Louis Pasteur
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Louis Pasteur was a French chemist, pharmacist, and microbiologist renowned for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination, microbial fermentation, and pasteurization, the last of which was name
Photograph by Nadar, 1895
The house in which Pasteur was born, Dole
Louis Pasteur, French biologist and chemist, 1878, by A Gerschel
Pasteur experimenting in his laboratory
Robert Koch
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Heinrich Hermann Robert Koch was a German physician and microbiologist. He won the 1905 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for his investigations and discoveries in relation to tuberculosis".
Louis Pasteur
…as one of the founders of modern bacteriology and has been honored as the "father of bacteriology" and the "father of microbiology" (together with Robert Koch; the latter epithet also attributed to Antonie van Leeuwenhoek). Pasteur was responsible for disproving the doctrine of spontaneous generation. Under…
Koch in c. 1900
The Anthrax Disease Cycle. Anthrax particles live in a vegetative state until exposed to oxygen, where they form many infectious spores. They can live in the soil and be consumed by herbivores. Large herbivores, like cows, are most susceptible to anthrax disease, and humans are affected by animal waste, fecal matter, or corpses, from these herbivores. Anthrax infection is spread to humans when spores gain entry into the body, whether that is from inhalation, open wounds, or another method of entrance. Once inside, the spores are activated, allowing the bacteria to multiply and spread their toxins. Another spread of infection is through biting flies, like mosquitoes, that come in contact with the blood and feces of herbivores, preceded by contact with human flesh (information from Bergman
Koch's drawing of tuberculosis bacilli in 1882 (from Die Ätiologie der Tuberkulose)
Photograph of Koch (third from the right) and other members of the German Cholera Commission in Egypt, 1884