Line-of-sight propagation
Videos
Line-of-sight propagation is a characteristic of electromagnetic radiation or acoustic wave propagation which means waves can only travel in a direct visual path from the source to the receiver withou
R is the radius of the Earth, h is the height of the transmitter (exaggerated), d is the line of sight distance
R is the radius of the Earth, h is the height of the ground station, H is the height of the air station d is the line of sight distance
Diffraction
Videos
Diffraction is the deviation of waves from straight-line propagation due to an obstacle or through an aperture, without any change in their energy. Diffraction is the same physical effect as interfere
Line-of-sight propagation
…source to the receiver without obstacles. Electromagnetic transmission includes light emissions traveling in a straight line. The rays or waves may be diffracted, refracted, reflected, or absorbed by the atmosphere and obstructions with material and generally cannot travel over the horizon or behind obstacles…
The diffraction pattern (Airy disc) of a red laser beam projected onto a plate after passing through a small circular aperture in another plate
Single-slit diffraction in a circular ripple tank
Diffraction pattern from a square aperture
Optical diffraction pattern