Leslie Cheung

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"Cheung Kwok Wing" redirects here. For the entrepreneur, see Paul Cheung Kwok Wing.

Leslie Cheung
Leslie Chung.jpg
Leslie Cheung circa 1999
Background information
Chinese name張國榮 (traditional)
Chinese name张国荣 (simplified)
PinyinZhāng Guóróng (Mandarin)
JyutpingZoeng1 Gwok3-wing4 (Cantonese)
BornCheung Fat-chung (張發宗)
(1956-09-12)12 September 1956
Kowloon, Hong Kong
Died1 April 2003(2003-04-01) (aged 46)
Mandarin Oriental Hong Kong, Central, Hong Kong
Resting placeCremated, location undisclosed
ResidenceHong Kong
EducationBachelor of Textile (dropped out in year 1)
Alma materUniversity of Leeds
Occupation
  • Singer
  • actor
  • songwriter
Years active1977–2003
Genre(s)
Instrument(s)Vocals
Label(s)
Partner(s)
ParentsCheung Wut-hoi (張活海) (father)
Poon Yuk-yiu (潘玉瑤) (mother)
Siblings10 brothers and sisters, including Ophelia Macpherson Cheung Look Ping (sister)
AncestryMeixian District, Meizhou, Guangdong
Also known asGor Gor (哥哥; meaning "Elder brother")[1][2][3]
Awards
Hong Kong Film Awards
Hong Kong Film Critics Society Awards
Golden Horse Awards
RTHK Top 10 Gold Songs Awards
Other awards
This is a Chinese name; the family name is Cheung.

Leslie Cheung Kwok-wing[4] (Chinese: 張國榮; Jyutping: Zoeng1 Gwok3-wing4; 12 September 1956 – 1 April 2003) was a Hong Kong singer and actor. He is considered "one of the founding fathers of Cantopop" for achieving huge success both in film and music.

Cheung debuted in 1977, and rose to prominence as a teen heartthrob and pop icon of Hong Kong in the 1980s, receiving numerous music awards including Most Popular Male Artist Awards at the 1988 and 1989 Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards.[5][6] In 1989, Cheung announced his retirement from the music industry as a pop singer. Returning to the music scene after a five-year hiatus, Cheung released his chart-topping comeback album Most Beloved (寵愛) which achieved a huge market success. In 1999, he won the Golden Needle Award for his outstanding achievement as a musician at the RTHK Top 10 Gold Songs Awards,[7] and his 1984 hit song Monica was voted as Hong Kong's "Song of the Century".[8] He was honoured as "Asia's Biggest Superstar" at the 2000 CCTV-MTV Music Honours.[9]

Cheung won the 1991 Hong Kong Film Award (Days of Being Wild)[10] and the 1994 Hong Kong Film Critics Society Award (Ashes of Time)[11] for best actor. He had also won the 1994 Japan Film Critics Society Award for best actor for his performance in Farewell My Concubine and ten other best actor nominations, five Golden Horse Awards, three Cannes Film Festival Awards,[12][13] an Asia Pacific Film Festival Award, and a Venice Film Festival Award.[14]

Cheung's music and films not only captured fans in Hong Kong but also other Asian areas including Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia, Mainland China, Japan and South Korea. He is the first foreign artist to hold 16 concerts in Japan, a record that has yet to be broken and also a record holder as the best-selling C-pop artist in Korea.[15]

Cheung was ranked in the 100 years of Chinese cinema.[16][17] In 2010, he was voted the third "Most Iconic Musicians of All Time" (after Michael Jackson and The Beatles).[18] CNN considered Cheung as the "Most Beautiful Man from Hong Kong Cinema" and one of "Asia's 25 Greatest Actors of All Time."[19][20]

Cheung was diagnosed with depression; he committed suicide on April 1, 2003 by jumping off the 24th floor of the Mandarin Oriental hotel in Hong Kong.

Early life and education[edit]

Cheung was born Cheung Fat-chung in Kowloon, Hong Kong, the youngest of ten children in a middle-class Hakka family. Cheung Wut-hoi (張活海), his father, was a fairly well known tailor, whose customers included American actors William Holden, Marlon Brando, and Cary Grant.[21][22][23] His parents divorced when he was quite young. While in Hong Kong, Cheung attended Rosaryhill School at Wan Chai on Hong Kong Island. At age 12, he was sent to Norwich School in England.[24] He worked as a bartender at his relatives' restaurant in Southend-on-Sea and sang during the weekends. It was around this period that he chose his name, Leslie. According to Cheung, he chose this name because "I love the film Gone with the Wind. And I like Leslie Howard."[24]

In several interviews, Cheung stated he had had a fairly unhappy childhood. "I didn't have a happy childhood. Arguments, fights and we didn't live together; I was brought up by my granny."[24] "What I would say most affected me as a child, was that my parents were not at home with me. As a young kid, one could not always understand why his parents weren't at home. This made me depressed sometimes."[25]

Cheung attended the University of Leeds where he studied textile management. He continued university through the end of his first year when his father fell ill. After his father's recovery, Cheung did not return to England to complete his studies.[22][26]

Career[edit]

Following his participation in talent competitions, Cheung signed with Polydor Records in 1977 and released his first albums, I Like Dreamin and Day Dreamin, recording the full contents of the album in English. The albums flopped as did his first Cantonese-language album, Lover's Arrow, in 1979. During one performance in 1980, Cheung was booed by the crowd and the singer briefly departed from his music career, until signing with Capital Artists in 1982 where he released his breakthrough album, Wind Blows On that year. In 1984, his song "Monica" became the best-selling single in Hong Kong history and made Cheung a music superstar. Cheung would release more successful albums, including For Your Heart Only (1985), Stand Up (1986) and Admiration (1986). Cheung left Capital Artists in 1987 and released nine more albums on the Cinepoly label.

Cheung donated profits of the 1989 album Salute to the Hong Kong Academy for Performing Arts, which was named the Leslie Cheung Memorial Scholarship after his death.[27]

Cheung's status as one of Hong Kong's biggest artists brought him in competition with fellow superstar Alan Tam (譚詠麟), leading to increasing hostility between their fans, starting a long-standing conflict that soon put heavy pressure on both singers. In 1988, Tam publicly quit all pop music award ceremonies. In 1989, Cheung announced his intention to retire from his music career as a singer. Cheung then set a record by being the first singer ever in Cantopop history to hold a retirement concert series Final Encounter of the Legend, which ran for 33 consecutive nights (he was 33 at the time) at Hong Kong Coliseum.

The turning point in Cheung's acting career came in 1986 with his starring role in John Woo's (吳宇森) A Better Tomorrow,[28] which broke Hong Kong's box office record. In the following years Cheung was praised for his performances in films which found popularity with audiences worldwide, including A Chinese Ghost Story (1987), Rouge (1987) and Wong Kar-Wai's Days of Being Wild (1991).[29]

Although Cheung quit his career as a pop singer from 1989 to 1995, he continued his music career as a songwriter. He composed more than ten songs during that time. In 1993, he won Best Original Movie Song Award from Golden Horse Film Festival for the theme song Red Cheek, White Hair to the film The Bride with White Hair (as a film score composer). In 1995, he wrote all three theme songs for the film The Phantom Lover. As for songwriting, Cheung won four nominations for Best Original Movie Song Award at the Golden Horse Film Festival and Awards and two nominations for Best Original Film Song at the Hong Kong Film Awards. In 1998, he was a member of the jury at the 48th Berlin International Film Festival.[30]

In 1995 Cheung signed a contract with Rock Records, returning to music as a singer. At the same year, he released his first post-"retirement" album, Beloved. Beloved achieved large market success with the award of IFPI Best Selling Album.[31][32]

In 2001 Cheung collaborated with William Chang, the art director of Wong Kar-Wai's Days of Being Wild (1991), to make his music video Bewildered, about the intimacy between two gay men.[33] Japanese ballet dancer Nishijima Kazuhiro played Cheung's lover in the video.[33] The music video was demonized for advocating homosexuality and was banned by TVB, but Cheung refused to edit the scenes and censor himself.[33]

Cheung's last concert tour was the Passion Tour, which took place in Hong Kong and overseas from 2000 to 2001. Cheung collaborated with fashion designer Jean Paul Gaultier, transforming Cheung "From Angel to Devil" in four costumes: the Angel, the Pretty Boy, the Latin Lover, and the Devil – denoting cross-cultural drag and focusing on Cheung's androgyny and bisexuality.[33] Although Passion Tour was acclaimed in Japan, Korea, and Canada for Cheung's glamour and dignity in using drag performance through Gaultier's costume designs, in Hong Kong it was received with disapproval.[33]

In 2011, CCTV commented the "Passion Tour" that from performance form, art concept, costume props and audience response, all represent the highest standard of Chinese concerts, no one has ever surpassed.[33]

Personal life[edit]

Cheung distinguished himself as a Canto-pop singer through embodying the politics, sexual and gender identity of a queer subject position.[33] He announced his same-sex relationship with Daffy Tong during a concert in 1997, earning him prestige in LGBT communities in China, Japan, Taiwan, and Hong Kong.[33] In a 2001 interview with Time magazine, Cheung said: "It's more appropriate to say I'm bisexual. I've had girlfriends. When I was 22 or so, I asked my girlfriend Teresa Mo (毛舜筠) to marry me.", but was unsuccessful.[34] In two interviews in 1992 and 2002, Cheung also stated that "My mind is bisexual. It's easy for me to love a woman. It's also easy for me to love a man too" and "I believe that a good actor would be androgynous, and ever changing," referencing his performance of intersexuality, androgynous dressing, and gay femininity in his music videos and films.[33]

Cheung and Ngai Sze-Pui (倪詩蓓), a Hong Kong model and actress whom he met on the set of Agency 24, were in a relationship for two years.[35]

Despite this, author Nigel Collett, who wrote a book on Cheung titled Firelight of a Different Colour: The Life and Times of Leslie Cheung Kwok-wing, concluded Cheung was gay and that the singer's struggle with his sexuality led to his depression.[36]

Cheung responded to the question regarding lover, "In terms of lover, I think I can be a better friend than a lover. Because I am a workaholic. To share my romance, that person has to compromise something." This statement was out during the interview following the release of Okinawa Rendezvous.[37]

Cheung was never married but was in a long-time relationship with childhood friend, Daffy Tong.[38]

Charity work[edit]

Cheung was a supporter of several charities concerning children's welfare. He was a patron of the Children's Cancer Foundation, a charity that provides caring service for young children with cancer and their families. Cheung donated HK$1 million (US$128,000) in 1996 and launched five sets of RED cards to help raise funds for the Children's Cancer Foundation.[39] He was the first star to launch a charity fundraiser at a concert.In 1996, he had rarely sung in public, but he sang three theme songs of his films to raise money for the elderly.[40] RED card is a charity that Cheung set up a collection booth outside the HK Coliseum in his concert in 1997. As long as donation of HK$100 or above can be obtained a set of card.Cheung said, "I will lead the way, so I donated HK$1,000,000 to Hong Kong children's cancer fund in my own name." During the concert, we collected more than HK$800,000, Cheung and his friends added more than HK$10,000 and made up a million Hong Kong dollars to donate to the cancer fund.[41]

He was also a patron of the End Child Sexual Abuse Foundation (ECSAF), founded by veteran actress Josephine Siao (蕭芳芳). "Last night, wireless for the Taiwan earthquake, ‘send warm to Taiwan’ fund-raising party, PO in front of the screen performance of fried rice fund-raising, "brother" Leslie Cheung on the stage to test food, praise good taste, impromptu donated 250,000 Hong Kong dollars to the victims of Taiwan, together with fans donations, a bowl of fried rice has raised 500,000 Hong Kong dollar." --1999[42]

Sun Entertainment opened the "star Second-hand Shop", donated by the stars of second-hand goods to open the auction, the amount of money donated to the "Sun Love Fund." Leslie Cheung has always been praised that has a very good taste， in support of charitable activities, he was the first to donate carefully selected three pieces of love to treasure for the big auction. --2000 of the Sun[43] Leslie has donated his beloved badminton racket to the commercial Taiwan "http://idclub.com celebrities" for auction, income donated to children's Cancer Fund. "--2000 of Oriental Daily[44]

In 1999 and 2000, he appeared in TVB charity shows to help raise funds for ECSAF, in which he was appointed a goodwill ambassador in 2002.[45]

Seedling protection fund large-scale charity night this year, already is scheduled for April 12, Cheung takes the lead in response to donate $100,000HKD when celebrating his birthday on the same day last year, he has told the guests that give him cash instead of birthday presents, then he donate the all the money that he receive in his birthday party to the fund. -- March 12, 2003 Oriental daily.[46]

Citizenship[edit]

He moved to Vancouver in 1990 and became a Canadian citizen by naturalisation.[47] He held Canadian citizenship.

Death and legacy[edit]

Leslie Cheung leapt from the 24th floor of the Mandarin Oriental hotel (right) located at the Central district, Hong Kong Island.
3rd anniversary of Cheung's death, in Central, Hong Kong, 2006
"Miss You Much Leslie" exhibition at Times Square (Hong Kong), April 2013

Cheung died by suicide on 1 April 2003 at 6:43 pm (HKT).[48] He leapt from the 24th floor of the Mandarin Oriental hotel, located in the Central district of Hong Kong Island.[49] He left a suicide note saying that he had been suffering from depression. He was 46 years old.[50][51][52][53][54][55]

As one of the most popular performers in Asia, Cheung's death broke the hearts of millions of his fans across Asia and shocked the Asian entertainment industry and Chinese community worldwide.[50][56][57][58][59][60] The day after Cheung's death, his partner Daffy Tong confirmed that Cheung suffered from clinical depression and had been seeing Professor Felice Lieh Mak, a famous therapist, for treatment for almost a year. He also revealed that Cheung had previously attempted suicide in November 2002.[33] Later at his funeral, Cheung's niece disclosed that her uncle had severe clinical depression and suffered much over the past year (2003).

Despite the risk of infection from SARS and the WHO's warning on traveling to Hong Kong, tens of thousands attended Cheung's memorial service, which was held for the public, on 7 April 2003, including celebrities and other fans, many from other parts of the world such as mainland China, Taiwan, Korea, Japan, Southeast Asia, the United States, and Canada. Cheung's funeral was held on 8 April 2003. For almost a month, Cheung's death dominated newspaper headlines in Hong Kong and his songs were constantly on the air. His final album, Everything Follows the Wind (一切隨風), was released three months after his death.

Cheung's suicide note (translation):

"Depression! Many thanks to all my friends. Many thanks to Professor Felice Lieh-Mak (麥列菲菲) (Cheung's last psychiatrist). This year has been so tough. I can't stand it anymore. Many thanks to Mr. Tong. Many thanks to my family. Many thanks to Sister Fei (沈殿霞). In my life I have done nothing bad. Why does it have to be like this?"

Local Hong Kong media and professionals worried that Cheung's death would infect youth who looked up to him with sexual disorientation and gay ideologies, linking gay life to violence, depression, and suicide in order to try to teach young people to fear homosexuality.[33] Many media outlets focused primarily on arguing about his gay identity instead of on his artistic achievement in film and music.[33] Before his death, Cheung mentioned in interviews that he had become depressed because of negative comments about gender-crossing in his Passion Tour concert.[33] He had planned to retire from stage performance because of the strain of being a gay artist in Hong Kong, facing stigmatization, surveillance, and marginalization.[33]

In a 2012 interview, Cheung's eldest sister, Ophelia, stated Cheung was diagnosed with clinical depression caused by a chemical imbalance in the brain.[61] She said that reporters were frequently found outside of her brother's home which hampered his ability to get to his doctor's facility. Thus, he would come over to her house to consult with his doctor. He would ask his sister, "Why am I depressed? I have money and so many people love me." He was reluctant to take medication for his depression.[62]

In 2013, Cheung's former music agent Florence Chan organised two memorial concerts entitled "Miss You Much Leslie" on 31 March and 1 April for the 10th anniversary of Cheung's death. Big names of the Hong Kong entertainment industry such as Jacky Cheung (張學友), Tony Leung Chiu-Wai (梁朝偉), Andy Hui (許志安), Leo Ku (古巨基), Chilam Cheung (張智霖), Vivian Chow (周慧敏), Kelly Chen (陳慧琳), Joey Yung (容祖兒), Grasshopper, and others performed at the concert at Hong Kong Coliseum. In addition, in 2013, Cheung's fans from around the world made 2 million orizuru cranes for the Guinness World Record as a tribute to the anniversary.[63]

On 12 September 2016, on what would have been Cheung's 60th birthday, over one thousand fans joined Florence Chan in the morning at Po Fook Hill Ancestral Hall (寶福山) for prayers. At night, Cheung's fans club, Red Mission organised "Leslie Cheung 60th Red Hot Birthday Party" to commemorate Cheung. It was an outdoor birthday party at Central Harbourfront Event Space with a big LED screen[64] projecting Cheung's past video clips, concerts, songs and pictures. Eason Chan (陳奕迅) as a member of Red Mission joined the party singing one of Cheung’s song "4 season" (春夏秋冬) as a tribute to Cheung.[65] In the same month, another fans club, United Leslie also celebrated the big day of this renowned star. United Leslie organised an exhibition and movie screening of Cheung's two selected movies in PMQ, Central of Hong Kong.[66]

Status as a "Gay Icon"[edit]

Cheung has been described as a gay icon by the BBC as well as Taiwan News.[67][52] He is well known for his prominent roles portraying queer characters in Happy Together and Farewell My Concubine.[52] A pair of red high heels Cheung wore during a performance of his song Red were described as "a top draw"[68] at an exhibit on androgynous fashion in Hong Kong.

Asteroid[edit]

In 2018, 55383 Cheungkwokwing was named in memory of Leslie Cheung. The main-belt asteroid was discovered by Bill Yeung at the Desert Eagle Observatory in 2001.

Awards and nominations[edit]

RTHK Top 10 Gold Songs Awards[edit]

Year Category Recipient Result
1984 Top 10 Gold Songs "Monica" Won
1985 Top 10 Gold Songs "Wild Wind" (不羈的風) Won
1986 Top 10 Gold Songs "Past Love" (當年情) Won
1987 Top 10 Gold Songs "Sleepless Night" (無心睡眠) Won
Best CD Summer Romance Won
Sales Award (Best-Selling Album of the Year) Summer Romance Won
1988 Top 10 Gold Songs "Silence is Golden" (沉默是金) Won
Top 10 Gold Songs "Don’t Need Too Much" (無需要太多) Won
IFPI Award Himself Won
1999 Top 10 Gold Songs "Left Right Hand" (左右手) Won
Golden Needle Award Himself Won
2000 Top 10 Gold Songs "Big Heat" (大熱) Won
2002 Silver Jubilee Award Himself Won

Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards[edit]

Year Category Recipient Result
1983 Top 10 Gold Songs "Wind Blows On" (風繼續吹) Nominated
1984 "Monica" Won
1985 "Wild Wind" (不羈的風) Won
1986 "Past Love" (當年情) Won
"Who Resonates With Me" (有誰共鳴) Won
Gold Song Gold Award (Best Song of the Year) Won
1987 Top 10 Gold Songs "Sleepless Night" (無心睡眠) Won
Gold Song Gold Award (Best Song of the Year) Won
1988 Top 10 Gold Songs "Silence is Golden"(沉默是金) Won
"Closer" (贴身) Won
Most Popular Male Artist Himself Won
1989 Top 10 Gold Songs "Starting from Zero" (由零开始) Won
Most Popular Male Artist Himself Won
1999 Honours Award Won
2000 Four Channel Award (Best Album of the Year) Untitled Won
Honours Award Himself Won

Other music awards[edit]

Year Award Category Recipient Result
1988 Ultimate Song Chart Awards Ultimate Male Artist Gold Award Himself Won
1989 Won
IFPI Award Side Face (側面) Won
1999 Ultimate Song Award (No. 1 Song of the Year) "Left Right Hand"(左右手) Won
Metro Radio Hit Music Awards Metro Radio Hit Song of the Year Won
Metro Radio Top 10 Hit Songs Won
2000 CCTV-MTV Music Honours Asia's Biggest Superstar Himself Won
2001 Chinese Pop Music Media Awards Best Male Singer Won

Hong Kong Film Awards[edit]

Year Category Film Result
1983 Best Actor Nomad (烈火青春) Nominated
1988 A Better Tomorrow 2 (英雄本色2) Nominated
Best Original Film Song A Chinese Ghost Story (倩女幽魂) Nominated
1989 Best Actor Rouge (胭脂扣) Nominated
1991 Days of Being Wild (阿飛正傳) Won
1994 Best Original Film Song The Bride With White Hair (白髮魔女傳) Nominated
1995 Best Actor He's a Woman, She's a Man (金枝玉葉) Nominated
Best Original Film Song Won
1996 The Phantom Lover (夜半歌聲) Nominated
1997 Best Actor Viva Erotica (色情男女) Nominated
Best Original Film Song Who's the Woman, Who's the Man? (金枝玉葉2) Nominated
1998 Best Actor Happy Together (春光乍洩) Nominated
2003 Inner Senses (異度空間) Nominated

Golden Horse Awards[edit]

Year Category Film Result
1991 Best Actor Days of Being Wild (阿飛正傳) Nominated
1993 Best Original Song The Bride With White Hair (白髮魔女傳) Won
1994 He's a Woman, She's a Man (金枝玉葉) Nominated
1995 The Phantom Lover (夜半歌聲) Nominated
1996 Best Actor Temptress Moon (風月) Nominated
Best Original Song Nominated
Who's the Woman, Who's the Man? (金枝玉葉2) Nominated
1997 Best Actor Happy Together (春光乍洩) Nominated
2000 Double Tap (鎗王) Nominated
2002 Inner Senses (異度空間) Nominated

Other film awards[edit]

Year Award Category Film Result
1991 Asia Pacific Film Festival Best Actor Days of Being Wild (阿飛正傳) Nominated
1993 Cannes Film Festival Farewell My Concubine (霸王別姬) Nominated
1994 Hong Kong Film Critics Society Awards Ashes of Time (東邪西毒) Won
Japan Film Critics Society Farewell My Concubine Won
Venice Film Festival Ashes of Time Nominated
1996 Cannes Film Festival Temptress Moon (風月) Nominated
1997 Cannes Film Festival Happy Together (春光乍洩) Nominated

Ming Pao Power Academy Awards[edit]

Year Category Recipient Result
2000 Honorary Award Himself Won
Outstanding Male Singer Won
2002 Best Actor Inner Senses (異度空間) Won

Discography[edit]

Main article: Leslie Cheung discography

Filmography[edit]

Main article: Leslie Cheung filmography

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Lisa Oldham Stokes (2007). Historical Dictionary of Hong Kong Cinema. Scarecrow Press. p. xxvii. ISBN 978-0-8108-5520-5.
  2. ^ "Sina Entertainment News" (in Chinese). Xinhua News Agency. 3 April 2008. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
  3. ^ "Sina Entertainment News". Sina Corp. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
  4. ^ "Leslie Cheung profile".
  5. ^ "1988 JSG Best Ten Awards". TVB. Archived from the original on 3 June 2013. Retrieved 16 April 2013.
  6. ^ "1989 JSG Best Ten Awards". TVB. Archived from the original on 5 March 2012. Retrieved 12 March 2012.
  7. ^ "RTHK Classics Channel". Rthk.org.hk.
  8. ^ 張國榮Monica入選世紀金曲[unreliable source?] 1999-11-22
  9. ^ "Acts Honored at CCTV-MTV Show in China" (1 July 2000) Billboard.
  10. ^ "List of Award Winner of The 10th Hong Kong Film Awards". Hkfaa.com.
  11. ^ "List of Winners of 1994 Hong Kong Film Critics Society Awards". Filmcritics.org.hk. 17 February 1995.
  12. ^ "In Competition Actors". Festival-cannes.fr.
  13. ^ "In Competition Actors". Festival-cannes.fr.
  14. ^ "Best Actor Award". Lesliecheung.cc. Archived from the original on 28 June 2013.
  15. ^ "Leslie Cheung's Popularity in Korea". Tw.twent.chinayes.com. Archived from the original on 3 April 2013.
  16. ^ "Cheung Tops Asia's CCTV-MTV Honors", AllBusiness.com, Inc.
  17. ^ "'Farewell My Concubine' most appreciated in HK", China Daily
  18. ^ "Michael Jackson: Your number one music icon". CNN. 27 August 2010. Retrieved 20 September 2010.
  19. ^ Hottest Men from HK Cinema[permanent dead link] CNN
  20. ^ Asia's 25 Greatest Actors of All Time CNNGo 4 March 2010
  21. ^ Kevin Thomas, "A Career In Full Plumet", Los Angeles Times, 22 June 1997, page 6
  22. ^ a b Michel Ciment, Hubert Niogret, "Interview of Leslie Cheung", Positif no. 455/1999, Berlin, conducted on 21 February 1998
  23. ^ Chitose Shima, "Leslie Cheung Interview", All About Leslie, pp. 25–40, Saangyo Henshu Center Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 1999, ISBN 4-916199-10-3
  24. ^ a b c Corliss, Richard (30 April 2001). "Forever Leslie". Time. Archived from the original on 21 May 2013. Retrieved 18 February 2014.
  25. ^ Leslie Cheung, "Leslie Cheung Autobiography", Commercial Radio Hong Kong, 1985, (also collected in Album Collection History-His Story by Capital Artist, 2004), an English translation can be found in here
  26. ^ Chitose Shima, "Leslie Cheung Interview", All About Leslie, p25-43, Sangyo Henshu Center Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 1999, ISBN 4-916199-10-3
  27. ^ "Leslie Cheung Memorial Scholarship". Hkapa.edu. Archived from the original on 15 April 2012. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
  28. ^ Lisa Oldham Stokes (2007). Historical Dictionary of Hong Kong Cinema. Scarecrow Press. p. 77. ISBN 978-0-8108-5520-5.
  29. ^ Yingjin Zhang; Zhiwei Xiao (2002). Encyclopedia of Chinese Film. London & New York: Routledge. p. 118. ISBN 0-203-19555-8.
  30. ^ "Berlinale: 1998 Juries". berlinale.de. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
  31. ^ "Leslie Cheung's Beloved are sold more than 300,000" Archived 14 April 2005 at the Wayback Machine., Min Pao Weekly, 28 Oct 1995, see
  32. ^ Achievements of Leslie Cheung Archived 13 February 2005 at the Wayback Machine.
  33. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Yau, Ching (2010). As Normal As Possible. HKU: Hong Kong University Press. pp. 133–149.
  34. ^ Corliss, R. (2001). "Forever Leslie", Time (Asia Edition). Retrieved 17 December 2005.
  35. ^ "倪詩蓓現狀_張國榮女友倪詩蓓資料簡介及照片曝光【圖】-老男人繁體中文版". Alididi.info. 19 September 2010.
  36. ^ "Leslie Cheung: The life of a legend". Time Out: Hong Kong. 4 February 2014. Retrieved 7 December 2017.
  37. ^ {https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r1ckXGoqnhw}
  38. ^ http://www.jaynestars.com/news/daffy-tongs-love-for-leslie-cheung-remains-strong/
  39. ^ 為兒童癌病基金賣卡籌款 張國榮帶頭捐一百萬. 1996.12.12 蘋果日報
  40. ^ 东方日报
  41. ^ 1997--明报周刊
  42. ^ 经济日报
  43. ^ --2000太阳报
  44. ^ ---2000 东方日报
  45. ^ 張國榮「護苗」出錢出力 2002-05-21
  46. ^ 2003.3.12 东方日报
  47. ^ Lisa Odham Stokes, Michael Hoover, City on fire: Hong Kong cinema, p. 363, 1999.
  48. ^ 陳淑芬細說 哥哥最後電話, Apple Daily, 29 March 2013
  49. ^ Corliss, R. (2003). "That old feeling: Days of being Leslie" Time magazine Asia Edition. Retrieved 17 December 2005.
  50. ^ a b Stephen Kelly, "WHY DOES IT HAVE TO BE LIKE THIS?" Leslie Cheung, 1956–2003", 8 May 2003
  51. ^ "Leslie Cheung Kwok-Wing commits suicide." Archived 16 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine., Hong Kong Entertainment News in Review (2003). Retrieved 17 December 2005
  52. ^ a b c "Actor Leslie Cheung 'found dead'", BBC, 1 April 2003
  53. ^ "Activities to Commemorate Leslie Cheung" Archived 4 November 2015 at the Wayback Machine., Xinhua, 2 April 2005
  54. ^ Yu Sen-lun, "The Leslie Cheung Legend Lives on", TaiPei Times, 10 April 2003
  55. ^ Bruce Einhorn, "Hong Kong: A City in Mourning", Bloomberg BusinessWeek, 14 April 2003
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  57. ^ "Jonathan Crow, "Leslie Cheung", AOL Allmovie". Movies.aol.com. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
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  60. ^ "Forty Thousands Fans Farewell Leslie Cheung in the Raining Night", Modern Business News, 4 April 2003
  61. ^ 李明皙. "Leslie Cheung's depression cause was biological, according to his sister". Big5.china.com.cn.
  62. ^ "张国荣忧鬱揭秘　生前求助白龙王不果". Oriental Daily.
  63. ^ Leslie Cheung's origami display delayed Yahoo!! Malaysia
  64. ^ "Red Mission 繼續張國榮歌影迷國際聯盟". Red Mission. 22 July 2016. Retrieved 19 September 2016.
  65. ^ "Leslie Cheung is remembered on his 60th birthday". 12 September 2016. Retrieved 24 September 2016.
  66. ^ "Leslie Cheung Movie Screening". PMQ Hong Kong. 19 September 2016. Retrieved 19 September 2016.
  67. ^ News, Taiwan. "Hong Kong mourns the death of Asia's first gay icon | Taiwan News". Hong Kong mourns the death of Asia's first gay icon | Taiwan News. Retrieved 2018-05-10.
  68. ^ "The gender benders 丨 Focus HK". data:blog.title. Retrieved 2018-05-10. External link in |work= (help)

Further reading[edit]

  • Simon Broughton, Mark Ellingham, World Music Volume 2: Latin and North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific, BBC Radio, 2000, ISBN 1-85828-636-0
  • Kei Mori, "夢想之欠片 (Broken pieces of dreams)", Renga Shyobo Shinshya Co Ltd, Tokyo, Japan, 2004, ISBN 4-902603-55-1
  • Chitose Shima, "Leslie Cheung Interview", All About Leslie, p25–40, Sangyo Henshu Center Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 1999, ISBN 4-916199-10-3
  • Chitose Shima, Time of Leslie Cheung, Sangyo Henshu Center Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 2004, ISBN 4-916199-59-6
  • Lisa Oldham Stokes (2007). Historical Dictionary of Hong Kong Cinema. Scarecrow Press. pp. 76–79. ISBN 978-0-8108-5520-5.
  • City Entertainment Editor Committee, Leslie Cheung's Movie World 2 (1991–1995), City Entertainment, Hong Kong, 2006, ISBN 962-8114-98-0
  • De Hui, Leslie Cheung's Movie Life I, II, Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House, Shanghai, 2006, ISBN 7-80678-557-4.
  • Yingjin Zhang; Zhiwei Xiao (2002). Encyclopedia of Chinese Film. London & New York: Routledge. p. 118. ISBN 0-203-19555-8.
  • Helen Hok-Sze Leung, "In Queer Memory: Leslie Cheung (1956-2003)" In "Undercurrents Queer Culture and Postcolonial Hong Kong", UBC Press, Vancouver, 2008, p. 85 -105, ISBN 978-0-7748-1469-0

External links[edit]

Awards and achievements
Hong Kong Film Awards
Preceded by
Chow Yun-Fat for All About Ah Long 		Best Actor
1991 for Days of Being Wild 		Succeeded by
Eric Tsang for Alan and Eric Between Hello and Goodbye
Hong Kong Film Critics Society Awards
Preceded by
None 		Best Actor
1994 		Succeeded by
Stephen Chow
RTHK Top 10 Gold Songs Awards
Preceded by
Anita Mui 		Golden Needle Award
1999 		Succeeded by
Jacky Cheung
Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards
Preceded by
Alan Tam 		Most Popular Male Artist
1988, 1989 		Succeeded by
Andy Lau
Preceded by
Vacant 		Honours Award
1999, 2000 		Succeeded by
Anita Mui
Ultimate Song Chart Awards
Preceded by
None 		Ultimate Male Artist Gold Award
1988, 1989 		Succeeded by
Anthony Lun
Ming Pao Power Academy Awards
Preceded by
None 		Honorary Award
2000 (& Andy Lau) 		Succeeded by
Stephen Chow
Preceded by
None 		Outstanding Male Singer
2000 		Succeeded by
Eason Chan
Preceded by
Andy Lau for Love on a Diet 		Outstanding Actor in Film
2002 for Inner Senses 		Succeeded by
Andy Lau for Running on Karma
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