Lois Lane

Lois Lane
Art by Gary Frank
Publication information
Publisher	DC Comics
First appearance	Action Comics #1 (June 1938)
Created by	Jerry Siegel Joe Shuster
In-story information
Team affiliations	Daily Planet Galaxy Communications
Partnerships	Clark Kent Jimmy Olsen
Supporting character of	Superman Superboy
Notable aliases	Superwoman Red Tornado

Lois Lane is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. Created by writer Jerry Siegel and artist Joe Shuster, she first appeared in Action Comics #1 (June 1938). Lois is a reporter for the Metropolis newspaper, the Daily Planet, an award-winning journalist and the primary love interest of the superhero Superman.

Her physical appearance was originally based on Joanne Carter, a model hired by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster, and Siegel's future wife, for her character, Siegel was inspired by actress Glenda Farrell, the movie star who portrayed Torchy Blane—a gutsy, beautiful headline-hunting reporter, starring in a series of 1930s films. Siegel took her name from actress Lola Lane,^[1][2] she was also influenced by the real-life journalist Nellie Bly.^[3]

Depictions of the character have varied spanning the comics and other media adaptations, the original Golden Age version of Lois Lane, as well as versions of her from the 1970s onwards, portrays Lois as a tough-as-nails journalist and intellectually equal to Superman. During the Silver Age of Comics, she was the star of Superman's Girl Friend, Lois Lane, a comic book series that had a light and humorous tone. Beginning in 2015, she stars as the protagonist in the young adult novel series, Lois Lane, by writer Gwenda Bond.

Lois is among the best-known female comic book characters, she has appeared in various Superman media adaptations. Actress Noel Neill first portrayed Lois Lane in the 1940s Superman film series and late reprise her role in the 1950s television series Adventures of Superman. Margot Kidder played the character in four Superman films in the 1970s and '80s. Teri Hatcher portrayed her in the 1990s television series Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman and Erica Durance in the '00s series, Smallville. In the 2006 film Superman Returns, she was played by Kate Bosworth, the character was most recently portrayed by actress Amy Adams in the DC Extended Universe films.

Publication history[edit]

Lois Lane was one of the first female comic book characters introduced in the superhero comics, she made her debut in Action Comics #1 (June 1938) the first published Superman story.^[4] Lois is the daughter of Ella and Sam Lane; in earlier comics, her parents were farmers in a town called Pittsdale.^[5] The modern comics depict Sam as a retired soldier (sometimes a military general) and Lois as a former Army brat, born at Ramstein Air Base with Lois having been trained by her father in areas such as hand-to-hand combat and the use of firearms. She has one younger sibling, her sister Lucy Lane.^[6] Lois is a journalist for the Daily Planet, one of the best investigative reporters, and the best at the newspaper she works at;^[7] in some stories, she has been shown obtaining superpowers and becoming a superhero. Some of her superhero identities are Superwoman and Red Tornado of Earth 2.

Aspects of Lois' personality have varied over the years, depending on the comic book writers handling of the character and American social attitudes toward women at the time; in most incarnations, Lois has been depicted as a smart, determined, strong-willed and independent person. Her physical appearance has varied over the years, depending either on contemporary fashion, or media adaptations; in the 1990s, when the television series Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman began airing, Lois received a haircut that made her look more like actress Teri Hatcher and her eyes were typically violet to match her character on Superman: The Animated Series. Traditionally in the comics, the character has been shown with black hair, however, from the late 1980s through the '90s, Lois was depicted with auburn hair; in other media, she's been shown with dark blonde hair on the television series Smallville and red hair in the 2013 film Man of Steel.

In the 1940s, Lois had her own newspaper comic strip, Lois Lane, Girl Reporter, a direct spin-off of the Superman comic strip running at the time. A similar title comic series began appearing in Superman comic book in 1944 (starting with Superman #28) ran for a number of years; in 1958, DC Comics gave Lois her own comic book series Superman's Girl Friend, Lois Lane. The series focus on her solo adventures and began publication in April 1958; in the 1960s, the series was one of DC's most popular titles and was the top ten best-selling comic books in America.^[8] She had a series featured in The Superman Family comic book from 1974 to 1982; in 2015, she received her own young adult novel series, which focus on a teenage Lois Lane. The first book, Lois Lane: Fallout, was published by Switch Press in May 2015. Other novels in the series include Lois Lane: Double Down and Lois Lane: Triple Threat.

Throughout the character's long history, she has always been the most prominent love interest in Superman/Clark Kent's life; in the 1990s, after Clark proposed to Lois and reveals to her that he is Superman,^[9][10] she married him in the 1996 comic book special Superman: The Wedding Album.^[11][12] The couple's biological child in DC Comics canon was born in Convergence: Superman #2 (July 2015) a son named Jonathan Samuel Kent, who eventually becomes Superboy.

Fictional character biography[edit]

Golden Age[edit]

In the Golden Age comics, Lois was featured as an aggressive, career-minded reporter for the Daily Star (the paper's name was changed to the Daily Planet in Action Comics #23 in 1940). After Clark Kent joined the paper and Superman debuted around the same time, Lois found herself attracted to Superman but displeased with her new journalistic competition in the form of Kent. Starting early as the 1940s, Lois began to suspect that Clark Kent was Superman,^[13] and started to make various attempts at uncovering his secret identity, all of which backfired usually thanks to Superman's efforts.

Lois gained her first series of stories (without Superman) starting with Superman #28 (May–June 1944),^[14] the feature, "Lois Lane, Girl Reporter", running in Superman for a number of years, had Lois defeating bad guys and getting front page stories on her own, without any help from Superman.

In the Golden Age comics, Lois had a niece named Susie Tompkins, whose main trait was getting into trouble by telling exaggerated tall tales and fibs to adults.^[15] Susie's last appearance was in Superman #95 (February 1955).^[16] Subsequent comics presented Lois' only sibling, Lucy, as single and childless.

Earth-Two version[edit]

DC Comics instituted its multiverse system in the early 1960s for organizing its continuity and introduced the Earth-Two Superman in Justice League of America #73 (August 1969).^[17] This retcon declared the Golden Age Superman and Lois Lane stories (i.e. comics published from 1938 through the early 1950s) as having taken place on the parallel world of "Earth-Two" versus the then mainstream (Silver Age) universe of "Earth-One". In Action Comics #484 (June 1978), a flashback story reveals Earth-Two's Lois became infatuated with Clark Kent after the latter lost his memory of his superheroic identity (thanks to a spell cast by the old Justice Society of America enemy, the Wizard), with the result of Clark acting more aggressive and extroverted. Clark and Lois began to date each other and were soon married, during the honeymoon, Lois discovered that Clark was indeed Superman, and after recruiting the aid of the Wizard, restored Clark's memory.^[18]

The now-married Lois and Clark starred in a series of stories in The Superman Family #195 – #199 and #201 – #222 titled "Mr and Mrs Superman", which presented their further adventures early in their marriage. Susie Tompkins made a return as a recurring character.^[19] Years later, Lois and Clark acted as parental figures for Power Girl, Superman's cousin, after she arrived on Earth.

During the Crisis on Infinite Earths miniseries, the Earth-Two Lois Lane was seemingly seen for the final time, as Lois, the Earth-Two Superman, and the Superboy of Earth-Prime are taken by Earth-Three's Alexander Luthor, Jr. into a paradise-like dimension at the end of the story. Following the events of Crisis on Infinite Earths, this version of Lois was retroactively removed from DC's continuity.

In 2005's Infinite Crisis miniseries, it was revealed that the Earth-Two Lois Lane Kent, along with Superboy, Alexander Luthor, Jr., and Superman, have been watching the events of the post-Crisis DC Universe from their pocket dimension. Out of the four observers, she is the only one who still believes that the new universe is just going through a rough patch; Superboy Prime and Alex Luthor are convinced that Earth is utterly corrupt, and Kal-L is slowly becoming swayed to their way of thinking. This version of Lois is frail, and died for reasons not explicitly revealed, though probably connected to her octogenarian status, this was the main reason for Kal-L's determination to restore Earth-Two, as he believed that Lois' health would recover once back on her proper Earth. Despite the restoration of Earth-Two, Lois Lane Kent died in the arms of her husband, Superman, in Infinite Crisis #5, regardless of Kal-L's protests that he could not let her die, after Kal-L died at the hands of Superboy-Prime at the end of Infinite Crisis #7, he commented that he finally understood Lois' final words "It's... not... going..." as meaning that it would never end for them, and one day it would be understood that even the heroes who had been lost in the original Crisis were still out there somewhere. After his demise, they are shown reunited in the stars, while their bodies are buried on Earth alongside Kon-El's, who gave his life to stop Superboy-Prime's attempts to restore his Earth.

Lois later returns as a sinister Black Lantern with her husband in the Blackest Night crossover, her first task is to kidnap Martha Kent with her spouse, and stating that she and Kal-L wish for Kal-El, Connor Kent, and Martha, to be reunited with Jonathan Kent in death. She proved unable to deal with the resourcefulness of Martha Kent, and was set ablaze by the widow, but kept regenerating until Krypto intervened, ripping the black ring out of her hand and preventing regeneration for long enough to allow Superman and Conner Kent to destroy the Black Lantern powerhouses attacking Smallville, and reaching town to aid others unhindered.^[20][21][22]

Black Lantern Lois later appears to Power Girl, claiming that she has escaped the ring's corrupting influence, and needs her help, this was just a ploy to get close enough to her husband's body, which was being held in the JSA headquarters after his black ring had been removed. Black Lantern Lois "sacrifices" herself by removing her ring and giving it to Kal-L, restoring him to full undead status, and causing her own body to become inert.^[23][24]

Silver Age and Bronze Age[edit]

When the reading audience of superhero comic books became predominately young boys in the mid to late 1950s, the focus of Superman stories shifted toward science fiction inspired plots involving extraterrestrials, fantasy creatures, and bizarre plots. Lois' main interests in various late 1950s and 1960s stories became vying with her rival Lana Lang for Superman's affections, attempting to prove Clark Kent and Superman were one and the same or otherwise getting Superman into marriage. Superman's rationale for resisting her matrimonial desires was that marrying her would put her in increased danger from his enemies and that she could not keep his secret identity hidden. Regardless, Lois married several times in the Superman stories of this era, including to Superman imposter from Kandor, the villainous Zak-Kul^[25] and a man from the future.^[26] All these marriages were either annulled or otherwise forgotten.

Lois became more and more popular during the 1950s, and after appearing as the lead character in two issues of DC's title Showcase in 1957,^[27] DC Comics created an ongoing title for the character, titled Superman's Girl Friend, Lois Lane^[28] beginning in April 1958 and running for 137 issues until October 1974. Most of these stories placed an emphasis on Lois' romance with Superman, and were drawn by artist Kurt Schaffenberger; indeed, Schaffenberger's rendition of Lois became cited by many^[29][30] as the "definitive" version of Lois, and he was often asked by DC editor Mort Weisinger to redraw other artists' depictions of Lois Lane in other DC titles where she appeared.^[30]

The Lois Lane series soon became one of DC Comics most popular titles and spent the 1960s as one of the top ten best-selling comics, at its sales peak, the series was the third best-selling comic in 1962 and 1965.^[8][31] The title featured the first appearance of the Silver Age Catwoman, after an absence from the comics for over a decade.^[32]

While Lois had started to become suspicious of Superman's secret identity during the Golden Age (as early as Superman #7 in 1940), her suspicions reached their peak during the early Silver Age, with many stories in her series focusing on her attempts to prove Superman and Clark Kent were one and the same. To wit, various stories from this era show Superman using various means to protect his secret identity from Lois, including his Superman robots or Batman disguising himself as Clark/Superman.^[33]

By the end of the 1960s, as attitudes toward women's role in American society changed, Lois' character changed as well; in Superman's Girl Friend, Lois Lane issue #80 (Jan. 1968), the character's fashions were updated to a then more contemporary look.^[34] Stories in the 1970s depicted Lois as fully capable and less reliant on Superman, she engaged in more adventures without Superman being involved and was much less interested in discovering Superman's secret identity.

Lois had a series featured in The Superman Family (an anthology title started in the mid-1970s after the cancellation of Superman's Girl Friend, Lois Lane and Superman's Pal, Jimmy Olsen) from 1974 to 1982. In her series, Lois regularly battled criminals and often defeated them using her quick wits and considerable skill in the Kryptonian martial art of Klurkor, taught to her by Kryptonian survivors in the bottle city of Kandor.^[35] There were several cameos of the New Gods, including Desaad and Darkseid. Lois Lane was the backup series in The Daring New Adventures of Supergirl in 1982 to 1983.^[36]

During the Silver and Bronze Age, Lois' backstory became more fully fleshed out, with various stories explaining her life before becoming employed at the Daily Planet, this backstory was attributed to the Lois Lane of Earth-One.

As summarized in various stories, Lois was born to Sam and Ella Lane and grew up on their farm in the small town of Pittsdale.^[5] While Lois was a toddler, she encountered a rattlesnake in the woods near the Lane family farm, the snake was scared away by one of Kal-El's baby toys which had landed nearby in one of Jor-El's experimental rockets.^[37] At the age of two, Lois suffered measles, and at the age of three, whooping cough,^[38] at an unspecified time during Lois' childhood, her younger sister Lucy Lane was born.^[38]

During Lois' adolescence, she won a youth contest run by the Daily Planet, with the prize being a trip to Metropolis to spend a week working as a cub reporter for the newspaper. There, she first met Clark Kent of Smallville, who was the other winner of the contest. Lois found Clark dull and became more interested in asking him for information about Superboy after learning Clark came from Smallville, during the week in Metropolis, Lois made a bet with Clark to see who would get the most scoops, which turned out to be Lois, as Clark was forced to constantly go into action as Superboy. Lois met Superboy for the first time while uncovering a criminal enterprise for one of her stories, at the end of the week, Clark paid off Lois' bet (an ice cream sundae), and the two returned to their respective hometowns.^[39]

Lois would meet Superboy (but not Clark Kent) again during her adolescence while attending an all-girls summer camp near Smallville. There, Lois met Lana Lang, a fellow camper, for the first time.^[40] Lois would make further attempts at landing a job with the Daily Planet during her teenage years^[41] and spent time writing for her hometown's newspaper, the Pittsdale Star.^[5]

Upon finishing high school, Lois left Pittsdale and attended Raleigh College to study journalism. While in college, Lois worked for the student newspaper, the Raleigh Review, as a reporter and eventually its co-editor.^[42]

After graduating from college, Lois became permanently employed at the Daily Planet, soon becoming its star reporter. Lois eventually saw her longtime coworkers, Clark Kent and Jimmy Olsen, join the Planet's staff,^[43] at some point in her career, Lois was a winner of the Pulitzer Prize.^[44]

After the 1985–1986 miniseries Crisis on Infinite Earths writer John Byrne revised the Superman legend and eliminated the Silver Age version of Lois from continuity, before this happened, a final non-canonical "imaginary story" Whatever Happened to the Man of Tomorrow? was written by Alan Moore, meant as a send-off for the pre-Crisis versions of the characters, including Lois. Published at the same time but in Earth-One continuity was a two-issue miniseries titled Lois Lane, in which she investigates the problem of missing children.^[45][46]

Modern Age[edit]

Lois underwent a character alteration beginning with John Byrne's The Man of Steel miniseries, which significantly rewrote Superman's origin and history; in this modern version of events, Lois was portrayed as a tough-as-nails reporter who rarely needed rescuing. She was depicted as strong, opinionated, yet sensitive.

Lois' first real relationship in this version was with Jose Delgado, a Metropolis vigilante whose legs are shattered in a battle with a Lexcorp cyborg/human hybrid gone amok. Delgado eventually recovered, he and Lois would have several on and off experiences together before the relationship completely disintegrated, due to Delgado accepting help from a Lexcorp subsidiary ARL and Lois' attraction to Superman with whom Delgado felt he had to compete.^[47][48]

Another major change made was that Lois did not fall in love with just Superman, although she was attracted to him. One reason was the revised nature of the Superman/Clark Kent relationship; in the original Silver Age stories, Superman had been the man who disguised himself as Clark Kent. In this newly revised concept, it was Clark Kent who lived a life in which his activity as Superman was decidedly secondary. Lois initially resented the rookie Clark Kent getting the story on Superman as his first piece when she had spent ages trying to get an interview, this sometimes ill-tempered rivalry remained the case until The Adventures of Superman #460–463 and Action Comics #650.

Following Clark's brief rampage under the influence of the Eradicator, Lois was hesitant to forgive Clark for "selling out" to Collin Thornton and running Newstime Magazine, but forgave him in a span of mere minutes when he returned to "grovel for his job back". Clark elected to repay Lois by finally letting go of his self-imposed inhibitions and passionately kissed her, the two became a couple, and eventually, Lois accepted a proposal of marriage.^[9][10] Clark shortly after revealed to her that he was Superman.^[49][50]

DC Comics had planned on Lois and Clark being married in 1993's Superman vol. 2 #75. With the then-upcoming television show Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman, DC decided they did not want to have the two married in the comics and not married on TV. Partially as a result of this, Superman was killed in Superman #75 instead, dying in Lois' arms after a battle royal with the monster Doomsday. After a period of time, Superman returned to life, and both he and Lois resumed their relationship, though not without a few problems (such as a brief reappearance of Clark's former college girlfriend, the mermaid Lori Lemaris). Lois eventually decided to take an overseas assignment to assert her independence and not be dependent on Clark, who had begun to overprotect her. When Clark became convinced Lois was in danger, he and her father Sam allied to aid her secretly.

When Lois returned to Metropolis, she had been through several life-threatening exploits and was slightly amused when Clark informed her his powers had been depleted, and that he was her editor (due to Perry White's cancer). Upon discovering Clark still had her wedding ring within a handkerchief, Lois warmly broke down, teasing Clark and finally agreeing to become his wife.

Lois and Clark were finally wed in the comic book special Superman: The Wedding Album, which featured the work of nearly every living artist who had ever worked on Superman,^[12] the issue was published during the week of October 6, 1996, coinciding with an episode of the television series Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman, which featured the wedding of the two characters.^[51][52] The Wedding Album itself spent part of its opening pages accommodating and reconciling the then-current comic storyline of Lois and Clark having broken off their engagement.

Since their marriage, Clark and Lois continue to be one of the strongest relationships in comics; in 2006, the couple took the 'next step' in adopting a newly arrived Kryptonian boy, who they named Chris Kent. The boy is later discovered to be the son of Jor-El's foe, General Zod, although initially uneasy about raising a super-powered child, Lois has shown immense aptitude of being 'Mommy Lois'. Following a devastating battle with Zod, Chris sacrificed himself to seal the Phantom Zone rift, trapping himself inside with Zod's forces, leaving Lois without her son.

In the second issue of Final Crisis, Lois and Perry are caught in an explosion triggered by Clayface destroying the Daily Planet and Lois is critically injured. In the third issue, it is revealed that only Clark's heat vision is keeping her heart beating. Clark is visited by a mysterious phantom who insists that he must depart Earth immediately if he is to save his wife's life, the story is continued in the 3D tie-in comic Superman Beyond, where the female Monitor Zillo Valla stops time around Lois, allowing Superman to leave her side for a while, recruiting him and several of his multiversal doppelgangers in a mission to save the entire Multiverse, promising care for Lois. After defeating the dark Monitor Mandrakk, Superman brings back a distilled drop of The Bleed and administers it to Lois through a kiss, restoring her to full health. Lois is later seen in Final Crisis #6, one of the few still free humans.

After the events of Superman: New Krypton Superman must leave Earth for an undetermined amount of time swearing off his Earthly connections in the eyes of his fellow Kryptonians to keep an eye on General Zod the New Kryptonian military commander, but he secretly tells Lois he still considers her his wife and will come back to her. In the issues of Action Comics Lois has reunited with Christopher Kent who has aged to adulthood in the past months and became the new Metropolis hero Nightwing.^[53] Supergirl and Lana visit Lois' apartment to tell her the bad news that her sister Lucy Lane was killed during a battle with Supergirl. Lois doesn't believe that her sister is dead and refuses to accept the news until she has irrefutable proof. Lois asks Supergirl for a recovered piece of Superwoman's costume.^[54]

Lois hands her exposé in and the government is after her for treason, with agents on her tail, she makes a mad dash for it. When Lois is in custody, her father Sam Lane is there to greet her in an interview room in an unnamed facility. Sam tells Lois the only reason he has been lenient with her is because she is his daughter, while he does love her the planet will always come first over his family and threatens to make her disappear forever if she continues. Lois returns to the Daily Planet under cover of night and explains all to Perry, she points out the whole paper is at risk and everyone connected to it if her exposé runs. Perry understands and though he must protect the paper he is first and foremost a good journalist and nudges Lois in the right direction; he won't run the story but noted it must get out to the people somehow. Enlightened, she quits the Daily Planet, as Lois gets her edge back,^[55] it was later revealed she never really quit the Daily Planet.

Lois learns her father's forces destroyed New Krypton, she is kidnapped by Lucy and taken to Sam's secret base.^[56] There, Lois argues with her father, saying the Kryptonians think of him as a genocidal maniac; in the war between New Krypton and Earth, Supergirl finds them and threatens to kill Sam. Lois stops her, saying her father will be judged for his war crimes. Sam takes a gun and commits suicide.^[57] Later, Lois visits the imprisoned Lucy,^[58] she expresses disbelief on what her sister has become. Lois says while she will not miss her father, she will miss her sister.^[59]

In Superman: Grounded, Superman begins a journey through America to reconnect with the American people, and Lois, though confused at first, supports his choice. Lois later travels to Rushmark and finds an old college friend Brian, who invites her to have dinner with him and his wife. When Lois leaves Brian's home she is met by Superman, the two reaffirm their love to each other and go to Chicago.^[60] There, Lois helps Superman arrest a violent father who has been attacking his wife and son.^[61] Later, Lois and Superman investigate a factory in Des Moines. Lois wants to publish an article, which would reveal the workers' illegal activities, but Superman forces her not to. Feeling betrayed, Lois returns to Metropolis and does not speak to Superman for a while.^[62] When Lois is kidnapped by Lisa Jennings, a woman who wants to destroy Superman, he rescues her,^[63] with the danger over. Superman apologizes to Lois about what happened in Des Moines. Lois replies that she wrote the article anyway, saying that she was a reporter before she was his wife. Knowing that his wife did the right thing, Superman kisses her, the two then return home.^[64]

New 52[edit]

In 2011, DC Comics relaunched its titles and its main continuity was rebooted with the New 52. Lois now works for Morgan Edge heading up the media division of the Daily Planet, she views Clark as a friend and is unaware that he is Superman.^[65]

Lois investigates the story of twenty people who developed metahuman powers after being kidnapped by Brainiac, her search leads her to a U.S. senator, who revealed to be one of the Twenty. The senator dies, but not before transferring his powers to Lois, who falls into a coma.^[66] Lois later awakes from her coma at the hospital, with Jonathan Carroll at her side.^[67] Lois manifests psychic powers and helps Superman fight the Psychic Pirate, during the fight, Lois learns that Clark is Superman but falls back into a coma. After defeating the Psychic Pirate, Superman brings Lois back to the hospital.^[68] Later, the Parasite attacks the hospital and attempts to steal Lois' powers.^[69] Superman tricks the Parasite into absorbing Lois' psionic energy, the power overwhelms the Parasite, causing him to collapse. Lois awakens from her coma but she does not seem to remember Superman's identity.^[70]

Lois is the main character in the Superman: Lois Lane #1 one-shot; in this story, Lois' sister, Lucy, asks for her help in finding her roommate Amanda Suresh, who had been kidnapped by a mysterious group called "the Cartel". According to Lucy, Amanda had been taking a drug that transformed her into a monster, as Lois investigates about the Cartel, she gets captured and taken to the Cartel's headquarters. There, Lois finds out the Cartel had been capturing people who had been mutated by the drug. Lois escapes and rescues Amanda when the captured monsters cause a riot, as she returns home, Lois finds out Lucy had been taking the drug. As Lucy apologizes for putting all three in danger, Lois chooses to publish her story about the Cartel.^[71]

In the New 52: Futures End, set five years in the possible future of the New 52-verse. Lois is considered the most successful freelance reporter on the planet and her blog, "The Fast Lane", is one of the most read and well-respected sources of news in the world.^[72]

In the miniseries Convergence, which featured many pre-Flashpoint DC Universe characters, including a married Superman and his pregnant wife Lois Lane, deal with the impending birth of their child, as Superman is called to protect the city.^[73] Convergence shows the birth of their son, Jonathan Samuel Kent.^[74] Following Convergence, DC announced the spin-off comic book series Superman: Lois and Clark, debuting in October 2015 by Dan Jurgens and Lee Weeks.^[75] The eight-issue series is set nine years after the Convergence event, where Clark and Lois and their 9-year-old son Jonathan has been living and working in the New 52 universe, the couple now lives in California and has changed their last name to White (a tribute to Perry White). Lois has become an anonymous author, publishing several critically acclaimed books under the alias name "Author X". While Clark continues his superhero duty, protecting cities and civilians quietly behind the scenes,^[76] their son, Jonathan, eventually began to develop superpowers of his own (similar to those of his father Superman) and learned the truth about his parent's true origin.

DC Rebirth[edit]

In June 2016, DC Comics relaunched its entire line of comic book titles with DC Rebirth, the publisher once again re-established the pre-Flashpoint Superman as the principal Superman in DC comics, along with his wife, Lois Lane, and their son, Jonathan Samuel Kent.^[77]

Lois began to investigate the disappearance of the New 52 Lois when she received a letter, sent by her counterpart,^[78] after learning the apparent death of her other self, Lois decides to continue her legacy and returns to the Daily Planet as a reporter, posing as her New 52 counterpart.^[79] Following a confrontation with Mister Mxyzptlk, Lois's essence is merged with that of her post-Flashpoint counterpart, creating a new Lois with the memories of both in a timeline that allows for Lois and Clark's wedding and their son to exist in the DC Rebirth universe.^[80]

Superhero identity[edit]

Lois Lane has become a superhero and gained superpowers several times in the comics, animation, and live-action series.

Superwoman[edit]

Lois was the first person to assume the Superwoman persona and has become the superheroine on several occasions, her first appearance as Superwoman (as well as Superwoman's first appearance in DC Comics) was in Action Comics #60 (May 1943).^[81] The story is set in a dream sequence, where, after Lois is hit by a truck, she dreams a transfusion of Superman's blood gives her super powers and she becomes Superwoman; in Superman #45, Lois believes Hocus and Pocus—a pair of fraudulent magicians—have given her superpowers, and with Superman's help and intervention, Lois once again becomes Superwoman.^[82] In The Superman Family #207, the Earth-Two Lois gained superpowers from her husband, after Superman brought an extraterrestrial plant into their home, with Lois losing the powers after the death of the plant.^[83] Other stories have Lois transformed into Superwoman when Superman transfers some of his powers to Lois, or from one of Lex Luthor's inventions or due to Mr. Mxyzptlk's interference. On Smallville in the episode "Prophecy", Jor-El gives Lois all of Clark's powers for one day.

In the original Crime Syndicate of America on Earth-Three, Lois Lane and Superwoman were two separate individual characters.^[84] Superwoman is a supervillain and Lois married Earth-Three's greatest champion, Alexander Luthor, the pre-Crisis version of the characters perished when Earth-Three was destroyed during the events of Crisis on Infinite Earths.^[85] In the graphic novel JLA: Earth 2, Superwoman, a member of the Crime Syndicate is the alternate version of Lois Lane,^[86] she is an Amazon by birth and the chief editor of the Daily Planet. She inhabits the same antimatter universe which contains the planet Qward, the New 52 version of Superwoman of Earth-3 is also named Lois Lane and is part of the Crime Syndicate.

In All-Star Superman, the 12 issue comic book series by Grant Morrison and Frank Quitely, Lois becomes a Kryptonian Superwoman for 24 hours. In the story, Superman (who believed he was dying) revealed his secret identity to her and takes Lois to his Fortress of Solitude to spend her birthday. While at his Arctic sanctuary, he presents Lois with her birthday present, a formula called "Exo-Genes" created by Superman from his own DNA, that allows Lois to have his powers for twenty-four hours, with her new Kryptonian powers and new Superwoman costume (made by Superman), the two spend the whole day together on different adventures and shared a kiss on the moon.^[87][88] At the end of the story, Superman proclaims his love for Lois, before he flies off into the sun to repair it. Lois later appeared as Superwoman in the animated All-Star Superman film, voiced by Christina Hendricks.

In DC Rebirth, the New 52 Lois and Lana gained superpowers due to the solar energy explosion caused by the death of the New 52 Superman, this results in both Lois and Lana becoming Superwoman, with Lois possessing all of Superman's traditional powers, while Lana has the ability to absorb solar energy and release it in other forms. Lois later dies at the hands of a female Bizarro, being overloaded with solar energy the same way Superman was killed.^[89]

Red Tornado[edit]

Following the DC relaunch, the series Earth 2 debuted in 2012, set on the parallel world of that name, it depicts a modern take on the Golden Age world, starring the Justice Society of America and superheroes of that period.

In Earth 2, Lois Lane is married to Superman. When Clark's cousin, Kara arrived on earth, she stayed with Clark's parents, before moving in and living with Clark and Lois. Lois considers Kara as her daughter and Kara calls Lois "mom".^[90] Five years prior to the start of the story, during the first Apokoliptian invasion of Earth 2, Lois was killed by one of Darkseid's assassins at the Daily Planet, she died in her husband's arms.^[91] Superman and many other heroes of Earth 2 perished in the war.

Five years later, as various heroes begin to rise and various gods from Apokolips begin to wreak havoc again. Lois' consciousness is revealed to have survived and was downloaded into the robot body of Red Tornado by her father Sam Lane.^[92] Lois, now as Red Tornado, possessed the power of wind manipulation and cyclone generation abilities. Lois bands together with Green Lantern (Alan Scott), Batman (Thomas Wayne), Accountable (Jimmy Olsen) and the other gathered heroes to fight against the forces of Apokolips, after a protracted battle with what was thought to be a surviving brainwashed Superman, Lois realizes he is, in fact, a Bizarro, and takes advantage of his deteriorating form to disintegrate him with a cyclone blast.^[93] In the story, Lois is referred to by Doctor Fate as the "Resurrection hope".

During Superman's rampage and destruction on Earth 2, Lois is among a group that discovers Val-Zod, a Kryptonian, hidden in a cell beneath Arkham.^[94] Lois helps Val feel accepted and welcomed on Earth 2, learn to control his superpower, and overcome his agoraphobia (due to his prolonged travel in space to Earth).^[95] Val-Zod eventually becomes the new Superman of Earth 2.

In the second Apokoliptian invasion of Earth 2, Lois and Kara are reunited, after Kara and Huntress return to Earth 2 from Prime Earth.^[96] Lois, along with Kara, Val, Huntress, Batman and other heroes, fights against the armies of Apokolips and new villains appearing across Earth 2. While searching for Huntress beneath the fire pits of Earth 2 in DeSaad's cloning facility, Lois, Val, Kara and Batman found the real Superman who has been held captive for five years, he was revived by DeSaad and was used as the genetic source for the Kryptonian clones. The extraction of his DNA corrupted his body leaving him without any powers.^[97] Lois and Superman reunite briefly, before he sacrificed himself one last time, destroying the Parademon facilities using his corrupt DNA,^[98] after Superman's death, Lois gave Kara the symbol from his uniform, which was then worn by Kara in remembrance.

In the final days of Earth 2, Lois' instincts as a journalist lead her to attempt to preserve and record the history and stories of Earth 2 in her large memory bank in the hope that someday, someone will read the data and rebuild this world,^[99] after the destruction of Earth 2, Lois and the remaining civilians and heroes of Earth 2 relocated to a new world.^[100]

The writer of Earth 2, Tom Taylor, specifically resurrected Lois Lane on Earth 2 after he was told to kill off the character in the Injustice comic series. Taylor stated "bringing Lois in was quite a personal thing, because having to do such horrible, horrible things to her in Injustice, the first thing I asked when I got on the book was if I could bring back Lois. Then it was just a matter of working out exactly how."^[101] Taylor received "Women in Refrigerators" criticism for his Injustice comic stories. Bringing back Lois as Red Tornado was Taylor's way to "unfridge" Lois, as Taylor noted, in Lois' first appearance as Red Tornado, Lois literally came out of a blue refrigerator. Other reasons for bringing back Lois involve Superman, Taylor commented "While evil bastard Superman is out there killing and maiming and destroying, I wanted Lois to exist as the counterpoint to this. She's the beating heart at the center. She's the good Ying to Superman's evil Yang. Where there's Lois, there's hope."^[102]

Nicola Scott, the long-time artist on Earth 2, on drawing Red Tornado Lois, "I wanted Lois to be Lois, despite the fact that she’s metal. I wanted to make sure she looked really feminine and really beautiful, so all she’d need is a flesh coating and a wig and she’d be good to go."^[103]

Other identities and powers[edit]

Identities[edit]

• Green Lantern – In Tangent Comics: Tales of the Green Lantern #1, Green Lantern of Earth-9 is introduced with three different origin tales. In one origin story, Lois is an archaeologist, explorer, and adventurer hired by billionaire playboy Booster Gold to explore the underwater ruins off the coast of Florida, she discovers a community of mutated life forms known as the Sea Devils and is murdered by Booster Gold when she tries to protect the Sea Devils. Her body is taken to the underwater castle and resurrected as the Green Lantern.
• Elastic Lass – Lois becomes Elastic Lass, after borrowing Jimmy Olsen's Elastic Lad serum, given to him by Professor Potter, so she can catch the Wrecker, who has been blowing up statues around Metropolis.^[104]
• Isis – On the television series Smallville, Lois is possessed by the spirit of the Egyptian goddess and hero Isis while wearing the Amulet of Isis in the tenth-season episode "Isis". This was based on the character of Isis who first appeared in an eponymous 1975-77 CBS television series, later known as The Secrets of Isis. Isis was then brought into DC comics canon, both as a superhero and as a separate goddess, as Isis, Lois had super strength, speed, telekinesis, telepathy, energy projection, magic, and could fly.
• Krypton Girl – In the imaginary story in Superman's Girlfriend Lois Lane #47, Lois is from Krypton and takes the superhero name Krypton Girl on Earth; Clark Kent is an ordinary human.^[105]
• Leopard Lady – Lois becomes the supervillain Leopard Lady and marries Lex Luthor when a machine that can bring out evil in a person is used on her.^[106]
• Power Girl – In Superman #125, Lois dreams she and Clark gain superpowers and become Power-Girl and Power-Man.^[107]
• Stiletto – On Smallville, Lois takes on the superhero persona of Stiletto, after saving Chloe from a carjacker in the eighth-season episode "Stiletto".
• Super-Lois – The comic book Superman's Girlfriend Lois Lane featured several stories in which Lois gains superpowers and becomes Super-Lois. In one, Lois gains superpower after Superman gives her a blood transfusion; in another story, Lois is invited to visit Kandor with three other accomplished women of Earth; while there, a scientist gives her superpowers. Lois uses her new superpowers to save Superman from a Kryptonite trap set by Mayhem, Inc.^[108]
• Supermaid – In an imaginary story in Superman #158, Lois goes to Krypton as a child and becomes Supermaid. Lois' father sent his infant daughter to Krypton in a starship, after discovering Earth's sun would go nova and destroy the solar system. Arriving on Krypton within a power beam modifies Lois' molecular biology, giving her superpowers. Lois was adopted and raised by a zookeeper as Kandi Khan and became the Superheroine Supermaid.^[109]
• Ultra Woman – On the television series Lois and Clark: The New Adventures of Superman in the episode "Ultra Woman" Superman's powers are transferred to Lois when a red Kryptonite laser beam hit him. Martha Kent makes Lois a new costume and Clark introduces her to Metropolis as Ultra Woman.

Powers[edit]

• Divine Empowerment – Lois was briefly granted divine powers as the Goddess of Integrity by the war and death gods but gave the powers up at the urging of Superman. Her powers include flight, enhanced intellect, teleportation, and weather manipulation.^[110]
• Psychic Powers – In the New 52, Lois was given various psychic powers by Senator Hume; she has redeveloped and lost these powers numerous times. Some of her powers are telepathy and astral projection.^[111]

In other versions[edit]

During the years 1942–1985 Editora Brasil-América and the Editora Abril which published the Brazilian versions of Superman comics, Lois Lane's name was translated to "Miriam Lane" and later to "Miriam Lois Lane".

Kingdom Come[edit]

In the Elseworlds series Kingdom Come (now Earth-22 in the DC Multiverse), flashbacks reveal that ten years prior to the story's beginning, the Joker murdered ninety-three people in the Daily Planet offices, including Lois. Her death is the reason for Superman's retirement from heroics.

In the Justice Society of America Kingdom Come Special: Superman by Alex Ross, the fate of Earth-22's Lois is fully revealed. She survived the Joker venom by wearing a gas mask and tried to fight the Joker with a fire extinguisher, only to be bashed in the head with her Daily Planet paperweight. By the time Superman arrives at the Daily Planet building she was still alive, but dying from the fatal wound. Lois' dying words to Superman were "Thank you for loving me", and to remind him not to cross the line by becoming a killer or lose Clark Kent.^[112]

Superman: Red Son[edit]

In this Elseworlds series Red Son, Superman's escape rocket did not land in Smallville, but in the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin. Lois is married to Lex Luthor but still uses the surname Lane for her articles in the Daily Planet. Superman saves her life, and the two have an instant attraction with each other and Lois has feelings for him through the rest of the story, after the fall of Superman's Greater Soviet Union and presumed death, he attends his "funeral" wearing a suit and glasses. Superman's secret identity as Clark Kent does not exist on this alternate Earth.

JLA: The Nail[edit]

In JLA: The Nail, where the Kents never found Clark, Lois is selected by Green Lantern to provide the Justice League with some positive media presentation after a recent propaganda campaign focuses on the idea that many modern metahumans are alien invaders. Tracking recent kidnapped heroes to a secret base, Lois is introduced to the Kents, who provide a safe house for various heroes after Lana Lang smuggled them out of the facility, and later discovers that the true mastermind behind the conspiracy is Jimmy Olsen, mutated into a Kryptonian through genetic experiments carried out based on DNA samples found in Kal-El's crashed and abandoned ship. Jimmy is finally defeated by Kal-El, who was here raised by an Amish couple until their deaths at Olsen's hands, with Lois writing about how Kal-El's time with the Kents helped him accept his abilities and grow into the Superman he should have been.

In the sequel, JLA: Another Nail, Lois helps the Kents create Kal-El's 'Clark' disguise- albeit naming him 'Carl' on impulse- to give him a chance at a normal life outside of his role as Superman, reasoning that the simplicity of the glasses will stop people paying too much attention to him, while their original plan to completely cover him with a false beard would make people suspect that Kal-El had something to hide.

Superman: Kal[edit]

In Superman: Kal, where Kal-El's rocket landed on Earth in the Middle Ages, Lady Loisse is the daughter of the late Lord Lane, the protector of the village who was murdered, she is held captive by Baron Luthor, who hopes to make her his bride. Lois falls for Kal, a blacksmith's apprentice after he wins a contest against Luthor's best fighters, she accepts his request for her hand in marriage, as payment for him forging a suit of armor for Luthor from his rocket. After their wedding, Loisse is taken from Kal by Luthor, who subsequently killed her.^[113]

Flashpoint[edit]

In the alternate timeline of the Flashpoint event, a young Lois Lane sneaks into the facility where her father Sam Lane is stationed to bring him a birthday cake, during a breakout, Lois briefly encounters Kal-El and Neil Sinclair. Sinclair attempts to pursue revenge against her father for the experiments that were performed on him. Sam traps Sinclair and himself in the Phantom Zone.^[114]

Years later, Lois is reporting on a fashion show in Montmartre when the Atlanteans flooded Europe, she is saved by the Amazons who take her to "New Themiscyra" (the United Kingdom). Once there, she learns that Jimmy Olsen, who dies in the flood while trying to save an old man, was an agent of Cyborg. Lois agrees to spy on the Amazons for Cyborg. When the time comes for her to undergo a near-fatal "conversion" into the Amazonian ranks, she escapes, aided by Penny Black, who is wounded by Artemis in the process.^[115]

During this time, Lois walks through the remains of the London Underground and encounters Grifter and the Resistance.^[116] Lois soon joins the Resistance, after meeting up with the recovering Penny, she uses Cyborg's device to locate her missing armor at Westminster.^[117] Lois later broadcasts a message to the world that the Amazons have imprisoned people in internment, the Amazons in Westminster attempt to kill her.^[118] Lois is then rescued by Kal-El (who comes to protect her from Sinclair who has returned), during the fight, Kal-El manages to destroy Sinclair, but Lois is caught in the blast. Before Lois dies in the arms of Kal-El, she tells him to save the people.^[119]

Injustice: Gods Among Us[edit]

In the digital prequel comic to the video game Injustice: Gods Among Us, Lois is married to Superman and is pregnant with their child. While on a story at the docks with Jimmy Olsen, she is kidnapped by The Joker and Harley Quinn and taken to a submarine where they perform surgery on her. When the Joker is captured by the Justice League, he informs them he has planted a nuclear bomb in Metropolis and wired the detonator to Lois's heart, set to go off when she dies. While under the influence of Scarecrow's kryptonite-laced fear gas, Superman mistakes Lois for Doomsday and, in an attempt to protect his family, unknowingly flies up into space with her, killing both Lois and their unborn child in the process. When she dies, a nuclear bomb obliterates Metropolis. Superman, devastated by the death of Lois and their unborn child, kills the Joker and begins his campaign for world domination, her death causes him to turn darker, as he becomes more willing to kill.

In Year Three of the series, Superman was put in a magic comatose sleep, where events played out differently in his dream scenario; in this dream world, Superman imagines he had broken free of the fear gas in time to save Lois and their unborn child. Lois eventually gave birth to their daughter Lara Lane-Kent. Superman and Lois live a happy and normal life, raising their daughter Lara, who eventually develop superpowers and with her father's guidance becomes a superhero of her own. Superman is eventually awakened from his slumber by Ares and is left feeling angrier and bitterer after realizing and living the life he could've had with Lois and their child; in Year Five, in an alternate world, Lois and Clark are shown happily visiting Clark's parents, telling them that she is pregnant.

DC Comics Bombshells[edit]

In the DC Comics Bombshells alternate history retelling of World War II, Eloisa "Lois" Lane is a mixed-race 17-year-old newspaper hawker from Metropolis' Cuban district. She is kidnapped by criminals working for Killer Frost but is rescued by the Batgirls, a group of primarily-female vigilantes from Gotham City, she later partners with the heroes to defeat Hugo Strange, the man who crippled her mother.^[120] Later in the series, she gets a job working at the Gotham Gazette for Vicki Vale.

In other media[edit]

Newspaper comic strip[edit]

Lois Lane was featured in her own newspaper comic strip, Lois Lane, Girl Reporter, the 1940s comic strips was a spin-off and companion to the Superman strip. Lois Lane, Girl Reporter accompany the Superman Sunday strip in the Cleveland Plain Dealer and originally ran between October 24, 1943 to February 27, 1944. A total of twelve comic strips were produced,^[121] she also appeared in the Superman daily newspaper comic strip, distributed by McClure Syndicate which ran continuously from January 1939 to May 1966. With a separate Sunday strip added on November 5, 1939.

Radio[edit]

Actress Rolly Bester first voiced Lois Lane in the 1940s radio serial The Adventures of Superman (1940-1951), followed by Helen Choate, for the bulk of the series run, Lois Lane was voiced by Joan Alexander.

Broadway musical[edit]

In 1966, actress Patricia Marand played Lois Lane in the Broadway musical It's a Bird, It's a Plane, It's a Superman. For her performance, she was nominated for the Tony Award as Best Supporting or Featured Actress (Musical). Actress Lesley Ann Warren portrayed Lois in the television production of It's a Bird, It's a Plane, It's Superman in 1975 opposite David Wilson. Warren was among the many actresses who auditioned for the role of Lois Lane in the 1978 film Superman; in the March 2013 Encores! production of the musical held at the New York City Center, Lois was played by Jenny Powers.

Animations[edit]

Fleischer Superman cartoons[edit]

Fleischer and Famous Studios produced seventeen Superman theatrical cartoons from 1941 to 1943, the first nine animated short was produced by Fleischer Studios and the final eight were produced by Famous Studios. The animated shorts are considered as some of the finest quality animation produced during the Golden Age of American animation. The first cartoon in the series titled Superman was nominated for an Academy Award in 1941 and was voted #33 of the 50 Greatest Cartoons of all time. This is the first animated series to feature the character, Superman. Lois Lane was voiced by Joan Alexander who played Lois on the Superman radio series.

The New Adventures of Superman[edit]

Joan Alexander returned to voice Lois Lane in the 1960s Filmation animated TV series The New Adventures of Superman.

Super Friends[edit]

Lois Lane has made some appearances in the Super Friends series:

• Lois makes an appearance in "Superfriends, Rest in Peace" from the Challenge of the Super Friends season.
• In The World's Greatest Super Friends season, Lois appears in the episode "Lex Luthor Strikes Back" voiced by Shannon Farnon.
• In the Super Friends episode "The Ice Demon", Lois and Clark Kent investigate a mysterious Ice Monster story.
• Lois makes two cameo appearances in the Super Friends: The Legendary Super Powers Show season in the episodes "The Bride of Darkseid" and "Reflections in Crime".

Superman[edit]

Ginny McSwain voiced Lois Lane in the 1988 animated Saturday morning television series Superman produced by Ruby-Spears Productions. This series is the third animated Superman series.

DC Animated Universe[edit]

Superman: The Animated Series[edit]

Actress Dana Delany voiced Lois Lane in the 1990s Superman: The Animated Series. Delany based her performance on Rosalind Russell's character in the film His Girl Friday; in this version, series creator Bruce Timm and character designer James Tucker portrayed the character more like her original Golden Age comic counterpart, in that at first her relationship with Clark Kent was very much a rivalry about which was the better reporter. She would at times actively attempt to trick him out of stories, but Lois eventually learns to respect Clark, and in episodes like "The Late Mr. Kent" takes a faked death of Clark significantly hard, admitting to Superman that she regretted never telling her rival she respected and loved him as a person and a reporter; in this version, Lois constantly teases Clark by calling him "Smallville" (a line since adapted for mainstream comics).

At first skeptical about Superman, Lois grows closer to him throughout the series. Lois had mentioned that she previously dated Lex Luthor before she dumped him; in the three-part story "World's Finest", Wayne Enterprises CEO Bruce Wayne arrives in Metropolis and starts a relationship with Lois. Lois actually considers moving to Gotham City much to Clark's dismay, she ends the relationship after discovering that Bruce is the infamous masked vigilante Batman. Superman and Lois did not share their first kiss until the final moments of this animated series' last episode "Legacy" (although Lois had kissed an alternate version of Superman in the episode "Brave New Metropolis").

Lois appears in the comic book series Superman Adventures, which is based on Superman: The Animated Series, the comic book series ran from November 1996 to April 2002.

Justice League and Justice League Unlimited[edit]

Lois, once again voiced by Dana Delany, appeared in the animated series Justice League and its successor Justice League Unlimited, all of which are a part of the DC animated universe. Superman and Lois are shown to be dating by the time of Justice League Unlimited.

The Batman[edit]

Dana Delany reprises her role as Lois Lane in a two-part story in The Batman TV series. Lois and Jimmy Olsen are in Gotham City reporting on Superman's visit to deliver a check from Metropolis. When Metallo attacks Superman, Lois and Jimmy follow the fight to the junkyard, after Batman and Superman defeated Metallo, she asks for an interview. Back in Metropolis, she is kidnapped by Clayface and Black Mask for Lex Luthor to lure and infuriate Superman. After being rescued, Lois tells Superman that Black Mask was working with Luthor, Superman leaves to confront Luthor.

Superman: Brainiac Attacks[edit]

Lois Lane appears in the 2006 animated feature film Superman: Brainiac Attacks voiced by Dana Delany, the film's visual style is the same as the television series Superman: The Animated Series.

Superman: Doomsday[edit]

Actress Anne Heche voiced Lois Lane in the 2007 animated feature film Superman: Doomsday, the film was adapted from the popular DC Comics storyline The Death of Superman. In the film, Lois is in a relationship with Superman but is only "unofficially" aware of his identity as Clark Kent. It's only after Superman's death that Lois reveals to Martha Kent she knows her son is Superman, after Superman's resurrection, he finally reveals his secret identity to Lois (telling her that he was a spelling Bee champion while growing up in Smallville). Lois reacts by leaping into Clark's arms and kissing him.

Justice League: The New Frontier[edit]

Actress Kyra Sedgwick voiced Lois Lane in the animated film Justice League: The New Frontier. Lois is a radio and TV announcer in the film.

Batman: The Brave and the Bold[edit]

In Batman: The Brave and the Bold episode "The Super-Batman of Planet X!", the respective fictional universes of Batman and Superman are merged to create a unique setting based on France Herron's 1958 story in Batman #113. Vilsi Vaylar, a reporter for the Solar Cycle Globe from the planet Zur-En-Arrh is an amalgam of Lois Lane and Vicki Vale. Vilsi Vaylar was voiced by Dana Delany.

Lois appears in the episode "Battle of the Superheroes!" voiced by Sirena Irwin. She is first seen being captured by Lex Luthor, only to be saved by Batman. When Lois unknowingly receives a Red Kryptonite necklace, it causes Superman to turn evil, she and Jimmy Olsen were rescued by Krypto when Superman attacked their protest march. Batman and Krypto had to fight Superman until the effects of the Red Kryptonite wore off. Lois and Jimmy were present when Batman and Superman found the real Luthor since the one that was arrested before was one of Luthor's robotic duplicates.

Superman/Batman: Public Enemies[edit]

Lois appears briefly in a non-speaking cameo in the final scenes of the animated film Superman/Batman: Public Enemies.

All-Star Superman[edit]

Actress Christina Hendricks voiced Lois Lane in the 2011 animated feature film All-Star Superman,^[122] which is based on the acclaimed comic book series of the same name by Grant Morrison.

Justice League: Doom[edit]

Actress Grey DeLisle voiced Lois Lane in the animated film Justice League: Doom. Lois only briefly appears in the film, first, she is seen calling Clark Kent about a man committing suicide by jumping off a building. Then she is seen kneeling next to Superman holding his hand on the street of Metropolis and asking the Justice League for help after Superman is shot by Metallo with a Kryptonite bullet.

Superman vs The Elite[edit]

Actress Pauley Perrette voiced Lois Lane in the 2012 animated feature film Superman vs The Elite.

Superman: Unbound[edit]

Actress Stana Katic voiced Lois Lane in the 2013 animated feature film Superman: Unbound.

Tales of Metropolis[edit]

Actress Maria Bamford voiced Lois Lane in the animated shorts Tales of Metropolis.

Justice League: The Flashpoint Paradox[edit]

Actress Dana Delaney reprises her role as Lois Lane in the animated film Justice League: The Flashpoint Paradox.^[123]

Justice League: War[edit]

Lois appears in a non-speaking role at the end of Justice League: War.

Justice League: Throne of Atlantis[edit]

Lois Lane, voiced by Juliet Landau, appears in the animated film Justice League: Throne of Atlantis.

Justice League: Gods and Monsters[edit]

Paget Brewster voiced a parallel universe version of Lois Lane in the animated film Justice League: Gods and Monsters. She is a news reporter for "PLANETNWZ.COM" and a harsh critic of the Justice League's violent and destructive method (due to her skepticism about the League and her father's death caused by one of Superman's confrontations, as revealed in the prequel comic), she changes her mind about them after they stop Dr. Magnus from taking over the world. Lois appeared in the tie-in comic book series and web series Justice League: Gods and Monsters Chronicles.

Lego DC Comics Super Heroes: Justice League: Attack of the Legion of Doom[edit]

Lois Lane appears in the animated film Lego DC Comics Super Heroes: Justice League: Attack of the Legion of Doom voiced by Grey Griffin.

DC Super Hero Girls[edit]

Lois Lane appears as a news reporter in the animated series DC Super Hero Girls voiced by Alexis G. Zall, her character also appears in the comic books and the animated films related to the series.

Live-action films[edit]

1940s and 1950s Superman films[edit]

Actress Noel Neill first played Lois Lane in the Saturday movie serials Superman (1948) and Atom Man vs. Superman (1950) with Kirk Alyn as Clark Kent/Superman. Phyllis Coates played the character in the theatrical feature Superman and the Mole Men (1951) opposite George Reeves. Both actresses made television appearances as Lois Lane.

Christopher Reeve Superman films[edit]

Canadian-born actress Margot Kidder played Lois Lane opposite Christopher Reeve in Superman (1978), Superman II (1980), Superman III (1983), and Superman IV: The Quest for Peace (1987).

There was a very specific concept the filmmakers had for Lois: liberated, hard-nosed, witty and attractive. Kidder was cast because director Richard Donner and the producers agreed that her performance had a certain spark and vitality, and because of her strong interaction with Christopher Reeve. Donner feels Kidder seemed to convey the general American concept of Lois Lane—pretty, pert and perky, intelligent and ambitious without being pushy.^[124] Actresses who auditioned for the role include Anne Archer, Deborah Raffin, Susan Blakely, Stockard Channing and Lesley Ann Warren.

Kidder appeared in two episodes of The CW television series Smallville as Dr. Bridgette Crosby, an emissary of Dr. Virgil Swann (played by Christopher Reeve). She declined to make a third appearance on the show after Reeve's death because she felt it would be doing his memory a disservice.

Superman Returns[edit]

Actress Kate Bosworth played Lois Lane in the 2006 film Superman Returns opposite Brandon Routh, directed and produced by Bryan Singer. Superman has returned to earth after many years away and learns that Lois has given birth to a son named Jason White and is engaged to Richard White (Perry White's nephew). Jason is shown starting to develop superpowers of his own, indicating he is Superman's son.

DC Extended Universe[edit]

Man of Steel[edit]

Actress Amy Adams portrays Lois Lane in the 2013 Superman reboot film Man of Steel with Henry Cavill as Clark Kent/Superman, directed by Zack Snyder and produced by Christopher Nolan.^[125]

Snyder on casting Adams as Lois Lane: "Amy has the talent to capture all of the qualities we love about Lois: smart, tough, funny, warm, ambitious and, of course, beautiful."^[126] Snyder said they cast Adams because she is "supermodern".^[127] Producer Deborah Snyder says, "Lois is independent and definitely not a damsel in distress. And she's never afraid to get her hands dirty."^[128] Adams said: "Lois is just very natural, nothing about her is contrived or manufactured." Adams on her character as following the idea of the independent, feisty woman, but set in a more identifiable world. "Snyder's film has a modern take on journalism: a world of blogs, instant news, online paranoia. She has become more of a free-ranging journalist, someone who likes to be hands-on, the nature of the newspaper business has changed so much. There is so much more pressure."^[129] This was the third time Adams auditioned for the role of Lois Lane, she previously auditioned for the role in Superman Returns and the aborted Superman: Flyby.

In the screenplay, Lois' background as a Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist is filled out with a mention of her stint as an embedded reporter with the First Infantry Division of the U.S. Army.^[130] In the film, Lois suggested Clark call himself "Superman" after she noticed the symbol on his chest resembled an English "S". Clark explains that the symbol is the El family crest and on his home planet, it means hope. Screenwriter David S. Goyer has revealed a deleted scene from the film, where after Lois is captured by the FBI, they interrogate her and she refuses to reveal Superman's identity.^[131]

In the film, Lois arrives in the Arctic to research a story about an alien occurrence in the Arctic, she follows a mysterious man into an ice tunnel (a disguised Clark Kent tracking a buried Kryptonian scout ship). When she is attacked by a security droid protecting the ship, Lois is made aware of Clark's abilities when he saves her life, as a result of those events, Lois begins writing an expose piece for the Daily Planet on her mysterious savior. She tracks down Clark's identity to Smallville and interviews his mother, after learning the circumstances surrounding his adopted father's death and Clark's desire to remain hidden from society, Lois ceases writing the piece. When General Zod arrived on Earth, he demanded the citizens of Earth relinquish Kal-El to Zod's custody. Shortly thereafter, Lois is apprehended by the government once her association with Kal-El is known. Superman confronted the government officials to secure Lois' release at a military installation while turning himself over to them. Superman, in cooperation with the military, agrees to surrender to Zod's emissary, who also takes Lois aboard their spaceship, on the ship, Lois escapes with the help of Jor-El, she restores Earth's atmosphere on the ship, restoring Superman's powers and enables him to escape Zod's trap and eventually defeating the Kryptonian forces when they attack Earth. When Zod forces Superman to kill him, Lois consoles Superman, who is distraught after ending Zod's life, at the conclusion, Clark is introduced by Perry White to Lois as the new stringer for the Daily Planet, which will become Clark's new secret identity. Lois, surprised but willing to keep his secret, plays along and welcomes him.

Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice[edit]

Amy Adams reprises her role as Lois Lane in Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice (2016).^[132] On Lois' role in the film, Adams said: "Lois is still sort of like the key to the information" explaining that the character is still very much in the mix because she’s the one acquiring information and putting the pieces together.^[133]

In the beginning of the film, Lois is in Africa interviewing a terrorist group. A massacre breaks out, she is held hostage by the group's leader and is saved by Superman, it is shown Clark and Lois have moved in together and their relationship is still going strong. Lois flies to Washington D.C. to investigate who is behind the attack in Africa when Superman is blamed for the incident. She discovers that Lex Luthor orchestrated the attack and witnesses the bombing at the congressional Superman hearing. Lois tries to convince Clark that Superman still means hope to people, but Clark filled with guilt for not detecting the bomb at hearing goes on a self-imposed exile.

Lex lure Superman from exile by kidnapping Lois and pushing her off a building. Superman learns that Lex has also kidnapped his mother Martha and knows he is Clark Kent and forced him to fight Batman for Martha's life. Lois eventually arrives at the area where Superman and Batman are fighting, she helps Clark convinces Batman not to kill him for Martha's sake and later tries to retrieve the kryptonite spear in nearby water when Doomsday shows up. Superman tells Lois he loves her and she is his world, before sacrificing himself killing Doomsday. Lois is devastated by Clark's death, at the funeral, Martha revealed to Lois that Clark was going to propose to her and gave Lois the engagement ring. In Batman's nightmare/dream, Bruce sees the Flash trying to tell him that "It's Lois, it's Lois Lane. She's the key."

Justice League[edit]

Amy Adams will reprise her role as Lois Lane in the upcoming film Justice League (2017).^[134]

Live-action television[edit]

Adventures of Superman[edit]

Actress Phyllis Coates played Lois Lane in the first season of the television series Adventures of Superman opposite George Reeves as Clark Kent/Superman. She portrayed Ellen Lane, the mother of Lois Lane in the first season of the 1990s television series Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman. Actress Noel Neill played the character from season two to season six, she cameoed in the 1978 film Superman as Lois' mother, and guest starred in the 1980s Superboy series. She appeared in the 2006 film Superman Returns as Lex Luthor's dying wealthy wife.

Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman[edit]

Actress Teri Hatcher portrayed Lois Lane on the television series Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman with Dean Cain as Superman/Clark Kent. Her character was often put into a damsel in distress sequences, often being kidnapped, bound and gagged, the series premiered on ABC in September 1993. This is the first television series or films that shows Clark and Lois' romance fully realized, and the two leading characters getting married during the series run. Hatcher made a guest appearance on the television series Smallville playing Lois' mother Ella in a videotape that she recorded for her daughter before her death.

Smallville[edit]

Actress Erica Durance portrayed Lois Lane on the television series Smallville, the producers of series described the character as "sophisticated, worldly experience, street smart, and a very capable woman". Durance describes Lois as "a tomboy and fiercely independent".^{[135][136][137]} Series developer Alfred Gough said it was always their intention to bring Lois' character into the series.

Lois first appeared in season four as a recurring character but was made part of the regular cast after several episodes. Lois was introduced as the cousin of Chloe Sullivan, the series explored her progression from rebellious teenager to resolute investigative reporter. She began as an annoyance to Clark Kent during season four, but slowly their relationship evolved with Lois demonstrating an insight into Clark even in his more private moments. Eventually, she became his love interest in season eight and his fiancée in the final tenth season. Clark and Lois had a wedding ceremony in the series finale of the show, but the ceremony was interrupted by the coming of Darkseid and Apokolips. The series ends with Clark finally becoming Superman, and a flash forward seven years into the future, where Clark and Lois are still working at the Daily Planet and still trying to find the right time to get married.

The television series was adapted and continued in the comic book series Smallville: Season 11, the comic series continues approximately six months after Clark Kent puts on the costume and debuts as Superman to the world. The series continues to follow the lives and adventures of Clark and Lois as a couple and many other Smallville characters, as they face new challenges and villains.

Smallville's season four DVD box set includes a featurette titled "Being Lois Lane". A retrospective examining the manner in which the character has been depicted over the years in films and television. Three actresses who have portrayed Lois Lane are featured: Noel Neill, Margot Kidder, and Dana Delany.

Video games[edit]

• Lois Lane appears in the Atari 2600 Superman video game. If Superman is hit by one of Lex Luthor's roving Kryptonite satellites, he loses his powers. Touching Lois will restore them. Depending on the difficulty setting, she will either appear immediately when Superman is hit or the player will have to search for her.
• Lois Lane appears in the Famicom/NES Superman video game by Kemco. She provides information to Clark Kent throughout the game.
• Lois Lane appears in the Superman: Shadow of Apokolips video game voiced by Dana Delany.
• Lois Lane appears in the Superman: The Man of Steel video game voiced by Monica Murray.
• Lois Lane appears in the Superman Returns video game voiced by Kate Bosworth, which is based on the movie of the same name.
• Lois Lane appears in the DC Universe Online video game voiced by Adriene Mishler.
• Lois Lane, along with Jimmy Olsen and Professor Hamilton appeared in Superman 64.
• Lois Lane appears as an unlockable playable character in Lego Batman 2: DC Super Heroes voiced by Bridget Hoffman.
• Lois Lane is referenced in Injustice: Gods Among Us. She appears in Superman's set of STAR Labs missions where Lex Luthor kidnaps her and appears as a support card for Superman on the iOS version of the game.
• Lois Lane appears as a non-playable character in Lego Dimensions voiced by Courtenay Taylor. She reports on the merger between Metropolis and Gotham in the game and the players must safely escort her as she does her job.

Books[edit]

Lois Lane[edit]

Lois is the protagonist in the young adult novel series, Lois Lane, written by Gwenda Bond and published by Switch Press, the series follows the adventures of Lois Lane as a savvy, whip-smart, and unafraid contemporary teenage high school girl. The first book in the series, Fallout, was revealed by the author in 2014 and was released on May 1, 2015. Bond revealed the second book, Double Down, in July 2015,^[138] and the book was released on May 1, 2016.^[139]

On the series, Bond said: "Lois is an icon, of course, a superhero without any superpowers ... except her unmatched bravery and smarts. Not to mention her sense of humor and her commitment to truth and justice. She's also one of my all-time favorite characters—which is why I jumped at the chance to write a novel featuring a teen Lois, moving to Metropolis and becoming a reporter for the first time. And, most of all, to get to put Lois front and center in the starring role, obviously."^[140]

Fallout[edit]

Fallout is the first novel in the Lois Lane series by Gwenda Bond.^{[141][142][143]} The novel features a teenage Lois Lane, an Army brat, who has lived all over the world. Lois is starting a new life in Metropolis with her family. While attending a new high school, she tries to solve a mystery as a group known as the Warheads begins to tamper with people's minds via a high-tech immersive video game.

Two prequel short stories: Lois Lane: A Real Work of Art and Lois Lane: Cloudy With a Chance of Destruction was also published by Switch Press. Fallout received positive reviews and was named by Kirkus Reviews one of the "Best Teen Books of 2015" in the science fiction and fantasy category.^[144][145]

Double Down[edit]

Double Down is the second Lois Lane novel by Gwenda Bond and published by Switch Press in May 2016.^{[146][147][148]} The book also received positive reviews.^[149] Double Down continues to follow teenage Lois Lane as she settled into her new life in Metropolis, and has a job that challenges her. Lois finds herself embroiled in a dangerous mystery that brings her closer to the dirty underbelly of Metropolis.

Triple Threat[edit]

In August 2016, Switch Press announced a third Lois Lane novel, Triple Threat,^[150] the book was released in May 2017.

Lois Lane: A Celebration of 75 Years[edit]

This special anniversary anthology—celebrating Lois Lane's seventy-five years in comics—her contributions to the DC Universe and life as a pop-culture icon, the collection compiles more than twenty of the gusty Daily Planet reporter's stories. From her Golden Age no-nonsense 1930s debut in Action Comics #1 to Silver Age stories and her modern adventures as a dauntless journalist. By various writers and artists.^[151]

Examining Lois Lane: The Scoop on Superman's Sweetheart[edit]

The first anthology to explore Lois Lane's many incarnations and multiple adaptations from comic book to various films and television series. Analyzing the character in various media through the perspectives of feminism, gender studies, and cultural studies, the obstacles and decisions faced by her character whose challenges and accomplishments often reflected those of women over the course of the past century. With discussions comparing Lois to mythological heroines, while others explain her importance in popular culture.^[152]

Investigating Lois Lane: The Turbulent History of the Daily Planet's Ace Reporter[edit]

An in-depth look at the character and her history in different media by comic book historian Tim Hanley, from her creation by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster to appearing in animated serials, TV shows, movies, and her own comic books. She has been a paragon of journalistic integrity and the paramour of the world's strongest superhero. Through it all, she remained a fearless and ambitious character and her journey showcases her ability to always escape the gendered limitations of each era and of the superhero genre as a whole.^[153]

DC Archive Editions: Superman's Girlfriend Lois Lane Archives Vol. 1[edit]

DC Archive Editions is a collection of Silver Age Lois Lane stories. Showcase #9–10 and Superman's Girlfriend, Lois Lane #1–8. By various writers and artists.^[154]

Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman[edit]

• Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman: Heat Wave – An original novel based on the ABC television series Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman, by author Michael Jan Friedman and published by HarperCollins.^[155]
• Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman: Exile – Novel based on the television series Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman, by Michael Jan Friedman.^[156]
• Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman: Deadly Games – Based on the television series Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman, by Michael Jan Friedman.^[157]
• Lois & Clark: A Superman Novel – A full-length Lois and Clark novel by author C. J. Cherryh and published by Prima Lifestyles, based on the ABC television series Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman.^[158]

In popular culture[edit]

• There are streets named "Lois Lane" in Albemarle, North Carolina; Southfield, Michigan; Pontiac, Michigan; Mussey Township, Michigan; Kalamazoo, Michigan; Bloomington, Indiana; Newport News, Virginia; the Corporate Park of Staten Island, New York City; Nanaimo, British Columbia; Fullerton, California;Riverside, California; Sydney, New South Wales; Adelaide, South Australia; San Francisco, California; Old Bethpage, New York; Farmingdale, New York; Seaford, New York; Monroe, New York; Monsey, New York; Fenton, Missouri; Norfolk, Massachusetts; Lexington, Massachusetts; Billerica, Massachusetts; Lynn, Massachusetts; Needham, Massachusetts (also called Barbara Road); Huntley, Illinois; and Worcester, Massachusetts.
• The American sitcom Seinfeld made numerous references to Lois Lane over its nine-year run:
  • In the episode "The Outing", Jerry tells a female reporter for a college newspaper "I was attracted to you, too. You remind me of Lois Lane."
  • The episode "The Marine Biologist", when Elaine accuses Jerry of helping a strange woman just so he can take her out on a date, Jerry replies that Superman is never suspected of such intentions when saving a woman's life, prompting Elaine to comment "Well, you're no Superman", to which Jerry responds, "Well, you're no Lois Lane..."
  • In "The Mom & Pop Store" has Elaine tell Jerry she's been doing some snooping for him. "Ah! What'd you find out, Lois?" he replies.
  • In "The Race", Jerry dates a woman named "Lois" and enjoys frequently using her first name and slyly making Superman-related references in her presence.
  • In "The Face Painter", George discovers that a woman he is dating is deaf in one ear and therefore might not have heard him tell her he loves her. "Don't you see what this means?" he says. "It's like the whole thing never happened. It's like when Superman reversed the rotation of the Earth to save Lois Lane!"
  • The episode "The Cartoon" has Jerry make fun of Elaine's drawings, leading her to reply: "It's better than your drawings of naked Lois Lane."
• In Just Jack's 2007 single "Writer's Block", the verse "I'm lovin' Mary Jane, flyin' with Lois Lane" features.
• The Spin Doctors' 1991 album, Pocket Full of Kryptonite, takes its title as a reference to the album's first song, "Jimmy Olsen's Blues". The song is sung from the point of view of Daily Planet photojournalist Jimmy Olsen, who's in love with Lois Lane and jealous of Superman because of it.
• In the song "I-E-A-I-A-I-O" by System of a Down, Lois Lane was mentioned in one of the tongue twisters in the song "Fighting crime, with a partner, Lois Lane, Jimmy Carter."
• In the USA Network television series Monk, Adrian Monk's nurse, Sharona, reveals to a date that her job as the nurse assistant to the obsessive compulsive detective, makes her feel like Lois Lane. Later in the episode, when Sharona follows the killer they've been after, police captain Stottlemeyer snaps at Monk, "Who does Sharona think she is?" Monk answers sheepishly, "Lois Lane."
• In the movie, A Time to Kill (1996) Jake Brigance consults with Ellen Roark about the case and the judge is clearly annoyed and says "If Lois Lane will let us continue".
• In the movie, One Fine Day (1996) the editor of the newspaper reporter Jack Taylor (George Clooney) has a cat named after Lois Lane.
• In the song "Anybody Seen the Popo's" by rapper Ice Cube, Lois Lane is mentioned in the line: "His girlfriend's Lois Lane and if you f—k with her you must smoke cocaine, brother."
• In the song "Superman" by the band Peggy Sue, Lois Lane is mentioned in the line: "I'm in love with Lois Lane, but she doesn't even know my real name."
• In the song "Rapper's Delight" by The Sugarhill Gang, she is mentioned in the line: "I said, "By the way, baby, what's your name?" She said, "I go by the name of Lois Lane." According to the song, the rapper Big Bank Hank tells Lois Lane why he would make a better boyfriend than Superman.
• The punk band Sloppy Seconds's album Endless Bummer include the song "Lois Lane".
• In the movie, Megamind the reporter Roxanne Ritchi is heavily based on Lois Lane.
• The 1967 show Underdog is a parody of Superman and its star reporter Sweet Polly Purebred is based on Lois Lane.
• Keone Madrid directed and choreography a dance video titled "Lois Lane" and features a poem by Rudy Francisco "I'm a Superman, thanks to Lois Lane" which includes the line, "Superman... The Man of steel, big Blue, the last son of Krypton, he is faster than a speeding bullet, stronger than a locomotive, he has Lasers for eyes, X-ray vision and can fly without even flapping his arms, but his most notable power... was Lois Lane, the love of an amazing woman is a phone booth, that can turn a man from a spineless news reporter into a symbol of justice, into the reason why it's safe to walk outside while the sun is sleeping".^[160]
• The That's Entertainment comic shop successfully petitioned the Worcester, Massachusetts City Council to change the name of the private street running alongside the store to "Lois Lane".^[161] On December 28, 2012, the new sign was installed. A celebration at the store followed on December 30, 2012, featuring an unveiling, free sketches of Lois by Paul Ryan, and a Lois Lane lookalike contest.^[162][163]
• Matt Groening, the co-creator of The Simpsons, originally want to name the Comic Book Guy, Louis Lane, and the character is both "obsessed and tormented" by Lois Lane. He was eventually named Jeff Albertson, the decision was made without Matt Groening's presence.^[164]
• In The Simpsons episode "Married to the Blob", during the song "Comic Book Guy's Lament" the Simpsons' version of vintage Spider-Man and Lois Lane comics can be seen. The song, sung by Comic Book Guy includes the line "I've always been happy, to call myself single, no Mary Jane, or Lois Lane, with whom I co-mingle, you could say that I was, an unstackable pringles, I've got original, sign by Siegel and Shuster, but they don't satisfy, in the way that they use to."
• On 30 Rock, in the episode "Grandmentor", Jack asks Liz if she would be interested in writing the screenplay for the greatest love story ever told, to which Liz responds, "You mean Lois Lane's love affair with journalism?"
• "To Lois" a poem by Shane Koyczan is a love letter from Superman to Lois Lane, written from Clark's perspective.^[165]
• In the movie, Mermaids (1990) Kate Flax (Christina Ricci) asks her sister Charlotte (Winona Ryder) if her boyfriend has ever kissed her like Superman kisses Lois Lane.
• "Superhero" by 5 Seconds of Summer includes the line "She met him on the staircase, like Kent and Lois Lane."
• In the Mexican comedy TV series The Captain Hopper, a parody of superhero shows, Captain Hopper says his mother is Lois Lane.
• "Waiting for Superman" by Daughtry includes the line "She's just watching the clouds roll by and they spell her name like Lois Lane."
• "Lois Lane" a song by pop artist Noelle Bean, includes the line "I'm so happy, and now we're flying, like Superman and Lois Lane."
• "Lois Lane" a song by British indie rock band Farrah from the album Moustache includes the line "If you'll be my Lois Lane, I'll be your superman."

See also[edit]

• The Dutch girl group Loïs Lane
• Biblical/Greek origin of name Lois
• Superman and Lois Lane

References[edit]

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lois Lane.

• Lois Lane at DC Comics
• Lois Lane on IMDb
• Lois Lane at DC Database Wikia
• Lois Lane at Smallville Wikia
• "Lois Lane Index". Red Boots. Superman and Lois and Clark. Her many incarnations