1.
Album
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Album, is a collection of audio recordings issued as a single item on CD, record, audio tape, or another medium. Albums of recorded music were developed in the early 20th century, first as books of individual 78rpm records, vinyl LPs are still issued, though in the 21st century album sales have mostly focused on compact disc and MP3 formats. The audio cassette was a format used from the late 1970s through to the 1990s alongside vinyl, an album may be recorded in a recording studio, in a concert venue, at home, in the field, or a mix of places. Recording may take a few hours to years to complete, usually in several takes with different parts recorded separately. Recordings that are done in one take without overdubbing are termed live, the majority of studio recordings contain an abundance of editing, sound effects, voice adjustments, etc. With modern recording technology, musicians can be recorded in separate rooms or at times while listening to the other parts using headphones. Album covers and liner notes are used, and sometimes additional information is provided, such as analysis of the recording, historically, the term album was applied to a collection of various items housed in a book format. In musical usage the word was used for collections of pieces of printed music from the early nineteenth century. Later, collections of related 78rpm records were bundled in book-like albums, the LP record, or 33 1⁄3 rpm microgroove vinyl record, is a gramophone record format introduced by Columbia Records in 1948. It was adopted by the industry as a standard format for the album. Apart from relatively minor refinements and the important later addition of stereophonic sound capability, the term album had been carried forward from the early nineteenth century when it had been used for collections of short pieces of music. Later, collections of related 78rpm records were bundled in book-like albums, as part of a trend of shifting sales in the music industry, some commenters have declared that the early 21st century experienced the death of the album. Sometimes shorter albums are referred to as mini-albums or EPs, Albums such as Tubular Bells, Amarok, Hergest Ridge by Mike Oldfield, and Yess Close to the Edge, include fewer than four tracks. There are no rules against artists such as Pinhead Gunpowder referring to their own releases under thirty minutes as albums. These are known as box sets, material is stored on an album in sections termed tracks, normally 11 or 12 tracks. A music track is a song or instrumental recording. The term is associated with popular music where separate tracks are known as album tracks. When vinyl records were the medium for audio recordings a track could be identified visually from the grooves
2.
INXS
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INXS were an Australian rock band, formed as The Farriss Brothers in 1977 in Sydney, New South Wales. They began playing covers in Western Australian pubs and clubs, occasionally playing some of their original music, mainstays were main composer and keyboardist Andrew Farriss, drummer Jon Farriss, guitarists Tim Farriss and Kirk Pengilly, bassist Garry Gary Beers and main lyricist and vocalist Michael Hutchence. For twenty years, INXS was fronted by Hutchence, whose good looks. Initially known for their new style, the band later developed a harder pub rock style that included funk. In 1980, INXS first charted in their native Australia with their debut self-titled album, but later garnered moderate success in countries with Shabooh Shoobah. Though The Swing brought more success from around the world, its single Original Sin was even greater commercially, in the 1990s, INXS achieved a greater fan following through Hutchences romance with fellow Australian singer Kylie Minogue, and achieved greater acclaim in the United Kingdom. However, starting with Welcome to Wherever You Are, in 1992, after Hutchence was found dead in his hotel suite in Sydney in November 1997, the band did not perform publicly for a year. They made appearances with several guest singers, including Jimmy Barnes, Terence Trent DArby and Jon Stevens, Stevens formally joined the band for a tour and recording session in 2002. In 2005, members of INXS participated in Rock Star, INXS, with Fortune, the band released Pretty Vegas and Afterglow as singles, and the album Switch. In late 2010, the recorded and released Original Sin. INXS won six Australian Recording Industry Association awards including three for Best Group in 1987,1989 and 1992, and was inducted into the ARIA Hall of Fame in 2001, as of June 2015, INXS has sold over 50 million records worldwide. The origins of the band began with Andrew Farriss convincing his fellow Davidson High School classmate, Michael Hutchence, to join his band, Doctor Dolphin. The band contained two other classmates, Kent Kerny and Neil Sanders and a player, Garry Beers and Geoff Kennely, from a nearby high school. In 1977, Tim Farriss, Andrews older brother, invited Andrew, Hutchence and Beers to join him, Tim and Pengilly had been playing together since 1971 as either an acoustic duo, Kirk and Tim, or as a four-piece band called Guinness. The band made their debut on 16 August 1977 at Whale Beach,40 km north of Sydney. Andrew Farriss remembers, I thought the show went really well, but I think my dad summed it up the day, Great show. I think everyone might have been stoned and they briefly performed as The Vegetables, singing We Are the Vegetables, before returning to Sydney ten months later, where they recorded a set of demos. At a chance meeting in the car park of the Narrabeen Antler, a pub in Narrabeen on the Northern Beaches of Sydney, New South Wales, Tim was approached by Gary Morris, the manager of Midnight Oil
3.
Rock music
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It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, itself heavily influenced by blues, rhythm and blues and country music. Rock music also drew strongly on a number of genres such as electric blues and folk. Musically, rock has centered on the guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass guitar. Typically, rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature using a verse-chorus form, like pop music, lyrics often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes that are frequently social or political in emphasis. Punk was an influence into the 1980s on the subsequent development of subgenres, including new wave, post-punk. From the 1990s alternative rock began to rock music and break through into the mainstream in the form of grunge, Britpop. Similarly, 1970s punk culture spawned the visually distinctive goth and emo subcultures and this trio of instruments has often been complemented by the inclusion of other instruments, particularly keyboards such as the piano, Hammond organ and synthesizers. The basic rock instrumentation was adapted from the blues band instrumentation. A group of musicians performing rock music is termed a rock band or rock group, Rock music is traditionally built on a foundation of simple unsyncopated rhythms in a 4/4 meter, with a repetitive snare drum back beat on beats two and four. Melodies are often derived from older musical modes, including the Dorian and Mixolydian, harmonies range from the common triad to parallel fourths and fifths and dissonant harmonic progressions. Critics have stressed the eclecticism and stylistic diversity of rock, because of its complex history and tendency to borrow from other musical and cultural forms, it has been argued that it is impossible to bind rock music to a rigidly delineated musical definition. These themes were inherited from a variety of sources, including the Tin Pan Alley pop tradition, folk music and rhythm, as a result, it has been seen as articulating the concerns of this group in both style and lyrics. Christgau, writing in 1972, said in spite of some exceptions, rock and roll usually implies an identification of male sexuality, according to Simon Frith rock was something more than pop, something more than rock and roll. Rock musicians combined an emphasis on skill and technique with the concept of art as artistic expression, original. The foundations of music are in rock and roll, which originated in the United States during the late 1940s and early 1950s. Its immediate origins lay in a melding of various musical genres of the time, including rhythm and blues and gospel music, with country. In 1951, Cleveland, Ohio disc jockey Alan Freed began playing rhythm and blues music for a multi-racial audience, debate surrounds which record should be considered the first rock and roll record. Other artists with rock and roll hits included Chuck Berry, Bo Diddley, Fats Domino, Little Richard, Jerry Lee Lewis
4.
Atlantic Records
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Atlantic Recording Corporation is an American major record label founded in October 1947 by Ahmet Ertegün and Herb Abramson. In 2004, Atlantic Records and its sister label Elektra Records merged into Atlantic Records Group, craig Kallman is currently the chairman of Atlantic Records. Ahmet Ertegün served as founding chairman until his death on December 14,2006, the brothers had become ardent fans of jazz and rhythm & blues music, amassing a collection of over 15,00078 RPM records. He convinced the family dentist, Dr Vahdi Sabit, to invest $10,000 and recruited Herb Abramson, Abramson had worked as a part-time A&R manager/producer for the jazz label National Records, signing Big Joe Turner and Billy Eckstine. He founded Jubilee Records in 1946, but had no interest in its most successful artists, so, in September 1947, he sold his share in Jubilee to his partner, Jerry Blaine, and invested $2500 in the new Atlantic label. When interviewed in 2009 she attributed her reputation to the companys chronic cash-flow shortage, most of the problems we had with artists were that they wanted advances, and that was very difficult for us. We were undercapitalized for a long time, the labels original office in the Ritz Hotel, Manhattan proved too expensive so they relocated to an $85 per month room in the Hotel Jefferson. In its early years Atlantic focused principally on modern jazz although it released some country and western and spoken word recordings. The union action forced Atlantic to use almost all its capital to cut and stockpile enough recordings to last through the ban, Ertegun and Abramson spent much of the late 1940s and early 1950s scouring nightclubs in search of talent. Ertegun composed many songs under the alias A, in early 1949 a New Orleans distributor phoned Ertegun trying to obtain Stick McGhees Drinking Wine, Spo-Dee-O-Dee, which was unavailable due to the closure of McGhees previous label. Ertegun knew Sticks younger brother Brownie McGhee, with whom Stick happened to be staying, so he contacted the McGhee brothers, Ertegun asked about artists royalties, which he paid, which surprised Columbia executives, who did not, which scuttled the deal. On the recommendation of broadcaster Willis Conover, Ertegun and Abramson went to see Ruth Brown at the Crystal Caverns club in Washington and she was badly injured in a car accident en route to New York but Atlantic supported her for nine months and then signed her. Her first release for the label So Long, cut at her second Atlantic session on May 25,1949 with the Eddie Condon band, was a major hit, reaching #6 on the R&B chart. Brown went on to more than eighty songs for the label, becoming the most prolific. So significant was Browns success to Atlantics fortunes that the label became known colloquially as The House That Ruth Built. The Clovers Dont You Know I Love You became the labels first R&B #1 in September 1951 and she hit #1 again in March–April 1952 with 5-10-15 Hours. After she left the label in 1961 Browns fortunes declined rapidly - within a few years was reduced to working as a cleaner and bus-driver to support her children. Brown eventually received a payment of $20,000 and founded a charity
5.
Mercury Records
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Mercury Records is an American-based record label owned by Universal Music Group. In the United States, it operates through Island Records, in the UK, Mercury Record Corporation was formed in the American city of Chicago in 1945 by Irving Green, Berle Adams, Ray Greenberg and Arthur Talmadge. They were a force in jazz and blues, classical music, rock and roll. Early in the history, Mercury opened two pressing plants, one in Chicago and the other in St. Louis, Missouri. With the use of presses and providing 24-hour turnaround, they went into direct competition with major recording labels such as Columbia, Decca, Capitol. By hiring two promoters, Tiny Hill and Jimmy Hilliard, they penetrated the pop market with such as Frankie Laine, Vic Damone, Tony Fontane. Rather than rely on radio airplay, Mercury initially relied on jukeboxes to promote their music, some early Mercury recordings featured a caricature of him as its logo. In 1947 Jack Rael, a musician and publicist/manager, persuaded Mercury to let Patti Page record a song that had planned to be done by Vic Damone. The budget was too small for them to hire a second singer to provide the parts to Page. The company released a number of recordings under the Mercury label as well as its subsidiaries. In addition, they leased and purchased material by independent labels, under their own label, Mercury released a variety of recording styles from classical music to psychedelic rock. However, its subsidiaries focused on their own specialized categories of music, Mercurys jazz division had two distinct and important fathers. John Hammond brought his expertise and connections when Mercury bought Keynote Records in the late 1940s, and Mercury was the issuing company and distributor for Norman Granzs pre-Norgran/Verve recordings. Although both Hammond and Granz had departed Mercury by the mid-1950s, they established the company in the jazz world, by the early 1960s, Mercury was releasing jazz under the flagship label and was an early leader in the new stereo sound releases. Highlights of the early and mid-1960s included albums by Quincy Jones, Buddy Rich, Cannonball Adderley, Charles Mingus, Dinah Washington, Sarah Vaughan, Max Roach, in the early 1950s, Norman Granz started his own record company, Norgran, which later became Verve. In an ironic twist, both Mercury and Verve are now owned by Universal Music Group and Mercurys jazz library falls under the Verve division. Since the early 1990s, Verve has reissued many Mercury jazz titles on CD, often taking care to use original master tapes, in 1962, Mercury began marketing a line of phonographs made by Philips bearing the Mercury brand name. In July 1967, Mercury Records became the first U. S. record company to release cassette music tapes, in 1969, Mercury changed its corporate name to Mercury Record Productions Inc. while its parent Conelco became North American Philips Corp after Philips brought control of the company
6.
Warner Music Group
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Warner Music Group is an American multinational entertainment and record label conglomerate headquartered in New York City. With a multibillion-dollar annual turnover, WMG employs in excess of 3,500 people and has operations in more than 50 countries throughout the world, the company owns and operates some of the largest and most successful record labels in the world, including its flagship labels Warner Bros. WMG also owns Warner/Chappell Music, one of the worlds largest music publishers, the film company had no record label division at the time and one of its contracted actors, Tab Hunter, scored a hit song for Dot Records, which was a division of rival Paramount Pictures. In order to prevent any repetition of its actors recording for rival companies, in 1963, Warner purchased Reprise Records, which had been founded by Frank Sinatra three years earlier so that he could have more creative control over his recordings. With the Reprise acquisition, Warner gained the services of Mo Ostin, the Canadian unit was opened in 1967 as Warner Reprise Canada Ltd, now called Warner Music Canada Co. After Warner Bros. was sold to Seven Arts Productions in 1967, it purchased Atlantic Records, founded in 1947 and WMGs oldest label and this acquisition brought Neil Young into the company fold, initially as a member of Buffalo Springfield. The Geffen catalogue, now owned by Universal Music Group, represents Youngs only major recordings not under WMG ownership, in 1969, two years after being purchased by Seven Arts, the Warner Bros. -Seven Arts company was sold to the Kinney National Company. Kinney combined the operations of all of its labels. An earlier attempt by Warner Bros. Records to create a distribution arm in 1958 didnt materialize. So in 1969, Elektra Records boss Jac Holzman approached Atlantics Jerry Wexler with the idea of setting up a joint distribution network for Warner, Elektra, an experimental branch was established in Southern California as a possible prototype for an expanded operation. Atlantic, its subsidiary Atco Records, and its affiliate Stax Records paved the way for Warners rise to industry prominence, the purchase brought in Atlantics lucrative back-catalogue, which included classic recordings by Ray Charles, the Drifters, the Coasters, and many more. But the sale led to Stax leaving the Atlantic fold because the new Warner owners insisted on keeping the rights to Stax recordings and it was soon apparent in 1969 that Atlantic/Atco president Ahmet Ertegün viewed Warner/Reprise president Mike Maitland as godlike. Maitland believed that, as vice-president in charge of the Warner Bros, in retrospect Ertegün clearly feared that Maitland would ultimately have more power than him and so he moved rapidly to secure his own position and remove Maitland. Following the takeover, Warners music group briefly adopted the umbrella name Kinney Music, erteguns campaign against Maitland began in earnest that summer. Atlantic had agreed to help Warner Bros. in its efforts to establish its labels overseas, Mike Maitland complained bitterly to Kinney executive Ted Ashley, but to no avail – by this time Ertegun was poised to make his move against Maitland. As he had with Hyman, Ertegun urged Steve Ross to extend Mo Ostin and Joe Smiths contracts, in response, Ertegun broadly hinted that Maitlands days were numbered and that he, Ertegun, was about to take over the recording division. Unlike the Warner/Reprise executives, Atlantics execs the Ertegun brothers and Wexler owned stock in Kinney, on Sunday January 25, Ted Ashley went to Maitlands house to tell him he had been dismissed, and Maitland declined the offer of a job at the movie studio. One week later, Mo Ostin was named as the new President of Warner Bros, Records, with Joe Smith as his Executive Vice-President
7.
Record producer
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A record producer or music producer oversees and manages the sound recording and production of a band or performers music, which may range from recording one song to recording a lengthy concept album. A producer has many roles during the recording process, the roles of a producer vary. The producer may perform these roles himself, or help select the engineer, the producer may also pay session musicians and engineers and ensure that the entire project is completed within the record companies budget. A record producer or music producer has a broad role in overseeing and managing the recording. Producers also often take on an entrepreneurial role, with responsibility for the budget, schedules, contracts. In the 2010s, the industry has two kinds of producers with different roles, executive producer and music producer. Executive producers oversee project finances while music producers oversee the process of recording songs or albums. In most cases the producer is also a competent arranger, composer. The producer will also liaise with the engineer who concentrates on the technical aspects of recording. Noted producer Phil Ek described his role as the person who creatively guides or directs the process of making a record, indeed, in Bollywood music, the designation actually is music director. The music producers job is to create, shape, and mold a piece of music, at the beginning of record industry, producer role was technically limited to record, in one shot, artists performing live. The role of producers changed progressively over the 1950s and 1960s due to technological developments, the development of multitrack recording caused a major change in the recording process. Before multitracking, all the elements of a song had to be performed simultaneously, all of these singers and musicians had to be assembled in a large studio and the performance had to be recorded. As well, for a song that used 20 instruments, it was no longer necessary to get all the players in the studio at the same time. Examples include the rock sound effects of the 1960s, e. g. playing back the sound of recorded instruments backwards or clanging the tape to produce unique sound effects. These new instruments were electric or electronic, and thus they used instrument amplifiers, new technologies like multitracking changed the goal of recording, A producer could blend together multiple takes and edit together different sections to create the desired sound. For example, in jazz fusion Bandleader-composer Miles Davis album Bitches Brew, producers like Phil Spector and George Martin were soon creating recordings that were, in practical terms, almost impossible to realise in live performance. Producers became creative figures in the studio, other examples of such engineers includes Joe Meek, Teo Macero, Brian Wilson, and Biddu
8.
Single (music)
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In music, a single or record single is a type of release, typically a song recording of fewer tracks than an LP record, an album or an EP record. This can be released for sale to the public in a variety of different formats, in most cases, a single is a song that is released separately from an album, although it usually also appears on an album. Typically, these are the songs from albums that are released separately for promotional uses such as digital download or commercial radio airplay and are expected to be the most popular, in other cases a recording released as a single may not appear on an album. As digital downloading and audio streaming have become prevalent, it is often possible for every track on an album to also be available separately. Nevertheless, the concept of a single for an album has been retained as an identification of a heavily promoted or more popular song within an album collection. Despite being referred to as a single, singles can include up to as many as three tracks on them. The biggest digital music distributor, iTunes, accepts as many as three tracks less than ten minutes each as a single, as well as popular music player Spotify also following in this trend. Any more than three tracks on a release or longer than thirty minutes in total running time is either an Extended Play or if over six tracks long. The basic specifications of the single were made in the late 19th century. Gramophone discs were manufactured with a range of speeds and in several sizes. By about 1910, however, the 10-inch,78 rpm shellac disc had become the most commonly used format, the inherent technical limitations of the gramophone disc defined the standard format for commercial recordings in the early 20th century.26 rpm. With these factors applied to the 10-inch format, songwriters and performers increasingly tailored their output to fit the new medium, the breakthrough came with Bob Dylans Like a Rolling Stone. Singles have been issued in various formats, including 7-inch, 10-inch, other, less common, formats include singles on digital compact cassette, DVD, and LD, as well as many non-standard sizes of vinyl disc. Some artist release singles on records, a more common in musical subcultures. The most common form of the single is the 45 or 7-inch. The names are derived from its speed,45 rpm. The 7-inch 45 rpm record was released 31 March 1949 by RCA Victor as a smaller, more durable, the first 45 rpm records were monaural, with recordings on both sides of the disc. As stereo recordings became popular in the 1960s, almost all 45 rpm records were produced in stereo by the early 1970s
9.
Recording Industry Association of America
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The Recording Industry Association of America is a continental North and South American trade organization that represents the recording industry in the United States. Its members consist of record labels and distributors, which the RIAA says create, the RIAA headquarters is in Washington, D. C. The RIAA was formed in 1952 and its original mission was to administer recording copyright fees and problems, work with trade unions, and do research relating to the record industry and government regulations. Early RIAA standards included the RIAA equalization curve, the format of the record groove and the dimensions of 33 1/3 rpm,45 rpm. Since 2001, the RIAA has spent $2 to $6 million each year on lobbying in the United States, the RIAA also participates in the collective rights management of sound recordings, and it is responsible for certifying Gold and Platinum albums and singles in the United States. Cary Sherman has been the RIAAs chairman and CEO since 2011, Sherman joined the RIAA as its general counsel in 1997 and became president of the board of directors in 2001, serving in that position until being made chairman and CEO. Mitch Glazier has been the RIAAs senior executive vice president since 2011 and he served as executive vice president for public policy and industry relations from 2000 to 2011. The past RIAA chairman and CEO is Mitch Bainwol, who served from 2003 to 2011 and he left in 2011 to become president and CEO of the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers. The board of directors consists of 26 members of the board, the RIAA operates an award program for albums that sell a large number of copies. The program originally began in 1958, with a Gold Award for singles, the criterion was changed in 1975 to the number of copies sold, with albums selling 500,000 copies awarded the Gold Award. In 1976, a Platinum Award was added for one million sales, the awards are open to both RIAA members and non-members. Since 2000, the RIAA also operates a program for Latin music sales. Currently, a Disco De Oro is awarded for 30,000 units, the RIAA defines Latin music as a type of release with 51% or more of its content recorded in Spanish. In 2006, digital ringtones were added to branch of certification. In the same year, the RIAA introduced the Latin Digital Award for digital recordings in Spanish and this release format includes DVD and VHS releases, and certain live albums and compilation albums. The certification criteria is different from other styles. Gold,50,000 Platinum,100,000 Multi-Platinum,200,000 copies The RIAA opposes unauthorized sharing of its music, studies conducted since the association began its campaign against peer-to-peer file-sharing have concluded that losses incurred per download range from negligible to moderate. The association has commenced high-profile lawsuits against file sharing service providers and it has also commenced a series of lawsuits against individuals suspected of file sharing, notably college students and parents of file sharing children
10.
Billboard Hot 100
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The Billboard Hot 100 is the music industry standard record chart in the United States for singles, published weekly by Billboard magazine. Chart rankings are based on sales, radio play and online streaming, the weekly sales period was originally Monday to Sunday, when Nielsen started tracking sales in 1991, but was changed to Friday to Thursday in July 2015. Radio airplay, which, unlike sales figures and streaming data, is available on a real-time basis. A new chart is compiled and officially released to the public by Billboard on Tuesdays, as of the issue for the week ending on April 15,2017, the Hot 100 has had 1,061 different number one hits. The current number one song is Shape of You by Ed Sheeran, prior to 1955, Billboard did not have a unified, all-encompassing popularity chart, instead measuring songs by individual metrics. At the start of the era in 1955, three such charts existed, Best Sellers in Stores was the first Billboard chart, established in 1936. This chart ranked the biggest selling singles in retail stores, as reported by merchants surveyed throughout the country, Most Played by Jockeys was Billboards original airplay chart. It ranked the most played songs on United States radio stations, as reported by radio disc jockeys, Most Played in Jukeboxes ranked the most played songs in jukeboxes across the United States. On the week ending November 12,1955, Billboard published The Top 100 for the first time, the Top 100 combined all aspects of a singles performance, based on a point system that typically gave sales more weight than radio airplay. The Best Sellers In Stores, Most Played by Jockeys and Most Played in Jukeboxes charts continued to be published concurrently with the new Top 100 chart. The week ending July 28,1958 was the publication of the Most Played By Jockeys and Top 100 charts. On August 4,1958, Billboard premiered one main all-genre singles chart, the Hot 100 quickly became the industry standard and Billboard discontinued the Best Sellers In Stores chart on October 13,1958. The Billboard Hot 100 is still the standard by which a songs popularity is measured in the United States, the Hot 100 is ranked by radio airplay audience impressions as measured by Nielsen BDS, sales data compiled by Nielsen Soundscan and streaming activity provided by online music sources. There are several component charts that contribute to the calculation of the Hot 100. Charts are ranked by number of gross audience impressions, computed by cross-referencing exact times of radio airplay with Arbitron listener data. Hot Singles Sales, the top selling singles compiled from a sample of retail store, mass merchant and internet sales reports collected, compiled. The chart is released weekly and measures sales of commercial singles. With the decline in sales of singles in the US
11.
The Greatest Hits (INXS album)
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The Greatest Hits is a greatest hits compilation released by Australian rock band INXS in 1994. The compilation was a success in Australia, peaking at number 2 and in the UK. It only managed to reach number 112 on the US Billboard 200, however, the album included two new songs, The Strangest Party, and Deliver Me. The Greatest Hits was originally released with different tracks in the UK, US, Australia, Brazil, and Mexico, japans release carried the US track listing, and all other nations received the UK track listing. The album was subsequently re-released in 1996 in Australia and in 1997 in Japan with the UK track listing, mercury - Available in the UK since 1994, Australia since 1996 and Japan since 1997. Taste It Cut Your Roses Down Suicide Blonde Please Disappear Im Only Looking Cut Your Roses Down What You Need Devil Inside The Strangest Party/Wishing Well
12.
X (INXS album)
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X is Australian rock band INXSs seventh studio album, released in 1990. The follow-up to the massive seller Kick, X scored hits with Suicide Blonde, two other singles from X were Bitter Tears and By My Side but they had less chart success. A fifth single, The Stairs was only issued in the Netherlands to coincide with the release of the Live Baby Live album and it was the third consecutive INXS album produced by Chris Thomas. The title, the Roman numeral for 10, represents the tenth year since their debut album was released in 1980. X features a sample of blues-harp player Charlie Musselwhite on Suicide Blonde, in 2002, a remastered version of the album was released which included five previously unreleased tracks. The singles Suicide Blonde and Disappear were used in the 1991 teen movie Mystery Date, INXS gained great success with the release of their previous studio album, Kick. The multimillion-selling album received acclaim and proved to be the bands biggest selling album by far. In 1987 and 1988, INXS toured heavily in support of Kick, during 1989, the band took a break to work on side projects. Vocalist and primary songwriter Michael Hutchence collaborated with Ian Ollie Olsen in the band Max Q, bass guitarist, Gary Garry Beers collaborated with ARIA award winning Sydney band, Absent Friends during 1989. Beers would first tour with the group, later going on to record tracks for their debut album, drummer Jon Farriss would soon join the recording sessions, contributing percussion on one track. Guitarist and saxophonist, Kirk Pengilly along with lead guitarist Tim Farriss both paired up to produce an album for local Sydney band, Crash Politics. Upon entering the 1990s, INXS wanted to follow up on Kick, in a radio interview shortly after the release of X, Hutchence said, We had to follow-up otherwise wed disappear. The band worked again with producer Chris Thomas at the Rhinoceros studio in Sydney, sticking to the formula that was built on Kick, Thomas urged primary songwriters Andrew Farriss and Hutchence to advance their song writing strengths on X. Some songs that appear on X were written years earlier including Lately, Disappear turned out to be one of the albums biggest singles. The songs original demo is titled Dark of Night and can be found on the 2002 remaster, Andrew wrote the song for his wife, Shelly. An idea that Andrew pitched to Hutchence and the rest of the band was the sound of a Blues harp, after discovering Blues musician Charlie Musselwhite had been playing shows in town, the band met with him and decided to use his harmonica playing talent on the album. Rather than playing a recording on Suicide Blonde, Musselwhite instead lay down harp samples. He does play full harmonica on Who Pays the Price and On My Way, like their previous two albums done with Thomas, X features a slickness and polish in its production, a quality that would be removed during production of their next album and subsequent albums
13.
Pink Floyd
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Pink Floyd were an English rock band formed in London. They achieved international acclaim with their progressive and psychedelic music, Pink Floyd were founded in 1965 by students Syd Barrett on guitar and lead vocals, Nick Mason on drums, Roger Waters on bass and vocals, and Richard Wright on keyboards and vocals. Guitarist David Gilmour joined in December 1967, Barrett left in April 1968 due to deteriorating mental health. Waters became the primary lyricist and conceptual leader, devising the concepts behind their albums The Dark Side of the Moon, Wish You Were Here, Animals, The Wall. The Dark Side of the Moon and The Wall became two of the albums of all time. Following creative tensions, Wright left Pink Floyd in 1979, followed by Waters in 1985, Gilmour and Mason continued as Pink Floyd, Wright rejoined them as a session musician and, later, a band member. The three produced two more albums—A Momentary Lapse of Reason and The Division Bell —and toured through 1994, Barrett died in 2006, and Wright in 2008. The final Pink Floyd studio album, The Endless River, was recorded without Waters, Pink Floyd were inducted into the American Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1996 and the UK Music Hall of Fame in 2005. By 2013, the band had more than 250 million records worldwide. Roger Waters met Nick Mason while they were both studying architecture at the London Polytechnic at Regent Street and they first played music together in a group formed by Keith Noble and Clive Metcalfe with Nobles sister Sheilagh. Richard Wright, an architecture student, joined later that year. Waters played lead guitar, Mason drums, and Wright rhythm guitar, the band performed at private functions and rehearsed in a tearoom in the basement of the Regent Street Polytechnic. They performed songs by the Searchers and material written by their manager and songwriter, Mason moved out after the 1964 academic year, and guitarist Bob Klose moved in during September 1964, prompting Waters switch to bass. Sigma 6 went through several names, including the Meggadeaths, the Abdabs and the Screaming Abdabs, Leonards Lodgers, in 1964, as Metcalfe and Noble left to form their own band, guitarist Syd Barrett joined Klose and Waters at Stanhope Gardens. Barrett, two younger, had moved to London in 1962 to study at the Camberwell College of Arts. Waters and Barrett were childhood friends, Waters had often visited Barrett, Noble and Metcalfe left the Tea Set in late 1963, and Klose introduced the band to singer Chris Dennis, a technician with the Royal Air Force. In December 1964, they secured their first recording time, at a studio in West Hampstead, through one of Wrights friends, Wright, who was taking a break from his studies, did not participate in the session. When the RAF assigned Dennis a post in Bahrain in early 1965, later that year, they became the resident band at the Countdown Club near Kensington High Street in London, where from late night until early morning they played three sets of 90 minutes each
14.
The Pretenders
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The Pretenders are an English-American rock band formed in Hereford, England, in March 1978. The original band consisted of initiator and main songwriter Chrissie Hynde, James Honeyman-Scott, Pete Farndon, Hynde launched a solo career in 2014, and the Pretenders were dormant as a band between 2012 and 2016. However, The Pretenders are once again active, having issued an album, Hynde, originally from Akron, Ohio, moved to London in 1973, working at the weekly music paper NME and at Malcolm McLaren and Vivienne Westwoods clothes store. She was involved with early versions of the Clash and the Damned and played in short-lived bands such as Masters of the Backside, the Pretenders formed in 1978 after Dave Hill at Anchor Records heard some demos of Hyndes music. He arranged a studio in Denmark Street, where a 3-piece band consisting of Hynde, Mal Hart on bass. Dave Hill was impressed and arranged a day at Studio 51 to record another demo, although it was rough, he felt he had seen and heard enough star potential to suggest that Hynde form a more permanent band to record for his new label, Real Records. Hynde then formed a band composed of Pete Farndon on bass, James Honeyman-Scott on guitar and this band, then without a name, recorded five tracks at Regents Park Studio in July 1978, including Stop Your Sobbing. The bands first single, a cover of the Kinks song Stop Your Sobbing was released in January 1979 and gained critical attention. It was followed in June with Kid, and then in January 1980 the band got to No.1 in the UK with Brass in Pocket, which was also successful in the US, reaching No.14 on the Billboard Hot 100. Their self-titled debut album was released at the end of December 1979 and was a success in the United Kingdom, the band played at the Heatwave festival during August 1980 near Toronto. The second full-length album, Pretenders II, was released during August 1981, Pretenders II included the Extended Play singles, the MTV video success Day After Day, and popular album-radio tracks The Adultress, Birds of Paradise, Bad Boys Get Spanked, and The English Roses. On 18 September 1981 the Pretenders were the musical guest on the US late night comedy show Fridays. The band performed The Adulteress, Message of Love and Louie, Louie, Andy Kaufman was the guest host of the programme on that night. Farndons drug abuse escalated and he was fired after a meeting between Hynde, Honeyman-Scott and Chambers, on 14 June 1982, two days later, on 16 June 1982, James Honeyman-Scott died of heart failure as a result of cocaine intolerance. Farndon was in the midst of forming a new band with former Clash drummer Topper Headon, after taking heroin and passing out, Farndon drowned in his bathtub, leaving the Pretenders with two living members. The song was released in October and became their biggest success in the US, the singles B-side, My City Was Gone is now the theme music for The Rush Limbaugh Show. Hynde then set up a permanent lineup for the band, keeping Chambers and adding Robbie McIntosh on guitar. Middle of the Road was this line-ups first single, released in the US in November 1983, the US B-side,2000 Miles, was released as a single in the UK
15.
Kick (INXS album)
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At the 1988 MTV Video Music Awards, the band took home five Moonmen for the Need You Tonight/Mediate video. The album was produced by Chris Thomas and recorded by David Nicholas in Sydney, Australia, the album was mixed by Bob Clearmountain at Air Studios in London. They said there was no way they could get this music on rock radio and they said it was suited for black radio, but they didnt want to promote it that way. The president of the label told me hed give us $1 million to go back to Australia. It was an upbeat, confident album that yielded four Top 10 US singles, New Sensation, Never Tear Us Apart, Devil Inside, need You Tonight peaked No.2 on the UK charts, No.3 in Australia, and No.10 in France. They toured heavily behind the album throughout 1987 and 1988, the video for the 1987 INXS track Mediate replicated the format of Bob Dylans video for Subterranean Homesick Blues, even in its use of apparently deliberate errors. In September 1988 the band won 5 categories in the MTV Video Music Awards with the video for Need You Tonight/Mediate. It was stated on a disc that the name of the album was considered halfway through production when it was seen that the word Kick was featured in a couple of tracks at that point. There was also the appeal that the word had four letters like the band name. During the second half of the production a song of the name was written. During 1989, Hutchence collaborated with Ian Ollie Olsen on a project, Max Q. The rest of the band took a break to work on side projects. In 2002 Rhino Entertainment released a reissue of Kick, with four previously unreleased bonus tracks. Mercury/Universal reissued the album in 2004 as part of their Deluxe Edition series of albums, the two-disc collection was bolstered by a disc of remixes, B-sides and outtakes. Kick is the bands best-selling album and Recording Industry Association of America certified it as 6× Platinum, with shipments of six million units, according to INXS, Story to Story, The Official Autobiography it has sold more than 10 million copies in the US alone. In March 2010, as part of his Record Club series where he covers classic albums in their entirety, the videos were submitted weekly in the same track order as the original release, although the whole album was recorded in just twelve hours on 3 March. In October, it was listed at No.11 in the book,100 Best Australian Albums, allMusics Steve Huey described the album as an impeccably crafted pop tour de force, the band succeeding at everything they try. Robert Christgau describes INXS as silly middlebrow hacks but acknowledges that Kick delivered danceable rock, Australian rock music historian, Ian McFarlane, advises that it became the bands most enduring release by mixing the hard rock sound of Thieves with a looser approach to dance grooves
16.
Harmonica
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There are many types of harmonica, including diatonic, chromatic, tremolo, octave, orchestral, and bass versions. A harmonica is played by using the mouth to direct air into or out of one or more holes along a mouthpiece, behind each hole is a chamber containing at least one reed. A harmonica reed is a flat elongated spring typically made of brass, stainless steel, or bronze, when the free end is made to vibrate by the players air, it alternately blocks and unblocks the airway to produce sound. Reeds are pre-tuned to individual pitches, tuning may involve changing a reeds length, the weight near its free end, or the stiffness near its fixed end. Longer, heavier and springier reeds produce deeper, lower sounds, an important technique in performance is bending, causing a drop in pitch by making embouchure adjustments. Such two-reed pitch changes actually involve sound production by the normally silent reed, the basic parts of the harmonica are the comb, reed plates and cover plates. The comb is the body of the instrument, which. The term comb may originate from the similarity between this part of a harmonica and a hair comb, Harmonica combs were traditionally made from wood but now are also made from plastic or metal. Some modern and experimental designs are complex in the way that they direct the air. There is dispute among players about whether comb material affects the tone of a harmonica, among those saying yes are those who are convinced by their ears. Few dispute, however, that comb surface smoothness and air-tightness when mated with the reedplates can greatly affect tone, the main advantage of a particular comb material over another one is its durability. In particular, a comb can absorb moisture from the players breath. This can cause the comb to expand slightly, making the instrument uncomfortable to play, various types of wood and treatments have been devised to reduce the degree of this problem. Much effort is devoted by serious players to restoring wood combs, some players used to soak wooden-combed harmonicas in water to cause a slight expansion, which they intended to make the seal between the comb, reed plates and covers more airtight. Modern wooden-combed harmonicas are less prone to swelling and contracting, players still dip harmonicas in water for the way it affects tone and ease of bending notes. The reed plate is a grouping of several reeds in a single housing, the reeds are usually made of brass, but steel, aluminium and plastic are occasionally used. Individual reeds are usually riveted to the plate, but they may also be welded or screwed in place. Reeds fixed on the side of the reed plate respond to blowing
17.
Suicide Blonde
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Suicide Blonde is the first single from the INXS album X. It reached the top 10 on the US Hot 100 and Australia in 1990, the song was written by Michael Hutchence and Andrew Farriss of the group INXS, after the band had gotten back together after a year-long sabbatical in 1989. The song was named after a woman who had bleached her own hair because she had dyed by her own hand and it is rumoured that Hutchences then-girlfriend, Kylie Minogue, gave him the inspiration for the title while working on her 1989 film The Delinquents. Minogue was required to dye her hair blonde for the role and was quoted by Hutchence in an interview in 89 as saying Im going suicide blonde today. The recording of Suicide Blonde showed some new and older influences on INXS, jon Farrisss drums show the influence of dance music especially the acid house sounds popular in the UK. Similarly, the blues harp intro on the track, performed by Charlie Musselwhite, was sampled rather than recorded live. The main riff in the song is a rework of the driving funk riff in the bands 1984 single Original Sin, produced by Nile Rodgers - same key. This has come to be known as Rodgers signature riff and can be heard from the 1970s heyday of Chic to the mid 1980s Duran Duran pop hit Notorious, also produced by Rodgers. The track became poignant after Hutchence committed suicide on 22 November 1997, kym Wilson also became known as the Suicide Blonde in the tabloids. The track was released in September 1990 throughout the world, in the US, the track reached a peak of #9 on the Billboard Hot 100 and topped both the modern rock and mainstream rock charts. A dance remix of the track received airplay on US top 40 stations. In the UK, the reached a peak of #11 while it reached #2 in their homeland of Australia1. Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
18.
Disappear (INXS song)
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Disappear is a single by INXS, the second single taken from their album X. It peaked at #8 on the Billboard Hot 100, becoming the bands seventh and it was a lesser hit in the UK Singles Chart, peaking at #21. The song was written by Jon Farriss and Michael Hutchence while they were living together in Hong Kong in 1989, the B-sides were a Coldcut remix of their 1985 hit What You Need and a solo composition, Middle Beast, written and performed by bassist Garry Beers. Dutch 7 Disappear Middle Beast UK CDS Disappear Disappear Extended 12 Mix What You Need Australian MAXI CD Disappear Disappear Extended 12 Mix Middle Beast What You Need
19.
By My Side (INXS song)
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By My Side is a single by Australian band INXS, the third UK single and fourth Australian single taken from their album X. The song is a piano, strings and acoustic guitar-based ballad with a big chorus, the song was written by Andrew Farriss and Michael Hutchence as part of the 1990 sessions for the X album. By My Side peaked at #42 on the UK Singles Chart, along with Never Tear Us Apart, By My Side was one of two INXS songs played at the funeral of frontman Michael Hutchence following his suicide on 22 November 1997. By My Side was used in commercials for Australian insurer NRMA from 2002–2008, the song also appeared in the final episode of the Moviecity TV series Lynch. In February 2014, after the Channel 7 screening of INXS, Never Tear Us Apart mini-series and it peaked at #67 on the ARIA Singles Chart
20.
Michael Hutchence
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Michael Kelland John Hutchence was an Australian musician and actor. He was a member, lead singer and lyricist of rock band INXS from 1977 until his death in 1997. He was a member of short-lived pop rock group Max Q and he acted in feature films, including Dogs in Space, Frankenstein Unbound and Limp. According to rock-music historian Ian McFarlane, Hutchence was the archetypal rock showman and he exuded an overtly sexual, macho cool with his flowing locks, and lithe and exuberant stage movements. Hutchence won the Best International Artist at the 1991 BRIT Awards with INXS winning the related group award and his private life was often reported in the Australian and international press, with a string of love affairs with prominent actresses, models and singers. Hutchences relationship with UK television presenter Paula Yates began while she was married to musician, Geldof and Yates divorced in 1996. During July of the year, Hutchence and Yates had a daughter. On the morning of 22 November 1997, Hutchence was found dead in his room in Sydney. His death was reported by the New South Wales Coroner to be the result of suicide, in 2000, Yates died of a heroin overdose. The couples daughter was placed in Geldofs custody with her half-sisters, Michael Kelland John Hutchence was born on 22 January 1960, the son of Sydney businessman Kelland Hutchence, and make-up artist, Patricia. Hutchence was of Irish ancestry from his mothers side, Patricias father was from County Cork in Ireland, during the early years in Hong Kong, both boys attended Beacon Hill School in Kowloon Tong. While in Hong Kong, Michael showed a lot of promise in a possible swimming career before breaking his arm badly. He then began to show interest in poetry and performed his first song in a toy store commercial. The family returned to Sydney in 1972, buying a house in Belrose near the Northern Beaches when Michael was 12 years old, Michael attended Davidson High School, where he met Andrew Farriss and they became good friends. Around this time, Hutchence and Farriss would spend a lot of time jamming in the garage with Andrews brothers, Farriss then convinced Hutchence to join his band, Doctor Dolphin, alongside two classmates, Kent Kerny and Neil Sanders. From nearby Forest High School, bass guitarist Garry Beers and Geoff Kennelly on drums filled out the line-up, the boys transferred to Davidson High School where they became serious about the idea of starting a proper band. Hutchences parents separated when he was 15, in 1976 for a short time, Hutchence later returned to Sydney with his mother. In 1977, a new band, The Farriss Brothers, was formed with Tim Farriss on lead guitar, his younger brother Andrew as keyboardist, and youngest brother Jon on drums
21.
Kylie Minogue
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Kylie Ann Minogue, OBE, often known simply as Kylie, is an Australian singer, songwriter, dancer and actress. She achieved recognition starring in the Australian soap opera Neighbours, where she played tomboy mechanic Charlene Robinson, since then, Minogue has been a recording artist and has achieved commercial success and critical acclaim in the entertainment industry. Minogue has been recognised with several nicknames including Princess of Pop. She is recognised as the highest-selling Australian artist of all time by the Australian Recording Industry Association, born and raised in Melbourne, Australia, Minogue has for many years worked and lived in London. She signed to PWL in 1987 and released her first studio album Kylie the next year, in 1992, she left PWL and signed with Deconstruction Records and where she created her self-titled studio album and Impossible Princess, both of which received positive reviews from critics. Returning to more mainstream dance-oriented music, Minogue signed to Parlophone and her 2001 single Cant Get You Out of My Head became one of the most successful singles during the 2000s, selling over ten million units. It is recognised as her song and was named the catchiest song ever by Yahoo. Her album Fever was a hit in countries, including the United States. In 2005, while Minogue was on her Showgirl, The Greatest Hits Tour, after treatment, she resumed the tour under the title Showgirl, The Homecoming Tour, which critics viewed as a triumph. Minogue resumed work as an actress and appeared in the films Moulin Rouge, Jack & Diane, and Holy Motors. In 2014, she appeared as a judge on the series of The Voice UK. Her other ventures include product endorsements, children books and fashion, as of 2015, Minogue has had worldwide record sales of more than 80 million. She has mounted several successful and critically acclaimed concert world tours and she was appointed OBE by Charles, Prince of Wales in 2008. She was appointed by the French government as a Chevalier of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres for her contribution to the enrichment of French culture, Minogue was awarded an honorary Doctor of Health Science degree by Anglia Ruskin University for her work in raising awareness for breast cancer. In November 2011, on the 25th anniversary of the ARIA Music Awards, in December 2016, Billboard ranked her as the 18th most successful dance artist of all-time. Kylie was born to Ronald Charles Minogue and Carol Ann Jones in Melbourne, Australia and her father is a fifth generation Australian, and has Irish ancestry, while her mother came from Maesteg, Wales. Jones had lived in Wales until age ten when her mother and father, Millie and Denis Jones, just before Kylies birth, Ron qualified as an accountant and worked through several jobs while Carol worked as a professional dancer. Kylies younger brother, Brendan, is a cameraman in Australia, while her younger sister Dannii Minogue is also a singer
22.
Wembley Stadium (1923)
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The Original Wembley Stadium was a football stadium located in Wembley Park, London. It stood on the now occupied by its successor, the new Wembley Stadium. The great Brazilian footballer Pelé once said of the stadium, Wembley is the cathedral of football and it is the capital of football and it is the heart of football in recognition of its status as the worlds best-known football stadium. It also hosted music events, including the 1985 Live Aid charity concert. The twin towers were an icon for England and Wembley, debris from the Original Wembley Stadium was used to make the award-winning Northala Fields in Northolt, Ealing. The stadiums first turf was cut by King George V, much of Humphrey Reptons original Wembley Park landscape was transformed in 1922–23 during preparations for the British Empire Exhibition of 1924–25. First known as the British Empire Exhibition Stadium or simply Empire Stadium, the stadium cost £750,000, and was constructed on the site of an earlier folly called Watkins Tower. The architects were Sir John Simpson and Maxwell Ayrton and the Head Engineer Sir Owen Williams, the stadium had gone into liquidation, after it was pronounced financially unviable. Elvin offered to buy the stadium for £127,000, using a £12,000 downpayment and they then immediately bought it back from Elvin, leaving him with a healthy profit. Instead of cash he received shares, which gave him the largest stake in Wembley Stadium, the electric scoreboard and the all-encircling roof, made from aluminium and translucent glass, were added in 1963. The stadiums distinctive Twin Towers became its trademark and nickname, also well known were the 39 steps needed to be climbed to reach the Royal box and collect a trophy. Wembley was the first pitch to be referred to as Hallowed Turf, in 1934, the Empire Pool was built nearby. The Wembley Stadium Collection is held by the National Football Museum, the stadium closed in October 2000, and demolition commenced in December 2002, completing in 2003 for redevelopment. The top of one of the towers was erected as a memorial in the park on the north side of Overton Close in the Saint Raphaels Estate. Wembley is best known for hosting football matches, having hosted the FA Cup Final annually as well as numerous England International fixtures, the Empire Stadium was built in exactly 300 days at the cost of £750,000. Described as the worlds greatest sporting arena, it was ready only 4 days before the White Horse Final in 1923, the FA had not considered admission by ticket, grossly underestimating the number of fans who arrived at the 104 gates on match day. However, after the game, every event, apart from the 1982 replay, was ticketed, the first event held at the stadium was the FA Cup Final on 28 April 1923 between Bolton Wanderers and West Ham United. This is known as the White Horse Final, the crowds overflowed onto the pitch as there was no room on the terraces
23.
AllMusic
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AllMusic is an online music guide service website. It was launched in 1991 by All Media Guide which later became All Media Network, AllMusic was launched in 1991 by Michael Erlewine of All Media Guide. The aim was to discographic information on every artist whos made a record since Enrico Caruso gave the industry its first big boost and its first reference book was published the following year. When first released onto the Internet, AMG predated the World Wide Web and was first available as a Gopher site, the AMG consumer web properties AllMusic. com, AllMovie. com and AllGame. com were sold by Rovi in July 2013 to All Media Network, LLC. All Media Network, LLC. was formed by the founders of SideReel. com. The following are contributors to AllMusic, as of this date, All Media Network also produced the AllMusic guide series that includes the AllMusic Guide to Rock, the All Music Guide to Jazz and the All Music Guide to the Blues. Vladimir Bogdanov is the president of the series, in August 2007, PC Magazine included AllMusic in its Top 100 Classic Websites list. All Media Network AllGame AllMovie SideReel All Music Guide to the Blues All Music Guide to Jazz Stephen Thomas Erlewine Official website
24.
Rolling Stone
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Rolling Stone is an American biweekly magazine that focuses on popular culture. It was founded in San Francisco in 1967 by Jann Wenner, who is still the publisher. It was first known for its coverage and for political reporting by Hunter S. Thompson. In the 1990s, the magazine shifted focus to a readership interested in youth-oriented television shows, film actors. In recent years, it has resumed its traditional mix of content, Rolling Stone magazine was founded in San Francisco in 1967 by Jann Wenner and Ralph Gleason. To get it off the ground, Wenner borrowed $7,500 from his own family and from the parents of his soon-to-be wife, Jane Schindelheim. The first issue carried a date of November 9,1967. Some authors have attributed the name solely to Dylans hit single, At Gleasons suggestion, Rolling Stone initially identified with and reported the hippie counterculture of the era. In the very first edition, Wenner wrote that Rolling Stone is not just about the music, in the 1970s, Rolling Stone began to make a mark with its political coverage, with the likes of gonzo journalist Hunter S. Thompson writing for the magazines political section. Thompson first published his most famous work Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas within the pages of Rolling Stone, where he remained a contributing editor until his death in 2005. In the 1970s, the magazine also helped launch the careers of prominent authors, including Cameron Crowe, Lester Bangs, Joe Klein, Joe Eszterhas, Patti Smith. It was at point that the magazine ran some of its most famous stories. One interviewer, speaking for a number of his peers, said that he bought his first copy of the magazine upon initial arrival on his college campus. In 1977, the magazine moved its headquarters from San Francisco to New York City, editor Jann Wenner said San Francisco had become a cultural backwater. During the 1980s, the magazine began to shift towards being an entertainment magazine. Music was still a dominant topic, but there was increasing coverage of celebrities in television, films, the magazine also initiated its annual Hot Issue during this time. Rolling Stone was initially known for its coverage and for Thompsons political reporting. In the 1990s, the changed its format to appeal to a younger readership interested in youth-oriented television shows, film actors
25.
Molly Meldrum
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Ian Alexander Molly Meldrum AM is an Australian popular music critic, journalist, record producer and musical entrepreneur. On 15 December 2011, Meldrum had a fall from a ladder in the backyard of his Melbourne home. He was placed under care in a critical condition at the Alfred Hospital and had surgery for his head. By April 2012 he had recovered enough to give interviews and resume work duties, Meldrum has featured on the Australian music scene since the mid-1960s, first with his writing for Go-Set, a weekly teen newspaper, then his tenure with Countdown and subsequent media contributions. As a record producer he worked on top ten hits for Russell Morris, Ronnie Burns, Colleen Hewett, Supernaut, Meldrum hosted Oz for Africa in July 1985, the Australian leg of Live Aid. In January of the year he was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia, with the citation for service to the fostering of international relief. In 2014, Meldrum was inducted into the ARIA Hall of Fame, together with his TV show, Countdown, earlier that year he published his autobiography, The Never, Um. Ever Ending Story, Life, Countdown and Everything in Between, Ian Alexander Meldrum was born in Orbost, Victoria, on 29 January 1943. His father was Robert Meldrum, a farmer from Caniambo and then a World War 2 army sergeant – who served with the A. I. F. in Port Moresby –, the couple married on 17 August 1940, two months after Roberts enlistment. Meldrums younger brothers are Brian and Robert, Meldrum moved around during childhood and grew up largely with one of his grandmothers in Quambatook where he attended the local primary school alongside future country music artist, John Williamson. He also stayed with a number of aunts and was raised in the traditions of the Church of England and he developed a musical interest in Gilbert & Sullivan and Verdi. Meldrums father later ran a store in Kyabram. His mother had periodic hospitalisations for mental illness including some years at Larundel Mental Asylum, in the early 1960s Meldrum arrived in Melbourne where he briefly attended Taylors College. Initially intending to become a disc jockey he studied at a radio school and he would go to University of Melbourne – without formally enrolling – carrying law books, to eat lunch with the law students, I hung around, I wouldnt even say I got into a course. Soon after, he had moved in with the family of his friend, Ronnie Burns. Meldrum had followed Burns to the home and asked, Is there any chance I could come and live with you. What had started as a stay with the Burns family became nine years. During The Beatles tour of Australia in June 1964, Meldrum was captured by TV cameras climbing atop the bonnet of their car shortly after arrival at Melbourne airport, later, he and Burns were ejected from The Beatles Melbourne concert for being too enthusiastic
26.
ARIA Charts
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The ARIA Charts are the main Australian music sales charts, issued weekly by the Australian Recording Industry Association. The charts are a record of the highest selling singles and albums in various genres in Australia, ARIA became the official Australian music chart in June 1988, succeeding the Kent Music Report which had been Australias national charts since 1974. The Go-Set charts were Australias first national singles and albums charts published from 5 October 1966 until 24 August 1974, succeeding Go-Set, the Kent Music Report began issuing the national top 100 charts in Australia from May 1974. The compiler, David Kent, also published Australias national charts from 1940–1974 in a retrospective fashion using state based data, in mid 1983, the Australian Recording Industry Association commenced licensing the Kent Music Report chart. The first printed national top 50 chart available in record stores, ARIA began compiling its own charts in-house from the chart dated week ending 26 June 1988. Various artists compilation albums were included in the albums chart, as they had been on the Kent Report chart, until 2 July 1989. The ARIA Report, detailing the top 100 singles and albums charts, was first available via subscription in January 1990, the printed top 50 chart ceased publication in June 1998, but resumed publication later in the year. The printed top 50 chart again ceased publication at the end of 2000, the ARIA charts are based on data collected from physical and digital retailers in Australia. Data of physical sales come from such as Sanity and JB Hi-Fi, while data of digital sales come from online retailers such as iTunes, Bandit FM, GetMusic. Since 17 February 1997, all physical sales data contributing towards the chart has been recorded electronically at point of sale. In March 1991, Do the Bartman by The Simpsons was the first single to reach #1 in Australia that was not available on 7 inch vinyl, but cassingle only. Starting from 8 October 2006, due to low physical single sales at the time, in 2006, it was announced that the Brazin retailing group, comprising major retailers HMV, Sanity and Virgin music/DVD stores would no longer contribute sales data to the ARIA charts. However, after an absence, Brazin reportedly re-commenced contributing sales figures to the ARIA Charts on 26 November 2006. The ARIA website publishes the top 50 singles and albums charts, top 40 digital tracks chart, the ARIA Report lists all charts in full and is available via paid e-mail subscription each week. These reports are uploaded to the Pandora Archive periodically, on 5 February 2006, the ARIA Chart Show was a radio program launched on the Nova network and broadcast throughout Australia, playing the official ARIA top 50 singles. The live music program was hosted by Jabba each Sunday afternoon at 3, the show was aired before the top 50 chart, dated for the following Monday, is published on the ARIA website at 6,00 pm. The charts were published online at 6,00 pm each Sunday. The diamond certification was created for albums in November 2015 to mark 500,000 sales/shipments, for music DVDs, a gold accreditation originally represented 7,500 copies shipped, with a platinum accreditation representing 15,000 units shipped. co. uk
27.
UK Albums Chart
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The UK Albums Chart is a list of albums ranked by physical and digital sales and audio streaming in the United Kingdom. It was published for the first time on 22 July 1956 and is compiled every week by the Official Charts Company on Fridays and it is broadcast on BBC Radio 1 and published in Music Week magazine, and on the OCC website. To qualify for the Official Albums Chart the album must be the correct length and it must be more than three tracks or 20 minutes long and not be classed as a budget album. A budget album costs between £0.50 and £3.75, additionally, various artist compilations – which until January 1989 were included in the main album listing – are now listed separately in a compilations chart. Full details of the rules can be found on the OCC website. In the 1970s the new chart was revealed at 12,45 pm on Thursdays on BBC Radio 1. Since October 1993 it has included in The Official Chart show from 4,00 –5,45 pm on Fridays. A weekly Album Chart show was licensed out to BBC Radio 2 and presented by Simon Mayo,2005 saw a record number of artist album sales with 126.2 million sold in the UK. In February 2015, it was announced that, due to the sales of albums and rise in popularity of audio streaming. Under the revised methodology, the Official Charts Company takes the 12 most streamed tracks from one album, the total of these streams is divided by 1000 and added to the pure sales of the album. This calculation was designed to ensure that the chart continues to reflect the popularity of the albums themselves. The final number one album on the UK Albums Chart to be based purely on sales alone was Smoke + Mirrors by Imagine Dragons, on 1 March 2015, In the Lonely Hour by Sam Smith became the first album to top the new streaming-incorporated Official Albums Chart. The most successful artists in the charts depends on the criteria used, as of February 2016, Queen albums have spent more time on the British album charts than any other musical act, followed by The Beatles, Elvis Presley, U2 and ABBA. By most weeks at one, however, The Beatles lead with a total of 174 weeks. The male solo artist with the most weeks at one is Presley with a total of 66 weeks. Presley also holds the record for the most number one albums by a solo artist and most top ten albums by any artist. Madonna has the most number one albums by a female artist in the UK, though this includes the Evita film soundtrack which was a cast recording, Adele is the female solo artist with the most weeks at number one, with a total of 37 weeks. Queens Greatest Hits is the album in UK chart history with 6 million copies sold as of February 2014
28.
Billboard 200
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The Billboard 200 is a record chart ranking the 200 most popular music albums and EPs in the United States, published weekly by Billboard magazine. It is frequently used to convey the popularity of an artist or groups of artists, often, a recording act will be remembered by its number ones, those of their albums that outperformed all others during at least one week. The chart is based mostly on sales of albums in the United States, the weekly sales period was originally Monday to Sunday when Nielsen started tracking sales in 1991, but since July 2015, tracking week begins on Friday and ends on Thursday. A new chart is published the following Tuesday with an issue post-dated to the Saturday of the following week, the charts streaming schedule is also tracked from Friday to Thursday. Example, Friday January 1 – sales tracking week begins Thursday January 7 – sales tracking week ends Tuesday January 12 – new chart published, New product is released to the American market on Fridays. Digital downloads of albums are included in Billboard 200 tabulation. Albums that are not licensed for sale in the United States are not eligible to chart. As of the issue dated April 15,2017, the album on the Billboard 200 is More Life by Drake. Billboard began an album chart in 1945, initially only five positions long, the album chart was not published on a weekly basis, sometimes three to seven weeks passing before it was updated. A biweekly, 15-position Best-Selling Popular Albums chart appeared in 1955, the position count varied anywhere from 10 to 30 albums. The first number-one album on the new weekly list was Belafonte by Harry Belafonte, the chart was renamed to Best-Selling Pop Albums later in 1956, and then to Best-Selling Pop LPs in 1957. Beginning on May 25,1959, Billboard split the ranking into two charts Best-Selling Stereophonic LPs for stereo albums and Best-Selling Monophonic LPs for mono albums and these were renamed to Stereo Action Charts and Mono Action Charts in 1960. In January 1961, they became Action Albums—Stereophonic and Action Albums—Monophonic, three months later, they became Top LPs—Stereo and Top LPs—Monaural. On August 17,1963 the stereo and mono charts were combined into a 150-position chart called Top LPs, on April 1,1967, the chart was expanded to 175 positions, then finally to 200 positions on May 13,1967. In 1960, Billboard began concurrently publishing album charts which ranked sales of older or mid-priced titles and these Essential Inventory charts were divided by stereo and mono albums, and featured titles that had already appeared on the main stereo and mono album charts. In January 1961, the Action Charts became Action Albums—Monophonic, Albums appeared on either chart for up to nine weeks, then were moved to an Essential Inventory list of approximately 200 titles, with no numerical ranking. This list continued to be published until the consolidated Top LPs chart debuted in 1963, in 1982, Billboard began publishing a Midline Albums chart which ranked older or mid-priced titles. The chart held 50 positions and was published on a bi-weekly basis, on May 25,1991, Billboard premiered the Top Pop Catalog Albums chart
29.
New Sensation
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New Sensation is a song by the Australian rock group INXS. It was the single from their 1987 album Kick. The music was written by Andrew Farriss and the lyrics by Michael Hutchence. The song reached no.3 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States, no.9 in Australia, no.25 in the UK, the song features a signature Kirk Pengilly sax solo and lyrics about a partying lifestyle. The first line Live, baby, live, was referenced in the title of the bands 1991 release Live Baby Live. INXS performed the song at the 2010 AFL Grand Final, J. D. Fortune, along with Suicide Blonde and it was later covered by Welsh band The Automatic at the final performance at the venue in 2009. In February 2014, after the Channel 7 screening of INXS, Never Tear Us Apart mini-series and it peaked at no.56 on the ARIA Singles Chart. Their rendition was received positively by Hot Press magazine, which wrote that the song had been well, lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
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Mystify (song)
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Mystify is a song by Australian rock band INXS and is the fifth single from their 1987 album Kick. The song was written by Andrew Farriss and Michael Hutchence as part of the first sessions for Kick, the song was first previewed to Australian audiences on the Australian Made tour in January 1987. The B-sides include remixes and LP versions of previous INXS songs, the German edition of the CD single included the 12 vinyl versions of Shine Like It Does and Never Tear Us Apart from the 1988 US Tour. The video then cuts to the recording and then performing the track to a live audience. It was directed by Richard Lowenstein and produced by Hamish Hulk Cameron, in 2004, German DJ Mellow Trax remixed the song. His version peaked at no.74 in Germany
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Need You Tonight
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Need You Tonight is the fourth song on INXSs 1987 album Kick as well as the first single from the album released worldwide. It is the only INXS single to reach No.1 on the Billboard Hot 100, on its first run on the UK Charts in October 1987, it stalled at No.58. While it would become the bands signature song, it was one of the last songs recorded for the album. In February 2014, after the Channel 7 screening of the INXS, Never Tear Us Apart mini-series and it peaked at No.28 on the ARIA Singles Chart. He asked the cab driver to wait a couple of minutes while he grabbed something from his motel room, in fact, he went up to record the riff and came back down an hour later with a tape to a very annoyed driver. The song is a more electronic track than most of the bands material before or after, combining sequencers with regular drum tracks. To approximate the sound on the track, the band often utilizes click tracks for a frequent synthesizer chord as well as rim shots heard throughout the song. On the Kick album, the song is linked to the next song, on some compilations, the two tunes appear together and on others, only Need You Tonight appears. The music video combined live action and different kinds of animation, directed by Richard Lowenstein, the video was actually Need You Tonight / Mediate, as it combined two songs from the album. For Mediate, it segues into a tribute to Bob Dylans Subterranean Homesick Blues, the members flip cue cards with words from the song, the last one displays the words Sax Solo, at which point Kirk Pengilly starts a saxophone solo. The video won five MTV Video Music Awards including 1988 Video of The Year and was ranked at number twenty-one on MTVs countdown of the 100 greatest videos of all time. The song was renamed One of My Kind, where it reached No.10 on the Australian Top 100 Singles Chart, One of My Kind is the second single released by the Rogue Traders for their debut album We Know What Youre Up To. The music video is set in a party where the lizard on the single cover wanders around looking for a girl of his kind. The two sit together and he sings the line one of my kind before the video ends. The single also topped the ARIA Dance chart, in 1998, Jive Bunny and the Mastermixers covered the song for her medley Rock The Party. Canadian singer Jacynthe covered this song in 2003 for her album Seize the Day, lostprophets covered this song on The Fake Sound of Progress CD single. Australian singer Gilli Moon covered this song in 2003 on her album Woman as a slower arrangement. Cassettes Wont Listen covered the song for the Guilt by Association Vol.2 compilation, crimpshrine has a live cover of this song on the Benecia By the Bay Compilation
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Mediate (song)
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Mediate is a song by INXS from their 1987 album, Kick. On the album, the segues from their big hit single. The song has the distinction of having almost every line rhyme with the word ate, according to the liner notes of the remastered Kick, Andrew Farriss received help from Michael Hutchence with the lyrics. In return, Farriss helped Hutchence with the lyrics to Guns in the Sky, and a compromise was reached, Farriss received sole credit on Mediate, the song was never released as a single, but there was a video for it, which followed Need You Tonight. Both the video and the song pay homage to Bob Dylans Subterranean Homesick Blues, as the members flip cue cards with words from the song on them, beneath the lyric a special date in the Mediate portion of the video, the cue card shown reads 9-8-1945. This refers to the date 9 August 1945, which was the date the atomic bomb, codenamed Fat Man, was dropped on Nagasaki, Japan. As the date is in the little endian format, with the day first and month second, the cards contain multiple spelling mistakes, E. G. Facinate which should have been Fascinate, further emulating Dylans video, in 2010, Mediate was re-recorded by INXS and featured Tricky on vocals. The song was remixed by Ralphi Rosario, the recording was originally released on the bands twelfth studio album, Original Sin. On 29 July 2011, a promotional, three-track single was released through Petrol Electric/Atco Records to U. S. Billboard, the disc contained three different remix versions of Mediate all done by Rosario. 16 September 2011, the peaked at #5 on the Billboard dance chart. 20 September 2011, an official, three-track single entitled Mediate, the MP3 album had the same track listing as the aforementioned promo disc. Additional promotional remixes were released to Billboard Dance Chart reporters, entitled The Empulsive Naked Highway Mixes by Reed McGowan, all tracks are remixed by Ralphi Rosario and feature Tricky on vocals. INXS - Mediate on YouTube INXS Featuring Tricky - Mediate at Discogs INXS featuring Tricky - Mediate on YouTube
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The Stairs (song)
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The Stairs is the fifth single by INXS taken from their album X. It was only released in The Netherlands to coincide with the release of the Live Baby Live album and as such is an extremely rare. The song was written by Andrew Farriss and Michael Hutchence as part of the sessions for the X album in 1990, Michael Hutchence explained in an interview with Newsday in February 1991, that The Stairs is the most ambitious song Ive ever written. The tune is about singular city life, Building to building / street to street, Andrew Farris spoke about the track in an interview with Spin in 1990, explaining that the song deals with people in highly urbanized environments not communicating. We should have town squares like they used to have people go to these little socially instituted environments where its fashionable. Personally, I dont think fashion and trends are going to solve the worlds problems. The song was used by CBS-TV over the credits at the end of their broadcast coverage of the 1994 Winter Olympics. Netherlands CDS Tracks, The Stairs The Stairs The One Thing
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Never Tear Us Apart
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Never Tear Us Apart is a single released by Australian rock group INXS in August 1988. It was included on the sixth studio album, Kick. The music was written by keyboardist Andrew Farriss, who recorded a blues-style demo, Never Tear Us Apart is a sensuous ballad, written in the tempo of a modern Viennese waltz, layered with synthesizers and containing dramatic pauses before the instrumental breaks. Kirk Pengilly lends a cathartic saxophone solo near the end, according to the liner notes of Shine Like It Does, The Anthology, the song was composed on piano as a bluesy number in the style of Fats Domino. Producer Chris Thomas suggested a synth-based arrangement instead, the video for the song, featuring an extended intro, was filmed in various locations in Prague along with Guns in the Sky and New Sensation, all directed by Richard Lowenstein. The single reached #24 in the UK, and stayed on the charts for seven weeks, in the U. S. it reached #7 on the Billboard Hot 100. The song was used in the sequence of Donnie Darko. It would have featured in the original release had the rights for it not been deemed too expensive by the producers. In 2006, the song was voted Nations Favourite Lyric by viewers of pay TV music channel VH1 in Australia. The song has been adopted by The Squadron, the Newcastle United Jets supporter group and this is in homage to the line, cause we all have wings, but some of us dont know why, used now in reference to the Jets symbol of their club. The song, sung by Emma Louise, was included in a campaign for South Australian Tourism Commission. In February 2014, after the Channel 7 screening of INXS, Never Tear Us Apart mini-series and it peaked at #11 on the ARIA Singles Chart, surpassing its original peak position of #14 back in 1988. Tom Jones covered this song in his album Reload, the song was also covered by Joe Cocker for his 2002 album Respect Yourself. Bono, a friend of Hutchence, sometimes snippets the chorus during live performances of several U2 songs. The hardcore band, This Is Hell, covered the track on their 2009 EP Warbirds, Never Tear Us Apart was also covered by 2010 X Factor Australia winner Altiyan Childs for his self-titled debut album. In 2011, punk rock supergroup Me First and the Gimme Gimmes recorded a cover of the song on their all Australian covers EP, the Vitamin String Quartet covered the song in the 100th episode of Gossip Girl. Beck with St. Vincent on vocals, recorded a cover of the song in May 2010 for Becks Record Club, the Horrible Crowes recorded a cover version live on Sirius XM radio, that was used as the b-side to their single Ladykiller. In June 2012, American singer Carrie Underwood covered the song during one of the shows of the Australian leg of her Blown Away World Tour, also in 2012, Indie/Folk artist Cary Brothers covered the song as the opening track of his EP Covers Volume One
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What You Need (song)
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What You Need is a song recorded by the Australian band INXS. It is the track from their 1985 album, Listen Like Thieves. After the album Listen Like Thieves was recorded and ready to be given to the label for inspection. As Andrew Farriss recalled in a 2005 interview, What You Need is another example of a hit that essentially took no time at all. Wed already finished the Listen Like Thieves album but Chris Thomas told us there was still no hit and we left the studio that night knowing we had one day left and we had to deliver a hit. The bands performance on that track is amazing, the song was covered by Weird Al Yankovic in his 1986 polka Polka Party. A remixed version of What You Need was featured in the soundtrack of video game FIFA Football 2005. The music video for the song was created using a technique known as rotoscope. At the Countdown Music and Video Awards for 1985, the award for Best Video for What You Need by INXS was shared by Richard Lowenstein and Lyn-Marie Milbourn. UK7 INXS12 What You Need Sweet As Sin UK12 Single INXS512 What You Need Remix - Nick Launay Sweet As Sin What You Need The One Thing
