Louis the German, also known as Louis II of Germany, was the first king of East Francia, and ruled from 843 to 876 AD. Grandson of emperor Charlemagne and the third son of Louis the Pious, emperor of
Louis's seal with an effigy of the Roman emperor Hadrian. The inscription reads "XPE PROTEGE HLUDOICUM REGEM" meaning – "O Christ, protect King Louis!"
Wandalbert of Prüm presents his martyrology to a king, probably Louis the German, in a 9th-century illustration
Carolingian gatehouse (Torhalle) to Lorsch Abbey, where Louis the German was buried
Contemporary illustration from the Louis the German Psalter depicting Louis (bottom) genuflecting before Christ on the cross
Lothair I was a 9th-century Emperor of the Carolingian Empire and King of Italy and Middle Francia.
Lothair I in the Gospels of Lothair, c. 849–851, now located in the Bibliothèque nationale de France
Denier of Lothair I, struck in Dorestad (Middle Francia) after 850
Medallion presumed to be of Lothair, from the binding of the Lothair Psalter in the British Library
13th-century stained glass depiction of Lothair, Strasbourg Cathedral