, general manager of Atlantas WSB Radio, dr. Worth McDougald served as Director of the Peabody Awards program from 1963 until his retirement in 1991. Barry Sherman was the Director of the George Foster Peabody Awards program at the University of Georgia from 1991 until his death in 2000. Horace Newcomb held the Lambdin Kay Chair for the Peabodys in the Grady College of Journalism, jeffrey P. Jones succeeded Horace Newcomb in July 2013 as the Lambdin Kay Chair for the Peabodys in the Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communication at the University of Georgia. Each spring, Peabody organizers announce award recipients for work covering the previous year, traditionally, the winners announcements have been made via a simple press release and/or a press conference. In recent years, however, organizers have taken to television to reveal some Peabody recipients in an effort to expand the publics awareness of the awards. An April 2014 segment of CBS This Morning included an announcement of 2013 Peabody winners, in April 2015, the 2014 Peabodys were revealed over an 8-day period, with the entertainment-based recipients revealed on ABCs Good Morning America. The formal presentations of the Peabody Awards are traditionally held in late May or early June, the ceremony for 2014 recipients were held for the first time at night in a May 31,2015 award ceremony to be hosted by Fred Armisen
Peabody Award
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Peabody Award
Peabody Award
–
George Foster Peabody, 1907
6.
Florida
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Florida /ˈflɒrᵻdə/ is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the north by Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, Florida is the 22nd-most extensive, the 3rd-most populous, and the 8th-most densely populated of the U. S. states. Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state and is the largest city by area in the contiguous United States, the Miami metropolitan area is Floridas most populous urban area. The city of Tallahassee is the state capital, much of the state is at or near sea level and is characterized by sedimentary soil. The climate varies from subtropical in the north to tropical in the south, the American alligator, American crocodile, Florida panther, and manatee can be found in the Everglades National Park. It was a location of the Seminole Wars against the Native Americans. Today, Florida is distinctive for its large Cuban expatriate community and high population growth, the states economy relies mainly on tourism, agriculture, and transportation, which developed in the late 19th century. Florida is also renowned for amusement parks, orange crops, the Kennedy Space Center, Florida has attracted many writers such as Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings, Ernest Hemingway and Tennessee Williams, and continues to attract celebrities and athletes. It is internationally known for golf, tennis, auto racing, by the 16th century, the earliest time for which there is a historical record, major Native American groups included the Apalachee, the Timucua, the Ais, the Tocobaga, the Calusa and the Tequesta. Florida was the first part of the continental United States to be visited and settled by Europeans, the earliest known European explorers came with the Spanish conquistador Juan Ponce de León. Ponce de León spotted and landed on the peninsula on April 2,1513 and he named the region La Florida. The story that he was searching for the Fountain of Youth is a myth, in May 1539, Conquistador Hernando de Soto skirted the coast of Florida, searching for a deep harbor to land. He described seeing a wall of red mangroves spread mile after mile, some reaching as high as 70 feet. Very soon, many smokes appeared along the whole coast, billowing against the sky, the Spanish introduced Christianity, cattle, horses, sheep, the Spanish language, and more to Florida. Both the Spanish and French established settlements in Florida, with varying degrees of success, in 1559, Don Tristán de Luna y Arellano established a settlement at present-day Pensacola, making it the first attempted settlement in Florida, but it was abandoned by 1561. Spain maintained tenuous control over the region by converting the tribes to Christianity. The area of Spanish Florida diminished with the establishment of English settlements to the north, the English attacked St. Augustine, burning the city and its cathedral to the ground several times. Florida attracted numerous Africans and African-Americans from adjacent British colonies who sought freedom from slavery, in 1738, Governor Manuel de Montiano established Fort Gracia Real de Santa Teresa de Mose near St
Florida
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St. Augustine is the oldest city in the U.S., established in 1565 by Spain.
Florida
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Flag
Florida
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Aerial view of
Castillo De San Marcos (Florida).
Florida
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The five flags of Florida from the right,
Spain (1565–1763), the
Kingdom of Great Britain, Spain (1784–1821), the
Confederacy, and the United States. France (flag not shown) also controlled part of Florida.
7.
Larry King Show
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The Larry King Show was a radio talk show hosted by Larry King which aired on the Mutual Broadcasting System from 1978 to 1994. A typical show consisted of King interviewing a guest, then taking phone calls from listeners for the guest, in 1982 the show won a Peabody Award. One reason King got the Mutual job is that he had once been an announcer at WGMA-AM in Hollywood, Florida, Little went on to become president of Mutual and he hired King as Nebels replacement. Kings Mutual show debuted in Miami on January 30,1978, the show soon moved to Mutuals studios near Washington, D. C. and it developed a devoted audience. Mutual broadcast the show live Monday through Friday from midnight to 5,30 a. m, King would interview a guest for the first 60 minutes, with callers asking questions that continued the interview for another 2 hours. When he interviewed authors, King said that he would not read their book in advance, King said The less I know, the better I feel about a person or book. King recalled that due to the number of calls coming in on the days of the show there was more than one occasion when 703 blew. King said that they wanted a toll-free phone number for call-in. When he did this show, King said that doing a show meant that his work came at the end of his day. The show was successful, starting with relatively few affiliates and eventually growing to more than 500, once King started doing Larry King Live for CNN, he would do both shows in an evening. C-SPAN would annually record, and then repeatedly show, a show on cable TV. Some years, C-SPAN would simulcast the broadcast, so that TV viewers could see the show live, King would allow callers to discuss any topic they pleased with him, until the end of the program, when he expressed his own political opinions. That segment was called Open Phone America, many stations in the western time zones would carry Open Phone America live, followed by the guest interview on tape delay. Thus listeners from across the country could call into Open Phone America, callers to the show would be told to call the number and If it rings, let it ring. Well answer when its your turn, mr. Radio made over 200 calls to King during Open Phone America. King would occasionally entertain the audience by telling amusing anecdotes from his youth and early career in radio, such as a story about him and his friends faking the death of a schoolmate. The show also featured a fictional alien, Gork of the planet Fringus. Larrys primary guest host had been Jim Bohannon, who began hosting his own Saturday evening call-in show in the mid 1980s
Larry King Show
–
King interviewing
Vladimir Putin
8.
Larry King Live
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Larry King Live is an American talk show that was hosted by Larry King on CNN from 1985 to 2010. It was CNNs most watched and longest-running program, with one million viewers nightly. Every night, King interviewed one or more prominent individuals, usually celebrities, politicians, the one-hour show was broadcast three times a day in some areas, and was seen all over the world on CNN International. On June 29,2010, King announced that the program would be coming to an end, the final edition of the program aired on December 16, but a new episode on the war against cancer aired two days later on December 18. Larry King mainly conducted interviews from the studio, but he also interviewed people on-site in the White House, their cells, their homes. Critics have claimed that Larry King asks soft questions in comparison to other interviewers and his reputation for asking easy, open-ended questions has made him attractive to important figures who want to state their position while avoiding being challenged on contentious topics. When interviewed on Late Night with Conan OBrien, King said that the secret to an interview is to get the guest to talk about him- or herself. A1996 interview in the Washington Post had King note that he sometimes slips hard questions in between softballs and he said that he tries to project an image of earnestness and sincerity in each interview, and the format of the show reinforces that. In response to softball questions accusations, King says, Ive never understood that, all Ive tried to do is ask the best questions I could think of, listen to the answers, and then follow up. I dont attack anybody – thats not my style – but I follow up, Ive asked people who say this, Whats a softball question. Theyll say, You say to some movie star, whats your next project, to me, thats not a softball. To me, thats interesting – what are you doing next, King accepted call-in questions on some nights. Callers were identified only by city and state/province, and generally not by name, occasionally, surprise guests telephoned the show and comment, like governors, royalty, and celebrities. At times, prank calls came in, during major election coverage, the program may center on political analysis and commentary, as the shows airing generally coincides with the closing of polls in many states. One of Kings recurring topics is the paranormal, a frequent guest is John Edward of the popular television show Crossing Over with John Edward. Edward comes on the show and gives callers a free chance to communicate, via him. King also had alleged psychics such as Sylvia Browne and James Van Praagh on from time to time to do readings, King sometimes allows skeptics such as James Randi to debate the psychics. In an April 2005 episode, King hosted a discussion regarding Evangelical, Catholic, Jewish, Muslim
Larry King Live
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Larry King Live
Larry King Live
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King interviewing
Vladimir Putin, September 8, 2000.
9.
CNN
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The Cable News Network is an American basic cable and satellite television news channel owned by the Turner Broadcasting System division of Time Warner. It was founded in 1980 by American media proprietor Ted Turner as a 24-hour cable news channel, upon its launch, CNN was the first television channel to provide 24-hour news coverage, and was the first all-news television channel in the United States. While the news channel has numerous affiliates, CNN primarily broadcasts from the Time Warner Center in New York City and its headquarters at the CNN Center in Atlanta is only used for weekend programming. CNN is sometimes referred to as CNN/U. S. to distinguish the American channel from its sister network. As of August 2010, CNN is available in over 100 million U. S. households, broadcast coverage of the U. S. channel extends to over 890,000 American hotel rooms, as well as carriage on cable and satellite providers throughout Canada. Globally, CNN programming airs through CNN International, which can be seen by viewers in over 212 countries and territories, as of February 2015, CNN is available to about 96,289,000 cable, satellite, and telco television households in the United States. The Cable News Network was launched at 5,00 p. m. Eastern Time on June 1,1980, after an introduction by Ted Turner, the husband and wife team of David Walker and Lois Hart anchored the channels first newscast. Burt Reinhardt, the vice president of CNN at its launch, hired most of the channels first 200 employees, including the networks first news anchor. Since its debut, CNN has expanded its reach to a number of cable and satellite providers, several websites. The company has 36 bureaus, more than 900 affiliated local stations, the channels success made a bona-fide mogul of founder Ted Turner and set the stage for conglomerate Time Warners eventual acquisition of the Turner Broadcasting System in 1996. A companion channel, CNN2, was launched on January 1,1982, on January 28,1986, CNN carried the only live television coverage of the launch and subsequent break-up of Space Shuttle Challenger, which killed all seven crew members on board. On October 14,1987, Jessica McClure, an 18-month-old toddler, fell down a well in Midland, CNN quickly reported on the story, and the event helped make its name. This was before correspondents reported live from the capital while American bombs were falling. Before Saddam Hussein held a press conference with a few of the hundreds of Americans he was holding hostage. Before the nation watched, riveted but powerless, as Los Angeles was looted and burned, before O. J. Simpson took a slow ride in a white Bronco, and before everyone close to his case had an agent and a book contract. This was uncharted territory just a time ago. The moment when bombing began was announced on CNN by Bernard Shaw on January 16,1991, as follows, lets describe to our viewers what were seeing. The skies over Baghdad have been illuminated, were seeing bright flashes going off all over the sky
CNN
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Replica of the newsroom at CNN Center.
CNN
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CNN
CNN
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Operation Desert Storm as captured live on a CNN
night vision camera with reporters narrating.
CNN
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The stage for the second 2008
CNN-YouTube presidential debate.
10.
Larry King Now
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Larry King Now is a talk show hosted by Larry King and available on Ora TV, Hulu and RT. Launched on July 17,2012, the series features interviews with newsmakers, celebrities, world leaders, the show is similar to his previous CNN program, Larry King Live. The show is the first venture by Ora TV, an on-demand TV network launched in March 2012 by King, in May 2013, RT announced that Larry King Now would be broadcast on their network as well, along with the Ora TV show Politicking with Larry King. Larry King Now on Hulu Larry King Now on Ora TV Larry King Now on RT Larry King Now at the Internet Movie Database
Larry King Now
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Larry King Now
11.
Hulu
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Hulu is an American subscription video on demand service owned by Hulu LLC, a joint venture with The Walt Disney Company, 21st Century Fox, Comcast, and as of August 10,2016, Time Warner. It is primarily oriented towards television series, carrying current and past episodes of series from its owners respective television networks, the subscription service is, in turn, divided into advertising-supported and mostly ad-free tiers. In 2016, Hulu spun out its content into a joint venture with Yahoo. called Yahoo. View and announced plans for a television streaming service some time in 2017. The name Hulu comes from two Mandarin Chinese words, húlú, calabash, bottle gourd, and hùlù, interactive recording, the company blog explains, In Mandarin, Hulu has two interesting meanings, each highly relevant to our mission. The primary meaning interested us because it is used in an ancient Chinese proverb that describes the Hulu as the holder of precious things and it literally translates to gourd, and in ancient times, the Hulu was hollowed out and used to hold precious things. The secondary meaning is interactive recording and we saw both definitions as appropriate bookends and highly relevant to the mission of Hulu. Key executives instrumental in the founding of Hulu include Bruce Campbell, Peter Chernin, JB Perrette, Michael Lang, Beth Comstock, the venture was announced in March 2006 with AOL, Comcast, Facebook, MSN, Myspace, and Yahoo. planned as initial distribution partners. Kilar was named the CEO in June 2006, the name Hulu was chosen in late August 2007, when the website went live, with an announcement only and no content. It invited users to leave their addresses for the upcoming beta test. In October, Hulu began the private beta testing by invitation, Hulu launched for public access in the United States on March 12,2008. The first product to launch was the HULU Syndication network, which was designed and developed by the NBC Universal team from New York, on October 29,2007, followed by the Hulu. com destinations site. Hulu began a campaign during NBCs broadcast of Super Bowl XLIII with an initial ad starring Alec Baldwin titled Alec in Huluwood. The ad intended to reveal the shocking secret behind Hulu. Advertisements have since aired featuring Eliza Dushku, Seth MacFarlane, Denis Leary, with its investment came a seat on the board of directors, where Providence was said to act as an independent voice on the board. In October 2012, Providence sold its 10 percent stake to Hulus media owners, ComScore says monthly video streams reached 903 million in January 2010, over three times the figure for a year earlier, and second only to YouTube. On August 16,2010, a report revealed that Hulu was planning an Initial Public Offering which could value the company at more than $2 billion. On June 21,2011, The Wall Street Journal reported that an unsolicited offer caused Hulu to begin weighing whether to sell itself
Hulu
–
July 26, 2009
12.
RT America
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RT America is a TV channel based in Washington, D. C. and part of the RT network, a global multilingual television news network based in Moscow, Russia. RT is an organization funded by the Russian government. RT America also has studios and bureaus in New York City, Miami, the channel is the home and the production base of RTs U. S. based programs. RT America focuses on covering news in the United States from an alternative perspective, programs are hosted by American journalists. Similarly, most guests are American activists, academics, speakers and it maintains a separate schedule of programs each weekday from 4,00 p. m. to 12,00 a. m. Eastern Time, and like its counterpart in the UK, it simulcasts RT International at all other times, RT America is the channel for RT content delivery to United States cable and satellite providers. The channel is available in Canada on the Rogers network. In addition, the channel is available worldwide online through RTs primary website. She said that what Russia did is wrong, as she is against intervention by any nation into other countries affairs, later, Martin asserted that RT still supports her despite her differences of opinion with the Russian government. This happened in Georgia, this is happening in Ukraine, glenn Greenwald claimed that American media elites love to mock Russian media, especially RT, as being a source of shameless pro-Putin propaganda, where free expression is strictly barred. Agreeing the network has a strong pro-Russian bias, he suggested that Martins action remarkably demonstrated what journalistic independence means, on March 5,2014, RT America anchor Liz Wahl resigned on air, claiming RT was a propaganda machine for Vladimir Putin. A recording of the event quickly went viral and made her famous for the following statement, I am proud to be an American and believe in disseminating the truth. And that is why, after this newscast, I am resigning, in a March 2014 Politico article, Wahl expanded on that statement, saying, For about two and a half years. I’d looked the way as the network smeared America for the sake of making the Kremlin look better by comparison
RT America
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RT America
13.
Vilnius
–
Vilnius is the capital of Lithuania and its largest city, with a population of 542,664 as of 2015. Vilnius is located in the southeast part of Lithuania and is the second largest city in the Baltic states, Vilnius is the seat of the main government institutions of Lithuania as well as of the Vilnius District Municipality. Vilnius is classified as a Gamma global city according to GaWC studies and its Jewish influence until the 20th century has led to it being described as the Jerusalem of Lithuania and Napoleon named it the Jerusalem of the North as he was passing through in 1812. In 2009, Vilnius was the European Capital of Culture, together with the Austrian city of Linz, the name of the city originates from the Vilnia River. The city has also known by many derivate spellings in various languages throughout its history. The most notable names for the city include, Polish, Wilno, Belarusian, Вiльня, German, Wilna, Latvian, Viļņa, Russian, Вильнюс, Yiddish, ווילנע , Czech. A Russian name from the time of the Russian Empire was Вильна/Вильно, the name Vilna is still used in Finnish, Portuguese, Spanish, and Hebrew. Wilna is still used in German, along with Vilnius, the neighborhoods of Vilnius also have names in other languages, which represent the languages spoken by various ethnic groups in the area. Historian Romas Batūra identifies the city with Voruta, one of the castles of Mindaugas, during the reign of Vytenis a city started to emerge from a trading settlement and the first Franciscan Catholic church was built. These letters contain the first unambiguous reference to Vilnius as the capital, According to legend, Gediminas dreamt of an iron wolf howling on a hilltop and consulted a pagan priest for its interpretation. He was told, What is destined for the ruler and the State of Lithuania, is thus, the Iron Wolf represents a castle and a city which will be established by you on this site. This city will be the capital of the Lithuanian lands and the dwelling of their rulers, the location offered practical advantages, it lay within the Lithuanian heartland at the confluence of two navigable rivers, surrounded by forests and wetlands that were difficult to penetrate. The duchy had been subject to intrusions by the Teutonic Knights, Vilnius was the flourishing capital of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the residence of the Grand Duke. Gediminas expanded the Grand Duchy through warfare along with strategic alliances and marriages, at its height it covered the territory of modern-day Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine, Transnistria, and portions of modern-day Poland and Russia. His grandchildren Vytautas the Great and Jogaila, however, fought civil wars, during the Lithuanian Civil War of 1389–1392, Vytautas besieged and razed the city in an attempt to wrest control from Jogaila. The two later settled their differences, after a series of treaties culminating in the 1569 Union of Lublin, the rulers of this federation held either or both of two titles, Grand Duke of Lithuania or King of Poland. In 1387, Jogaila acting as a Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland Władysław II Jagiełło, the city underwent a period of expansion. The Vilnius city walls were built for protection between 1503 and 1522, comprising nine city gates and three towers, and Sigismund August moved his court there in 1544
Vilnius
–
Top:
Vilnius Old Town Middle left:
Vilnius Cathedral Middle right:
St. Anne's Church The 3rd row:
Vilnius business district (Šnipiškės) The 4th row:
Presidential Palace.
Vilnius
–
King
Mindaugas Monument
Vilnius
–
St. Nicholas Church (built before 1387) is the oldest church in Vilnius.
Vilnius
–
Palace of the Grand Dukes of Lithuania
14.
Kolomyia
–
Kolomyia or Kolomyya, formerly known as Kolomea, is a city located on the Prut River in the Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, in western Ukraine. It is administratively incorporated as a town of oblast significance and serves as the centre of the surrounding Kolomyia Raion. The city rests approximately halfway between Ivano-Frankivsk and Chernivtsi, in the center of the region of Pokuttya, with which it shares much of its history. The city is a railroad hub, as well as an industrial center. It is a center of Hutsul culture, at the turn of the 20th century the city was the most populous city in Stanislawow voivodeship. The settlement of Kolomyia was first mentioned by the Hypatian Chronicle in 1240, initially part of Kievan Rus, it later belonged to one of its successor states, the principality of Halych-Volhynia. On the order of Boroldai, the city fortress was burnt down in 1259, in 1340 it was annexed to Poland by King Casimir III, together with the rest of the region of Red Ruthenia. Sometime in the 1340s another fortress was erected here, in a short time the settlement became one of the most notable centres of commerce in the area. Because of that, the population rose rapidly, prior to 1353 there were two parishes in the settlement, one for Catholics and the other for Orthodox. In 1412 King Władysław Jagiełło erected a Dominican order monastery and a church there. About the same time, the king was forced by the war with the Teutonic Order to pawn the area of Pokucie to the hospodar of Moldavia, Alexander. Although the city remained under Polish sovereignty, the income of the offices in the area was given to the Moldavians. In 1405 the towns city rights were confirmed and it was granted with the Magdeburg Law and this move made the development of the area faster and Kołomyja, as it was called then, attracted many settlers from many parts of Europe. Apart from the local Ukrainians and Poles, many Armenians, Jews, in 1411 the fortress-city was given away for 25 years to the Vlach Hospodar Olexander as a gift for his support in the war against Hungary. In 1443, a year before his death, King Wladislaus II of Poland granted the city yet another privilege which allowed the burghers to trade salt, one of the most precious minerals of the Middle Ages. Since the castle fell into disarray, in 1448 King Casimir IV of Poland gave the castle on the hill above the town to Maria, widow of Eliah. In exchange, she refurbished the castle and reinforced it, in 1456 the town was granted yet another privilege. This time the king allowed the authorities to stop all merchants passing by the town
Kolomyia
–
City Hall in Kolomyia
Kolomyia
–
Market Square in Kolomyja
Kolomyia
–
Old Town in Kolomyja
Kolomyia
–
Austrian stamp cancelled in 1871 (
Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria)
15.
Orthodox Jews
–
Orthodox Judaism includes movements such as Modern Orthodox Judaism and Ultra-Orthodox or Haredi Judaism. As of 2001, Orthodox Jews and Jews affiliated with an Orthodox synagogue accounted for approximately 50% of British Jews,26. 5% of Israeli Jews, among those affiliated to a synagogue body, Orthodox Jews represent 70% of British Jewry, and 27% of American Jewry. Orthodoxy is not one single movement or school of thought, there is no single rabbinical body to which all rabbis are expected to belong, or any one organization representing member congregations. In the 20th century, a segment of the Orthodox population disagreed with Modern Orthodoxy, such rabbis viewed innovations and modifications within Jewish law and customs with extreme care and caution. This form of Judaism may be referred to as Haredi Judaism or Ultra-Orthodox Judaism, several local Jewish papers, including New Yorks Jewish Week and Philadelphias Jewish Exponent have also dropped use of the term. According to Rabbi David Bar-Hayim, the term Orthodox Judaism was coined as a response to the rise of Reform Judaism in early 19th century Germany, some researchers attempted to argue that the importance of daily practice and punctilious adherence to Jewish Law relegated theoretical issues to an ancillary status. Others dismissed this view entirely, citing the many debates in ancient rabbinic sources which castigated various heresies without any reference to observance, however, while lacking a uniform doctrine, Orthodox Judaism is basically united in affirming several core beliefs, disavowal of which is considered major blasphemy. As in other aspects, Orthodox positions reflect the mainstream of traditional Rabbinic Judaism through the ages, attempts to codify these were undertaken by several medieval authorities, including Saadia Gaon and Joseph Albo. Yet the 13 Fundamentals expounded by Maimonides in his Commentary on the Mishnah, but in recent centuries the 13 Principles became standard, and are considered binding and cardinal by Orthodox authorities in a virtually universal manner. More specific doctrines refer to the times of Godly salvation and afterlife – in Judaism, Olam haBa and these include belief in divine reward for those who observe the Lords commandments and likewise, punishment meted unto the transgressors. Maimonides reserved one article for this tenet, oft mentioned in sources, stating merely that God rewards. This issue has been subject to debate and interpretation. Nahmanides offered a comprehensive system, with divine remuneration for better or worse both in this world, via natural means, and in a celestial heaven and hell. One of the most important teachings concerning afterlife in Judaism is the Resurrection of the Dead, the Talmud listed deniers of this faith as heretics who shall have no part in the World to Come. Maimoindes specified it apart as a separate article and this particular notion is closely linked with Reward and Punishment. They will live ordinary, corporeal life but will not die, then all mankind shall be resuscitated and be given each his just due. The eternal reward shall be preserved for their soul, as beforehand, preceding the miraculous events linked with afterlife is the Advent of the Messiah, also independently listed among Maimonides Thirteen as a tenet of faith. Orthodox Judaism maintains the historical understanding of Jewish identity, a Jew is someone who was born to a Jewish mother, or who converts to Judaism in accordance with Jewish law and tradition
Orthodox Jews
–
The
Shulchan Aruch, published in 1565, is the authoritative legal code for Orthodox Jews
Orthodox Jews
–
Rabbi
Moshe Feinstein, a leading 20th-century American Orthodox authority.
Orthodox Jews
–
The Babylonian
Talmud
Orthodox Jews
–
The
New York City Metropolitan Area is home to the largest American Orthodox Jewish population.
16.
Welfare (financial aid)
–
For conceptual models of social well-being, see Social welfare function. Welfare is the provision of a level of well-being and social support for citizens without current means to support basic needs. The welfare state expands on this concept to include such as universal healthcare. In the Roman Empire, the first emperor Augustus provided the Cura Annonae or grain dole for citizens who could not afford to buy food every month, Social welfare was enlarged by the Emperor Trajan. Trajans program brought acclaim from many, including Pliny the Younger, the Song dynasty government supported multiple programs which could be classified as social welfare, including the establishment of retirement homes, public clinics, and paupers graveyards. According to economist Robert Henry Nelson, The medieval Roman Catholic Church operated a far-reaching, early welfare programs in Europe included the English Poor Law of 1601, which gave parishes the responsibility for providing welfare payments to the poor. This system was modified by the 19th-century Poor Law Amendment Act. It was predominantly in the late 19th and early 20th centuries that a system of state welfare provision was introduced in many countries. Otto von Bismarck, Chancellor of Germany, introduced one of the first welfare systems for the working classes, in Great Britain the Liberal government of Henry Campbell-Bannerman and David Lloyd George introduced the National Insurance system in 1911, a system later expanded by Clement Attlee. The United States inherited Englands poor house laws and has had a form of welfare since before it won its independence. Modern welfare states include Germany, France, the Netherlands, as well as the Nordic countries, such as Iceland, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, esping-Andersen classified the most developed welfare state systems into three categories, Social Democratic, Conservative, and Liberal. In the Islamic world, Zakat, one of the Five Pillars of Islam, has collected by the government since the time of the Rashidun caliph Umar in the 7th century. The taxes were used to provide income for the needy, including the poor, elderly, orphans, widows, according to the Islamic jurist Al-Ghazali, the government was also expected to store up food supplies in every region in case a disaster or famine occurred. Welfare can take a variety of forms, such as payments, subsidies and vouchers. A persons eligibility for welfare may also be constrained by means testing or other conditions, Welfare is provided by governments or their agencies, by private organizations, or a combination of both. Funding for welfare usually comes from government revenue, but when dealing with charities or NGOs. Some countries run conditional cash transfer welfare programs where payment is conditional on behaviour of the recipients, the 1890s economic depression and the rise of the trade unions and the Labor parties during this period led to a movement for welfare reform. In 1900, the states of New South Wales and Victoria enacted legislation introducing non-contributory pensions for those aged 65, a national invalid disability pension was started in 1910, and a national maternity allowance was introduced in 1912
Welfare (financial aid)
–
Distributing
alms to the poor, abbey of Port-Royal des Champs c. 1710.
Welfare (financial aid)
–
World GDP (PPP) per capita by country (2014)
Welfare (financial aid)
–
President
Roosevelt signs the
Social Security Act, August 14, 1935.
17.
CBS
–
CBS is an American commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of CBS Corporation. The company is headquartered at the CBS Building in New York City with major facilities and operations in New York City. CBS is sometimes referred to as the Eye Network, in reference to the iconic logo. It has also called the Tiffany Network, alluding to the perceived high quality of CBS programming during the tenure of William S. Paley. It can also refer to some of CBSs first demonstrations of color television, the network has its origins in United Independent Broadcasters Inc. a collection of 16 radio stations that was purchased by Paley in 1928 and renamed the Columbia Broadcasting System. Under Paleys guidance, CBS would first become one of the largest radio networks in the United States, in 1974, CBS dropped its former full name and became known simply as CBS, Inc. In 2000, CBS came under the control of Viacom, which was formed as a spin-off of CBS in 1971, CBS Corporation is controlled by Sumner Redstone through National Amusements, which also controls the current Viacom. The television network has more than 240 owned-and-operated and affiliated stations throughout the United States. The origins of CBS date back to January 27,1927, Columbia Phonographic went on the air on September 18,1927, with a presentation by the Howard Barlow Orchestra from flagship station WOR in Newark, New Jersey, and fifteen affiliates. Operational costs were steep, particularly the payments to AT&T for use of its land lines, in early 1928 Judson sold the network to brothers Isaac and Leon Levy, owners of the networks Philadelphia affiliate WCAU, and their partner Jerome Louchenheim. With the record out of the picture, Paley quickly streamlined the corporate name to Columbia Broadcasting System. He believed in the power of advertising since his familys La Palina cigars had doubled their sales after young William convinced his elders to advertise on radio. By September 1928, Paley bought out the Louchenheim share of CBS, during Louchenheims brief regime, Columbia paid $410,000 to A. H. Grebes Atlantic Broadcasting Company for a small Brooklyn station, WABC, which would become the networks flagship station. WABC was quickly upgraded, and the relocated to 860 kHz. The physical plant was relocated also – to Steinway Hall on West 57th Street in Manhattan, by the turn of 1929, the network could boast to sponsors of having 47 affiliates. Paley moved right away to put his network on a financial footing. In the fall of 1928, he entered talks with Adolph Zukor of Paramount Pictures. The deal came to fruition in September 1929, Paramount acquired 49% of CBS in return for a block of its stock worth $3.8 million at the time
CBS
–
Paley's management saw a twentyfold increase in gross income in his first decade.
CBS
–
Wholesome
Kate Smith, Paley's choice for La Palina Hour, was unthreatening to home and hearth
CBS
–
When
Charlie Chaplin finally allowed the world to hear his voice after 20 years of mime, he chose CBS's airwaves to do it on.
CBS
–
CBS west coast headquarters reflected its industry stature while hosting its top Hollywood talent.
18.
Miami, Florida
–
Miami is a seaport city at the southeastern corner of the U. S. state of Florida and its Atlantic coast. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, Miamis metro area is the eighth-most populous, Miami is a major center, and a leader in finance, commerce, culture, media, entertainment, the arts, and international trade. In 2012, Miami was classified as an Alpha−World City in the World Cities Study Groups inventory, in 2010, Miami ranked seventh in the United States in terms of finance, commerce, culture, entertainment, fashion, education, and other sectors. It ranked 33rd among global cities, in 2008, Forbes magazine ranked Miami Americas Cleanest City, for its year-round good air quality, vast green spaces, clean drinking water, clean streets, and citywide recycling programs. According to a 2009 UBS study of 73 world cities, Miami was ranked as the richest city in the United States, Miami is nicknamed the Capital of Latin America and is the largest city with a Cuban-American plurality. Miami has the third tallest skyline in the U. S. with over 300 high-rises, Downtown Miami is home to the largest concentration of international banks in the United States, and many large national and international companies. The Civic Center is a center for hospitals, research institutes, medical centers. For more than two decades, the Port of Miami, known as the Cruise Capital of the World, has been the number one cruise port in the world. It accommodates some of the worlds largest cruise ships and operations, Metropolitan Miami is the major tourism hub in the American South, number two in the U. S. after New York City and number 13 in the world, including the popular destination of Miami Beach. The Miami area was inhabited for thousands of years by indigenous Native American tribes, the Tequestas occupied the area for a thousand years before encountering Europeans. An Indian village of hundreds of people dating to 500–600 B. C. was located at the mouth of the Miami River, in 1566 the explorer, Pedro Menéndez de Avilés, claimed it for Spain. A Spanish mission was constructed one year later in 1567, Spain and Great Britain successively controlled Florida, and Spain ceded it to the United States in 1821. In 1836, the US built Fort Dallas as part of its development of the Florida Territory and attempt to suppress, the Miami area subsequently became a site of fighting during the Second Seminole War. Miami is noted as the major city in the United States conceived by a woman, Julia Tuttle, a local citrus grower. The Miami area was known as Biscayne Bay Country in the early years of its growth. In the late 19th century, reports described the area as a promising wilderness, the area was also characterized as one of the finest building sites in Florida. The Great Freeze of 1894–95 hastened Miamis growth, as the crops of the Miami area were the ones in Florida that survived. Julia Tuttle subsequently convinced Henry Flagler, a tycoon, to expand his Florida East Coast Railway to the region
Miami, Florida
–
From top, left to right: Skyline of
Downtown,
Freedom Tower,
Villa Vizcaya,
Miami Tower,
Virginia Key Beach,
Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts,
AmericanAirlines Arena,
PortMiami, the Moon over Miami
Miami, Florida
–
The
Freedom Tower of 1925 is Miami's historical
landmark.
Miami, Florida
–
Approximately 400 men voted for Miami's incorporation in 1896 in the building to the left.
Miami, Florida
–
The mouth of the
Miami River at
Brickell Key
19.
WMBM
–
WMBM is a radio station broadcasting a Gospel format. Licensed to Miami Beach, Florida, USA, the serves the Miami area. The station is owned by New Birth Broadcasting Corp. Inc. Note, A station with call letters WMBM, Miami Beach, began broadcasting October 27,1947, the licensee was Biscayne Broadcasting Company. The station went on the air from Miami Beach, in 1955 as WAHR, the station was later renamed WMET, in the early 1960s, and was South Floridas first full-time Spanish language radio station. Shortly thereafter, the WMET call letters and programming moved to frequency. WMBM went on to develop a large and popular history as Miamis premier AM station for Rhythm and Blues, Gospel, Jazz, noted jazz broadcaster China Valles had a popular show on the station. Motivational speaker Les Brown was a jockey on WMBM. The station became WSBH on July 23,1993, with a Talk format, on March 10,1995, the station changed its call sign to the current WMBM and returned to a Gospel format, which the station had for much of the 80s. Its current prime time DJs include Bishop Victor T. Curry, Jerry Sawyer, Milton MJ Smith, Jose Miller, Kevin Moyd, Lydia Goodin, Joe Riley, Rev. CJ Kelley, Greg Cooper, and Tiffany Robinson. Jerry Sawyer and Milton MJ Smith were two of the first radio D. J. s to play and interview Soul & Gospel artist Freddie Lee Peterkin. Query the FCCs AM station database for WMBM Radio-Locator Information on WMBM Query Nielsen Audios AM station database for WMBM FCC History Cards for WMBM
WMBM
–
WMBM
20.
Miami Beach, Florida
–
Miami Beach is a coastal resort city in Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States. It was incorporated on March 26,1915, the municipality is located on natural and man-made barrier islands between the Atlantic Ocean and Biscayne Bay, the latter of which separates the Beach from Miami. The neighborhood of South Beach, comprising the southernmost 2.5 square miles of Miami Beach, along with downtown Miami, as of the 2010 census, Miami Beach had a total population of 87,779. It has been one of Americas pre-eminent beach resorts since the early 20th century, in 1979, Miami Beachs Art Deco Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The Art Deco District is the largest collection of Art Deco architecture in the world and comprises hundreds of hotels, apartments, mediterranean, Streamline Moderne and Art Deco are all represented in the District. The Historic District is bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the East, Lenox Court on the West, 6th Street on the South and Dade Boulevard along the Collins Canal to the North. The movement to preserve the Art Deco Districts architectural heritage was led by interior designer Barbara Capitman. Miami Beach is governed by a mayor and six commissioners. Although the mayor runs commission meetings, the mayor and all commissioners have equal voting power and are elected by popular election. The mayor serves for terms of two years with a limit of three terms and commissioners serve for terms of four years and are limited to two terms. Commissioners are voted for citywide and every two years three commission seats are voted upon, a city manager is responsible for administering governmental operations. An appointed city manager is responsible for administration of the city, the City Clerk and the City Attorney are also appointed officials. In 1870, a father and son, Henry and Charles Lum, the first structure to be built on this uninhabited oceanfront was the Biscayne House of Refuge, constructed in 1876 by the United States Life-Saving Service at approximately 72nd Street. Its purpose was to provide food, water, and a return to civilization for people who were shipwrecked, Collins family members saw the potential in developing the beach as a resort. This effort got underway in the years of the 20th century by the Collins/Pancoast family, the Lummus brothers. Until then, the beach here was only the destination for day-trips by ferry from Miami, there were bath houses and food stands, but no hotel until Browns Hotel was built in 1915. Much of the land mass at that time was a tangled jungle of mangroves. Clearing it, deepening the channels and water bodies, and eliminating native growth almost everywhere in favor of landfill for development, was expensive
Miami Beach, Florida
–
Southern portion of Miami Beach with downtown Miami in background
Miami Beach, Florida
–
Roller skating waitresses at Roney Plaza Hotel, 1939
Miami Beach, Florida
–
The iconic
Ocean Drive of Miami Beach with many
Art Deco style hotels.
Miami Beach, Florida
–
South Beach in March 2008
21.
Disc jockey
–
A disc jockey is a person who mixes different sources of pre-existing recorded music as it is playing, usually for a live audience in a nightclub or dance club or via broadcasting. DJs typically perform for an audience in a nightclub or dance club or a TV, radio broadcast audience, or in the 2010s. DJs also create mixes, remixes and tracks that are recorded for later sale, in hip hop music, DJs may create beats, using percussion breaks, basslines and other musical content sampled from pre-existing records. In hip hop, rappers and MCs use these beats to rap over, DJs use equipment that can play at least two sources of recorded music simultaneously and mix them together. This allows the DJ to create seamless transitions between recordings and develop unique mixes of songs, DJ equipment, notably the specialized DJ mixer, a small audio mixer with a crossfader and cue functions. The crossfader enables the DJ to blend or transition from one song to another, the cue knobs or switches allow the DJ to preview a source of recorded music in headphones before playing it for the live club or broadcast audience. Previewing the music in headphones helps the DJ pick the track they want to play. DJs may also use a microphone to speak to the audience, effects such as reverb to create sound effects, drum machines. The title DJ is also used by DJs in front of their real names or adopted pseudonyms or stage names as a title to denote their profession. Some DJs focus on creating a mix of songs for the club dancers or radio audience. Other DJs use turntablism techniques such as scratching, in which the DJ or turntablist manipulates the record player turntable to create new sounds. In many types of DJing, including club DJing and radio/TV DJing, there are several types of disc jockey. Radio DJs or radio personalities introduce and play music that is broadcast on AM, FM, club DJs select and play music in bars, nightclubs or discothèques, or at parties, raves, or even in stadiums. Mobile DJs travel with portable sound systems and play recorded music at a variety of events. Some mobile DJs also serve as the master of ceremonies at weddings or other events, directing the attention of attendees, there are also many competitions for DJs that specialize in different turntablism techniques, such as mixing, hip hop music-style scratching or other kinds of techniques. Other types of DJ use musical performance techniques that allow them to be categorized as performing musicians, hip hop DJs and are also often songwriters or music producers who use turntablism and sampling to create backing instrumentals for new tracks. In reggae, the DJ is a vocalist who raps, toasts, chants or chats over pre-recorded rhythm tracks, the individual who helps the DJ by selecting tracks or records to be played is called the selector. Many electronica artists and producers who work as DJs often perform music by combining turntablism with keyboards, digital musical instruments
Disc jockey
–
A DJ performing at an event
Disc jockey
–
Technics 1200 MK2, Technics 1210 MK2, and Pioneer DJM-500 shown in a common DJ configuration
Disc jockey
–
A DJ at Sundance Film Festival 2003
Disc jockey
–
A young woman plays a gramophone in an air raid shelter in north London (1940).
22.
Miami Herald
–
The Miami Herald is a daily newspaper owned by the McClatchy Company and headquartered in Doral, Florida, a city in western Miami-Dade County several miles west of Miami. Founded in 1903, it is the second largest newspaper in South Florida, serving Miami-Dade, Broward County and it also circulates throughout Latin America and the Caribbean. The newspaper employs over 800 people in Miami and across several bureaus, including Bogotá, Managua, Tallahassee, Vero Beach, Key West, the newspaper has been awarded 20 Pulitzer Prizes since beginning publication in 1903. Well-known columnists include Pulitzer-winning political commentator Leonard Pitts, Jr. Pulitzer-winning reporter Mirta Ojito, humorist Dave Barry, other columnists include Fred Grimm and longtime sportswriter Edwin Pope. Alexandra Villoch is the publisher, and Aminda Marqués Gonzalez is the executive editor, the newspaper averages 88 pages daily and 212 pages on Sundays. The Miami Heralds coverage of Latin American and Hispanic affairs is widely considered among the best of U. S. newspapers. The Miami Herald also participates in Politifact Florida, a website that focuses on the truth about Florida issues, along with the Tampa Bay Times, the Herald and the Times share resources on news stories related to Florida. The first edition was published September 15,1903, as The Miami Evening Record, after the recession of 1907, the newspaper had severe financial difficulties. Its largest creditor was Henry Flagler, through a loan from Henry Flagler, Frank B. Shutts, who was also the founder of the law firm Shutts & Bowen, acquired the paper, although it is the longest continuously published newspaper in Miami, the earliest newspaper in the region was The Tropical Sun, established in 1891. The Miami Metropolis, which later became The Miami News, was founded in 1896, and was the Heralds oldest competitor until 1988, during the Florida land boom of the 1920s, the Miami Herald was the largest newspaper in the world, as measured by lines of advertising. During The Great Depression in the 1930s, the Herald came close to receivership, on October 25,1939, John S. Knight, son of a noted Ohio newspaperman, bought the Herald from Frank B. Knight became editor and publisher, and made his brother, James L. Knight, lee Hills arrived as city editor in September 1942. He later became the Heralds publisher and eventually the chairman of Knight-Ridder Inc. a position he held until 1981, the Miami Herald International Edition, printed by partner newspapers throughout the Caribbean and Latin America, began in 1946. It was extended to Mexico in 2002, the Herald won its first Pulitzer Prize in 1950, for its reporting on Miamis organized crime. Its circulation was 176,000 daily and 204,000 on Sundays, on August 19,1960, construction began on the Herald building on Biscayne Bay. Also on that day, Alvah H. Chapman, started work as James Knights assistant, Chapman was later promoted to Knight-Ridder chairman and chief executive officer. The Herald moved into its new building at One Herald Plaza without missing an edition on March 23–24,1963, publication of a Spanish-language supplemental insert named El Herald began in 1976
Miami Herald
–
The March 5, 2007 front page of the Miami Herald
Miami Herald
–
A Miami Herald headline dated August 7, 1945 featuring the
atomic bombing of
Hiroshima, Japan.
Miami Herald
–
The Miami Herald former headquarters on
Biscayne Bay in the
Omni neighborhood of
Downtown Miami. The Herald moved from its waterfront headquarters in 2013 to a location in suburban Doral. [
dated info]
23.
WIOD
–
WIOD is a talk radio-formatted radio station in Miami, Florida, owned by iHeartMedia, Inc. Its studios are located at the iHeart Broadcasting Complex in Miramar, most of WIODs weekday schedule is made up of nationally syndicated talk programs, including Rush Limbaugh, Sean Hannity, Glenn Beck and George Noory. A weekday morning program is hosted by Jimmy Cefalo. Experimental broadcasts began in the spring of 1925 by Carl Graham Fisher, the station made its formal debut on the South Florida airwaves on January 19,1926. Carl Fisher selected WIOD as the call letters signifying the Wonderful Isle of Dreams to commemorate Collins Island, WIOD is Floridas seventh oldest continuously licensed broadcast radio station. From 1959 to 1962, the letters were changed to WCKR. Branded Wacker Radio, it broadcast a format, but offered a Top 40 program at night. It also carried NBC Radios Monitor program on weekends, to accommodate WCKT, a new addition housing television studios was built on Broadcast Key in North Bay Village, Florida. On June 16,1981 WIOD began operating with 10,000 watts day and this special temporary authority, granted by the U. S. Federal Communications Commission, has been renewed on a regular basis since then. WIOD has been a frequent winner in annual Florida Associated Press statewide competitions, WIOD may be best known for its continuous hurricane coverage, particularly Andrew, Katrina and Wilma. Despite the stations class B status, it has strong daytime and nighttime signals, WIOD is an affiliate of the Fox News Radio network. It also is affiliated with AccuWeather and has a news and weather content sharing relationship with WTVJ-TV, WIOD was the radio flagship of the 2006 NBA champions Miami Heat from 1996 until 2008. From 1966 until 2001, it was the flagship of the Miami Dolphins. It also was the Florida Panthers original flagship station from 1993 until 2003, currently, WIOD is the official broadcast emergency station for the Broward County Commission. From April 2010 to March 2014, WIOD had launched a simulcast on FM translator W262AN100.3 MHz and it also broadcasts on WBGG-FM105.9 HD2. Reineri hosted the last music show on WIOD from 6 to 10 a. m, monday through Friday from 1974 to 1989. Reineris traffic reporter, Dave Mitchell, hosted the show on Saturday and Sunday mornings in the time slot. Longtime News Director Lori Shepard left WIOD on August 8,2013. org also a member of the AMS & NWA, don Anthony is retired from radio broadcasting, Teri Griffin, and Trish Anderson died on March 31,2012
WIOD
–
WIOD
24.
Bobby Darin
–
Bobby Darin was an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and actor of film and television. He performed in a range of genres, including jazz, pop, rock n roll, folk, swing. He started as a songwriter for Connie Francis, and recorded his own first million-seller Splish Splash in 1958 and this was followed by Dream Lover, Mack the Knife, and Beyond the Sea, which brought him world fame. In 1962 he won a Golden Globe Award for his first film Come September, co-starring his first wife, during the 1960s he became more politically active and worked on Robert F. Kennedys Democratic presidential campaign. He was present on the night of June 4/5,1968 and that same year he discovered that he had been brought up by his grandmother, not his mother, and that the girl he had thought to be his sister was actually his mother. These events deeply affected Darin and sent him into a period of seclusion. Although he made a successful comeback - in television - his health was beginning to fail, as he had always expected and this knowledge of his vulnerability had always spurred him on to exploit his musical talent while still young. He died at age 37, following an operation in Los Angeles. Born Walden Robert Cassotto in the East Harlem neighborhood of New York City, Bobby Darin was reared by his maternal grandmother, Darins birth mother, Vanina Juliette Nina Cassotto, became pregnant with him in the summer of 1935 when she was 17. Presumably because of the nature of out-of-wedlock pregnancies in that era, Nina. Darins maternal grandfather, Saverio Antonio Big Sam Curly Cassotto, was of Italian descent and his maternal grandmother, Vivian Fern Walden, who called herself Polly, was of English ancestry and a vaudeville singer. From his birth, Darin always believed Nina to be his older sister, but in 1968, when he was 32, Nina told Darin the truth, reportedly devastating him. By the time he was a teenager, Darin could play several instruments, including piano, drums and he later added harmonica and xylophone. Darin moved to the Bronx early in his life and graduated from the prestigious Bronx High School of Science, in later years he attributed his arrogance to his experiences at the high school, where he was surrounded by brighter students who would tease him. He then enrolled at Hunter College and soon gravitated to the drama department, after only two semesters, he dropped out to pursue an acting career. Darins career took off with a partnership, formed in 1955 with Don Kirshner. They wrote jingles and songs, beginning with Bubblegum Pop, in 1956 his agent negotiated a contract with Decca Records. The songs recorded at Decca had very little success, a member of the Brill Building gang of struggling songwriters, Darin was introduced to singer Connie Francis, for whom he helped write several songs
Bobby Darin
–
Darin in 1959
Bobby Darin
–
"Deadeye" and Darin in a 1965
Red Skelton Show skit
25.
WPLG
–
WPLG, channel 10, is an ABC-affiliated television station located in Miami, Florida, United States. WPLGs studios are located on West Hallandale Beach Boulevard in Pembroke Park, the station took ABC programming from WITV, which ceased operations shortly after losing the ABC affiliation. As a result, National Airlines was stripped of its license to operate WPST-TV, after the FCC revoked National Airlines license, a group headed by Cincinnati-area broadcaster L. B. Wilson was awarded a permit to build a new television station on channel 10. As part of an FCC-supervised deal, National Airlines sold WPSTs assets to Wilsons group, WPST signed off for the last time on November 19,1961. The next day on November 20, channel 10 returned to the air as WLBW-TV, although it operates under a separate license, what is now WPLG claimed the National Airlines stations history as its own. The new station branded itself as Sunny Channel 10 and it was also the first station in Miami to feature a weather girl, Virginia Booker. WLBW, while able to all of ABCs color programming, began local color from film. In 1967, WLBWs operations were moved to a new facility located on Biscayne Boulevard. With this move, channel 10 had full local color capability, in 1969, WLBW and Cincinnati sister station WCKY radio were purchased by the Washington Post Company and became part of its broadcasting subsidiary, Post-Newsweek Stations. WPLG adopted its current 10 logo, which features four stripes of differing colors within the 0 that represent a sunset, WTVJ and WCIX later swapped channel positions on September 10,1995, with WCIX moving to channel 4 as WFOR-TV and WTVJ moving to channel 6. Neither transaction affected WPLG, which retained its ABC affiliation as well as its channel 10 allocation, as a result, it is the only television station in the Miami-Fort Lauderdale market that has retained the same network affiliation throughout its history. Possibly because of consistency, WPLG remains one of the highest-rated stations in South Florida. In 2004, WPLG began branding itself as Local 10 under the branding standardization adopted by Post-Newsweek for its stations, however, Comcast dropped WPLG from its West Palm Beach area systems on April 13,2011. However, WPLG remains at a second place, in a tie with WSVN. On July 18,2008, Post-Newsweek Stations announced that it would purchase WTVJ for $205 million, under the proposal, WTVJ would have merged its operations with WPLG at the studio facility on Hallandale Beach Boulevard in Pembroke Park. However, the sale was cancelled on December 23,2008, with NBCUniversal and The Washington Post Company citing poor economic conditions, on March 28,2009, WPLG relocated its studio facilities from 3900 Biscayne Boulevard to the new Pembroke Park facility. As a result of relocation, all of the South Florida markets Big Three network stations are based outside of the Miami city limits
WPLG
–
WPLG
26.
Jackie Gleason
–
John Herbert Jackie Gleason was an American comedian, actor, and musician who developed a style and characters in his career from growing up in Brooklyn, New York. He was known for his visual and verbal comedy style. By filming the episodes with Electronicams, Gleason later could release the series in syndication and he also developed The Jackie Gleason Show, which maintained high ratings from the mid-1950s until its cancellation in 1970. After originating in Hollywood, filming moved to Miami, Florida, John Herbert Gleason was born in 1916 at 364 Chauncey Street in the Bedford-Stuyvesant section of Brooklyn. He grew up at 328 Chauncey, named Herbert Walton Gleason, Jr. at birth, he was baptized John Herbert Gleason. His parents were Herbert Walton Herb Gleason, an Irish-American insurance auditor, Gleason was one of two children, his brother, Clement J. died of meningitis at age 14. Gleason remembered him and his father having a beautiful handwriting, and he used to watch him work at the kitchen table. Once it became evident that he was not coming back, Mae went to work as an attendant for the Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation. With the disappearance of his father, young Gleason began hanging around with a gang, hustling pool. 73 Elementary School in Brooklyn, John Adams High School in Queens, Gleason became interested in performing after being part of a class play, he quit school before graduating and got a job that paid $4 per night as master of ceremonies at a theater. Other jobs he held at that time included working in a hall, as a stunt driver. He performed the same duties twice a week at the Folly Theater, Gleason was raised by his mother. When she died in 1935 of sepsis from a large neck carbuncle, Gleason was 19, he had nowhere to go, and he had 36 cents to his name. The family of his first girlfriend, Julie Dennehy, offered to him in, Gleason, however, was headstrong. His friend Sammy Birch made room for him in the room he shared with another comedian. Birch also told him of a gig in Reading, Pennsylvania. The booking agent advanced him bus fare for the trip against his salary and this was Gleasons first job as a professional comedian, henceforth, he would always have regular work in small clubs. Gleason worked his way up to a job at New Yorks Club 18, Gleason greeted noted skater Sonja Henie by handing her an ice cube and saying, Okay, now do something
Jackie Gleason
–
as
Minnesota Fats in
The Hustler (1961)
Jackie Gleason
–
Early photo of Gleason
Jackie Gleason
–
Gleason and
Rosemary DeCamp as Chester and Peg Riley in The Life of Riley.
Jackie Gleason
–
Gleason and June Taylor dancer Margaret Jeanne get ready for
St. Patrick's Day 1955
27.
Color commentator
–
A color commentator is a North American term for a sports commentator who assists the main commentator, often by filling in any time when play is not in progress. In other regions this role is referred to as an analyst or summariser. The color analyst and main commentator will often exchange comments freely throughout the broadcast, the color commentator provides expert analysis and background information, such as statistics, strategy and injury reports on the teams and athletes, and occasionally anecdotes or light humor. Color commentators are often former athletes or coaches of the sport being broadcast, the term color refers to levity and insight provided by a secondary announcer. A sports color commentator customarily works alongside the play-by-play broadcaster, commentary teams typically feature one professional commentator describing the passage of play, and another, usually a former player or coach, providing supplementary input as the game progresses. Additionally, former players and managers appear as pundits, carrying out a role to the co-commentator during the pre-game show preceding a given contest. In American motorsports coverage, there may be as many as two color commentators in the booth for a given broadcast, in the United Kingdom, the term color commentator is relatively unknown, rather the role is called analyst, summarizer, or simply commentator. Cricket coverage on ESPNcricinfo uses similar terminology, in Australia, the term is not used. Those giving the analysis alongside the main commentator are sometimes said to be giving additional or expert analysis, or are special comments, there is no mention or translation to the term color. In Denmark, Norway and Sweden the term ekspertkommentator / expertkommentator is used for a sidekick to the play-by-play announcer. In Spanish and Portuguese-speaking countries, the position is known as a comentarista and comentador, respectively, similarly, in Finland kommentaattori is used for the second commentator, and selostaja for the main one. In France, the term for a commentator is consultant. In Italy, the commentator is usually referred to as responsible for the commento tecnico whereas the play-by-play commentator is the main telecronista. In Italy, too, the commentator is usually a person formerly directly involved in the sport. Recent Formula 1 races have no fewer than three commentators, the telecronista, a pilot, and an engineer, the last two sharing the commento tecnico. In Turkey, the term spiker is used for the play-by-play announcer whereas the color commentator is referred to simply as yorumcu, in some countries, the two-person commentating team is not used as much as elsewhere. In Germany, most broadcasts of sports matches traditionally feature a single play-by-play announcer who provides commentary, background information. If the broadcast is on TV, the announcer will usually not comment on visually obvious things, in those cases, a current or former athlete or coach is often used as co-commentator or Experte
Color commentator
–
Main commentator Arsenio Cañada (middle) introduces the basketball game between
CB Estudiantes and
CB Málaga assisted by two color analysts: Manel Comas, former coach, and
Juanma Iturriaga, former player.
Color commentator
–
Professional wrestling commentators
John Layfield,
Michael Cole, and
Jerry "The King" Lawler.
28.
Miami Dolphins
–
The Miami Dolphins are a professional American football franchise based in the Miami metropolitan area. The Dolphins compete in the National Football League as a club of the leagues American Football Conference East division. The Dolphins play their games at Hard Rock Stadium in the northern suburb of Miami Gardens, Florida. The Dolphins and the Atlanta Falcons are the oldest NFL franchises in the Deep South, however, of the four AFC East teams, they are the only team in the division that was not a charter member of the American Football League. The Dolphins team was founded by attorney-politician Joe Robbie and actor-comedian Danny Thomas and they began play in the AFL in 1966. For the first few years the Dolphins full-time training camp and practice facilities were at Saint Andrews School, in 1970 the Dolphins joined the NFL when the AFL–NFL merger occurred. The team made its first Super Bowl appearance in Super Bowl VI, Miami also appeared in Super Bowl XVII and Super Bowl XIX, losing both games. For most of their history, the Dolphins were coached by Don Shula. Under Shula, the Dolphins posted losing records in two of his 26 seasons as the head coach. During the period spanning 1983 to the end of 1999, quarterback Dan Marino became one of the most prolific passers in NFL history, Marino led the Dolphins to five division titles,10 playoff appearances, and Super Bowl XIX before retiring following the 1999 season. During the summer of 1966, the Dolphins training camp was in St. Pete Beach with practices in August at Boca Ciega High School in Gulfport. The Dolphins had a combined 15–39–2 record in their first four seasons under head coach George Wilson, before Don Shula was hired as head coach. Shula was a Paul Brown disciple who had been lured from the Baltimore Colts after losing Super Bowl III two seasons earlier to the AFLs New York Jets and finishing 8–5–1 the following season. Interestingly, Shula got his first NFL coaching job from then-Detroit Head Coach George Wilson, when Shula replaced Wilson at Miami the Colts charged the Dolphins with tampering in their hiring of Shula, costing the Dolphins their first round draft pick in 1971. Shula introduced himself to the Miami press by saying that he didnt have any magic formulas, Shulas early training camps with the Dolphins, with four workouts a day, would soon be the stuff of sweltering, painful legend. But Shulas hard work paid dividends, as Miami improved to a 10–4 record and their first-ever playoff appearance. The Dolphins were successful in the early 1970s, becoming the first team to advance to the AFC Championship for three consecutive seasons and they captured the AFC championship in 1971 behind quarterback Bob Griese, running backs Larry Csonka and Jim Kiick, and wide receiver Paul Warfield. The AFC Divisional Playoff Game, in which the Dolphins defeated the Kansas City Chiefs, was the longest contest in NFL history, in Super Bowl VI, however, Miami lost to the Dallas Cowboys 24–3
Miami Dolphins
–
Statue of Don Shula outside Sun Life Stadium
Miami Dolphins
Miami Dolphins
–
Quarterback
Earl Morrall in 1976, his final year in the NFL
Miami Dolphins
–
Dan Marino spent 17 seasons with the Dolphins from 1983–1999.
29.
National Football League
–
The National Football League is a professional American football league consisting of 32 teams, divided equally between the National Football Conference and the American Football Conference. The NFL is one of the four professional sports leagues in North America. The NFLs 17-week regular season runs from the week after Labor Day to the week after Christmas, with each team playing 16 games, the NFL was formed in 1920 as the American Professional Football Association before renaming itself the National Football League for the 1922 season. The NFL agreed to merge with the American Football League in 1966, and the first Super Bowl was held at the end of that season, the merger was completed in 1970. Today, the NFL has the highest average attendance of any sports league in the world and is the most popular sports league in the United States. S. The NFLs executive officer is the commissioner, who has authority in governing the league. The team with the most NFL championships is the Green Bay Packers with thirteen, the current NFL champions are the New England Patriots, who defeated the Atlanta Falcons 34–28 in Super Bowl LI. Another meeting held on September 17,1920 resulted in the renaming of the league to the American Professional Football Association, the league hired Jim Thorpe as its first president, and consisted of 14 teams. Only two of these teams, the Decatur Staleys and the Chicago Cardinals, remain, the first event occurred on September 26,1920 when the Rock Island Independents defeated the non-league St. Paul Ideals 48–0 at Douglas Park. On October 3,1920, the first full week of league play occurred, the following season resulted in the Chicago Staleys controversially winning the title over the Buffalo All-Americans. In 1922, the APFA changed its name to the National Football League, in 1932, the season ended with the Chicago Bears and the Portsmouth Spartans tied for first in the league standings. This method had used since the leagues creation in 1920. The league quickly determined that a game between Chicago and Portsmouth was needed to decide the leagues champion. Playing with altered rules to accommodate the playing field, the Bears won the game 9–0. Fan interest in the de facto championship game led the NFL, beginning in 1933, the 1934 season also marked the first of 12 seasons in which African Americans were absent from the league. The de facto ban was rescinded in 1946, following public pressure, the NFL was always the foremost professional football league in the United States, it nevertheless faced a large number of rival professional leagues through the 1930s and 1940s. Rival leagues included at least three separate American Football Leagues and the All-America Football Conference, on top of regional leagues of varying caliber. Three NFL teams trace their histories to these leagues, including the Los Angeles Rams
National Football League
–
The headquarters of the National Football League at
345 Park Avenue,
Midtown Manhattan,
New York City, U.S.
National Football League
–
National Football League
National Football League
–
The
Akron Pros won the first APFA (NFL) Championship.
National Football League
–
NFL Commissioner
Roger Goodell
30.
WTVJ
–
WTVJ, virtual channel 6, is an NBC owned-and-operated television station licensed to Miami, Florida, United States. The station is owned by the NBC Owned Television Stations subsidiary of NBCUniversal, as part of a duopoly with WSCV, flagship station of the co-owned Telemundo network. The station first signed on the air on March 21,1949 at 12,00 p. m. WTVJ was the first television station to sign on in the state of Florida, and the 16th station in the United States. Originally broadcasting on VHF channel 4, the station was founded by Wometco Enterprises, the station was a primary CBS affiliate, but also carried programming from the other three major broadcast networks of that era. During the late 1950s, the station was briefly affiliated with the NTA Film Network. WTVJ was the commercial television station in the Miami market until Fort Lauderdale-based WFTL-TV signed on the air on December 24,1954. NBC continued to allow WTVJ to cherry-pick programs broadcast by the network until WCKT signed on in July 1956, channel 4 shared ABC programming with WCKT, by way of an arrangement with the network to allow both stations to cherry-pick programming. Although ABC had an affiliate in WITV, due to the aforementioned lack of UHF penetration at that time. WTVJ also served as the de facto CBS affiliate for West Palm Beach, WTVJ served as the producing station for CBSs Jackie Gleason Show after Gleason moved the program from New York City to Miami Beach in 1964. Wometco founder and president Mitchell Wolfson died in 1983 and a secret plan to run the company after his death was never found. Remaining Wolfson heirs had no desire to keep the company in the family, investment firm Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. took over Wometco in 1984 in a $1 billion deal, the largest corporate buyout in history to that date. KKR sold most of Wometcos entertainment assets to the companys chief operating officer Arthur Hertz in 1985. KKRs intent was to sell the properties within a few years at a higher price, in 1986, KKR opted to put WTVJ and the Storer stations on the market. The firm had plans to sell channel 4 for a price of close to $500 million. CBS saw a chance to acquire a station in the fast-growing Miami market. However, it lost a war to television syndication company Lorimar-Telepictures. Thus, CBS threatened to yank its affiliation with WTVJ if the Lorimar deal went through, which would force the station to become an independent. Lorimar then walked away from the deal in May 1986, CBS then made an offer to buy WTVJ for $170 million
WTVJ
–
Archived WTVJ news tape as seen from the Florida Moving Image Archive. The logo shown was adopted shortly before the switch to NBC in 1989 (before the station officially switched to NBC, the "4" was used by itself).
WTVJ
–
WTVJ
WTVJ
–
WTVJ's newsroom.
WTVJ
–
Former WTVJ anchor
Ralph Renick (1985).
31.
Super Bowl VI
–
The Cowboys defeated the Dolphins by the score of 24–3, to win their first Super Bowl. The game was played on January 16,1972, at Tulane Stadium in New Orleans, Louisiana, despite the southerly location, it was unseasonably cold at the time, with the kickoff air temperature of 39 °F making this the coldest Super Bowl ever played. They posted an 11–3 record during the 1971 regular season defeating the Minnesota Vikings. The Cowboys dominated Super Bowl VI, setting Super Bowl records for the most rushing yards, the most first downs, and they remain the only team ever to prevent their opponent from scoring a touchdown in the Super Bowl. The game was close in the first half, with the Cowboys only leading 10–3 at halftime, but Dallas opened the third quarter with a 71-yard, 8-play touchdown drive, and then Dallas linebacker Chuck Howleys 41-yard interception return in the fourth quarter set up another score. Cowboys quarterback Roger Staubach, who completed 12 out of 18 passes for 119 yards, threw 2 touchdown passes and this was the last Super Bowl to be blacked out in the TV market in which the game was played. Under the NFLs unconditional blackout rules at the time, the Super Bowl could not be broadcast locally even if the team did not advance to the Super Bowl. The following year, the changed their rules to allow games to be broadcast in the local market if sold out 72 hours in advance. It was the last Super Bowl played with hashmarks at 40 feet apart, the year, they were brought in to 18 1⁄2 feet. The NFL awarded Super Bowl VI to New Orleans on March 23,1971 at the meetings held in Palm Beach. The Cowboys entered the season still having the reputation of not being able to win the big games, the Super Bowl V loss added more fuel to that widely held view. As in the season, Dallas had a quarterback controversy as Staubach. The Cowboys were 4–3 at the midpoint, including a 24–14 loss to the New Orleans Saints at Tulane Stadium. But after head coach Tom Landry settled on Staubach, the Cowboys won their last seven regular season games to finish with an 11–3 record. Staubach finished the season as the NFLs top rated passer by throwing for 1,882 yards,15 touchdowns. He was also a terrific rusher, gaining 343 yards and 2 touchdowns on 41 carries. Dallas also had a trio of running backs, Walt Garrison, Duane Thomas, and Calvin Hill. Garrison led the team in receptions during the season, wide Receivers Bob Hayes and Lance Alworth also provided a deep threat, catching a combined total of 69 passes for 1,327 yards and 10 touchdowns
Super Bowl VI
–
Super Bowl VI
32.
Vladimir Putin
–
Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin is a Russian politician. Putin is the current President of the Russian Federation, holding the office since 7 May 2012 and he was Prime Minister from 1999 to 2000, President from 2000 to 2008, and again Prime Minister from 2008 to 2012. During his second term as Prime Minister, he was the Chairman of the ruling United Russia Party, born in Leningrad, Putin studied German in high school and speaks the language fluently. He studied Law at the Saint Petersburg State University, graduating in 1975, Putin was a KGB Foreign Intelligence Officer for 16 years, rising to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel before retiring in 1991 to enter politics in Saint Petersburg. He moved to Moscow in 1996 and joined President Boris Yeltsins administration, rising quickly through the ranks and becoming Acting President on 31 December 1999, when Yeltsin resigned. Putin won the subsequent 2000 Presidential election by a 53% to 30% margin, thus avoiding a runoff with his Communist Party of the Russian Federation opponent and he was re-elected President in 2004 with 72% of the vote. During Putins first presidency, the Russian economy grew for eight straight years, the growth was a result of the 2000s commodities boom, high oil prices, and prudent economic and fiscal policies. Because of constitutionally mandated term limits, Putin was ineligible to run for a third presidential term in 2008. The 2008 Presidential election was won by Dmitry Medvedev, who appointed Putin Prime Minister, in September 2011, after presidential terms were extended from four to six years, Putin announced he would seek a third term as president. He won the March 2012 Presidential election with 64% of the vote, Putin has enjoyed high domestic approval ratings during his career, and received extensive international attention as one of the worlds most powerful leaders. In 2007, he was the Time Person of the Year, in 2015, he was #1 on the Times Most Influential People List. Forbes ranked him the Worlds Most Powerful Individual every year from 2013 to 2016, Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin was born on 7 October 1952 in Leningrad, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union, the youngest of three children of Vladimir Spiridonovich Putin and Maria Ivanovna Putina. His birth was preceded by the death of two brothers, Viktor and Albert, born in the mid-1930s, Albert died in infancy and Viktor died of diphtheria during the Siege of Leningrad. Putins mother was a worker and his father was a conscript in the Soviet Navy. Early in World War II, his father served in the battalion of the NKVD. Later, he was transferred to the army and was severely wounded in 1942. On 1 September 1960, Putin started at School No.193 at Baskov Lane and he was one of a few in the class of approximately 45 pupils who was not yet a member of the Young Pioneer organization. At age 12, he began to practice sambo and judo and he wished to emulate the intelligence officers portrayed in Soviet cinema
Vladimir Putin
–
Vladimir Putin Владимир Путин
Vladimir Putin
–
Putin's father, Vladimir Spiridonovich Putin
Vladimir Putin
–
Maria Ivanovna Shelomova, the mother of Vladimir Putin.
Vladimir Putin
–
Putin with his mother, Maria Ivanovna, in July 1958
33.
Mutual Broadcasting System
–
The Mutual Broadcasting System was an American radio network in operation from 1934 to 1999. In the golden age of U. S. radio drama, Mutual was best known as the network home of The Lone Ranger and The Adventures of Superman. For many years, it was a broadcaster for Major League Baseball, the National Football League. From the mid-1930s and for decades after, Mutual ran a highly respected news service accompanied by a variety of popular commentary shows, during the 1970s, Mutual pioneered the nationwide late night call-in radio show and introduced the country to Larry King. Of the four networks of American radios classic era, Mutual had for decades the largest number of affiliates. For the first 18 years of its existence, Mutual was owned and operated as a cooperative, Mutuals member stations shared their own original programming, transmission and promotion expenses, and advertising revenues. From December 30,1936, when it debuted in the West and its business structure would change after General Tire assumed majority ownership in 1952 through a series of regional and individual station acquisitions. Not long after the sale, one of the new executive teams was charged with accepting money to use Mutual as a vehicle for foreign propaganda. The networks reputation was damaged, but soon rebounded. Attempts at establishing cooperatively owned radio networks had been made since the 1920s, in 1929, a group of four radio stations in the major markets of New York City, Chicago, Cincinnati, and Detroit organized into a loose confederation known as the Quality Network. Five years later, a similar or identical group of stations founded the Mutual Broadcasting System, Mutuals original participating stations were WOR–Newark, New Jersey, just outside New York, WGN–Chicago, WXYZ–Detroit, and WLW–Cincinnati. WOR and WGN, based in the two largest markets and providing the bulk of the programming, were the leaders of the group. On October 29,1934, Mutual Broadcasting System, Inc. was incorporated, with Bamberger, in contrast, the Mutual Broadcasting System was run as a true cooperative venture, with programming produced by and shared between the groups members. The majority of the programming, from WOR and WGN, consisted of musical features. WOR had The Witchs Tale, an anthology series whose hunner-an-thirteen-year-old narrator invited listeners to douse all lights. Now draw up to the fire an gaze into the embers. gaaaaze into em deep, an soon yell be across the seas, in th jungle land of Africa. Hear that chantin and them savage drums, WGN contributed the popular comedy series Lum and Abner. Detroits WXYZ provided The Lone Ranger, which had debuted in 1933 and was already in demand and it is often claimed that Mutual was launched primarily as a vehicle for the Western serial, but Lum and Abner was no less popular at the time
Mutual Broadcasting System
–
Lum and Abner, the latter of whom is seen in this advertisement reaching for a can of
Horlick's. The malted milk maker sponsored the show during its entire run on Mutual. It left Mutual for
NBC Blue after August 1935.
Mutual Broadcasting System
Mutual Broadcasting System
–
Orson Welles as
The Shadow. A predecessor in the role delivered the show's intro, with its famous catchphrase, "Who knows what evil lurks in the hearts of men? The Shadow knows...." According to historian Frank Brady, Welles's "voice as the 'invisible' Shadow was perfect." The intro, however, also called for a sinister chuckle; Welles's effort "seemed more an adolescent giggle than a terrifying threat."
Mutual Broadcasting System
–
Mutual featured a variety of political voices, but none for so long as that of conservative commentator
Fulton Lewis Jr. Many later pundits "copied his style—mocking, ridiculing, full of denials, full of sweeping generalizations, and full of inside-dopesterism." WKIC was Mutual's affiliate in
Hazard, Kentucky.
34.
John Nebel
–
Long John Nebel was an influential New York City talk radio show host. Nebel was born in Chicago, Illinois, United States and he dropped out of school after the eighth grade, but he was an avid reader throughout his life, and he was conversant on many topics. Rumor had it that he was the son of a physician and ran away with a circus as a youngster, according to his own account in The Way Out World, Nebel moved to New York City around 1930, at the age of 19. His first job there was usher in the New York Paramount Theater, Nebel pursued a number of careers in his young adulthood before establishing the successful Long Johns Auctions, an auction and consignment store in New Jersey. At his auction barn in New Jersey, he was billed as Long John, the gab and gavel man, the nickname Long John Nebel had several sources, Long John was a nickname for his tall, slender build. Nebel did not seek a career in radio until around 1954, in 1972, Nebel married the former pin-up model Candy Jones, who became the co-host of his show. Her controversial claims of having been a victim of CIA mind-control influenced the direction of the program during its last six years on the air, in the mid-1950s, radio throughout the United States was floundering and trying to redefine itself after the explosive popularity of television. Over several years, Nebel had become friends with people at various New York radio stations when he bought commercial time to advertise his auction house. WOR, one of New Yorks leading stations, faced poor ratings in 1954 when Nebel proposed an interview show, the format, as Donald Bain writes, would be devoted to discussing strange and unexplained topics. WORs management was not especially impressed by Nebels idea, however, deciding they had little to lose, WOR offered him a midnight to 5,30 am time slot, the poorest-rated hours. Building on the modest fame of his house, he used the same name, Long John. To the surprise of WORs management, Nebels show was a success among New Yorks night-owls. Unidentified flying objects were discussed almost daily, alongside such as voodoo, witchcraft, parapsychology, hypnotism, conspiracy theories. Perhaps fittingly for a show, one of Nebels sponsors was No-Doz caffeine pills. Within a few months Nebel was getting not only high ratings, Bain notes that some listeners were put off by his grating, often vicious manner, but many more adored him because of his abrasive style. Keith writes, Though Nebel could be brusque and even imperious in the phone, he was always a sympathetic listener, WOR was worried about some of Nebels guests or callers uttering a swear word on the air. Nebel used one of the first tape delay systems in radio, in 1956, engineer Russell Tinklepaugh invented the system Nebel used. He built a modified Ampex 300 tape deck with a set of heads
John Nebel
–
Long John Nebel
35.
Open Phone America
–
The Larry King Show was a radio talk show hosted by Larry King which aired on the Mutual Broadcasting System from 1978 to 1994. A typical show consisted of King interviewing a guest, then taking phone calls from listeners for the guest, in 1982 the show won a Peabody Award. One reason King got the Mutual job is that he had once been an announcer at WGMA-AM in Hollywood, Florida, Little went on to become president of Mutual and he hired King as Nebels replacement. Kings Mutual show debuted in Miami on January 30,1978, the show soon moved to Mutuals studios near Washington, D. C. and it developed a devoted audience. Mutual broadcast the show live Monday through Friday from midnight to 5,30 a. m, King would interview a guest for the first 60 minutes, with callers asking questions that continued the interview for another 2 hours. When he interviewed authors, King said that he would not read their book in advance, King said The less I know, the better I feel about a person or book. King recalled that due to the number of calls coming in on the days of the show there was more than one occasion when 703 blew. King said that they wanted a toll-free phone number for call-in. When he did this show, King said that doing a show meant that his work came at the end of his day. The show was successful, starting with relatively few affiliates and eventually growing to more than 500, once King started doing Larry King Live for CNN, he would do both shows in an evening. C-SPAN would annually record, and then repeatedly show, a show on cable TV. Some years, C-SPAN would simulcast the broadcast, so that TV viewers could see the show live, King would allow callers to discuss any topic they pleased with him, until the end of the program, when he expressed his own political opinions. That segment was called Open Phone America, many stations in the western time zones would carry Open Phone America live, followed by the guest interview on tape delay. Thus listeners from across the country could call into Open Phone America, callers to the show would be told to call the number and If it rings, let it ring. Well answer when its your turn, mr. Radio made over 200 calls to King during Open Phone America. King would occasionally entertain the audience by telling amusing anecdotes from his youth and early career in radio, such as a story about him and his friends faking the death of a schoolmate. The show also featured a fictional alien, Gork of the planet Fringus. Larrys primary guest host had been Jim Bohannon, who began hosting his own Saturday evening call-in show in the mid 1980s
Open Phone America
–
King interviewing
Vladimir Putin
36.
David Brenner
–
David Norris Brenner was an American stand-up comedian, actor and author. The most frequent guest on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson in the 1970s and 1980s, Brenner was born to Jewish parents in 1936 and raised in poor areas of South and West Philadelphia. After high school, Brenner spent two years in the U. S. Army, serving in the 101st Airborne and as a cryptographer of the 595th Signal Corps in Böblingen, Germany. After being discharged, he attended Temple University, where he majored in mass communication and his first paid gig was at The Improv in June 1969, and following that he frequently performed at clubs in Greenwich Village. After making his television debut in 1971, on The Tonight Show, he became the shows most frequent guest. He guest-hosted for Johnny Carson 75 times between 1975 and 1984, placing him fifth on the list of Carsons most frequent guest hosts, Brenner was ranked No.53 on Comedy Central Presents,100 Greatest Stand-Ups of All Time. At one point, he had appeared more often on major TV talk shows than any other entertainer and he also wrote five books, and starred in four HBO Specials. Brenner was the star of the 1976 TV series Snip, which was inspired by the film Shampoo and set in a hair dressing salon. The situation comedy was cancelled by NBC before it aired due to its inclusion in the supporting cast of what would have one of the first gay characters in an American situation comedy. He also played a charity ball auctioneer in the 1989 romantic comedy Worth Winning, in 1986, King World Entertainment gave Brenner his own 30-minute syndicated late-night talk show, Nightlife, in an attempt to compete with Carson, but it was cancelled after one season. The show premiered September 8,1986, on 102 stations and was touted as alternative, filmed in Manhattan and featuring a casually dressed Brenner, it was unique among the late night talk genre for not having a monologue. It gave some comedians, such as Bobby Slayton, their national television premieres, in later years he appeared on both MSNBC and Fox News Channel shows commenting on current events. The Broadcast Pioneers of Philadelphia named Brenner their Person of the Year in 1984, from 1994 to 1996, Brenner hosted a talk-radio program, taking over the timeslot of the long-running Larry King Show on the Mutual Broadcasting System. He had earlier hosted a weekly radio show, David Brenner Live. His friend, comedian Richard Lewis, described Brenner as the king of hip, Brenner had three children—Cole, Slade and Wyatt. He and the mother of Cole, his first son, fought a battle for several years. Brenner finally won custody in 1992. Brenner married Elizabeth Slater of New York, the mother of his sons Slade and Wyatt, in the minutes of his David Brenner
David Brenner
–
Brenner in 1976
37.
The Pentagon
–
The Pentagon is the headquarters of the United States Department of Defense, located in Arlington County, Virginia, across the Potomac River from Washington, D. C. As a symbol of the U. S. military, The Pentagon is often used metonymically to refer to the U. S. Department of Defense, the Pentagon was designed by American architect George Bergstrom, and built by general contractor John McShain of Philadelphia. Ground was broken for construction on September 11,1941, General Brehon Somervell provided the major motive power behind the project, Colonel Leslie Groves was responsible for overseeing the project for the U. S. Army. The Pentagon is one of the worlds largest office buildings, with about 6,500,000 sq ft, approximately 23,000 military and civilian employees and about 3,000 non-defense support personnel work in the Pentagon. It has five sides, five floors above ground, two basement levels, and five ring corridors per floor with a total of 17.5 mi of corridors. It was the first significant foreign attack on Washingtons governmental facilities since the city was burned by the British, when World War II broke out in Europe, the War Department rapidly expanded in anticipation that the United States would be drawn into the conflict. Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson found the situation unacceptable, with the Munitions Building overcrowded, Stimson told U. S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt in May 1941 that the War Department needed additional space. On July 17,1941, a hearing took place, organized by Virginia congressman Clifton Woodrum. Reybold agreed to back to the congressman within five days. The War Department called upon its construction chief, General Brehon Somervell, Government officials agreed that the War Department building, officially designated Federal Office Building No 1, should be constructed across the Potomac River, in Arlington County, Virginia. Requirements for the new building were that it be no more than four stories tall, the requirements meant that, instead of rising vertically, the building would be sprawling over a large area. Possible sites for the building included the Department of Agricultures Arlington Experimental Farm, adjacent to Arlington National Cemetery, the site originally chosen was Arlington Farms which had a roughly pentagonal shape, so the building was planned accordingly as an irregular pentagon. Concerned that the new building could obstruct the view of Washington, D. C. from Arlington Cemetery, the building retained its pentagonal layout because a major redesign at that stage would have been costly, and Roosevelt liked the design. Freed of the constraints of the asymmetric Arlington Farms site, it was modified into a pentagon which resembled the star forts of the gunpowder age. While the project went through the process in late July 1941, Somervell selected the contractors, including John McShain, Inc. and Doyle and Russell. In addition to the Hoover Airport site and other government-owned land, construction of the Pentagon required an additional 287 acres, which were acquired at a cost of $2.2 million. The Hells Bottom neighborhood, a slum with numerous pawnshops, factories, approximately 150 homes, Later 300 acres of land were transferred to Arlington National Cemetery and to Fort Myer, leaving 280 acres for the Pentagon. Contracts totaling $31,100,000 were finalized with McShain and the contractors on September 11
The Pentagon
–
The Pentagon in January 2008
The Pentagon
–
1945 map of the
Pentagon road network, including present-day
State Route 27 and part of the
Shirley Highway, as well as the
Main Navy and Munitions Buildings near the
Lincoln Memorial.
The Pentagon
–
Main Navy Building (foreground) and the
Munitions Building were temporary structures built during
World War I on the
National Mall. The Munitions Building served as the Department of War headquarters for several years before moving into the Pentagon.
The Pentagon
–
Southwest view of the Pentagon with the
Potomac River and
Washington Monument in background (1998).
38.
Arlington, Virginia
–
Arlington County is a county in the Commonwealth of Virginia. It is coterminous with the U. S. Census Bureau-census-designated place of Arlington, as a result, the county is often referred to in the region simply as Arlington or Arlington, Virginia. In 2015, the population was estimated at 229,164. The land that became Arlington was originally donated by Virginia to the United States government to form part of the new federal district of Columbia. In 1846, Congress returned the land southwest of the Potomac River donated by Virginia due to issues involving Congressional representation, the General Assembly of Virginia changed the countys name to Arlington in 1920 to avoid confusion with the adjacent City of Alexandria. The county is situated in Northern Virginia on the bank of the Potomac River directly across from Washington. Arlington is also bordered by Fairfax County and City of Falls Church to the northwest, west and southwest, as of the 2010 census, the population was 207,627. Due to the proximity to downtown Washington, D. C. It is also home to Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport, the many federal agencies, government contractors, and service industries contribute to Arlingtons stable economy. It is the county in the United States by median family income. According to a 2016 study by Bankrate. com, Arlington is the best place to retire, the area that now constitutes Arlington County was originally part of Fairfax County in the Colony of Virginia. Land grants from the British monarch were awarded to prominent Englishmen in exchange for political favors, one of the grantees was Thomas Fairfax, 6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron, who lends his name to both Fairfax County and the City of Fairfax. George Washington Parke Custis, grandson of First Lady Martha Washington, the estate was eventually passed down to Mary Anna Custis Lee, wife of General Robert E. Lee. The property later became Arlington National Cemetery during the American Civil War, the area that now contains Arlington County was ceded to the new United States federal government by the Commonwealth of Virginia. With the passage of the Residence Act in 1790, Congress approved a new permanent capital to be located on the Potomac River, the Residence Act originally only allowed the President to select a location within Maryland as far east as what is now the Anacostia River. However, President Washington shifted the federal territorys borders to the southeast in order to include the city of Alexandria at the Districts southern tip. In 1791, Congress amended the Residence Act to approve the new site, however, this amendment to the Residence Act specifically prohibited the erection of the public buildings otherwise than on the Maryland side of the River Potomac. As permitted by the U. S. Constitution, the shape of the federal district was a square, measuring 10 miles on each side
Arlington, Virginia
–
The skylines of Arlington's
Courthouse and
Rosslyn neighborhoods, with the
Georgetown and
Downtown neighborhoods of
Washington, D.C. immediately past them. The county accounts for most of Virginia's border with the District.
Arlington, Virginia
–
1878 map of Alexandria County, now Arlington County
Arlington, Virginia
–
Arlington National Cemetery sits on land confiscated from Confederate General
Robert E. Lee.
Arlington, Virginia
–
The façade of
Arlington House appears on Arlington's seal, flag, and logo.
39.
Psychic
–
A psychic is a person who claims to use extrasensory perception to identify information hidden from the normal senses. The word psychic is used as an adjective to describe such abilities. Psychics may be theatrical performers, such as magicians, who use techniques such as prestidigitation, cold reading. Psychics appear regularly in fantasy fiction, such as in the novel The Dead Zone by Stephen King, a large industry and network exists whereby psychics provide advice and counsel to clients. Some famous psychics include Edgar Cayce, Ingo Swann, Peter Hurkos, Jose Ortiz El Samaritano, Miss Cleo, John Edward, psychic powers are asserted by psychic detectives and in practices such as psychic archaeology and even psychic surgery. Critics attribute psychic powers to intentional trickery or to self-delusion, a study attempted to repeat recently reported parapsychological experiments that appeared to support the existence of precognition. It is also used in science-fiction. The word psychic is derived from the Greek word psychikos, the Greek word also means soul. In Greek mythology, the maiden Psyche was the deification of the human soul, the word derivation of the Latin psȳchē is from the Greek psȳchḗ, literally breath, derivative of psȳ́chein, to breathe or to blow. French astronomer and spiritualist Camille Flammarion is credited as having first used the word psychic, elaborate systems of divination and fortune-telling date back to ancient times. Some fortune-tellers were said to be able to make predictions without the use of these elaborate systems and these people were known as seers or prophets, and in later times as clairvoyants and psychics. Seers formed a functionary role in civilization, often serving as advisors, priests. A number of examples are included in biblical accounts, the book of 1 Samuel illustrates one such functionary task when Samuel is asked to find the donkeys of the future king Saul. The role of prophet appeared perennially in ancient cultures, in Egypt, the priests of the sun deity Ra at Memphis acted as seers. In ancient Assyria seers were referred to as nabu, meaning to call or announce, the Delphic Oracle is one of the earliest stories in classical antiquity of prophetic abilities. The Pythia, the priestess presiding over the Oracle of Apollo at Delphi, was believed to be able to deliver prophecies inspired by Apollo during rituals beginning in the 8th century BC. Other scholars believe records from the time indicate that the Pythia spoke intelligibly, the Pythia was a position served by a succession of women probably selected from amongst a guild of priestesses of the temple. The last recorded response was given in 393 AD, when the emperor Theodosius I ordered pagan temples to cease operation, recent geological investigations raise the possibility that ethylene gas caused the Pythias state of inspiration
Psychic
–
Storefront psychic
fortuneteller in
Boston
Psychic
–
Edgar Cayce (1877–1945) was a psychic of the 20th century and made many highly publicized predictions. [
citation needed]
Psychic
–
Participant of a
Ganzfeld Experiment whose results have been criticized as being misinterpreted as evidence for
telepathy.
40.
Mutual Radio
–
The Mutual Broadcasting System was an American radio network in operation from 1934 to 1999. In the golden age of U. S. radio drama, Mutual was best known as the network home of The Lone Ranger and The Adventures of Superman. For many years, it was a broadcaster for Major League Baseball, the National Football League. From the mid-1930s and for decades after, Mutual ran a highly respected news service accompanied by a variety of popular commentary shows, during the 1970s, Mutual pioneered the nationwide late night call-in radio show and introduced the country to Larry King. Of the four networks of American radios classic era, Mutual had for decades the largest number of affiliates. For the first 18 years of its existence, Mutual was owned and operated as a cooperative, Mutuals member stations shared their own original programming, transmission and promotion expenses, and advertising revenues. From December 30,1936, when it debuted in the West and its business structure would change after General Tire assumed majority ownership in 1952 through a series of regional and individual station acquisitions. Not long after the sale, one of the new executive teams was charged with accepting money to use Mutual as a vehicle for foreign propaganda. The networks reputation was damaged, but soon rebounded. Attempts at establishing cooperatively owned radio networks had been made since the 1920s, in 1929, a group of four radio stations in the major markets of New York City, Chicago, Cincinnati, and Detroit organized into a loose confederation known as the Quality Network. Five years later, a similar or identical group of stations founded the Mutual Broadcasting System, Mutuals original participating stations were WOR–Newark, New Jersey, just outside New York, WGN–Chicago, WXYZ–Detroit, and WLW–Cincinnati. WOR and WGN, based in the two largest markets and providing the bulk of the programming, were the leaders of the group. On October 29,1934, Mutual Broadcasting System, Inc. was incorporated, with Bamberger, in contrast, the Mutual Broadcasting System was run as a true cooperative venture, with programming produced by and shared between the groups members. The majority of the programming, from WOR and WGN, consisted of musical features. WOR had The Witchs Tale, an anthology series whose hunner-an-thirteen-year-old narrator invited listeners to douse all lights. Now draw up to the fire an gaze into the embers. gaaaaze into em deep, an soon yell be across the seas, in th jungle land of Africa. Hear that chantin and them savage drums, WGN contributed the popular comedy series Lum and Abner. Detroits WXYZ provided The Lone Ranger, which had debuted in 1933 and was already in demand and it is often claimed that Mutual was launched primarily as a vehicle for the Western serial, but Lum and Abner was no less popular at the time
Mutual Radio
–
Lum and Abner, the latter of whom is seen in this advertisement reaching for a can of
Horlick's. The malted milk maker sponsored the show during its entire run on Mutual. It left Mutual for
NBC Blue after August 1935.
Mutual Radio
Mutual Radio
–
Orson Welles as
The Shadow. A predecessor in the role delivered the show's intro, with its famous catchphrase, "Who knows what evil lurks in the hearts of men? The Shadow knows...." According to historian Frank Brady, Welles's "voice as the 'invisible' Shadow was perfect." The intro, however, also called for a sinister chuckle; Welles's effort "seemed more an adolescent giggle than a terrifying threat."
Mutual Radio
–
Mutual featured a variety of political voices, but none for so long as that of conservative commentator
Fulton Lewis Jr. Many later pundits "copied his style—mocking, ridiculing, full of denials, full of sweeping generalizations, and full of inside-dopesterism." WKIC was Mutual's affiliate in
Hazard, Kentucky.
41.
USA Today
–
USA Today is an internationally distributed American daily middle-market newspaper that serves as the flagship publication of its owner, the Gannett Company. Founded by Al Neuharth on September 15,1982, it operates from Gannetts corporate headquarters on Jones Branch Drive in McLean, Virginia and it is printed at 37 sites across the United States and at five additional sites internationally. USA Today is distributed in all 50 states, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico, with an international edition distributed in Canada, Asia and the Pacific Islands, Gannett formally announced the launch of the paper on April 20,1982. USA Today began publishing on September 15,1982, initially launching in the Baltimore and Washington, on July 2,1984, the newspaper switched from a largely black-and-white to a color publication, featuring full color photography and graphics in all four sections. On April 8,1985, the paper published its first special bonus section, a 12-page section called Baseball 85, on May 6,1986, USA Today began printing production of its international edition in Switzerland. On April 15, USA Today launched an international printing site. On August 28,1995, an international publishing site was launched in Frankfurt, Germany, to print. On October 4,1999, USA Today began running advertisements on its front page for the first time. The paper launched a sixth printing site for its international edition on May 15,2000, in Milan, Italy, followed on July 10 by the launch of a printing facility in Charleroi. That November, USA Today migrated its operations from Gannetts previous corporate headquarters in Arlington, in 2010, USA Today launched the USA Today API for sharing data with partners of all types. On August 27,2010, USA Today announced that it would undergo a reorganization of its newsroom and it also announced that the paper would shift its focus away from print and place more emphasis on its digital platforms and launch of a new publication called USA Today Sports. On September 14,2012, USA Today underwent the first major redesign in its history, to accomplish this goal, Gannett migrated its newspaper and television station websites to the Presto platform and the USA Today site design throughout 2013 and 2014. On January 4,2014, USA Today acquired the book and film review website, on September 3,2014, USA Today announced that it would lay off roughly 70 employees in a restructuring of its newsroom and business operations. In October 2014, USA Today and OpenWager Inc. entered into a partnership to release a Bingo app called USA TODAY Bingo Cruise, USA Today is known for synthesizing news down to easy-to-read-and-comprehend stories. In the main edition circulated in the United States and some Canadian cities, each consists of four sections, News, Money, Sports. The international edition of the paper features two sections, News and Money in one, with Sports and Life in the other, atypical of most daily newspapers, the paper does not print on Saturdays and Sundays, the Friday edition serves as the weekend edition. USA Today prints each complete story on the front page of the section with the exception of the cover story. The cover story is a story that requires a jump
USA Today
–
The April 14, 2015 front page of USA Today. The blue circle of the logo has been turned into a dotted ring with a hat being tossed into it to signify
Marco Rubio's announcement that he is running for
President of the United States.
USA Today
–
USA Today
USA Today
–
This February 5, 2009 issue of USA Today shows the old layout and logo of the paper prior to it being redesigned in 2012.
USA Today
–
USA Today is headquartered in
Tysons Corner, Virginia.
42.
Twitter
–
Twitter is an online news and social networking service where users post and interact with messages, tweets, restricted to 140 characters. Registered users can post tweets, but those who are unregistered can only read them, users access Twitter through its website interface, SMS or a mobile device app. Twitter Inc. is based in San Francisco, California, United States, Twitter was created in March 2006 by Jack Dorsey, Noah Glass, Biz Stone, and Evan Williams and launched in July. The service rapidly gained worldwide popularity, in 2012, more than 100 million users posted 340 million tweets a day, and the service handled an average of 1.6 billion search queries per day. In 2013, it was one of the ten most-visited websites and has described as the SMS of the Internet. As of 2016, Twitter had more than 319 million monthly active users. On the day of the 2016 U. S. presidential election, Twitter proved to be the largest source of breaking news, Twitters origins lie in a daylong brainstorming session held by board members of the podcasting company Odeo. Jack Dorsey, then a student at New York University. The original project name for the service was twttr, an idea that Williams later ascribed to Noah Glass, inspired by Flickr. The developers initially considered 10958 as a code, but later changed it to 40404 for ease of use. Work on the project started on March 21,2006, when Dorsey published the first Twitter message at 9,50 PM Pacific Standard Time, Dorsey has explained the origin of the Twitter title. we came across the word twitter, and it was just perfect. The definition was a short burst of inconsequential information, and chirps from birds, and thats exactly what the product was. The first Twitter prototype, developed by Dorsey and contractor Florian Weber, was used as a service for Odeo employees. Williams fired Glass, who was silent about his part in Twitters startup until 2011, Twitter spun off into its own company in April 2007. Williams provided insight into the ambiguity that defined this early period in a 2013 interview, With Twitter and they called it a social network, they called it microblogging, but it was hard to define, because it didnt replace anything. There was this path of discovery with something like that, where over time you figure out what it is, Twitter actually changed from what we thought it was in the beginning, which we described as status updates and a social utility. It is that, in part, but the insight we eventually came to was Twitter was really more of an information network than it is a social network, the tipping point for Twitters popularity was the 2007 South by Southwest Interactive conference. During the event, Twitter usage increased from 20,000 tweets per day to 60,000, the Twitter people cleverly placed two 60-inch plasma screens in the conference hallways, exclusively streaming Twitter messages, remarked Newsweeks Steven Levy
Twitter
–
A blueprint sketch, c. 2006, by
Jack Dorsey, envisioning an
SMS -based
social network.
Twitter
–
Twitter's homepage as of August 2015 (only in select countries)
Twitter
–
Jack Dorsey, a co-founder and the chairman of Twitter, in 2009
Twitter
–
Twitter's San Francisco, California headquarters, as seen from a corner on Market Street
43.
Piers Morgan
–
Morgan is the editorial director of First News, a national newspaper for children published in the UK. He hosted Piers Morgan Live on CNN from 2011 to 2014, Morgan is a former judge on Americas Got Talent and Britains Got Talent. In 2008, he won the 7th season of the US Celebrity Apprentice, in the UK, he presents Piers Morgans Life Stories and Good Morning Britain. Morgan began his career in Fleet Street as a writer and editor for several British tabloids, including The Sun, News of the World and the Daily Mirror. In 1994, aged 29, he was appointed editor of the News of the World by Rupert Murdoch, which made him the youngest editor of a national UK newspaper in more than half a century. That he was aware that it was taking place in the press as a whole, Morgan has written eight books, including four volumes of memoirs. Piers Morgan was born Piers Stefan OMeara on 30 March 1965 in Newick, Sussex, England, to Vincent Eamonn OMeara, an Irish-born dentist, originally from County Offaly and he took his stepfathers surname and became known as Piers Stefan Pughe-Morgan. Morgan studied journalism at Harlow College, after a brief career at Lloyds of London, he joined the Surrey and South London Newspaper Group in 1985, where he worked as a reporter on the South London News, and the Streatham and Tooting News. Morgan was recruited to join The Sun, to work on the Bizarre column, Morgans first high-profile post in the British media was as the main writer of Bizarre, The Suns show business column, while the newspaper was being edited by Kelvin MacKenzie. In 1994, aged 29, he was appointed editor of the News of the World by Rupert Murdoch, Morgan left this post in 1995 shortly after publishing photographs of Catherine Victoria Lockwood, then wife of Charles, Earl Spencer, leaving an addictive disorders clinic in Surrey. This action ran against the code of conduct, a misdemeanour for which the Press Complaints Commission upheld a complaint against Morgan. Murdoch was reported as having said that the boy went too far, fearful of a privacy law action if he had not criticised one of his employees, Murdoch is said to have apologised to Morgan in private. The incident was reported to have contributed to Morgans decision to leave for the Daily Mirror editorship, as editor of the Daily Mirror, in 1996 Morgan was forced to apologise on television for the headline Achtung Surrender. For You Fritz Ze Euro Championship Is Over on 25 June 1996, a £16 million package of investment in the title was rolled out from January, including the dropping of Daily from the masthead in February, which was later reversed. Roy Greenslade wrote in August 1999 that Morgans editorship has made a difference, his enormous enthusiasm, determination. Morgan was found by the Press Complaints Commission to have breached the Code of Conduct on financial journalism, the City Slickers columnists, Anil Bhoyrul and James Hipwell, were both found to have committed further breaches of the Code and were sacked before the inquiry concluded. Further enquiry by the Department of Trade and Industry in 2004 cleared Morgan of any charges, on 7 December 2005, Bhoyrul and Hipwell were convicted of conspiracy to breach the Financial Services Act. During the trial it emerged that Morgan had bought £67,000 worth of Viglen shares, emptying his bank account and investing under his wifes name, the Mirror attempted to move mid-market in 2002, claiming to eschew the more trivial stories of show-business and gossip
Piers Morgan
–
Piers Morgan at the
PaleyFest 2013 panel for
The Newsroom
44.
Ora TV
–
Ora has production offices and studios in New York City and Los Angeles. Ora TV was founded by Larry King and Carlos Slim in 2012 as an outlet to produce a new show for Larry King after leaving CNN, Larry King Now was launched as Oras first show in July 2012 and aired both on Ora TV and Hulu. In 2014, Larry King Now episode Head Trauma in the NFL was nominated for a News and Documentary Emmy Award in the Outstanding News Discussion, in April 2013, Ora TV acquired Stick Figure Studios, an Emmy award-winning documentary and reality series production company based in New York. Stick Figure is the producer of Catching Hell, a spearfishing docu-drama that aired on The Weather Channel in the summer of 2014, on June 30,2015, Ora TV severed ties with American real estate tycoon Donald Trump. Arturo Elías Ayub, Slim’s son-in-law and chairman of Ora TV, called his remarks about undocumented immigrants racist, an Episode of Politicking which aired on September 8,2016 and featured 2016 presidential candidate Donald Trump was the spark of a controversy. Numerous media outlets reported the interview was done by Russian state owned, Kremlin-backed television, Ora TV released a statement clarifying that the content is licensed to RT America but produced independently from the network
Ora TV
–
Ora TV
45.
Carlos Slim
–
Carlos Slim Helú is a Mexican business magnate, investor, and philanthropist. From 2010 to 2013, Slim was ranked as the richest person in the world and he derived his fortune from his extensive holdings in a considerable number of Mexican companies through his conglomerate, Grupo Carso. As of 31 July 2016 he was #7 on Forbes listing of The Worlds Billionaires with a net worth estimated at more than $50 billion. He accounts for 40% of the listings on the Mexican Stock Exchange, Slim was born on January 28,1940, in Mexico City, to Julián Slim Haddad and Linda Helú Atta, both Maronite Catholics of Lebanese descent. Slim always knew he wanted to be a businessman, and he began to develop his business, at the age of 11, Carlos invested in a government savings bond that taught him about the concept of compound interest. He eventually saved every financial and business transaction he made into a ledger book which he keeps to this day. At the age of 12, he made his first stock purchase, by the age of 15, Slim had become a shareholder in Mexico’s largest bank. At the age of 17, he earned 200 pesos a week working for his fathers company and he went on to study civil engineering at the National Autonomous University of Mexico, where he also concurrently taught algebra and linear programming. Though Slim was an engineering major because of his fascination with numbers. He took economics courses in Chile once he finished his engineering degree, after graduating from college in 1961, Slim began his career as a stock trader in Mexico, often working 14-hour days. In 1965, profits from Slims private investments reached US$400,000, in addition, he also began laying the financial groundwork for Grupo Carso. In 1965 he also bought Jarritos del Sur, in 1966, worth US$40 million, he founded Inmobiliaria Carso. Companies found within the construction, soft drink, printing, real estate, by 1972, he had established or acquired a further seven businesses in these categories, including one which rented construction equipment. In 1981, Slim acquired a majority stake in Cigarros la Tabacelera Mexicana, Mexicos second largest producer and marketer of cigarettes, in 1982, the Mexican economy contracted rapidly. As many banks were struggling and foreign investors were cutting back on investing and scurrying, Slim began investing heavily, buying troubled assets at depressed prices to resell them later at an attractive price is a business strategy that Slim has executed throughout his career. Having a keen investment eye for value, Slim adhered to his value investment practices with a history of buying stakes in companies he sees as undervalued. In addition, his conglomerate structure allows Slim to purchase numerous stakes that it is made nearly recession proof if one or more sectors of the economy do not do well. From the mid 1960s to the early 1980s, Slim and his family lived a modest life, while earnings from Slims many businesses were re-invested in expansion
Carlos Slim
–
Carlos Slim, Chair of Grupo Carso, arriving in the Presidential Palace for a meeting with Brazil's President
Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva on October 24, 2007
46.
Jill Stein
–
Jill Ellen Stein is an American physician, activist, and politician. She was the Green Partys nominee for President of the United States in the 2012 and 2016 elections and she was an unsuccessful candidate for governor of Massachusetts in 2002 and 2010. Stein was born in Chicago, Illinois, the daughter of Gladys and she was raised in Highland Park, Illinois. Her parents were descended from Russian Jews, and Stein was raised in a Reform Jewish household, in 1973, Stein graduated magna cum laude from Harvard College, where she studied psychology, sociology, and anthropology. She then attended Harvard Medical School and graduated in 1979 and she also served as an instructor of medicine at Harvard Medical School. She retired from practicing and teaching medicine in 2005 and 2006, since 1998, she has served on the board of the Greater Boston chapter of Physicians for Social Responsibility. Stein also founded and served as co-chair of the Lexington Solid Waste Action Team, the committee was approved by Lexingtons Board of Selectmen and later featured in the textbook Approaches to Sustainable Development, The Public University in the Regional Economy. Other organizations Stein has worked with include Clean Water Action, Toxic Action Center, Global Climate Convergence, Physicians for a National Health Program, and Massachusetts Medical Society. As a medical doctor and researcher, Stein has published various materials and teaching plans and she coauthored two reports by the Greater Boston Physicians for Social Responsibility, In Harms Way, Toxic Threats to Child Development, and Environmental Threats to Healthy Aging. The In Harms Way report was republished in the peer-reviewed Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics in 2002, Stein also coauthored articles about health in publications such as The Huffington Post. She also lectured and gave presentations at other institutions, Stein is an advocate for campaign finance reform. In 1998, she helped campaign for the Clean Elections Law in Massachusetts, the law was later repealed by a Democratic-majority legislature, leading Stein to leave the Democratic party and join the Green Party. Stein has also served on the board of MassVoters for Fair Elections and has campaigned for implementing instant runoff voting in Massachusetts, alongside her political career, Stein also recorded musical albums with collaborator Ken Selcer in the folk-rock band Somebodys Sister. She plays the conga and djembe drums and the guitar, during the 1990s and 2000s, the duo released four studio albums, Flashpoint, Somebodys Sister, Green Sky, and Circuits To The Sun. The pair also performed at live events, such as the 2008 Green-Rainbow Convention in Leominster. The band was a semifinalist in Musicians best unsigned bands contest in 1996 and 1998, Stein is a former elected member of the Lexington Town Meeting, the local legislative body in Lexington, Massachusetts. She was elected to two terms, but resigned during her second term to run for governor. Stein was the Green-Rainbow Party candidate for governor of Massachusetts in 2002 and finished third in a field of five candidates, after her debate performances received good reviews, supporters of the Democratic nominee purchased the rights to jillstein. org
Jill Stein
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Jill Stein
Jill Stein
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Jill Stein announcing her candidacy for governor in February 2010
Jill Stein
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Jill Stein speaking at Occupy Wall Street, September 27, 2011
47.
Rocky Anderson
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Ross Carl Rocky Anderson is an American attorney and politician. He served two terms as the 33rd mayor of Salt Lake City, Utah from 2000–08 and he is the Executive Director of High Road for Human Rights. Before and after the invasion by the U. S. of Iraq in 2003, Anderson was the only mayor of a major U. S. city who advocated for the impeachment of President George W. Bush, which he did in many venues throughout the United States. It is a gutless, unprincipled party, bought and paid for by the interests that buy. Anderson announced his intention to run for president in 2012 as a candidate for the newly formed Justice Party and he announced on December 14,2012, that he will not be running for U. S. Representative in 2014, or for U. S. President again in 2016, Rocky Anderson was born in Logan, Utah, one of three children of Roy and Grace Anderson. Though Anderson is not a Mormon, he was raised as one, Anderson also expresses disagreement with what he describes as the LDS teaching of personal moral abdication through obedience to people in positions of authority. Anderson believes in the principle of conscience and individual accountability. Anderson studied ethics, political philosophy, and religious philosophy at the University of Utah and he appeared in the film,8, The Mormon Proposition. During high school, Anderson played lead guitar in a rock and roll band, the Viscounts and he also shingled roofs during his high school years. He earned a degree in philosophy, graduating magna cum laude. After reading existentialist literature and several works on ethics, religious philosophy and we cant escape responsibility, theres no sitting out moral decisions, and whenever we refuse to stand up against wrongdoing were actually supporting the status quo. After graduating from the University of Utah, Anderson worked at several jobs. He built buck fences at a ranch in Wyoming, tended bar in Salt Lake City, drove a cab, waited tables at a restaurant, worked at a clinic, typed trucking bills. In 1978 Anderson graduated, with honors, from George Washington University Law School, upon graduation, Anderson returned to Salt Lake City to practice law. S. Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit, Anderson had an extremely diverse legal practice and represented plaintiffs in dozens of major cases. He specialized in litigation in several areas of law, including antitrust, securities fraud, commercial, product liability, professional malpractice. During the case, Anderson challenged the right of confidentiality that the L. D. S Church had asserted regarding non-penitential communications by the defendant with his Mormon bishop
Rocky Anderson
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Anderson speaking at the 15th annual
Martin Luther King Jr. Commemoration.
Rocky Anderson
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Anderson addressing a
350.org gathering on
global warming awareness.
Rocky Anderson
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Rocky Anderson meets Andy Figorski, an Iraq war veteran and anti-war activist.
48.
Virgil Goode
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Virgil Hamlin Goode, Jr. is an American politician who served as a member of the United States House of Representatives from 1997 to 2009. He was initially a Democrat, but became an independent in 2000 and he represented the 5th congressional district of Virginia. He lost his seat in the 2008 election to Democrat Tom Perriello, Goode subsequently joined the Constitution Party and was the partys 2012 presidential nominee. In 2015, he officially endorsed Donald Trump for president of the United States, Goode was born in Richmond, Virginia, the son of Alice Clara and Virgil Hamlin Goode, Sr. However, he has spent most of his life in Rocky Mount, south of Roanoke. Goode graduated with a B. A. from the University of Richmond and he also is a member of Lambda Chi Alpha Fraternity and served in the Army National Guard from 1969 to 1975. Goode grew up as a Democrat and he entered politics soon after graduating from law school. At the age of 27, he won an election to the state Senate from a Southside district as an independent after the death of the multi-term Democratic incumbent. One of Goodes major campaign focuses was advocacy for the Equal Rights Amendment, soon after being elected, he joined the Democrats. Goode was very conservative even by Virginia Democratic standards of the time, as such, he wore his party ties very loosely. He supported the industry, worrying that his elderly mother would be denied the one last pleasure of smoking a cigarette on her hospital deathbed. Goode ardently defended gun rights while also enthusiastically supporting L. Douglas Wilder, at the Democratic Partys state political convention in 1985, Goode nominated Wilder for lieutenant governor. However, while governor, Wilder cracked down on gun sales in the state, after the 1995 elections resulted in a 20–20 split between Democrats and Republicans in the State Senate, Goode seriously considered voting with the Republicans on organizing the chamber. Had he done so, the State Senate would have been under Republican control for the first time since Reconstruction, Goodes actions at the time forced his party to share power with Republican lawmakers in the state legislature, which further upset the Democratic Party. Senator Harry Flood Byrd, Jr. decided to retire, Goode ran for the seat, but lost the nomination, getting just 8% of the vote. Lieutenant Governor Richard Joseph Davis won the convention with 64% of the vote, Davis lost the general election by a two-point margin. He decided to run for the U. S. Senate again in 1994, senator Chuck Robb in the Democratic primary. He angered much of the leadership of the Virginia Democratic Party during his second run, on June 14, Robb defeated Goode 58%–34%. Congressman Lewis Payne decided to retire in 1996, Goode won the Democratic nomination to succeed him and his state senate district was virtually co-extensive with the southern portion of the congressional district
Virgil Goode
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Virgil Goode
49.
Gary Johnson
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Gary Earl Johnson is an American businessman, author, and politician. He was the 29th Governor of New Mexico from 1995 to 2003 as a member of the Republican Party and he was also the Libertarian Party nominee for President of the United States in the 2012 and 2016 elections. Johnson founded one of New Mexicos largest construction companies and he entered politics for the first time by running for Governor of New Mexico in 1994 on a low-tax, anti-crime platform, promising a common sense business approach. He beat incumbent Democratic governor Bruce King by 50% to 40% and he cut the 10% annual growth in the budget, in part due to his use of the gubernatorial veto 200 times during his first six months. Johnson sought re-election in 1998, winning by 55% to 45%, in his second term, he concentrated on the issue of school voucher reforms as well as campaigning for cannabis decriminalization. Term-limited, Johnson retired from politics in 2003. In December 2011, he withdrew his candidacy for the Republican nomination and stood for the Libertarian nomination instead, Johnson received 1.3 million votes, more than all other minor candidates combined. Johnson ran again in 2016, once winning the Libertarian nomination. Johnson received 4.4 million votes, which is most for a third party candidate since 1996. Since the 2016 presidential election, Johnson has stated he not run for public office again. Johnson was born on January 1,1953, in Minot, North Dakota, the son of Lorraine B. who worked for the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and Earl W. Johnson, a public school teacher. In 1971, Johnson graduated from Sandia High School in Albuquerque, New Mexico and he attended the University of New Mexico from 1971 to 1975 and graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree in political science. While at UNM, he joined the Sigma Alpha Epsilon fraternity and it was there that he met his future wife, Denise Dee Simms. While in college, Johnson earned money as a door-to-door handyman and his success in that industry encouraged him to start his own business, Big J Enterprises, in 1976. When he started the business, which focused on mechanical contracting and his firms major break came when he received a large contract from Intels expansion in Rio Rancho, which increased Big Js revenue to $38 million. To cope with the growth of the company, Johnson enrolled in a management course at night school. He eventually grew Big J into a corporation with over 1,000 employees. By the time he sold the company in 1999, it was one of New Mexicos leading construction companies, Johnson entered politics in 1994 with the intention of running for governor and was advised by Republican Elders to run for the State Legislature instead
Gary Johnson
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Gary Johnson
Gary Johnson
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Johnson at Ron Paul's "Rally for the Republic"
Gary Johnson
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Logo of the Our America Initiative, which Johnson founded in 2009
Gary Johnson
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Johnson speaking at CPAC 2011
50.
RT (TV network)
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RT is a Russian international television network funded by the Russian government. It operates cable and satellite television channels directed to audiences outside of Russia, as well as providing Internet content in languages, including English, Spanish. RT America, and RT UK offer some locally based content for those countries, RT is a brand of TV-Novosti, an autonomous non-profit organization, founded by the Russian news agency, RIA Novosti, on 6 April 2005. RT has been described as a propaganda outlet for the Russian government. RT has also accused of spreading disinformation by news reporters. The United Kingdom media regulator, Ofcom, has repeatedly found RT to have breached rules on impartiality, the creation of RT was a part of a larger public relations effort by the Russian Government in 2005 that was intended to improve the image of Russia abroad. RT was conceived by former media minister Mikhail Lesin, and Russian president Vladimir Putins press spokesperson Aleksei Gromov and it is registered as an autonomous nonprofit organization funded by the federal budget of Russia through the Federal Agency on Press and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation. In 2005, RIA Novosti helped establish ANO TV-Novosti to serve as the parent organization for the planned channel, ANO TV-Novosti was registered on 6 April 2005. ANO TV-Novosti appointed Sergey Frolov as its CEO position, The channel was launched as Russia Today on 10 December 2005, at its launch, the channel employed 300 journalists, including approximately 70 from outside Russia. Russia Today appointed Margarita Simonyan as its editor-in-chief, who recruited foreign journalists as presenters, Simonyan stated that the channels intent was to have a professional format akin to the BBC and Euronews that would reflect Russias opinion of the world and present a more balanced picture of Russia. Simonyan, who was only 25 years old at the time of her hiring by the channel, was a former Kremlin pool reporter and had worked in journalism since she was 18. She told The New York Times that after the fall of the Soviet Union, many new young journalists were hired, in August 2007, Russia Today became the first television channel to report live from the North Pole. An RT crew participated in the Arktika 2007 Russian polar expedition, on 31 December 2007, RTs broadcasts of New Years Eve celebrations in Moscow and Saint Petersburg were broadcast in the hours prior to the New Years Eve event at New York Citys Times Square. RT drew particular attention worldwide for its coverage of the 2008 South Ossetia war, RT named Georgia as the aggressor against the separatist governments of South Ossetia and Abkhazia, which were protected by Russian troops. RT saw this as the incident that showcased its newsgathering abilities to the world, Margarita Simonyan stated, we were the only ones among the English-language media who were giving the other side of the story – the South Ossetian side of the story. In 2009, Russia Today rebranded itself to simply the RT initials, in early 2010, RT unveiled a highly controversial advertising campaign called Question More, which was created for the channel by Britain-based McCann Erickson. The ad was banned in American airports, another showed a Western soldier merging into a Taliban fighter and asks, Is terror only inflicted by terrorists. One of RTs 2010 billboard advertisements won the British Awards for National Newspaper Advertising Ad of the Month, RT is one of several international channels that have challenged the United States media, which previously dominated global news coverage
RT (TV network)
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Former
President of Russia Dmitry Medvedev visits RT offices with Editor-in-Chief Margarita Simonyan.
RT (TV network)
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RT
RT (TV network)
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Dmitry Medvedev took part in the launch of RT Documentary
RT (TV network)
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Vladimir Putin during the visit the new RT broadcasting centre
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