The London Borough of Enfield is a London borough in North London. It borders the London Borough of Barnet to the west, the London Borough of Haringey to the south and the London Borough of Waltham Forest to the southeast, as well as the districts of Hertsmere to the northwest, both Welwyn Hatfield and Broxbourne to the north and Epping Forest to the east; the local authority is Enfield London Borough Council. The main towns in the borough are Edmonton, Enfield Town, Southgate. Enfield was recorded in Domesday Book in 1086 as Enefelde, as Einefeld in 1214, Enfeld in 1293, Enfild in 1564: that is'open land of a man called Ēana', or'where lambs are reared', from the Old English feld with an Old English personal name or with Old English ēan'lamb'; the feld would have been a reference to an area cleared of trees within woodland that would become known as Enfield Chase. Enfield Town used to be a small market town in the county of Middlesex, on the edge of the forest, about a day's walk north of London.
As London grew, Enfield Town and its surrounds became a residential suburb, with fast transport links into central London. The current borough was created in 1965 from the former areas of the Municipal Borough of Southgate, the Municipal Borough of Enfield and the Municipal Borough of Edmonton; the armorial bearings of these three boroughs were merged. The heraldic beast on the shield of the Enfield coat of arms is known in heraldry as an "Enfield", is used extensively as a logo representing Enfield by the borough council. In Roman times, Enfield was connected to Londinium by Ermine Street, the great Roman road which stretched all the way up to York. Artefacts found in the early 1900s reveal that there were Roman settlements in the areas that are now Edmonton and Bush Hill Park. In 790 King Offa of Mercia was recorded as giving the lands of Edmonton to St Albans Abbey; the area became strategically important. In the 790s strongholds were built by men loyal to King Alfred the Great, in order to keep the Danes to the east of the River Lea.
After the Norman Conquest, both Enfield and Edmonton were mentioned in Domesday Book. Both had churches, Enfield had 400 inhabitants, Edmonton 300. Enfield is described as having a "parc"; this parc—a forested area for hunting—was key to Enfield's existence in the Middle Ages. Wealthy Londoners came to Enfield first to hunt, to build houses in the green, wooded surroundings. In 1303, Edward I of England granted Enfield a charter to hold a weekly market, which has continued up to this day; the old market cross was removed in the early 20th century to make way for a monument to the coronation of King Edward VII, but was preserved by the horticulturalist E. A. Bowles for his garden at nearby Myddelton House, where it remains today. Enfield Grammar School with its Tudor Old Hall stands next to the Enfield Town Market Place and St. Andrew's Church, the school having been extended several times since 1586. A new hall and further additions were completed shortly before World War II. Nearby was the palace of Edward VI, where Elizabeth I lived while a princess, including during the final illness of Henry VIII.
Edward was taken there to join her, so that in the company of his sister, Edward Seymour, 1st Earl of Hertford could break the news to Edward, formally announcing the death of their royal father in the presence chamber at Enfield, on his knees to make formal obeisance to the boy as King. Elizabeth held court there when she was queen. Enfield has a history of armaments manufacture—see Royal Small Arms Factory; the Lee–Enfield.303 rifle was standard issue for the British Army until 1957, although its usage carried on afterwards for some time. Other firearms manufactured there include the Bren and Sten machine guns—the "en" in both cases denoting the place of manufacture; the world's first solid state circuitry colour televisions were manufactured by Ferguson at their now closed plant in Enfield. The first mass-produced dishwasher was manufactured in Hotpoint's now closed Enfield plant; the Barclays Bank branch in Enfield was the first place in the world to have an cash machine. This historical event was marked by a silver plaque on the wall of the bank, by an English Heritage Blue plaque.
A fine example of a grade II listed art deco factory building can be found along Southbury Road, with the former Ripaults Factory, now an office building for Travis Perkins. The borough's Civic Centre is in Silver Street, Enfield Town, is home to the council. Enfield Town is home to the local credit union, North London Credit Union. In 2007, Enfield Town centre completed a major redevelopment project under the name PalaceXchange while retaining the Palace Gardens Shopping Centre. An extension was added to the existing retail area with many new shops, a second multi-storey car park was built along with a new road layout. A major redevelopment of Edmonton Green including the shopping centre, adjacent municipal housing over a wide area, started in 1999; this is still on-going, provides new housing, health facilities, a new leisure centre, a supermarket, many other civic features. Many local activities are located around the A10 road, on the sites of former industrial enterprises, which has a number of large retail outlets and a large multiplex Cineworld cinema.
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I Want My MTV: The Uncensored Story of the Music Video Revolution is a 2011 book about the rise of American cable television channel MTV, its heyday, its transformation from a music video channel. The book relies entirely on interviews and anecdotes from the cable channel's founders and the artists whose videos appeared on the channel. Over 400 artists and staff of MTV were interviewed by the authors, music journalists Craig Marks and Rob Tannenbaum; the book's name is derived from a marketing campaign launched by the channel in 1981 that featured many of the artists appearing on the channel at the time exclaiming “I Want My MTV!” The primary purpose of the campaign was to encourage cable subscribers to request the channel on their cable TV lineup. The book is published by Dutton Penguin in the United States. Craig Marks has been the editor of three influential publications: Spin and Billboard. In addition, he has written for Rolling Stone, GQ, the New York Times, he is the co-founder of the pop music site Popdust.
Rob Tannenbaum has written for GQ, New York, the New York Times Magazine, Rolling Stone, the Village Voice, the New York Observer, Harper’s Bazaar, George and Playboy. He was the music editor of Blender. "Remember when MTV was just about music videos?" I Want My MTV chronicles the rise of MTV from its early inception at the beginning of cable television's advance into the suburbs and beyond. As an oral history, the authors interview over 400 artists, music industry, video disc-jockeys or VJs; the book follows the evolution of MTV from the first new wave videos imported from Britain, to the introduction of black artists, including Michael Jackson, the rise of hair metal bands. The book concludes its history in 1992 when MTV first revealed the groundbreaking reality show The Real World, grunge music made its debut, MTV broke away from its all-video format; the book covers the hiring of the first VJ's based on Bob Pittman's analysis that the video channel needed human beings. The first five VJs were selected to match certain demographics.
The launch of MTV occurred on August 1, 1981 with the classic MTV promo of the Apollo 11 mission footage. The first video was the Buggles Video Killed the Radio Star. While only a handful of videos were available, played several times a day, it was not long before record executives understood the value of producing a video; this created a one-two effect, according to Tom Freston, where exposure on MTV could lead to more radio airplay and record sales. The ability of MTV to influence record sales, combined with the "I Want My MTV" campaign, led to most cable operators picking up the independent network. Several interviews reveal the artistic side of music video production, the reluctance of some artists to enter the fray, the artists that capitalized on the exposure MTV gave them. One example is Men at a band that the record executives had few expectations, their videos placed their album at number one for 16 weeks. The inability to have a video played on MTV could make or break an artist; the book chronicles the introduction of metal bands to MTV, the criticism that no African-American artists were featured, how Michael Jackson's "Thriller" turned the video music world on its head.
The book concludes with an exploration of the end of programming focused on videos and the introduction of non-music programming, most notably The Real World. This is a partial selection of the people interviewed or highlighted in the book who were instrumental to the creation of MTV: John Lack is credited with coming up with the idea for MTV, he was the executive vice president of the Warner Amex Satellite Entertainment Company. He envisioned video radio. Bob Pittman, Founder; the one-eyed programmer for NBC Radio who came to work on The Movie Channel. He was the first CEO of MTV Networks until 1987, he worked with the record labels to get free videos to play on MTV. Alisa Belletini, creator of House of Style Cindy Crawford and original host of House of Style Tom Freston was the CEO of MTV Networks from 1987 to 2006. Les Garland, executive vice president of programming from 1982 to 1987. Michael Nesmith, a member of the Monkees, Nesmith created the Pop Clips TV show, a precursor to MTV. Todd Rundgren, musical artist in his own right who with his manager came up with the idea for a 24-hour music video channel with a video DJ.
He took his idea to Bob Pittman. A year MTV was announced. Filmmaker James Ponsoldt will write and direct the film adaptation of I Want My MTV, which does not yet have a release date. I Want My MTV was named one of the Best Books of 2011 by NPR and Spin.“As will be evident by now, I Want My MTV is compulsively entertaining, hugely edifying… and profound.” - Jessica Winter, Time.“I Want My MTV is an oral history of the network's first 10 years, chronicling its conception, its launch, its unprecedented rise to power, its wholesale abandonment of the music video format.” - Stephen Deusner, Pitchfork.“I guarantee you'll have a tough time putting it down. After you finish, your brain will be overloaded with random trivia to spout at dinner parties.” - Whitney Matheson, USA Today.“The book is full of nostalgia and inside tidbits, with lots of bizarre stories about animals on video sets, such as the doves that may or may not have been sucked into a fan, chopped up and splattered all over Prince during a long-ago video shoot… you will want this book.”
- J. Freedom du Lac, The Washington Post. Original I Want My MTV Video
Roger Paquin is a Quebec politician, he served as the member for Saint-Jean in the Quebec National Assembly as a member of the Parti Québécois from 1994 until 2003. Paquin was born in Montreal, He earned a Bachelor of Arts degree, a Bachelor of Science degree in Biology, a Masters Degree in science didactics from the Université de Montréal, he obtained a certificate in cognitive style mapping from Oakland Community College in and a certificate in project management from the Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières. Paquin was a Professor of Biology at the Cégep de Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu and served as a professional in the General Directorate of Collegial Education at the Quebec Ministry of Education. Paquin served as secretary and the president of his local PQ riding executive, he become Chairman of the National Council of the provincial party, he ran in Saint-Jean in 1994, the election ended in a tie between him and Liberal incumbent Michel Charbonneau with 16,536 votes each. A by-election was called and a month Paquin won by 532 votes.
He was re-elected without any difficulty in 1998. He was Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister responsible for the Montérégie Region in the Bouchard government, he went on to become Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of the Environment and the Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of the Environment and Water in both the Bouchard and the Landry governments Paquin sought re-election in 2003, lost to Liberal Jean-Pierre Paquin