1.
Chicago
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Chicago, officially the City of Chicago, is the third-most populous city in the United States. With over 2.7 million residents, it is the most populous city in the state of Illinois, and it is the county seat of Cook County. In 2012, Chicago was listed as a global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. Chicago has the third-largest gross metropolitan product in the United States—about $640 billion according to 2015 estimates, the city has one of the worlds largest and most diversified economies with no single industry employing more than 14% of the workforce. In 2016, Chicago hosted over 54 million domestic and international visitors, landmarks in the city include Millennium Park, Navy Pier, the Magnificent Mile, Art Institute of Chicago, Museum Campus, the Willis Tower, Museum of Science and Industry, and Lincoln Park Zoo. Chicagos culture includes the arts, novels, film, theater, especially improvisational comedy. Chicago also has sports teams in each of the major professional leagues. The city has many nicknames, the best-known being the Windy City, the name Chicago is derived from a French rendering of the Native American word shikaakwa, known to botanists as Allium tricoccum, from the Miami-Illinois language. The first known reference to the site of the current city of Chicago as Checagou was by Robert de LaSalle around 1679 in a memoir, henri Joutel, in his journal of 1688, noted that the wild garlic, called chicagoua, grew abundantly in the area. In the mid-18th century, the area was inhabited by a Native American tribe known as the Potawatomi, the first known non-indigenous permanent settler in Chicago was Jean Baptiste Point du Sable. Du Sable was of African and French descent and arrived in the 1780s and he is commonly known as the Founder of Chicago. In 1803, the United States Army built Fort Dearborn, which was destroyed in 1812 in the Battle of Fort Dearborn, the Ottawa, Ojibwe, and Potawatomi tribes had ceded additional land to the United States in the 1816 Treaty of St. Louis. The Potawatomi were forcibly removed from their land after the Treaty of Chicago in 1833, on August 12,1833, the Town of Chicago was organized with a population of about 200. Within seven years it grew to more than 4,000 people, on June 15,1835, the first public land sales began with Edmund Dick Taylor as U. S. The City of Chicago was incorporated on Saturday, March 4,1837, as the site of the Chicago Portage, the city became an important transportation hub between the eastern and western United States. Chicagos first railway, Galena and Chicago Union Railroad, and the Illinois, the canal allowed steamboats and sailing ships on the Great Lakes to connect to the Mississippi River. A flourishing economy brought residents from rural communities and immigrants from abroad, manufacturing and retail and finance sectors became dominant, influencing the American economy. The Chicago Board of Trade listed the first ever standardized exchange traded forward contracts and these issues also helped propel another Illinoisan, Abraham Lincoln, to the national stage
2.
Gold Coast Historic District (Chicago)
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The Gold Coast Historic District is a historic district in Chicago, Illinois. Part of Chicagos Near North Side community area, it is bounded by North Avenue, Lake Shore Drive, Oak Street. The Gold Coast neighborhood grew in the wake of the Great Chicago Fire, in 1882, millionaire Potter Palmer moved to the area from the Prairie Avenue neighborhood on the citys south side. He filled in an area which later became Lake Shore Drive, and built the Palmer Mansion. Other wealthy Chicagoans followed Potter into the neighborhood, which one of the richest in Chicago. In the late 1980s, the Gold Coast and neighboring Streeterville comprised the second most-affluent neighborhood in the United States, today, the neighborhood is a mixture of mansions, row houses, and high-rise apartments. Highlights include the Astor Street District and the James Charnley House, the district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. The mayors office map extends the Gold Coast south to the area of Northwestern Universitys Chicago campus, the Consulate-General of Poland in Chicago is located at 1530 North Lake Shore Drive, right next to the International Museum of Surgical Science. As of 2011, Gold Coast ranks as the 7th richest urban neighborhood in America with a household income of $153,358. Chicago Public Schools operates public schools serving the community, Ogden International School of Chicago has its East Campus, which houses elementary school, in the Gold Coast. Residents of the Gold Coast are zoned to Ogden School for grades K-8, while for high school they are zoned to Lincoln Park High School
3.
Philadelphia
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In 1682, William Penn, an English Quaker, founded the city to serve as capital of the Pennsylvania Colony. Philadelphia was one of the capitals in the Revolutionary War. In the 19th century, Philadelphia became an industrial center. It became a destination for African-Americans in the Great Migration. The areas many universities and colleges make Philadelphia a top international study destination, as the city has evolved into an educational, with a gross domestic product of $388 billion, Philadelphia ranks ninth among world cities and fourth in the nation. Philadelphia is the center of activity in Pennsylvania and is home to seven Fortune 1000 companies. The Philadelphia skyline is growing, with a market of almost 81,900 commercial properties in 2016 including several prominent skyscrapers. The city is known for its arts, culture, and rich history, Philadelphia has more outdoor sculptures and murals than any other American city. Fairmount Park, when combined with the adjacent Wissahickon Valley Park in the watershed, is one of the largest contiguous urban park areas in the United States. The 67 National Historic Landmarks in the city helped account for the $10 billion generated by tourism, Philadelphia is the only World Heritage City in the United States. Before Europeans arrived, the Philadelphia area was home to the Lenape Indians in the village of Shackamaxon, the Lenape are a Native American tribe and First Nations band government. They are also called Delaware Indians and their territory was along the Delaware River watershed, western Long Island. Most Lenape were pushed out of their Delaware homeland during the 18th century by expanding European colonies, Lenape communities were weakened by newly introduced diseases, mainly smallpox, and violent conflict with Europeans. Iroquois people occasionally fought the Lenape, surviving Lenape moved west into the upper Ohio River basin. The American Revolutionary War and United States independence pushed them further west, in the 1860s, the United States government sent most Lenape remaining in the eastern United States to the Indian Territory under the Indian removal policy. In the 21st century, most Lenape now reside in the US state of Oklahoma, with communities living also in Wisconsin, Ontario. The Dutch considered the entire Delaware River valley to be part of their New Netherland colony, in 1638, Swedish settlers led by renegade Dutch established the colony of New Sweden at Fort Christina and quickly spread out in the valley. In 1644, New Sweden supported the Susquehannocks in their defeat of the English colony of Maryland
4.
QVC
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QVC is an American cable, satellite and broadcast television network, and multinational corporation specializing in televised home shopping that is owned by Liberty Interactive. QVC was founded on June 13,1986 by Joseph Segel, one of the first brands to sign a two-year deal with QVC for its products was Sears. The corporation later set a new record for first full-year fiscal sales for a new company of $112 million. Initially broadcast live from 7,30 p. m. until midnight ET each weekday and all day on Saturdays and Sundays, QVC acquired its top competitor, the Cable Value Network, in 1989. The $380 million deal contributed to a loss of $17 million during the fiscal quarter. On February 2,1995, Comcast purchased a majority stake in QVC. That year, QVC kicked off the Quest for Americas Best,50 in 50 Tour, q2, a separate channel for more upscale shoppers, was founded in 1994 but abandoned in 1996. QVC. com was started in 1996 as iQVC, in 1998, two former hosts filed a class-action lawsuit against QVC, claiming that they were discriminated against by the shopping channel based on their race. The lawsuit went on to state that QVC refused to allow non-white hosts any permanent daytime/primetime spots, because of this, the non-white hosts were paid considerably less than the white hosts. In July 2003, Comcast sold its majority share to Liberty Media, on September 23,2007, QVC U. S. rebranded itself, changing its logo on-air and online. The rebranding was accompanied by a campaign with the tagline iQdoU. that had preceded the rebrand with billboards in major U. S. cities. Campaign also included a teaser website, on September 30,2010, at 11 p. m. QVC began broadcasting in Italy, both on satellite and through terrestrial television. In 2012, QVC partnered with China National Radio to take operations of its home shopping network. Its initial reach was reported to be 35 million households, in 2013, QVC partnered with Ion Media Networks to bring its programming to broadcast television, through Ion Television. The channel is also broadcast on digital subchannels of low-powered television stations in selected areas, the broadcast service is branded as QVC Over the Air, with an accompanying on-screen bug appearing on the lower right corner of the screen during the networks programming. On April 1,2017, QVC Plus was rebranded as QVC2, with live shows weekdays 6pm-midnight ET and weekends from 10am-3pm ET. The owner of television shopping network QVC announced it is paying $2.4 billion to buy Internet retailer Zulily, QVC HD is a high definition simulcast feed of QVC, which broadcasts in the 1080i resolution format
5.
Loyola University Chicago
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Loyola University Chicago is a private American Catholic research university located in Chicago, Illinois. Founded in 1870 by the Jesuits, today Loyola is one of the largest Catholic universities in the nation, comprising eleven colleges and schools, Loyola offers over 80 undergraduate and 140 graduate/professional programs and enrolls approximately 16,000 students total. Loyola has six campuses located across the Chicago metropolitan area, as well as a campus in Rome and guest programs in Beijing and Ho Chi Minh City. The flagship Lake Shore Campus is located along the shores of Lake Michigan in the Rogers Park and Edgewater neighborhoods of Chicago, Loyolas athletic teams, nicknamed the Ramblers, compete in NCAA Division I as members of the Missouri Valley Conference. Loyola won the 1963 NCAA mens basketball championship, and remains the school from Illinois to do so. The Ramblers are also two-time NCAA champions in mens volleyball, Loyola alumni have won Emmy, Grammy, Peabody, and Pulitzer awards, as well as Guggenheim and MacArthur fellowships. Loyola was established as St. Ignatius College on June 30,1870 by Jesuit priest and educator Fr. At that time Chicago was a smaller but rapidly growing city just shy of 300,000 people. To meet the needs of Chicago, Loyola established professional schools in law, medicine, business. The Chicago College of Dental Surgery became part of the university in 1923, a downtown campus was founded in 1914, and with it the School of Sociology. As the predecessor to the Social of Social Work it enrolled Loyolas first female students, Loyola Academy, a college prep high school, occupied Dumbach Hall on the Lake Shore Campus until it was relocated to north suburban Wilmette in 1957. The current Water Tower Campus opened in 1949, in 1962, Loyola opened a campus in Rome near the site of the 1960 Summer Olympics. The university legally separated from the Jesuits in 1970, and today is under lay control, Loyola purchased neighboring Mundelein College in 1991. Major capital campaigns since the turn of the century have greatly enhanced Loyolas academic profile, in 2005 the Loyola University Museum of Art was established on the Water Tower Campus, and the Rome campus was renamed in honor of Director Emeritus John P. Felice. The $50 million gift is the largest in Loyola history, in 2010, Loyola purchased the Resurrection Retreat Center in Woodstock, which became the schools fifth campus for retreat and ecological study. In 2012, Loyola alumnus Michael R. Quinlan donated $40 million to the business school, during this time over 200,000 square-feet of LEED-certified sustainable spaces have been built on the Lake Shore Campus alone, along with significant mixed-use developments on the Water Tower Campus. Today, Loyola ranks among the top 100 universities in the nation and she is the first female president in the history of the university. Loyolas flagship Lake Shore Campus is located along the shores of Lake Michigan in the Rogers Park and Edgewater neighborhoods on the side of Chicago
6.
United States dollar
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The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States and its insular territories per the United States Constitution. It is divided into 100 smaller cent units, the circulating paper money consists of Federal Reserve Notes that are denominated in United States dollars. The U. S. dollar was originally commodity money of silver as enacted by the Coinage Act of 1792 which determined the dollar to be 371 4/16 grain pure or 416 grain standard silver, the currency most used in international transactions, it is the worlds primary reserve currency. Several countries use it as their currency, and in many others it is the de facto currency. Besides the United States, it is used as the sole currency in two British Overseas Territories in the Caribbean, the British Virgin Islands and Turks and Caicos Islands. A few countries use the Federal Reserve Notes for paper money, while the country mints its own coins, or also accepts U. S. coins that can be used as payment in U. S. dollars. After Nixon shock of 1971, USD became fiat currency, Article I, Section 8 of the U. S. Constitution provides that the Congress has the power To coin money, laws implementing this power are currently codified at 31 U. S. C. Section 5112 prescribes the forms in which the United States dollars should be issued and these coins are both designated in Section 5112 as legal tender in payment of debts. The Sacagawea dollar is one example of the copper alloy dollar, the pure silver dollar is known as the American Silver Eagle. Section 5112 also provides for the minting and issuance of other coins and these other coins are more fully described in Coins of the United States dollar. The Constitution provides that a regular Statement and Account of the Receipts and that provision of the Constitution is made specific by Section 331 of Title 31 of the United States Code. The sums of money reported in the Statements are currently being expressed in U. S. dollars, the U. S. dollar may therefore be described as the unit of account of the United States. The word dollar is one of the words in the first paragraph of Section 9 of Article I of the Constitution, there, dollars is a reference to the Spanish milled dollar, a coin that had a monetary value of 8 Spanish units of currency, or reales. In 1792 the U. S. Congress passed a Coinage Act, Section 20 of the act provided, That the money of account of the United States shall be expressed in dollars, or units. And that all accounts in the offices and all proceedings in the courts of the United States shall be kept and had in conformity to this regulation. In other words, this act designated the United States dollar as the unit of currency of the United States, unlike the Spanish milled dollar the U. S. dollar is based upon a decimal system of values. Both one-dollar coins and notes are produced today, although the form is significantly more common
7.
Inventor
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An invention is a unique or novel device, method, composition or process. The invention process is a process within an overall engineering and product development process and it may be an improvement upon a machine or product or a new process for creating an object or a result. An invention that achieves a unique function or result may be a radical breakthrough. Such works are novel and not obvious to others skilled in the same field, an inventor may be taking a big step in success or failure. A patent legally protects the property rights of the inventor. The rules and requirements for patenting an invention vary from country to country, another meaning of invention is cultural invention, which is an innovative set of useful social behaviours adopted by people and passed on to others. The Institute for Social Inventions collected many such ideas in magazines, Invention is also an important component of artistic and design creativity. Inventions often extend the boundaries of knowledge, experience or capability. Brainstorming also can spark new ideas for an invention, collaborative creative processes are frequently used by engineers, designers, architects and scientists. Co-inventors are frequently named on patents, in addition, many inventors keep records of their working process - notebooks, photos, etc. including Leonardo da Vinci, Galileo Galilei, Evangelista Torricelli, Thomas Jefferson and Albert Einstein. In the process of developing an invention, the idea may change. The invention may become simpler, more practical, it may expand, working on one invention can lead to others too. History shows that turning the concept of an invention into a device is not always swift or direct. Inventions may also more useful after time passes and other changes occur. For example, the became more useful once powered flight was a reality. Invention is often a creative process, an open and curious mind allows an inventor to see beyond what is known. Seeing a new possibility, connection, or relationship can spark an invention, inventive thinking frequently involves combining concepts or elements from different realms that would not normally be put together. Sometimes inventors disregard the boundaries between distinctly separate territories or fields, several concepts may be considered when thinking about invention
8.
Entrepreneurship
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What appears as a real opportunity ex ante might actually be a non-opportunity or one that cannot be actualized by entrepreneurs lacking the necessary business skills, financial or social capital. Traditionally, an entrepreneur has been defined as a person who starts, organizes and manages any enterprise, especially a business, usually with considerable initiative and risk. Rather than working as an employee, an entrepreneur runs a business and assumes all the risk and reward of a given business venture, idea. The entrepreneur is commonly seen as a leader and innovator of new ideas. They act as the manager and oversee the launch and growth of an enterprise, Entrepreneurship is the process by which an individual identifies a business opportunity and acquires and deploys the necessary resources required for its exploitation. For Schumpeter, the changes and dynamic disequilibrium brought on by the innovating entrepreneur, the ‘norm’ of a healthy economy. Entrepreneurial spirit is characterized by innovation and risk-taking, for example, in the 2000s, the field of social entrepreneurship has been identified, in which entrepreneurs combine business activities with humanitarian, environmental or community goals. In the 2010s, entrepreneurship can be studied in college or university as part of the disciplines of management or business administration, Entrepreneur, is a loanword from French. First used in 1723, today the term entrepreneur implies qualities of leadership, initiative, economist Robert Reich has called team-building, leadership, and management ability essential qualities for the entrepreneur. Historically the study of entrepreneurship reaches back to the work in the late 17th and early 18th centuries of Richard Cantillon and Adam Smith, which was foundational to classical economics. In the 20th century, entrepreneurship was studied by Joseph Schumpeter in the 1930s and other Austrian economists such as Carl Menger, Ludwig von Mises, the term entrepreneurship was coined around the 1920s, while the loan from French of the word entrepreneur dates to the 1850s. According to Schumpeter, an entrepreneur is willing and able to convert a new idea or invention into a successful innovation, thus, creative destruction is largely responsible for long-term economic growth. The idea that leads to economic growth is an interpretation of the residual in endogenous growth theory. For Schumpeter, entrepreneurship resulted in new industries and in new combinations of currently existing inputs, Schumpeters initial example of this was the combination of a steam engine and then current wagon making technologies to produce the horseless carriage. In this case the innovation, the car, was transformational and it did not immediately replace the horse-drawn carriage, but in time, incremental improvements reduced the cost and improved the technology, leading to the modern auto industry. Despite Schumpeters early 20th-century contributions, traditional microeconomic theory did not formally consider the entrepreneur in its theoretical frameworks, in this treatment, the entrepreneur was an implied but unspecified actor, consistent with the concept of the entrepreneur being the agent of x-efficiency. For Schumpeter, the entrepreneur did not bear risk, the capitalist did, Schumpeter was of the opinion that entrepreneurs shift the Production Possibility Curve to a higher level using innovations. Cantillon emphasized the willingness of the entrepreneur to assume risk and to deal with uncertainty, thus, he draws attention to the function of the entrepreneur, and distinguishes clearly between the function of the entrepreneur and the owner who provides the money
9.
Celebrity
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Celebrity status is often associated with wealth, while fame often provides opportunities to make money. Successful careers in sports and entertainment are commonly associated with celebrity status, People may also become celebrities due to media attention on their lifestyle, wealth, or controversial actions, or for their connection to a famous person. Throughout recorded history there are accounts of people who attracted the trappings of celebrity which would be recognized today, athletes in Ancient Greece were welcomed home as heroes, had songs and poems written in their honor, and received free food and gifts from those seeking celebrity endorsement. Ancient Rome similarly lauded actors and notorious gladiators, and Julius Caesar appeared on a coin in his own lifetime, in the 12th century, Thomas Becket became famous following his murder. He was promoted by the Christian Church as a martyr and images of him, the cult of personality can be traced back to the Romantics in the 18th Century, whose livelihood as artists and poets depended on the currency of their reputation. The establishment of cultural hot-spots became an important factor in the process of generating fame, for example, London, newspapers started including gossip columns and certain clubs and events became places to be seen in order to receive publicity. The movie industry spread around the globe in the first half of the 20th Century, yet, celebrity wasnt always tied to actors in films, especially when cinema was starting out as a medium. The second half of the century saw television and popular music bring new forms of celebrity, such as the rock star, unlike movies, television created celebrities who were not primarily actors, for example, presenters, talk show hosts and news readers. In the sixties and early seventies the book publishing industry began to persuade major celebrities to put their names on autobiographies and other titles in a genre called celebrity publishing. In most cases the book was not written by the celebrity but by a ghost-writer, cultures and regions with a significant population may have their own independent celebrity systems, with distinct hierarchies. For example, the Canadian province of Quebec, which is French-speaking, has its own system of French-speaking television, movie, a person who garners a degree of fame in one culture may be considered less famous or obscure in another. S. Whereas the francophone Canadian singer Celine Dion is well known in both the French-speaking world and in the United States, regions within a country, or cultural communities can also have their own celebrity systems, especially in linguistically or culturally distinct regions such as Quebec or Wales. Regional radio personalities, newscasters, politicians or community leaders may be local or regional celebrities and these informal rankings indicate a placing within a hierarchy. However, due to differing levels of celebrity in different regions, a Brazilian actor might be a B-list action film actor in the U. S. but an A-list star in Portugal. Some elements are associated with fame, such as appearing on the cover of Time, being spoofed in Mad, having a wax statue in Madame Tussauds, certain people are known even to people unfamiliar with the area in which they excelled. If one has to name a famous boxer, they are likely to name Muhammad Ali or Mike Tyson. The same phenomenon is true for fictional characters, superman, Spider-Man, The Hulk, Wonder Woman and Batman represent super heroes to a far wider audience than that of the comics and graphic novels in which they appear. Disney have themeparks around the world rely on the fame of its creations headed by Mickey Mouse
10.
Shark Tank
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Shark Tank is an American reality television series that premiered on August 9,2009, on ABC. The show is a franchise of the international format Dragons Den, Shark Tank shows aspiring entrepreneur-contestants as they make business presentations to a panel of shark investors, who then choose whether or not to invest. Shark Tank has been a success in its time slot and has won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Structured Reality Program three times. The show is currently in its season, which premiered on September 23,2016. Shark Tank is produced by Mark Burnett and based on the format Dragons Den, the show, however, more closely resembles the format of the British version, Dragons Den, which premiered in 2005. The show features a panel of investors, called sharks. The sharks are paid for their participation in the show, the entrepreneur can make a deal on the show if a panel member is interested. However, if all of the panel members opt out, the entrepreneur leaves empty-handed, the show is said to portray the drama of pitch meetings and the interaction between the entrepreneurs and tycoons. A one-hour pitch by a contestant is edited down to a dramatic 10-minute segment, two of the shows longstanding sharks, Robert Herjavec and Kevin OLeary, are Canadian entrepreneurs who had previously appeared on the Canadian version of the show, Dragons Den. The sharks often find weaknesses and faults in a concept, product. Some of the try to soften the impact of rejection, like panel member Corcoran, while others such as OLeary can be brutal. In some cases, the entrepreneurs themselves have backed out of the deal after admitting that only wanted to appear on the show for the publicity. However, in October 2013, this requirement was repealed by the network, retroactively, Cuban felt the requirement would lower the quality of the entrepreneurs, as savvy investors would be wary of trading away a portion of their company just for appearing on the show. A number of participants have declined to appear on the show for this reason. Shark Tank premiered in August 2009 and aired 14 episodes through January 2010, in August, it was renewed for a second season. Season 2 premiered with a sneak peek episode on Sunday, March 20,2011, season 2 had 9 episodes,5 of them featuring new panel members. Comedian Jeff Foxworthy and Mark Cuban replaced panel member Kevin Harrington in those episodes. In season 2, Kevin OLeary, Barbara Corcoran, Daymond John, Shark Tanks third season premiered in January 2012
11.
Near North Side, Chicago
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The Near North Side is one of 77 defined community areas of Chicago, Illinois, United States. It is the northernmost of the four areas that constitute Downtown Chicago, the others being the Near West Side, Near South Side, the community area is located north and east of the Chicago River. To its east is Lake Michigan, and its boundary is the 19th-century city limit of Chicago. Of the downtown community areas, the Near North Side has the second largest total area, after the Near West Side, the highest number of skyscrapers, the Near North Side is the oldest part of Chicago. Today this is marked by Pioneer Court, the Gold Coast consists mostly of high-rise apartment buildings and stone mansions throughout. As with many neighborhoods, its borders are subject to dispute, but, generally, they are North Avenue, to the north, Chicago Avenue, to the south. The Gold Coast became the home of the super-rich in 1885, over the next few decades, Chicagos elite gradually migrated from Prairie Avenue to their new homes north of the Loop. Along almost every boulevard of the Gold Coast, upscale boutiques, also, Aston Martin, BMW, Bentley, Bugatti, Lamborghini, Maserati, Rolls-Royce, and Tesla all have dealerships in the Gold Coast. Many of Chicagos best known restaurants are located here as well, carmines, Gibsons, Hugos Frog Bar, Lou Malnatis Pizzeria, Maple & Ash, the original Mortons, Nico Osteria, the Pump Room, Spiaggia, and Table Fifty-Two are in the area. The Gold Coast Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on January 30,1978, the Gold Coast is zoned to the following Chicago Public Schools schools, Ogden School, and Lincoln Park High School. The prestigious Latin School, is located in the neighborhood as well and it crosses portions of the community areas of southern Lincoln Park, as well as the northern Near North Side, and is part of Chicagos 43rd ward. This historic district sits within the Old Town Triangle Association, a Lincoln Park neighborhood bounded by the former Ogden Avenue right-of-way, Clark Street and it sits inside the community area of Lincoln Park and is part of Chicagos 43rd ward. Old Town north of North Avenue is in Lincoln Park, and it is now an affluent gentrified neighborhood. Old Town is now considered an affluent and historic neighborhood, home to many of Chicagos older Victorian-era buildings, the neighborhood is home to St. Michaels Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michaels, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, many of the streets and alleys, particularly in the Old Town Triangle section, predate the Great Chicago Fire and do not all adhere to the typical Chicago grid pattern. In 1927, sculptors Sol Kogen and Edgar Miller purchased and subsequently rehabilitated a house on Burton Place, near Wells Street, through the 1930s, an art colony emerged in the neighborhood as artists moved from the Towertown neighborhood near Washington Square Park. Old Town was home to many gays and lesbians from the 1950s through the 1980s and this was the first gay ghetto in Chicago, predating the current Lake View neighborhood. There were numerous gay bars, now closed, along Wells Street
12.
Chicago Tribune
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The Chicago Tribune is a daily newspaper based in Chicago, Illinois, United States, owned by tronc, Inc. formerly Tribune Publishing. The Tribune was founded by James Kelly, John E. Wheeler, forrest, publishing its first edition on June 10,1847. The paper saw numerous changes in ownership and editorship over the eight years. Initially, the Tribune was not politically affiliated but tended to either the Whig or Free Soil parties against the Democrats in elections. By late 1853, it was frequently running xenophobic editorials that criticized foreigners, about this time it also became a strong proponent of temperance. Ray became editor-in-chief, Medill became the editor, and Alfred Cowles, Sr. brother of Edwin Cowles. Each purchased one third of the Tribune, under their leadership the Tribune distanced itself from the Know Nothings and became the main Chicago organ of the Republican Party. However, the continued to print anti-Catholic and anti-Irish editorials. Between 1858 and 1860, the paper was known as the Chicago Press & Tribune, on October 25,1860, it became the Chicago Daily Tribune. Before and during the American Civil War, the new editors pushed an abolitionist agenda and strongly supported Abraham Lincoln, the paper remained a force in Republican politics for years afterwards. In 1861, the Tribune published new lyrics for the song John Browns Body by William W. Patton, Medill served as mayor of Chicago for one term after the Great Chicago Fire of 1871. Under the 20th-century editorship of Colonel Robert R. Joseph McCarthy, when McCormick assumed the position of co-editor in 1910, the Tribune was the third-best-selling paper among Chicagos eight dailies, with a circulation of only 188,000. At the same time, the Tribune competed with the Hearst paper, by 1914, the cousins succeeded in forcing out Managing Editor William Keeley. By 1918, the Examiner was forced to merge with the Chicago Herald, in 1919, Patterson left the Tribune and moved to New York to launch his own newspaper, the New York Daily News. In a renewed war with Hearsts Herald-Examiner, McCormick and Hearst ran rival lotteries in 1922. The Tribune won the battle, adding 250,000 readers to its ranks, also in 1922, the Chicago Tribune hosted an international design competition for its new headquarters, the Tribune Tower. The competition worked brilliantly as a publicity stunt, and more than 260 entries were received, the winner was a neo-Gothic design by New York architects John Mead Howells and Raymond Hood. The newspaper sponsored an attempt at Arctic aviation in 1929
13.
J. C. Penney
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J. C. Penney Company, Inc. is a department store with 1,014 locations in 49 U. S. states and Puerto Rico. Most JCPenney stores are located in shopping malls. Before 1966, most of its stores were located in downtown areas, as shopping malls became more popular during the latter half of the 20th century, JCPenney followed the trend by relocating and developing stores to anchor the malls. In more recent years, the chain has continued to follow consumer traffic, echoing the retailing trend of opening some freestanding stores, certain stores are located in power centers. The company has been an Internet retailer since 1998 and it has streamlined its catalog and distribution while undergoing renovation improvements at store level. James Cash Penney was born in Hamilton, Missouri, after graduating from high school, Penney worked for a local retailer. He relocated to Colorado at the advice of a doctor, hoping that a better climate would improve his health, in 1898, Penney went to work for Thomas Callahan and Guy Johnson, who owned dry goods stores called Golden Rule stores in Colorado and Wyoming. In 1899, Callahan sent Penney to Evanston, Wyoming, to work with Johnson in another Golden Rule store, Callahan and Johnson asked Penney to join them in opening a new Golden Rule store. Using money from savings and a loan, Penney joined the partnership and moved with his wife and infant son to Kemmerer, Wyoming, Penney opened the store on April 14,1902. He participated in the creation of two stores, and purchased full interest in all three locations when Callahan and Johnson dissolved their partnership in 1907. In 1909, Penney moved his headquarters to Salt Lake City, Utah to be closer to banks. By 1912, Penney had 34 stores in the Rocky Mountain States, in 1913, all stores were consolidated under the J. C. Penney banner. The so-called mother store, in Kemmerer, opened as the second location in 1904. It still operates, as of 2011, albeit with shorter hours than other locations. In 1913, the company was incorporated under the new name, J. C. Penney Company, in 1914, the headquarters was moved to New York City to simplify buying, financing, and transportation of goods. By 1917, the company operated 175 stores in 22 states in the United States, J. C. Penney acquired The Crescent Corset Company in 1920, the companys first wholly owned subsidiary. In 1922, the companys oldest active private brand, Big Mac work clothes, was launched, the company opened its 500th store in 1924 in Hamilton, Missouri, James Cash Penneys hometown. By the opening of the 1, 000th store in 1928, in 1940, Sam Walton began working at a J. C. Penney in Des Moines, Iowa
14.
Home Shopping Network
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Home Shopping Network is an American broadcast, basic cable and satellite television network that is owned by HSN, Inc. which also owns catalog company Cornerstone Brands. Based in St. Petersburg, Florida, United States, the shopping channel has former. HSN also has an outlet at HSN. com. Mindy Grossman is the current CEO of the company and she became CEO of HSN in 2006, and aggressively reinvented and relaunched the brand. She took HSN public in 2008, and currently oversees its multibillion-dollar retail portfolio and multimedia expansion. The forerunner of HSN was launched by Lowell Bud Paxson and Roy Speer in 1982 as the Home Shopping Club and its competitor QVC was launched the following year. The idea for HSN had its roots in a radio station managed by Paxson, due to an advertisers liquidity problem in 1977, the company was paid in can openers. Left with having to raise the funds, on-air personality Bob Circosta went on the radio, the can openers sold out, and an industry was born. Circosta later became the new networks first ever home shopping host, in 1986, HSN began a second network that broadcast over-the-air on a number of television stations it had acquired under the name Silver King Broadcasting. HSN continues to air on low-power stations, ventana Television has the same street address as HSN, and is the holding company for its broadcast licenses. In 1997, HSN formally launched its second nationwide electronic retail venture, in April 2007, Americas Store ceased operating permanently. Most of the Americas Store hosts were absorbed into the HSN programming schedule, in 1998, Home Shopping Network launched a Spanish-language service Home Shopping en Español on the Univision-owned Galavision cable network. In 2000, the Spanish version rebranded itself as HSE and began broadcasting on low-power stations in the U. S. and it also ceased to broadcast through Galavision. In June 2002, HSE ceased to operate, in 1999, the company launched HSN. com, which as of 2009 is one of the 10 most trafficked e-commerce websites. Bud Paxson died on January 9,2015, in August 2009, HSN launched a high definition simulcast feed, which broadcasts in the 1080i resolution format. At launch, it was carried by Time Warner Cable and Verizon FiOS, it has since been added by other such as Comcast. As of February 2013, the standard definition channel is now merely downscaled at the provider from the HD feed rather than having a channel for 4,3 TVs. HSN launched a channel, HSN2, on August 1,2010
15.
Drop Stop
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Drop Stop is a patented device designed to prevent items from falling down in between a cars front seats and center console. It was invented by Marc Newburger and Jeffrey Simon of Los Angeles, Drop Stop is constructed out of black Neoprene filled with polyester fiberfill and is about 17 inches long. It has a slot sewn into it where the seat belt latch can fit through and this anchors the device, allowing the car seat to slide back-and-forth freely. According to Newburger and Simon, the space between the console and the front seats is always in dark shadow and thus the black color of Drop Stop matches any cars interior. Provided that the gap between a center console and seat is less than 3.5 inches, Drop Stop should fit. However, some cars, for example the BMW M3 and Volkswagen Jetta, the idea was born after Newburger dropped a mobile phone down the gap while driving and almost caused a serious accident trying to retrieve it. Drop Stop was featured on a segment of The Marilyn Denis Show entitled The Best As Seen on TV Products, Drop Stop was also featured on ABCs The View on a special Shark Tank episode where the product was introduced by Lori Greiner alongside the inventors. First airing on March 29,2013, Newburger and Simon appeared on Shark Tank where they made a deal with Greiner for 20% equity in Drop Stop for $300,000. On a follow-up episode of Shark Tank airing on November 22,2013, on March 19,2014, Newburger and Simon were featured with their invention on The Queen Latifah Show where they were referred to as some of Lori’s most successful inventors. On a second episode of Shark Tank airing on December 5,2014. In February 2015, Drop Stop was named one of the nine most successful Shark Tank businesses
16.
United States Patent and Trademark Office
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The USPTO is unique among federal agencies because it operates solely on fees collected by its users, and not on taxpayer dollars. The USPTO is based in Alexandria, Virginia, after a 2005 move from the Crystal City area of neighboring Arlington, the head of the USPTO is Michelle K. Lee. She took up her new role on January 13,2014, on March 13, she formally took office as Director after being nominated by President Barack Obama and confirmed by the U. S. Senate. She formerly served as the Director of the USPTOs Silicon Valley satellite office, the USPTO cooperates with the European Patent Office and the Japan Patent Office as one of the Trilateral Patent Offices. The USPTO mission is to maintain a permanent, interdisciplinary historical record of all U. S. patent applications in order to fulfill objectives outlined in the United States Constitution. The legal basis for the United States patent system is Article 1, Section 8, an additional building in Arlington, Virginia, was opened in 2009. The USPTO was expected by 2014 to open its first ever satellite offices in Detroit, Dallas, Denver, the first satellite office opened in Detroit on July 13,2012. In 2013, due to the sequestration, the satellite office for Silicon Valley. However, renovation and infrastructure updates continued after the sequestration, and the Silicon Valley location is due to open in San Jose City Hall in mid-2015. As of September 30,2009, the end of the U. S. governments fiscal year, of those,6,242 were patent examiners and 388 were trademark examining attorneys, the rest are support staff. They are generally newly graduated scientists and engineers, recruited from universities around the nation. They hold degrees in scientific disciplines, but who do not necessarily hold law degrees. Unlike patent examiners, trademark examiners must be licensed attorneys, all examiners work under a strict, count-based production system. For every application, counts are earned by composing, filing, and mailing a first office action on the merits, the Patent Operations of the office is divided into nine different technology centers that deal with various arts. Prior to 2012, decisions of patent examiners may be appealed to the Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences, the United States Supreme Court may ultimately decide on a patent case. Similarly, decisions of trademark examiners may be appealed to the Trademark Trial and Appeal Board, with subsequent appeals directed to the Federal Circuit, under the America Invents Act, the BPAI was converted to the Patent Trial and Appeal Board or PTAB. In recent years, the USPTO has seen increasing delays between when a patent application is filed and when it issues, to address its workload challenges, the USPTO has undertaken an aggressive program of hiring and recruitment. The USPTO hired 1,193 new patent examiners in Fiscal Year 2006,1,215 new examiners in fiscal 2007, in 2006, USPTO instituted a new training program for patent examiners called the Patent Training Academy
17.
The Wall Street Journal
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The Wall Street Journal is an American business-focused, English-language international daily newspaper based in New York City. The Journal, along with its Asian and European editions, is published six days a week by Dow Jones & Company, the newspaper is published in the broadsheet format and online. The Wall Street Journal is the largest newspaper in the United States by circulation, according to the Alliance for Audited Media, the Journal had a circulation of about 2.4 million copies as of March 2013, compared with USA Todays 1.7 million. The newspaper has won 39 Pulitzer Prizes through 2015 and derives its name from Wall Street in the heart of the Financial District of Lower Manhattan. The Journal has been printed continuously since its inception on July 8,1889, by Charles Dow, Edward Jones, the Journal also publishes the luxury news and lifestyle magazine WSJ. They were later aggregated in a daily summary called the Customers Afternoon Letter. In 1896, The Dow Jones Industrial Average was officially launched and it was the first of several indices of stock and bond prices on the New York Stock Exchange. In 1899, the Journals Review & Outlook column, which still today, appeared for the first time. Journalist Clarence Barron purchased control of the company for US$130,000 in 1902, circulation was then around 7,000, Barron and his predecessors were credited with creating an atmosphere of fearless, independent financial reporting—a novelty in the early days of business journalism. In 1921, Barrons, Americas premier financial weekly, was founded, Barron died in 1928, a year before Black Tuesday, the stock market crash that greatly affected the Great Depression in the United States. Barrons descendants, the Bancroft family, would continue to control the company until 2007, the Journal took its modern shape and prominence in the 1940s, a time of industrial expansion for the United States and its financial institutions in New York. Bernard Kilgore was named managing editor of the paper in 1941, under Kilgore, in 1947, that the paper won its first Pulitzer Prize, for William Henry Grimess editorials. In 1970, Dow Jones bought the Ottaway newspaper chain, which at the time comprised nine dailies, later, the name was changed to Dow Jones Local Media Group. In 2007 News Corp. acquired Dow Jones, a luxury lifestyle magazine, was launched in 2008. A complement to the print newspaper, The Wall Street Journal Online, was launched in 1996, in 2003, Dow Jones began to integrate reporting of the Journals print and online subscribers together in Audit Bureau of Circulations statements. In 2007, it was believed to be the largest paid-subscription news site on the Web. Since then, online subscribership has fallen, due in part to rising subscription costs, in May 2008, an annual subscription to the online edition of The Wall Street Journal cost $119 for those who do not have subscriptions to the print edition. By June 2013, the monthly cost for a subscription to the edition was $22.99, or $275.88 annually
18.
International Standard Book Number
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The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an e-book, a paperback and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, the method of assigning an ISBN is nation-based and varies from country to country, often depending on how large the publishing industry is within a country. The initial ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering created in 1966, the 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108. Occasionally, a book may appear without a printed ISBN if it is printed privately or the author does not follow the usual ISBN procedure, however, this can be rectified later. Another identifier, the International Standard Serial Number, identifies periodical publications such as magazines, the ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 in the United Kingdom by David Whitaker and in 1968 in the US by Emery Koltay. The 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108, the United Kingdom continued to use the 9-digit SBN code until 1974. The ISO on-line facility only refers back to 1978, an SBN may be converted to an ISBN by prefixing the digit 0. For example, the edition of Mr. J. G. Reeder Returns, published by Hodder in 1965, has SBN340013818 -340 indicating the publisher,01381 their serial number. This can be converted to ISBN 0-340-01381-8, the check digit does not need to be re-calculated, since 1 January 2007, ISBNs have contained 13 digits, a format that is compatible with Bookland European Article Number EAN-13s. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an ebook, a paperback, and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, a 13-digit ISBN can be separated into its parts, and when this is done it is customary to separate the parts with hyphens or spaces. Separating the parts of a 10-digit ISBN is also done with either hyphens or spaces, figuring out how to correctly separate a given ISBN number is complicated, because most of the parts do not use a fixed number of digits. ISBN issuance is country-specific, in that ISBNs are issued by the ISBN registration agency that is responsible for country or territory regardless of the publication language. Some ISBN registration agencies are based in national libraries or within ministries of culture, in other cases, the ISBN registration service is provided by organisations such as bibliographic data providers that are not government funded. In Canada, ISBNs are issued at no cost with the purpose of encouraging Canadian culture. In the United Kingdom, United States, and some countries, where the service is provided by non-government-funded organisations. Australia, ISBNs are issued by the library services agency Thorpe-Bowker
19.
Crain's Chicago Business
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Crains Chicago Business is a weekly business newspaper in Chicago. It has a print circulation of 53,313 and a readership of 219,693 per week, ChicagoBusiness. com, the papers digital equivalent, draws over 1 million unique visitors per month and over 2.2 million page views per month. The first issue of Crains Chicago Business is dated April 17,1978, I figured if a business publication worked well in Houston, it would be twice as successful in Chicago, Rance Crain said. Rance Crain was the newspapers first editor-in-chief, while Art Mertz, Rance tapped Steve Yahn, a senior editor at Advertising Age, to develop the prototype, do the initial hiring, and get the paper going, effectively acting as the papers first editor. We wanted to call it Chicago Business, but another guy came out with a paper with a similar name, I told Rance he ought to put the Crain name on our publication to differentiate them, and he did. To promote the new paper, Rance handed out free issues to commuters at Union Station during the rush hour. “While I was passing out copies, a vendor in the station came up to me. “He said, ‘I sure hope you don’t have much of your own money tied up in this, because it’s not going to work. ’” The Chicago business community also greeted the new journal with cynicism. “We would be working on stories and call sources, saying we were with Crain’s Chicago Business, ” said Sandy Pesmen, feature editor at Crains, the people who make the toilets. ’ Some thought we were the plumbing manufacturer. Pretty soon, we were introducing ourselves by saying, “Hello, “The first major sign of encouragement we got was for our lively, contemporary look, ” Steve Yahn said. “A lot of people said it looked as much like a book about the city as a financial publication. And that was exactly the intent — Crains was meant to be a ‘hybrid’ between a city publication and a financial publication. ”From the start, it strove to build its reputation with enterprise reporting, “Rance loves scoops, ” former Crains editor Dan Miller said. “And the ‘scoops mentality’ became immediately ingrained in the culture of the new reporters we brought in. ”However, in late July, Crains learned through sources in the Chicago advertising community that Sears, Roebuck & Co. planned to drastically curtail its advertising. The banner story on August 7, with the headline “Sears slashes TV, print ad budgets, the giant retailer angrily denied the report. “They called it preposterous, ” Yahn said, “As a result, we suffered credibility problems around town. From early August until mid-October, we kept trying to find a way to get it back. ”Then came the break that stunningly and permanently reversed Crains fortunes, “A young Sears public relations man named Wiley Brooks came to see Rance on a job interview, ” Yahn said. “He wanted to be CCB managing editor. Brooks told Rance that our earlier article about Searss ad cuts was true, that he had the proof, “Each one cost Crain’s a lunch at Nick’s Fishmarket, ” Yahn said
20.
The New York Times
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The New York Times is an American daily newspaper, founded and continuously published in New York City since September 18,1851, by The New York Times Company. The New York Times has won 119 Pulitzer Prizes, more than any other newspaper, the papers print version in 2013 had the second-largest circulation, behind The Wall Street Journal, and the largest circulation among the metropolitan newspapers in the US. The New York Times is ranked 18th in the world by circulation, following industry trends, its weekday circulation had fallen in 2009 to fewer than one million. Nicknamed The Gray Lady, The New York Times has long been regarded within the industry as a newspaper of record. The New York Times international version, formerly the International Herald Tribune, is now called the New York Times International Edition, the papers motto, All the News Thats Fit to Print, appears in the upper left-hand corner of the front page. On Sunday, The New York Times is supplemented by the Sunday Review, The New York Times Book Review, The New York Times Magazine and T, some other early investors of the company were Edwin B. Morgan and Edward B. We do not believe that everything in Society is either right or exactly wrong, —what is good we desire to preserve and improve, —what is evil, to exterminate. In 1852, the started a western division, The Times of California that arrived whenever a mail boat got to California. However, when local California newspapers came into prominence, the effort failed, the newspaper shortened its name to The New-York Times in 1857. It dropped the hyphen in the city name in the 1890s, One of the earliest public controversies it was involved with was the Mortara Affair, the subject of twenty editorials it published alone. At Newspaper Row, across from City Hall, Henry Raymond, owner and editor of The New York Times, averted the rioters with Gatling guns, in 1869, Raymond died, and George Jones took over as publisher. Tweed offered The New York Times five million dollars to not publish the story, in the 1880s, The New York Times transitioned gradually from editorially supporting Republican Party candidates to becoming more politically independent and analytical. In 1884, the paper supported Democrat Grover Cleveland in his first presidential campaign, while this move cost The New York Times readership among its more progressive and Republican readers, the paper eventually regained most of its lost ground within a few years. However, the newspaper was financially crippled by the Panic of 1893, the paper slowly acquired a reputation for even-handedness and accurate modern reporting, especially by the 1890s under the guidance of Ochs. Under Ochs guidance, continuing and expanding upon the Henry Raymond tradition, The New York Times achieved international scope, circulation, in 1910, the first air delivery of The New York Times to Philadelphia began. The New York Times first trans-Atlantic delivery by air to London occurred in 1919 by dirigible, airplane Edition was sent by plane to Chicago so it could be in the hands of Republican convention delegates by evening. In the 1940s, the extended its breadth and reach. The crossword began appearing regularly in 1942, and the section in 1946
21.
Forbes
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Forbes is an American business magazine. Published bi-weekly, it features articles on finance, industry, investing. Forbes also reports on related subjects such as technology, communications, science, politics and its headquarters is located in Jersey City, New Jersey. Primary competitors in the business magazine category include Fortune and Bloomberg Businessweek. The magazine is known for its lists and rankings, including its lists of the richest Americans. Another well-known list by the magazine is The Worlds Billionaires list, the motto of Forbes magazine is The Capitalist Tool. Its chairman and editor-in-chief is Steve Forbes, and its CEO is Mike Perlis, Forbes, a financial columnist for the Hearst papers, and his partner Walter Drey, the general manager of the Magazine of Wall Street, founded Forbes magazine on September 15,1917. Forbes provided the money and the name and Drey provided the publishing expertise, the original name of the magazine was Forbes, Devoted to Doers and Doings. Drey became vice-president of the B. C. Forbes Publishing Company, while B. C. Forbes became editor-in-chief, B. C. Forbes was assisted in his later years by his two eldest sons, Bruce Charles Forbes and Malcolm Stevenson Forbes. Bruce Forbes took over on his fathers death, and his strengths lay in streamlining operations, during his tenure, 1954–1964, the magazines circulation nearly doubled. On Malcolms death, his eldest son Malcolm Stevenson Steve Forbes Jr. became President and Chief Executive of Forbes, between 1961 and 1999 the magazine was edited by James Michaels. In 1993, under Michaels, Forbes was a finalist for the National Magazine Award. com, a 2009 New York Times report said,40 percent of the enterprise was sold. For a reported $300 million, setting the value of the enterprise at $750 million, according to Mark M. Edmiston of AdMedia Partners, Its probably not worth half of that now. The companys headquarters moved to the Newport section of downtown Jersey City. In November 2013, Forbes Media, which publishes Forbes magazine, was put up for sale and this was encouraged by Elevation Partners, of whom were minority shareholders. Sales documents prepared by Deutsche Bank revealed that the publishers 2012 EBITDA was $15 million, Forbes reportedly sought a price of $400 million. In July 2014, Forbes sold a majority of itself to Integrated Whale Media Investments, Steve Forbes and his magazines writers offer investment advice on the weekly Fox TV show Forbes on Fox and on Forbes On Radio. Other company groups include Forbes Conference Group, Forbes Investment Advisory Group, from the 2009 Times report, Steve Forbes recently returned from opening up a Forbes magazine in India, bringing the number of foreign editions to 10
22.
The Philadelphia Inquirer
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The Philadelphia Inquirer is a morning daily newspaper that serves the Philadelphia metropolitan area of the United States. The newspaper was founded by John R. Walker and John Norvell in June 1829 as The Pennsylvania Inquirer and is the third-oldest surviving daily newspaper in the United States. Owned by Philadelphia Media Network, The Inquirer has the eighteenth largest average weekday U. S. newspaper circulation and has won nineteen Pulitzer Prizes and it is the newspaper of record in the Delaware Valley. The paper has risen and fallen in prominence throughout its history, the Inquirer first became a major newspaper during the American Civil War when its war coverage was popular on both sides. The papers circulation dropped after the war, then rose by the end of the 19th century, by the end of the 1960s, The Inquirer trailed its chief competitor, the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, and lacked modern facilities and experienced staff. In the 1970s, new owners and editors turned the newspaper one of the countrys most prominent. Stan Wischnowski is Vice President of News Operations, the Philadelphia Inquirer was founded as The Pennsylvania Inquirer by printer John R. Walker and John Norvell, former editor of Philadelphias largest newspaper, the Aurora & Gazette. Founded on June 1,1829, The Philadelphia Inquirer is the third-oldest surviving daily newspaper in the United States, however, in 1962, an Inquirer-commissioned historian traced The Inquirer to John Dunlaps The Pennsylvania Packet, which was founded on October 28,1771. In 1850, The Packet was merged with another newspaper, The North American, after Harding acquired The Pennsylvania Inquirer, it was briefly published as an afternoon paper before returning to its original morning format in January 1830. Under Harding, in 1829, The Inquirer moved from its location between Front and Second Streets to between Second and Third Streets. When Harding bought and merged the Morning Journal in January 1830, Ten years later The Inquirer again was moved, this time to its own building at the corner of Third Street and Carters Alley. Harding expanded The Inquirers content and the paper grew into a major Philadelphian newspaper. The expanded content included the addition of fiction, and in 1840, at the time the common practice was to pay little or nothing for the rights of foreign authors works. Harding retired in 1859 and was succeeded by his son William White Harding, William Harding changed the name of the newspaper to its current name, The Philadelphia Inquirer. Harding, in an attempt to increase circulation, cut the price of the paper, in 1859, circulation had been around 7,000, by 1863 it had increased to 70,000. Part of the increase was due to the interest in news during the American Civil War, the Philadelphia Inquirer supported the Union, but Harding wanted their coverage to remain neutral. Confederate generals often sought copies of the paper, believing that the war coverage was accurate. Inquirer journalist Uriah Hunt Painter was at the First Battle of Bull Run in 1861, initial reports from the government claimed a Union victory, but The Inquirer went with Painters firsthand account
23.
Business Insider
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Business Insider is a German-owned American news website that also operates international editions in Australia, India, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, China, Italy, and the UK. It also operates a local language German and Polish news site, Business Insider launched in February 2009 and is based in New York City. Founded by DoubleClicks former CEO Kevin P. Ryan, Dwight Merriman, and Henry Blodget, in addition to providing and analyzing business news, the site aggregates top news stories on various subjects from around the web. In 2011, the online newsroom employed a staff of 50, in June 2012, it had 5.4 million unique visitors. It now averages around 70 million unique visitors, monthly, Business Insider also hosts industry conferences, such as IGNITION, which explores the emerging business models of digital media. The site publishes numerous annual editorial franchises, such as the Digital 100, on September 29,2015, Axel Springer SE announced that it had acquired 88% of the stake in Business Insider, Inc. for a reported $343 million. After the purchase, Axel Springer SE will hold a stake of approximately 97%, in October 2016, Business Insider launched Markets Insider, a globally-focused markets data and news service based on Yahoo Finance. Data is provided by Germany-based finance portal Finanzen. net, another Axel Springer holding, in January 2017, Business Insider announced that it would be launching a new sub-saharan site in partnership with Ringier Africa Digital Publishing. Business Insiders CEO and Editor-In-Chief Henry Blodget is a Yale history graduate who worked on Wall Street until he was charged with securities fraud in 2003. Nicholas Carlson, whose past experiences include Internet. com and Gawker Medias Silicon Valley gossip blog, Valleywag, and Senior Editor Jim Edwards previous position was Managing Editor at Adweek. In January 2009, the Clusterstock section appeared in Times Best 25 Financial Blogs,2009 also saw Business Insiders selection as an official Webby honoree for Best Business Blog. In 2012, Business Insider was named to the Inc.500, in 2013, the publication was once again nominated in the Blog-Business category at the Webby Awards. In January 2014, The New York Times reported that Business Insiders web traffic was comparable to that of The Wall Street Journal, in 2017, Digiday included imprint Insider as a candidate in two separate categories––Best New Vertical and Best Use of Instagram––at their annual Publishing Awards. The website has, however, faced criticism for its clickbait-style headlines, in 2013, The New Yorker criticized the website for prioritizing publishing speed over accuracy
24.
New York Post
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New York Post is an American daily newspaper, primarily distributed in New York City and its surrounding area. It is the 13th-oldest and seventh-most-widely circulated newspaper in the United States, established in 1801 by federalist and Founding Father Alexander Hamilton, it became a respected broadsheet in the 19th century, under the name New York Evening Post. The modern version of the paper is published in tabloid format, in 1976, Rupert Murdoch bought Post for US$30.5 million. Since 1993, Post has been owned by News Corporation and its successor, News Corp and its editorial offices are located at 1211 Avenue of the Americas. New York Post, established on November 16,1801 as New-York Evening Post, the Hartford Courant, believed to be the oldest continuously published newspaper, was founded in 1764 as a semi-weekly paper, it did not begin publishing daily until 1836. The New Hampshire Gazette, which has trademarked its claim of being The Nations Oldest Newspaper, was founded in 1756, moreover, since the 1890s it has been published only for weekends. Post was founded by Alexander Hamilton with about US$10,000 from a group of investors in the autumn of 1801 as New-York Evening Post, the meeting at which Hamilton first recruited investors for the new paper took place in the then-country weekend villa that is now Gracie Mansion. Hamilton chose William Coleman as his first editor, the most famous 19th-century New-York Evening Post editor was the poet and abolitionist William Cullen Bryant. So well respected was New-York Evening Post under Bryants editorship, it received praise from the English philosopher John Stuart Mill, in the summer of 1829, Bryant invited William Leggett, the Locofoco Democrat, to write for the paper. There, in addition to literary and drama reviews, Leggett began to write political editorials, leggetts classical liberal philosophy entailed a fierce opposition to central banking, a support for voluntary labor unions, and a dedication to laissez-faire economics. He was a member of the Equal Rights Party, Leggett became a co-owner and editor at Post in 1831, eventually working as sole editor of the newspaper while Bryant traveled in Europe in 1834 through 1835. Another co-owner of the paper was John Bigelow, from 1849 to 1861, he was one of the editors and co-owners of New York Evening Post. In 1881 Henry Villard took control of New-York Evening Post, as well as The Nation, with this acquisition, the paper was managed by the triumvirate of Carl Schurz, Horace White, and Edwin L. Godkin. When Schurz left the paper in 1883, Godkin became editor-in-chief, White became editor-in-chief in 1899, and remained in that role until his retirement in 1903. Villard sold the paper in 1918, after allegations of pro-German sympathies during World War I hurt its circulation. The new owner was Thomas Lamont, a partner in the Wall Street firm of J. P. Morgan & Co. Conservative Cyrus H. K. Curtis—publisher of the Ladies Home Journal—purchased New-York Evening Post in 1924, in 1934, J. David Stern purchased the paper, changed its name to New York Post, and restored its broadsheet size and liberal perspective. In 1939, Dorothy Schiff purchased the paper and her husband, George Backer, was named editor and publisher
25.
Cycloramic
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Cycloramic is an iOS and Windows Phone application that makes the Apple iPhone and Compatible Windows Phones rotate 360 degrees without user intervention. This handsfree feature works only on the iPhone 5 and iPhone 5s standing on one of its flat edges, because of this limitation, iPhone 4 users take panoramic photos in a guided mode. Another feature of this program is the ability to post process panoramic images into 24-second videos for other uses, the update introduced on June 22,2013 added features to store, edit and share the panoramic pictures. Cycloramic was created in December 2012 by a start-up called Egos Ventures which is part of the Advanced Technology Development Center located at Tech Square, Cycloramic received a Pogie Award for the Brightest Ideas of 2012 from David Pogue, personal technology columnist for the New York Times. The app also triggered the interest of other influential tech journalists witnessing the iPhone dance, steve Wozniak filmed himself using the app judging it unexpected, fanciful and useful at the same time. The application was downloaded 100,000 times in 7 days when it launched in December 2012, Egos Ventures has since been selected as one of the Top 10 Innovative Companies in Georgia and presented Cycloramic at the 2013 Georgia Technology Summit on March 20,2013. The initial version of Cycloramic generated panoramic videos, rather than pictures, the 2.0 version later introduced a photo mode allowing users to take panoramic photos in addition to videos. Users can choose to convert their panoramic photos into 24-second movies since the 2.1 version, the version 3.0 update added an in-app photo library with editing features. The editing allowed for modification to the original 14 images that created the panorama individually and this version also allowed images to be shared via social media. Usage requires a mount bought separately, the 2.0 version added in-app purchases, and the update disabled a feature that was present in the original version that users had paid for
26.
Nardo's Natural
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Nardos Natural is a family owned organic skin care company headquartered in Clearwater, Florida. Nardos Natural was founded by four brothers Kyle, Danny, Keith and they concocted the first jar of lotion in their parents kitchen and registered the business in April 2009. On March 9,2012, the Nardos Natural brothers appeared on ABCs reality television show Shark Tank, the following month in April 2012, Nardos Natural released Nardos Natural Muscle Rub and partnered with Major League Baseball pitcher David Price and signed an endorsement deal. Following the athletic ratification, the Tampa Bay Rays faced the New York Mets, soon after, May 17,2012, Nardos Natural organic skin care products were featured on Good Morning America. Tory Johnson selected the Nardos Natural brand for a segment on GMAs Steals & Deals. The segment trafficked over one million hits to Nardos Natural website, Nardos beauty products are distributed to spas, salons, hotels & resorts. Nardos products are used by Spa Professionals during spa treatments, the Nardos Natural line is also available in shops. Their first account was The Don CeSar, A Loews Hotel in St. Pete Beach, Nardos Natural expanded business to the Vinoy® Renaissance Resort & Golf Club, Longboat Key Club & Resort. Nardos Natural promotes a Paraben Free, Sulfate Free and Cruelty-free skin care line and their products are allegedly acquired through sustainable environments that practice better business methods and quality control standards. The gluten free & vegan products are formulated from botanical extracts, some aromas are claimed to be derived from the zest of fresh fruits and/or flowers. Nardos Natural uses organic preservatives contributed by environmental surroundings in mother nature, the New York Post, 4/25/12 Getting In The Tank Tampa Bay Times, 3/7/12 Shark Tank features brothers skin care line Nardos Natural in St. Pete Beach
27.
Notehall
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Notehall is an online marketplace in which college students can buy and sell class notes. Notehall gained recognition appearing on the ABC reality show Shark Tank in October 2009. It has since purchased by Chegg, a textbook-rental company. Notehall. com was integrated into the Chegg Homework Help site. Students who are looking to sell class notes, outlines, or study guides can upload documents to Notehall in order to make available to their classmates. Students looking to purchase documents can buy credits from the website which can be used to view the documents, Notehall takes 50% of the sales of any notes. Notehall was launched in 2008 at the University of Arizona by Sean Conway, Justin Miller, within 8 months, 40% of the students at the University of Arizona were using Notehall. By November 2008, the student government at the University of Arizona was considering a partnership with Notehall, in October 2009, Notehall appeared on the ABC reality show Shark Tank where they were successful in landing a $90,000 offer from Barbara Corcoran. However, weeks after the episode aired, Notehall eventually declined Corcorans offer, Notehall. com has been in the news on Wall Street Journal, Forbes. com, Business Week, Yahoo, US News, Techcrunch etc. The Co-founders of Notehall were nominated as the 2009 Finalists, Americas Best Young Entrepreneurs, Notehall was one of the six firms in Selling Strategies, Six New Ways To Make Money Online. US News ranked Notehall as one of the five must-have Social Media Tools for College Students, Sean Conway, the Co-Founder and CEO of Notehall, Inc. was featured on the Wall Street Journal for being creative in getting funding during the economic recession. DreamIT ventures introduced Notehall. com to the media through an article in Techcrunch during August 2009, the practice of buying and selling course notes in sites such as Notehall has been criticised by university officials and faculty members. Cioc went so far as to refer to note selling sites as devious, and the UCSC general counsel has sent cease and desist letters to Notehall, OneClass, and CourseHero. Individual faculty members have expressed concerns that the selling of notes based on their lectures and courses could violate their intellectual property rights. Even the Colorado State University guide to Notehall, OneClass, Course Hero, examples are a PowerPoint presentation or study guide prepared by the instructor, even if it has been distributed to the class. Students may not profit from anothers work and they note that sharing notes promotes learning, which is the purpose of classes, and that notes taken in class are the property of those creating them. Best ways to make money online
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Origaudio
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OrigAudio is a consumer audio company launched by Jason Lucash and Mike Szymczak. Their products include “Fold n’ Play”, foldable speakers made from recycled materials, origAudio’s second product called “Rock-It” utilizes vibration sequences to turn any object into a speaker. The product was launched in January 2010 at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, the product was named to the New York Posts list of the top gadgets to look for in 2010. The companys latest product, Doodle, allows consumers to design the graphics on their own speaker, users can upload their own photograph, logo or artwork and the company will print it on the face of a custom speaker. OrigAudio was featured on the season of ABCs show, Shark Tank. By the time the episode had aired, the valuation had doubled
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Shark Wheel
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Shark Wheel is a company based in Orange County, California that manufactures helical wheels of the same name. Rather than a circular shape, the Shark Wheel is composed of one or many three-dimensional sine waves. The shape is a hybrid of a sphere and cube taking on the properties of both shapes while in motion and it has been touted as the reinvention of the wheel by various news outlets. The wheels were funded by a Kickstarter campaign that nearly eight times its initial goal. It attracted the attention of award-winning skateboarder Tony Hawk and was used by skateboarders who placed in competitions around the world. The product appeared on ABCs Shark Tank in May 2015, the shape of Shark Wheels came to David Patrick while he was designing an alternating wake turbine that was a spinoff from his research. The sine wave design that Patrick’s research came up with worked well for the turbine, Patrick’s work has led to support from the LA Cleantech Incubator and the formation of 4sphere, his renewable energy solutions company. The shape of the Shark Wheel was intended for use as the four component pieces of the turbine, when the Shark Wheel shape was accidentally dropped, it rolled. The wheels appear to be square, but roll smoothly like conventional wheels and its single or multiple interlocking rings are based on sine wave patterns, which create a thinner contact patch with the pavement compared to a conventional wheel of the same width. The company claims that this design offers less rolling resistance and a faster ride, the company also claims the design has properties of thin and wide wheels, depending on the terrain. The shape of the wheel resembles a shark’s jaw which Patrick says gave the product, Shark Wheel says its skateboard wheel design gives it better maneuverability over debris, water and other conditions that deteriorate the performance of conventional wheels. Patrick funded Shark Wheels’ initial design and manufacturing though a Kickstarter campaign in the summer of 2013, though the initial goal was $10,000, it closed with close to $80,000 pledges from 1,094 backers, delivering over 1,000 sets of wheels. There was also available on Shark Wheel website up to April 2014. The wheels have applications where an upright wheel would usually be used, future potential applications the company mentioned include luggage wheels, roller skates and scooters, as well as many other transportation-related and industrial applications
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Tipsy Elves
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Tipsy Elves is a holiday-themed apparel company. It sells holiday sweaters and other holiday-themed items through its website and other online vendors, in December 2013 the company owners appeared on the US television show Shark Tank, and received $100,000 in funding to help the company move into the retail market. Their first line of designs were debuted during the Christmas season of that year, the company produces holiday-themed sweaters and other apparel, designed to put an alternative spin on traditional Christmas motifs. Their buck-toothed reindeer sweater design and others were described by People Magazine as sly, the buck-toothed reindeer sweater was also worn by the anchors of the Today Show in their ugly Christmas sweater competition of December 2011. The Tipsy Elves brand is split between a naughty line with more examples of humor, and a nice line that features tamer comical designs. In the first year of sales the company sold one thousand sweaters reaching about $370,000 in total web sales. Tipsy Elves also runs the charity Sweaters 4 Sweaters, which donates sweaters to children in need using a portion of all the companys profits, in 2013 the company partnered with Stand Up to Cancer, and donated $2 from every sweater to the charity. The company has pledged between $25,000 and $100,000, in 2014, the companys revenues had been projected as $12 million. The Tipsy Elves owners appeared on the December 13,2013 episode of Shark Tank, after showing they had made over $1 million in their first two years, the company stated it intended to move into the retail market. According to Hollywood. com, OLeary made an offer, $100,000 for a royalty of $2 per sweater until the money was paid back and then $1 in perpetuity -, john thought about making an offer, but couldnt pull the trigger. Herjavec has stated that Tipsy Elves has been the best performing investment he has made since joining the cast of Shark Tank, Tipsy Elves was also on the premiere episode of Beyond the Tank, in which the development of the company since Herjavecs investment was discussed. The investment was the most successful that Herjavec has made on the show
31.
Villy Custom
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Villy Custom is an American lifestyle brand specializing in luxury custom fashion designed cruiser bicycles for adults. The company also be aired in season 3 of ABCs show Shark Tank according to WFAA In 2006 Hicks discovered beach cruiser bike riding on Venice Beach while in Los Angeles on a business trip. Two years later, Villy Custom was founded in 2008 and began as a brick and mortar retail store specializing in sales of Felt Cruisers, Hawk Classic Cruiser bikes, specialty accessories and apparel. After experimenting with minor bike customization, Hicks soon realized he could infuse fashion, texture, the Icon of the Brand is the owner’s Bullmastiff dog, named DeVille. The Brand is known for its unexpected product features, such as powder coated handlebars, neck stems, seat post, seat post clamps, fender braces, seat hardware, Villy Custom is a “fashion” brand of cruiser bike. Villy Custom uses a platform with a 3D Flash-based user interface, allowing customers to change, add and remove features. In June 2010, Entrepreneur magazine awarded Villy Custom with one of the 100 Most Brilliant Business Ideas of the year, the official company logo is a shield including a graphic of DeVille’s head wearing a starred collar. The color scheme is Gold, Black, Red and Silver, the companys warehouse and assemblage facility is located in downtown Dallas, Texas. Villy Custom also has a few bicycles showcased at the Omni Dallas Hotel
US$100 Million[3]