Ludwig Pastor, ennobled as Ludwig von Pastor, Freiherr von Campersfelden, was a German historian and a diplomat for Austria. He became one of the most important Roman Catholic historians of his time and is most notable for his History of the Popes. He was raised to the nobility by the Emperor Franz Joseph I in 1908 and was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature six times.

Johannes Janssen was a Catholic priest and German historian born in Xanten. He wrote an eight volume History of the German People, quoting many original sources.