1.
2013 Cannes Film Festival
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The 66th annual Cannes Film Festival took place in Cannes, France, from 15 to 26 May 2013. Steven Spielberg was the head of the jury for the main competition, new Zealand film director Jane Campion was the head of the jury for the Cinéfondation and Short Film sections. French actress Audrey Tautou hosted the opening and closing ceremonies, Actress Kim Novak was named guest of honour and introduced a new restored version of Alfred Hitchcocks Vertigo. The festival opened with The Great Gatsby, directed by Baz Luhrmann and closed with Zulu, the film poster for the festival featured Paul Newman and his wife Joanne Woodward. The Bling Ring, directed by Sofia Coppola, opened the Un Certain Regard section, the French film Blue Is the Warmest Colour won the Palme dOr. In an unprecedented move, along with the director, the Jury decided to take the step of awarding the films two main actresses, Adèle Exarchopoulos and Léa Seydoux, with the Palme dOr. On the occasion of 100 Years of Indian Cinema, India was the Official Guest Country at the 2013 Cannes Film Festival, seven Indian feature films were premiered among various sections on the festival. Actress Vidya Balan was one of the official Jury of the festival, the first Incredible India Exhibition, a joint participation of the Ministry of Tourism and Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Republic of India was inaugurated by Indian delegate Chiranjeevi. The Cinéfondation section focuses on films made by students at film schools, the following 18 entries were selected, out of 1,550 submissions from 277 different schools. One-third of the films selected represented schools competing for the first time and it was also the first time for a Chilean film to be selected in Cinéfondation. The line-up for the Directors Fortnight was announced at a conference on 23 April with the following films being selected. Feature films The line-up for the International Critics’ Week was announced on 22 April at the sections website, in a first for the competition, the jury decided to award the Palme dOr to Kechiche and the actresses who star in the film, Adèle Exarchopoulos and Léa Seydoux. Blue Is the Warmest Colour is a film that tells the story of a lesbian relationship between a 15-year-old girl and an older woman. It has shocked critics with its graphic and controversial sex scenes. A reporter for the Radio France Internationale stated that Kechiche paid tribute to the Tunisian revolution, the Grand Prix was won by the Coen brotherss Inside Llewyn Davis, while Bruce Dern and Bérénice Bejo were awarded Best Actor and Best Actress respectively
2013 Cannes Film Festival
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Official poster of the 66th Cannes Film Festival featuring a photo of
Paul Newman and
Joanne Woodward during the shooting of the film
A New Kind of Love
2013 Cannes Film Festival
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The main competition jury.
2013 Cannes Film Festival
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Steven Spielberg, president of the jury
2013 Cannes Film Festival
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Registration and accreditation tent for the 2013 Festival
2.
Glasgow
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Glasgow is the largest city in Scotland, and third largest in the United Kingdom. Historically part of Lanarkshire, it is now one of the 32 council areas of Scotland and it is situated on the River Clyde in the countrys West Central Lowlands. Inhabitants of the city are referred to as Glaswegians, Glasgow grew from a small rural settlement on the River Clyde to become the largest seaport in Britain. From the 18th century the city grew as one of Great Britains main hubs of transatlantic trade with North America. Glasgow was the Second City of the British Empire for much of the Victorian era and Edwardian period, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries Glasgow grew in population, reaching a peak of 1,128,473 in 1939. The entire region surrounding the conurbation covers about 2.3 million people, at the 2011 census, Glasgow had a population density of 8, 790/sq mi, the highest of any Scottish city. Glasgow hosted the 2014 Commonwealth Games and is well known in the sporting world for the football rivalry of the Old Firm between Celtic and Rangers. Glasgow is also known for Glasgow patter, a dialect that is noted for being difficult to understand by those from outside the city. Glasgow is the form of the ancient Cumbric name Glas Cau. Possibly referring to the area of Molendinar Burn where Glasgow Cathedral now stands, the later Gaelic name Baile Glas Chu, town of the grey dog, is purely a folk-etymology. The present site of Glasgow has been settled since prehistoric times, it is for settlement, being the furthest downstream fording point of the River Clyde, the origins of Glasgow as an established city derive ultimately from its medieval position as Scotlands second largest bishopric. Glasgow increased in importance during the 10th and 11th centuries as the site of this bishopric, reorganised by King David I of Scotland and John, there had been an earlier religious site established by Saint Mungo in the 6th century. The bishopric became one of the largest and wealthiest in the Kingdom of Scotland, bringing wealth, sometime between 1189 and 1195 this status was supplemented by an annual fair, which survives as the Glasgow Fair. Glasgow grew over the following centuries, the first bridge over the River Clyde at Glasgow was recorded from around 1285, giving its name to the Briggait area of the city, forming the main North-South route over the river via Glasgow Cross. The founding of the University of Glasgow in 1451 and elevation of the bishopric to become the Archdiocese of Glasgow in 1492 increased the towns religious and educational status and landed wealth. Its early trade was in agriculture, brewing and fishing, with cured salmon and herring being exported to Europe, Glasgow was subsequently raised to the status of Royal Burgh in 1611. The citys Tobacco Lords created a water port at Port Glasgow on the Firth of Clyde. By the late 18th century more than half of the British tobacco trade was concentrated on Glasgows River Clyde, at the time, Glasgow held a commercial importance as the city participated in the trade of sugar, tobacco and later cotton
Glasgow
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Clockwise from top-left: View of
Glasgow Science Centre, Duke of Wellington statue outside
Gallery of Modern Art,
Royal Exchange Square, cityscape view from
The Lighthouse, Gilbert Scott Building of
University of Glasgow,
Finnieston Crane,
Glasgow City Chambers
Glasgow
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The
seal or signet of
Jocelin,
Bishop of Glasgow, founder of the burgh of Glasgow.
Glasgow
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Shipping on the Clyde,
Atkinson Grimshaw, 1881.
Glasgow
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Glasgow University in the 1890s
3.
Scotland
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Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and covers the northern third of the island of Great Britain. It shares a border with England to the south, and is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to the east. In addition to the mainland, the country is made up of more than 790 islands, including the Northern Isles, the Kingdom of Scotland emerged as an independent sovereign state in the Early Middle Ages and continued to exist until 1707. By inheritance in 1603, James VI, King of Scots, became King of England and King of Ireland, Scotland subsequently entered into a political union with the Kingdom of England on 1 May 1707 to create the new Kingdom of Great Britain. The union also created a new Parliament of Great Britain, which succeeded both the Parliament of Scotland and the Parliament of England. Within Scotland, the monarchy of the United Kingdom has continued to use a variety of styles, titles, the legal system within Scotland has also remained separate from those of England and Wales and Northern Ireland, Scotland constitutes a distinct jurisdiction in both public and private law. Glasgow, Scotlands largest city, was one of the worlds leading industrial cities. Other major urban areas are Aberdeen and Dundee, Scottish waters consist of a large sector of the North Atlantic and the North Sea, containing the largest oil reserves in the European Union. This has given Aberdeen, the third-largest city in Scotland, the title of Europes oil capital, following a referendum in 1997, a Scottish Parliament was re-established, in the form of a devolved unicameral legislature comprising 129 members, having authority over many areas of domestic policy. Scotland is represented in the UK Parliament by 59 MPs and in the European Parliament by 6 MEPs, Scotland is also a member nation of the British–Irish Council, and the British–Irish Parliamentary Assembly. Scotland comes from Scoti, the Latin name for the Gaels, the Late Latin word Scotia was initially used to refer to Ireland. By the 11th century at the latest, Scotia was being used to refer to Scotland north of the River Forth, alongside Albania or Albany, the use of the words Scots and Scotland to encompass all of what is now Scotland became common in the Late Middle Ages. Repeated glaciations, which covered the land mass of modern Scotland. It is believed the first post-glacial groups of hunter-gatherers arrived in Scotland around 12,800 years ago, the groups of settlers began building the first known permanent houses on Scottish soil around 9,500 years ago, and the first villages around 6,000 years ago. The well-preserved village of Skara Brae on the mainland of Orkney dates from this period and it contains the remains of an early Bronze Age ruler laid out on white quartz pebbles and birch bark. It was also discovered for the first time that early Bronze Age people placed flowers in their graves, in the winter of 1850, a severe storm hit Scotland, causing widespread damage and over 200 deaths. In the Bay of Skaill, the storm stripped the earth from a large irregular knoll, when the storm cleared, local villagers found the outline of a village, consisting of a number of small houses without roofs. William Watt of Skaill, the laird, began an amateur excavation of the site, but after uncovering four houses
Scotland
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Edinburgh Castle. Human habitation of the site is dated back as far as the 9th century BC, although the nature of this early settlement is unclear.
Scotland
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Flag
Scotland
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The class I
Pictish stone at
Aberlemno known as Aberlemno 1 or the Serpent Stone.
Scotland
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The
Wallace Monument commemorates
William Wallace, the 13th-century Scottish hero.
4.
United Kingdom
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The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom or Britain, is a sovereign country in western Europe. Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland, the United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign state—the Republic of Ireland. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland, with an area of 242,500 square kilometres, the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th-largest in Europe. It is also the 21st-most populous country, with an estimated 65.1 million inhabitants, together, this makes it the fourth-most densely populated country in the European Union. The United Kingdom is a monarchy with a parliamentary system of governance. The monarch is Queen Elizabeth II, who has reigned since 6 February 1952, other major urban areas in the United Kingdom include the regions of Birmingham, Leeds, Glasgow, Liverpool and Manchester. The United Kingdom consists of four countries—England, Scotland, Wales, the last three have devolved administrations, each with varying powers, based in their capitals, Edinburgh, Cardiff and Belfast, respectively. The relationships among the countries of the UK have changed over time, Wales was annexed by the Kingdom of England under the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542. A treaty between England and Scotland resulted in 1707 in a unified Kingdom of Great Britain, which merged in 1801 with the Kingdom of Ireland to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the UK in 1922, leaving the present formulation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain, there are fourteen British Overseas Territories. These are the remnants of the British Empire which, at its height in the 1920s, British influence can be observed in the language, culture and legal systems of many of its former colonies. The United Kingdom is a country and has the worlds fifth-largest economy by nominal GDP. The UK is considered to have an economy and is categorised as very high in the Human Development Index. It was the worlds first industrialised country and the worlds foremost power during the 19th, the UK remains a great power with considerable economic, cultural, military, scientific and political influence internationally. It is a nuclear weapons state and its military expenditure ranks fourth or fifth in the world. The UK has been a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council since its first session in 1946 and it has been a leading member state of the EU and its predecessor, the European Economic Community, since 1973. However, on 23 June 2016, a referendum on the UKs membership of the EU resulted in a decision to leave. The Acts of Union 1800 united the Kingdom of Great Britain, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have devolved self-government
United Kingdom
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Stonehenge, in
Wiltshire, was erected around 2500 BC.
United Kingdom
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Flag
United Kingdom
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The
Bayeux Tapestry depicts the
Battle of Hastings, 1066, and the events leading to it.
United Kingdom
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The
Treaty of Union led to a single united kingdom encompassing all Great Britain.
5.
Edinburgh Napier University
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Edinburgh Napier University is a public university in Edinburgh, Scotland. It has over 19,500 students, including those on-campus in Scotland and others studying on transnational programmes abroad, in 2016 this included nearly 9,500 international and EU students, from more than 140 nations worldwide. His statue stands in the tower of Merchiston Castle today, in 1966, it was renamed Napier College of Science and Technology. In 1974, it merged with the Sighthill-based Edinburgh College of Commerce to form Napier College of Commerce and Technology, the college was renamed Napier Polytechnic in 1986 and in the same year acquired the former Hydropathic hospital buildings at Craiglockhart. In June 1992 the institution officially became Napier University, at a ceremony witnessed by over 700 staff and students, Lord James Douglas Hamilton and the then Principal, Professor William Turmeau, unveiled the new University sign at Merchiston. In 1994, Napier University acquired its Craighouse Campus, in 1996, the university gained a new Faculty of Health Studies through a merger between the Scottish Borders College of Nursing and Lothian College of Health Studies. In February 2009 it became Edinburgh Napier University Edinburgh Napier has been awarded the Queens Anniversary Prize twice and its most recent win came in 2015, when it was recognised for its work in timber engineering, sustainable construction and wood science. Edinburgh Napier was previously awarded the Queens Anniversary Prize in 2009 when the award was made for Innovative housing construction for environmental benefit and this recognised the contribution made by the Universitys Building Performance Centre towards improving sound insulation between attached dwellings. The motto of the University, Nisi sapientia frustra, echoes the motto of the City of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Napiers Tartan was launched at the same time as the name change in February 2009. Previously the university used the Clan Napier Tartan, the Chief of Clan Napier welcomed the new University tartan, the university is based around its three main campuses at Merchiston, Craiglockhart and Sighthill. The Sighthill Campus opened to students in the School of Health & Social Care, the campus has received the BREEAM excellence rating. This sets the standard for best practice in sustainable design, in 2016, the gym facilities at Sighthill became home to the BT Sport Scottish Rugby Academy Edinburgh. The Craiglockhart Campus is home to The Business School, the Craiglockhart Campus exhibits photography, writing, film and memorabilia to provide a glimpse into the minds of the poets, patients and medical staff at Craiglockhart. The exhibition also provides War Poets Collection based on the work of Siegfried Sassoon, Wilfred Owen, the exhibition was officially opened on 11 November 2005 by BBCs World Affairs Correspondent, Allan Little. This campus is the home of the law and business courses and is also operates as a conference centre, the Craiglockhart Campus was refurbished in 2004 and contains two lecture theatres, language labs and computing facilities. The Merchiston Campus is home to the Schools of Art & Creative Industries and it is built around the refurbished shell of Merchiston Castle, the family home of John Napier, after whom the University is named. Merchiston Castle is also the ancient seat of Clan Napier, Merchiston Castle is currently a Category A listed building in Scotland due to its national significance. The campus also includes the 500-seat, 24-hour Jack Kilby Computing Centre, named after the inventor of integrated circuits, Edinburgh Napier Students Association is located at the Merchiston Campus
Edinburgh Napier University
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Exterior of Edinburgh Napier University's Sighthill Campus
Edinburgh Napier University
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Exterior of Edinburgh Napier University's Craiglockhart Campus
Edinburgh Napier University
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Merchiston Castle in the centre of Merchiston Campus
Edinburgh Napier University
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Ancient (pre-1600)
6.
National Film and Television School
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The National Film and Television School is a film, television and games school established in 1971 and based at Beaconsfield Studios in Beaconsfield, Buckinghamshire. It is featured in the 2016 ranking by The Hollywood Reporter of the top 15 International film schools and its community of students makes around a hundred and fifty films a year on courses that are over 90% practical and unlike courses offered at other UK film schools. As of 2016 it had over 400 students and about a thousand a year on its short courses. The BBC stated that the NFTS was the centre of excellence for education in film and television programme making. NFTS student films have been nominated for an Oscar three times in the last six years and this is the second consecutive year that two of NFTS students’ graduation films competed for the same prize with A Love Story up against The Alan Dimension directed & co-written by Jac Clinch. NFTS student films are selected for the top film festivals around the world. This year’s highlights include selections at Cannes and Annecy Animation Festival, in 2016 the National Film and Television School won accolades in all three categories in the CILECT Prize, the global film school awards. This year,117 film schools submitted entries, which were voted on by 107 of the major film. NFTS in 2011 The National Film School opened in 1971, the work of four years of planning to create an institution to personnel for the British film industry. Department of Education and Science had in 1967 recommended the creation of a film school for the UK. In 1970 a Scot named Colin Young, then chairing the UCLAs Department of Theater Arts, was appointed as the Schools first director, the NFS bought the old Beaconsfield Film Studios in Buckinghamshire and set about refitting it to professional industry standards. Young established four permanent departments—production, camera, editing and sound—and in 1971 accepted the first intake of 25 students, but by the early 1980s, Young felt this system no longer served the students best interests and a more structured curriculum was introduced. Links with the industry were strengthened to supply collaborative, financial, in the 1980s, the school officially changed its name to the National Film and Television School to incorporate the demand for courses in television production and has since added games to its remit. In 1982 the School launched a project for re-training freelance industry professionals. This led to the establishment of the National Short Course Training Programme, by the early 1990s the school had modified its original stance on course structure, deciding to provide specialisation at the time of entry. The first year still offered a course, followed in the next two years by focused training in one of the ten specialist areas. Colin Young retired in 1992 and was succeeded by Henning Camre, Camre aimed for more balanced numbers in each of the ten specialist areas, creating separate departments with their own head tutors and curricula. Camre was succeeded in 1998 by Stephen Bayly, an NFTS graduate and his first move was to reorganise the curriculum to run over two years, instead of three
National Film and Television School
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National Film and Television School
National Film and Television School
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NFTS in 2011
National Film and Television School
National Film and Television School
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Alumnus Nick Park has gone on to win four
Oscars.
7.
Film director
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A film director is a person who directs the making of a film. Generally, a film director controls a films artistic and dramatic aspects, the director has a key role in choosing the cast members, production design, and the creative aspects of filmmaking. Under European Union law, the director is viewed as the author of the film, the film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized, or noticed. Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions, there are many pathways to becoming a film director. Some film directors started as screenwriters, cinematographers, film editors or actors, other film directors have attended a film school. Some outline a general plotline and let the actors dialogue, while others control every aspect. Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners, some directors edit or appear in their films, or compose the music score for their films. Film directors create a vision through which a film eventually becomes realized/noticed. Realizing this vision includes overseeing the artistic and technical elements of production, as well as directing the shooting timetable. This entails organizing the crew in such a way as to achieve their vision of the film. This requires skills of leadership, as well as the ability to maintain a singular focus even in the stressful. Moreover, it is necessary to have an eye to frame shots and to give precise feedback to cast and crew, thus. Thus the director ensures that all involved in the film production are working towards an identical vision for the completed film. The set of varying challenges he or she has to tackle has been described as a jigsaw puzzle with egos. It adds to the pressure that the success of a film can influence when, omnipresent are the boundaries of the films budget. Additionally, the director may also have to ensure an intended age rating, thus, the position of film director is widely considered to be a highly stressful and demanding one. It has been said that 20-hour days are not unusual, under European Union law, the film director is considered the author or one of the authors of a film, largely as a result of the influence of auteur theory. Auteur theory is a film criticism concept that holds that a directors film reflects the directors personal creative vision
Film director
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American director
Steven Spielberg with Sri Lankan film maker
Chandran Rutnam in Sri Lanka
Film director
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The film director gives last minute direction to the cast and crew, while filming a
costume drama on location in
London.
Film director
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Director
Pedro Almodóvar and actress
Penélope Cruz
Film director
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Fritz Lang directing a movie
8.
Screenwriter
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One famous screenwriter is Jack Rosenthal, who has written for various TV shows over the years, including Londons Burning and Coronation Street. No education is required to become a screenwriter, just good storytelling abilities. Screenwriters are not hired employees, they are contracted freelancers, most, if not all, screenwriters start their careers writing on speculation, meaning they write without being hired or paid for it. If such a script is sold, it is called a spec script, what separates a professional screenwriter from an amateur screenwriter is that professional screenwriters are usually represented by a talent agency. Also, professional screenwriters do not often work for free, whereas amateur screenwriters will often work for free and are considered writers in training, spec scripts are usually penned by unknown professional screenwriters and amateur screenwriters. There are a legion of would-be screenwriters who attempt to enter the industry but it often takes years of trial-and-error, failure. In Writing Screenplays that Sell, Michael Hague writes Screenplays have become, for the last half of century, closet writers who used to dream of the glory of getting into print now dream of seeing their story on the big or small screen. Every screenplay and teleplay begins with a thought or idea, and screenwriters use those ideas to write scripts, with the intention of selling them and having them produced. In some cases, the script is based on a property, such as a book or persons life story. The majority of the time, a film project gets initiated by a screenwriter and because they initiated the project and these are referred to as exclusive assignments or pitched assignments. Screenwriters who often pitch new projects, whether original or an adaptation, when word is put out about a project a film studio, production company, or producer wants done, these are referred to as open assignments. In situations where screenwriters are competing for an assignment, more established writers will usually win these assignments. A screenwriter can also be approached and personally offered a writing assignment, many screenwriters also work as full or part-time script doctors, attempting to better a script to suit the desires of a director or studio. For instance, studio management may have a complaint that the motivations of the characters are unclear or that the dialogue is weak, script-doctoring can be quite lucrative, especially for the better known writers. David Mamet and John Sayles, for instance, fund the movies they direct themselves, usually from their own screenplays, by writing and doctoring scripts for others. In fact, some writers make very profitable careers out of being the ninth or tenth writer to work on a piece, in many cases, working on projects that never see exposure to an audience of any size. Many up and coming screenwriters also ghost write projects and allow more established screenwriters to take credit for the project to increase the chances of it getting picked up. After a screenwriter finishes a project, he or she pairs with a representative, such as a producer, director, literary agent, entertainment lawyer
Screenwriter
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A page of a screenplay
9.
Cinematographer
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The study and practice of this field is referred to as cinematography. The cinematographer selects the camera, film stock, lens, filters, in the infancy of motion pictures, the cinematographer was usually also the director and the person physically handling the camera. As the art form and technology evolved, a separation between director and camera operator began to emerge, with the advent of artificial lighting and faster film stocks, in addition to technological advancements in optics, the technical aspects of cinematography necessitated a specialist in that area. Cinematography was key during the silent movie era, with no sound apart from music and no dialogue, the films depended on lighting, acting. Similar trade associations have been established in other countries too, there are a number of national associations of cinematographers which represent members and which are dedicated to the advancement of cinematography. S. C. Defines cinematography as, A creative and interpretive process that culminates in the authorship of a work of art rather than the simple recording of a physical event. Cinematography is not a subcategory of photography
Cinematographer
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A
camera crew sets up for scenes to be filmed on the flight deck for the motion picture
Stealth with the crew of the
Nimitz-class aircraft carrier USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN 72).
10.
Ratcatcher (film)
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Ratcatcher is a 1999 drama film written and directed by Lynne Ramsay. It is her feature film and was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1999 Cannes Film Festival. Ratcatcher never received a cinematic release. It was released on DVD by The Criterion Collection, Ratcatcher is set in Glasgow,1973. The city, despite its Victorian grandeur, has some schemes with the poorest housing conditions in western Europe, such as no running hot water, no bathing facilities and no indoor toilet. The city is mid-way through a major re-development program, demolishing these schemes, the problems in these schemes are somewhat compounded by the binmen going on strike, creating an additional health hazard and a breeding ground for rats. The main character, James, is a 12-year-old boy, growing up in one of these schemes, James, with the rest of his family, two sisters, one older, one younger, his mum and heavy-drinking father, patiently waits to be re-housed. The film opens focused upon Jamess friend Ryan Quinn, being forced to put on his boots to go to visit his father. Hed rather play with James instead and runs off while his mother is not looking, Ryan meets James at the canal and during some rough-house play he is drowned, clearly with James bearing much of the blame for not having raised the alarm. James believes his inaction has gone unnoticed, Ryans family are eventually re-housed and on the day of leaving, Ryans mother gives James the pair of brown sandals she had bought for Ryan on the day of his death. The film follows the sensitive James as he tries to come to terms with his guilt and his one escape comes when he takes a bus to the end of the line and ends up in the outskirts of the city, where a new housing estate is under construction. He explores the houses, and wonders in awe at the view from the kitchen window. In a scene central to the film, he climbs through the window, James befriends a girl, Margaret Anne, whom he tries to help after her glasses are thrown into the canal by the local gang. James and Margaret Anne become close friends and she is his only other relief from his home environment. She has problems of her own, allowing herself to be abused by the local gang, the two find comfort in each others company. One of Jamess friends, Kenny, receives a pet mouse as a birthday present. After the gang throw the mouse around to make him fly, Kenny ties the mouses tail to a balloon and we see it float to the moon, the same friend later falls in the canal and is rescued by Jamess father, making him briefly into a local hero. Though the military eventually comes and cleans up all the garbage in the neighbourhood and he plunges himself into the canal, and we are shown a brief scene in which Jamess family is moving into a new neighbourhood
Ratcatcher (film)
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DVD cover
11.
Morvern Callar (film)
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Morvern Callar is a 2002 British drama film directed by Lynne Ramsay and starring Samantha Morton in the title role. It is based on Alan Warners 1995 novel Morvern Callar, Morvern Callar is a young woman in a small port town in Scotland. She wakes on Christmas morning to discover that her boyfriend has killed himself, leaving a note, mix tape. His novel is dedicated to her and she decides to erase his name and puts her own name on the novel, instead of arranging a funeral with the money on his account, as requested by him, she cuts his body up and buries it in the mountains. With the money she then escapes her work stacking fruit in the section of the local supermarket and goes to Almería, Costa del Sol. As they go out and party she feels shes in a different mood than her and leaves her and she plays the role of a writer and sells the novel for £100,000. Back in Scotland she tries to convince Lanna to come with her to the big world, Morvern collects her suitcase and goes to the railway station. Samantha Morton as Morvern Callar Kathleen McDermott as Lanna Morvern Callar received positive reviews from critics. It has a 78/100 on Metacritic and an 84% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes, with the critical consensus stated as, Morton quietly makes this quirky. Morton won the 2002 British Independent Film Award for Best Actress for her role as Morvern, the movie also received the 2002 Scottish BAFTA Award for Best Actress, the 2002 C. I. C. A. E. Award and the Award Of The Youth at the 2002 Cannes Film Festival
Morvern Callar (film)
–
Morvern Callar
12.
We Need to Talk About Kevin (film)
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We Need to Talk About Kevin is a 2011 British-American psychological thriller drama film directed by Lynne Ramsay, and adapted from Lionel Shrivers novel of the same name. A long process of development and financing began in 2005, with filming commencing in April 2010, tilda Swinton stars as the mother of Kevin, struggling to come to terms with her son and the horrors he has committed. The film premiered at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival and was released in the United Kingdom on 21 October 2011, Swinton was nominated for the Golden Globe Award, Screen Actors Guild, and the BAFTA for Best Actress in a Leading Role. It was given positive reviews by critics and audiences alike. Teenager Kevin Khatchadourian is in prison after committing a massacre at his high school and his mother, Eva, once a successful travel writer, lives alone in a rundown house and works in a travel agency in a town near the prison, where she visits Kevin. She looks back at her memories of him growing up as she tries to cope with the anger and hostility of her neighbors, Kevin is detached and difficult even from childhood. Eva has problems with identifying as a mother and has trouble bonding with Kevin, as a baby, he cries incessantly, but only around her, as a child, he resists toilet training, rebuffs Evas clumsy attempts at affection, and shows no interest in anything. He portrays a happy, loving son when his father is watching, while he is still small, Evas frustration with his intractability drives her to throw Kevin against the wall, breaking his arm. They return from the hospital with Kevins arm in a cast, the only real affection and interest Kevin shows towards Eva occurs when he is confined to his bed with a fever and she reads him a book about Robin Hood. When reading the part of the story where Robin competes in Prince Johns archery contest, Kevin snuggles with Eva, Franklin gives him a bow and arrow set and teaches him archery, and Kevin soon becomes an excellent marksman. He continues to practice and graduate to bigger bows as he gets older, Eva and Franklin have a second child, Celia, who is lively and cheerful. However, her birth does nothing to lessen the tension within the family, as Kevin immediately shows disdain, a few years later, Celias pet guinea pig is killed and she is blinded in one eye by an incident with a caustic cleaning fluid. Eva is convinced Kevin is responsible, whereas Franklin insists these events were accidents and this pattern of suspicion on Evas part, combined with Franklins unflagging defense of Kevin, ruins their marriage, and Franklin approaches Eva with the subject of a future divorce. Eva comes to fear her son, as she sees growing evidence of Kevins pleasure in hurting others and this eventually leads to the massacre, when Kevin locks the gymnasium doors with bike locks and murders multiple students with his bow and arrow. As Eva arrives at the school work, along with the other concerned adults, the police cut through one of the bike locks. Kevin voluntarily walks out, turning himself over, and revealing himself to be the killer, Eva finally arrives home, only to find the house empty and dark. She discovers the corpses of Franklin and Celia in the backyard. On the second anniversary of the massacre, Eva visits Kevin in prison, Kevin is anxious because his transfer to an adult prison is about to happen
We Need to Talk About Kevin (film)
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Theatrical release poster
13.
72nd Venice International Film Festival
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The 72nd annual Venice International Film Festival took place from 2 to 12 September 2015. Alfonso Cuarón served as the President of the Jury for the main competition, a restored version of Federico Fellinis film Amarcord was shown at the festival. The Venezuelan film From Afar by Lorenzo Vigas won the Golden Lion award, everest was selected as the festivals opening night film, while Guan Hus drama film Mr. Six served as the closing night film. Actress and director Elisa Sednaoui hosted the opening and closing ceremonies of the festival, the festival honoured Brian De Palma with Glory to the Filmmaker Award and a documentary film titled De Palma by Noah Baumbach and Jake Paltrow also screened at the festival. Jonathan Demme received the Persol Tribute to Visionary Talent Award, who served as the President of Horizons section jury
72nd Venice International Film Festival
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Festival poster
72nd Venice International Film Festival
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72nd Venice International Film Festival
14.
Peter Jackson
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Sir Peter Robert Jackson ONZ KNZM is a New Zealand film director, screenwriter and film producer. He is best known as the director, writer, and producer of The Lord of the Rings trilogy and The Hobbit trilogy and he also produced District 9, The Adventures of Tintin, The Secret of the Unicorn, and the documentary West of Memphis. Jackson began his career with the horror comedy Bad Taste. He shared a nomination for Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay with his partner Fran Walsh for Heavenly Creatures, Jackson has been awarded three Academy Awards in his career, including the award for Best Director in 2003. He has also received a Golden Globe, four Saturn Awards and his production company is Wingnut Films, and his most regular collaborators are co-writers and producers Walsh and Philippa Boyens. Jackson was made a Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit in 2002 and he was later knighted by Anand Satyanand, the Governor-General of New Zealand, at a ceremony in Wellington in April 2010. In December 2014, Jackson was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, Jackson was born on 31 October 1961 in Wellington and was raised at the nearby coastal town of Pukerua Bay. His parents—Joan, a worker and housewife, and William Bill Jackson. Bill Jackson was a veteran of the Siege of Malta in World War II, as a child, Jackson was a keen film fan, growing up on Ray Harryhausen films, as well as finding inspiration in the television series Thunderbirds and Monty Pythons Flying Circus. After a family gave the Jacksons a Super 8 cine-camera with Peter in mind. Jackson has long cited King Kong as his film. Most notable though was a 20-minute short called The Valley, which won him a prize because of the shots he used. In school, Jackson expressed no interest in sports and his classmates also remember him wearing a duffle coat with an obsession verging on religious. He had no training in film-making, but learned about editing, special effects and make-up largely through his own trial. As a young adult, Jackson discovered the work of author J. R. R. Tolkien after watching The Lord of the Rings, when he was 16 years old, Jackson left school and began working full-time as a photo-engraver for a Wellington newspaper, The Evening Post. For the seven years he worked there, Jackson lived at home with his parents so he could save as much money as possible to spend on film equipment. After two years of work Jackson bought a 16 mm camera, and began shooting a film later became Bad Taste. Jackson has long cited several films as influences and it is well known that Jackson has a passion for King Kong, often citing it as his favourite film and as the film that inspired him early in his life
Peter Jackson
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Jackson at the 2014
San Diego Comic-Con International
Peter Jackson
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Jackson in 2003, at the premiere of
The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King in
Wellington
Peter Jackson
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Jackson at the 2009
San Diego Comic-Con International
15.
BBC Films
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BBC Films is the feature film-making arm of the BBC. Banks, My Week with Marilyn, Jane Eyre, In the Loop, An Education, StreetDance 3D, Fish Tank, iris, Notes on a Scandal, Billy Elliot and Brooklyn. BBC Films co-produces around eight films a year, working in partnership with major international, christine Langan is of BBC Films, responsible for the development and production slate, strategy and business operations. BBC Films has been based at Broadcasting House in London since 2013, prior to 2007, it was based nearby in Mortimer Street, while still under full control of the BBC. A restructuring of the division integrated it into the main BBC Fiction department of BBC Vision, as a result, it moved out of its independent offices into BBC Television Centre, and its head David M. Thompson left to start his own film production company. Holmes X+Y Bill Brooklyn The Lady in the Van Chef Mrs. Browns Boys DMovie A Little Chaos A Long Way Down The Invisible Woman What We Did on Our Holiday Lilting Philomena Saving Mr
BBC Films
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BBC Films
16.
British Independent Film Awards
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The British Independent Film Awards is an organisation that celebrates, supports and promotes British independent cinema and filmmaking talent. Nominations for the awards ceremony are announced in early November. Since 2015, BIFA has also hosted UK–wide talent development and film screening programmes with the support of Creative Skillset and the BFI. BIFA founding members include Phillip Alberstat, Chris Auty, André Burgess, Sally Caplan, Pippa Cross, Christopher Fowler, Lora Fox Gamble, Steven Gaydos, Norma Heyman, the first BIFA ceremony took place on the 29th October 1998. Winners included Ken Loach, Shane Meadows and Ray Winstone, the Special Jury Prize was awarded to Nik Powell, and the Best British Independent Film award went to My Name is Joe. The BIFA ceremony takes place in early December every year and is one of the first dates in the awards season. Most of the categories are for British independent feature films only, though there are awards for Best International Independent Film. There are also several awards, such as the Special Jury Prize, the Richard Harris Award. Main categories, Films must be over 70 minutes in length, Films must have had a public screening to a paying audience, either on general release in the UK or at a British film festival or at one of BIFAs recognised international festivals. Must be produced or majority co-produced by a British production company, where there is a major studio substantially funding a film, the total budget must not exceed $20 million. BIFA has a pool of voters that consists of past BIFA winners and nominees, top British film industry professionals. Although the pool is continually growing, fewer than 200 voters vote for the nominations in any one year, all entered films must be seen by a minimum number of voters and discussed at a voter meeting before being marked as having been given fair consideration. In calculating the results, BIFA takes into account the number of voters who have seen each film as well as how many voted for it, the winners in most categories are decided by independent juries, newly–appointed each year. Juries meet to discuss all nominations before voting confidentially for the winner, exceptions include the honorary awards and the award for Best British Independent Film, the winner of which is decided by a confidential vote amongst all BIFA voters. Sessions included The Lobster with production designer Jaqueline Abrahams, The Selfish Giant with casting director Amy Hubbard, BIFA Presents is an ongoing project wherein BIFA supports the theatrical distribution of award-nominated and -winning films with special preview and event screenings. In February 2017, BIFA Presents hosted exclusive previews of the Oscar-winning Moonlight in conjunction with Everyman Cinemas, BIFA Independents is a series of regular screenings of films featuring BIFA-winning and nominated talent. The first BIFA Independents screening was in December 2016, featuring Andrea Arnolds Best British Independent Film-winning American Honey
British Independent Film Awards
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Moët British Independent Film Awards
British Independent Film Awards
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The title for BIFA Awards
British Independent Film Awards
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Elliot Grove
British Independent Film Awards
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Michael Sheen with 2008 award
17.
BAFTA
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The British Academy of Film and Television Arts is an independent charity that supports, develops and promotes the art forms of the moving image – film, television and game in the United Kingdom. David Lean was the founding Chairman of the Academy, the first Film Awards ceremony took place in May 1949 and honouring the films The Best Years of Our Lives, Odd Man Out and The World Is Rich. In 2005, it placed a cap on worldwide voting membership which now stands at approximately 6,500. BAFTA has offices in Scotland and Wales in the UK, in Los Angeles and New York in the United States and runs events in Hong Kong, amanda Berry OBE has been chief executive of the organisation since December 2000. Many of these events are free to online at BAFTA Guru. BAFTA runs a number of programmes across the UK, US. Launched in 2012, the UK programme enables talented British citizens who are in need of support to take an industry-recognised course in film. Each BAFTA Scholar receives up to £12,000 towards their annual course fees, since 2013, three students every year have received one of the Prince William Scholarships in Film, Television and Games, supported by BAFTA and Warner Bros. These scholarships are awarded in the name of in his role as President of BAFTA, since 2015, BAFTA has been offering scholarships for British citizens to study in China, vice versa. BAFTA presents awards for film, television and games, including entertainment, at a number of annual ceremonies across the UK and in Los Angeles. The BAFTA award trophy is a mask, designed by American sculptor Mitzi Cunliffe. Todays BAFTA award – including the mask and marble base – weighs 3.7 kg and measures 27 cm x 14 cm x 8 cm. BAFTAs annual film awards ceremony is known as the British Academy Film Awards, or the BAFTAs, in 1949 the British Film Academy, as it was then known, presented the first awards for films made in 1947 and 1948. Since 2008 the ceremony has held at the Royal Opera House in Londons Covent Garden. It had been held in the Odeon cinema on Leicester Square since 2000, the ceremony had been performed during April or May of each year, but since 2002 it has been held in February to precede the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences Academy Awards, or Oscars. They have been awarded annually since 1954, the first ever ceremony consisted of six categories. Until 1958, they were awarded by the Guild of Television Producers and Directors, from 1968 until 1997, BAFTAs Film and Television Awards were presented together, but from 1998 onwards they were presented at two separate ceremonies. The Television Craft Awards celebrate the talent behind the programmes, such as working in visual effects, production
BAFTA
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The BAFTA award, designed by Mitzi Cunliffe
BAFTA
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British Academy of Film and Television Arts
18.
Edinburgh International Film Festival
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The Edinburgh International Film Festival is an annual fortnight of cinema screenings and related events taking place each June. Established in 1947, it is the worlds oldest continually running film festival, the EIFF presents both UK and international films, in all genres and lengths. It also presents themed retrospectives and other specialised programming strands, the 2016 edition was the Festivals 70th. The first festival, a programme of documentaries, was presented by the Edinburgh Film Guild alongside the 1947 Edinburgh International Festival, at the time, Cannes and Venice were the most significant annual film festivals. Over the subsequent years, the programme expanded to include fiction films, in 2008, the film festival moved from its traditional August slot to June. The film festival shows a range of films and documentaries as well as short films, animations. A jury awards The Michael Powell Award for Best New British Feature Film while the audience can vote for the Audience Award, there are also several awards given for short films. The artistic director from September 2006 to 2010 was Hannah McGill, previously a film critic and her predecessor, Shane Danielsen, served from 2002-2006. Tilda Swinton, Robert Carlyle and Seamus McGarvey are honorary patrons, in December 2009 Hannah McGill collected the prestigious Talkback Thames New Talent Award at the Women in Film and Television Awards. Following McGills departure a new format was announced with no artistic director, the Festival returned to a more conventional format in 2012 under artistic director Chris Fujiwara, who stepped down in 2014. The current Artistic Director is Mark Adams, who joined EIFF in January 2015, Edinburgh Filmhouse is the festivals home. The festival uses a range of cinemas and venues across the city including Fountainpark Cineworld, Edinburgh Festival Theatre and the Odeon. com EIFF news, reviews
Edinburgh International Film Festival
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Edinburgh International Film Festival logo 2015
19.
London Film Festival
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The British Film Institute London Film Festival is an annual film festival held in the United Kingdom, running in the second half of October with cooperation from the British Film Institute. It screens more than 300 films, documentaries and shorts from approximately 50 countries, in 1953 a group of critics including Dilys Powell of the The Sunday Times, raised the notion of a film festival for London. They reasoned that with Cannes and Venice, as did Edinburgh, had their own, however, the proposition was squared at the press - giving audience a chance to see movies that dont normally release in British cinemas. Originally to be a festival of festivals, it focused on screening a selection of titles from other European film festivals, including Cannes. The first London Film Festival was conceived by James Quinn, and it was launched after the inauguration of the new NFT on its current site under Waterloo Bridge. It screened only 15-20 films from a selection of directors, including Akira Kurosawa, Satyajit Ray, Yasujirō Ozu, Luchino Visconti. While the programme still retains the feel, it also now shows new discoveries from important. Whilst it continues to be first and foremost a public festival, it is attended by large numbers of film professionals. Importantly, it offers opportunities for people to see films that may not otherwise get a UK screening along with films which will get a release in the near future. Previously a number of awards were presented at the Closing gala, but in 2009, with the aid of some funding from the UK Film Council. The 2009 Festival featured 15 world premieres including Wes Anderson’s first animated feature, in addition to Fantastic Mr. Fox and Up In The Air, George Clooney supported his role in The Men Who Stare At Goats. On August 2016, American distributor A24s Free Fire was chosen to close the 2016 London Film Festival, the Sutherland Trophy – for the most original and innovative first feature in the London Film Festival. Named after the BFI’s patron, this award boasts recipients as noteworthy as Bertolucci, Fassbinder, Godard, the Grierson Award – for the best feature-length documentary in the festival. This award is given jointly by the LFF and the Grierson Trust which commemorates the pioneering Scottish documentary-maker John Grierson, famous for Drifters, the Grierson Trust has a long-standing tradition of recognising outstanding films that demonstrate integrity, originality and technical excellence and social or cultural significance. From 2009, a new standalone awards ceremony was launched which included the awards, Best Film – celebrates creative, original, imaginative, intelligent. BFI Fellowships – the Festival showcases both the work of new film-makers and established ones, and presenting two Fellowships provides a fitting contrast to those Awards recognising new talent, jonathan Caouette 7th FIPRESCI International Critics Award Aaltra, dir. Gustave de Kervern and Benoit Delepine The Alfred Dunhill UK Film Talent Award A Way Of Life, amma Asante 9th Annual Satyajit Ray Award The Woodsman, dir. Nicole Kassell TCM Classic Shorts Award Nits, dir, harry Wootliff The Sutherland Trophy For the Living and the Dead, dir
London Film Festival
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Films by year (
Films A–Z)
20.
Chicago International Film Festival
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The Chicago International Film Festival is an annual film festival held every fall. Founded in 1964 by Michael Kutza, it is the longest-running competitive film festival in North America. Its logo is a stark, black and white close up of the eyes of early film actresses Theda Bara, Pola Negri and Mae Murray. In 2010, the 46th Chicago International Film Festival presented 150 films from more than 50 countries, the Festivals program is composed of many different sections, including the International Competition, New Directors Competition, Docufest, Black Perspectives, Cinema of the Americas, and Reel Women. Foreign films are screened for free throughout the city weekly from July through September, bruce Dern Terrence Howard Susan Sarandon Shirley MacLaine Robert Zemeckis Irma P. Hall, Robert Townsend and Harry J
Chicago International Film Festival
–
Chicago International Film Festival
21.
Samantha Morton
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Samantha Jane Morton is an English actress, screenwriter and director. She has been described as one of the greatest actresses of her generation, brought up in Nottingham, Morton joined the Central Junior Television Workshop, and soon began her career in British televisions in 1991. She guest-starred in Soldier Soldier and Cracker and appeared from 1995 to 1996 in the ITV series Band of Gold and she made the transition to film with lead roles in the dramas Emma, Jane Eyre and the well-received Under the Skin. The latter made director Woody Allen cast Morton in Sweet and Lowdown, which earned her nominations for the Academy Award, in the 2000s, Morton continued to draw critical praise for her performances in numerous arthouse and independent films. Her role in Morvern Callar garnered her the BIFA Award for Best Actress, and she received her second Academy Award nomination and she also found mainstream success with the science fiction thriller Minority Report. For her role in 2006s television biopic Longford, she received an Emmy Award nomination, Morton was born in Clifton, Nottingham, the third child of Pamela Freebury, a factory worker, and Peter Morton. She has six half-siblings from her parents relationships, subsequent to their 1979 divorce and she lived with her father until she was eight when she was made a ward of court, because neither of her parents could care for her and her siblings. Her father was an alcoholic and her mother was involved in a violent relationship with her second husband. The next nine years were spent in and out of foster care, under the effects of drugs, she threatened an older girl who had been bullying her. She was convicted of making threats to kill, and served 18 weeks in an attendance centre, Morton said in an interview, as a child I had a serious anger problem, but from the age of 16 Ive been trying to turn bad things into positives. Moving to London at sixteen, Morton applied to drama schools, including RADA. In 1991 she attended Clarendon College of Performing Arts to gain a BTEC award and she made her stage début at the Royal Court Theatre, and continued her television career with appearances in Peak Practice and in an episode of Cracker. At the time, she had a role in the first two series of Kay Mellors successful Band of Gold. Further television roles followed, including parts in period dramas such as Emma, Emma was a film adaptation of the novel of the same name published in 1815 about youthful hubris and the perils of misconstrued romance. The movie received positive reviews from critics and was broadcast in late 1996 on ITV. In Jane Eyre, Morton starred as a Yorkshire orphan who becomes a governess to a young French girl, like her previous small-screen projects, the 1997 film originally aired on ITV. She took on the role in the independent drama Under the Skin, directed by Carine Adler, where she played Iris. The movie garnered favorable reviews from writers, with The Guardian placing it at number 15 on its list of the Best British Films 1984—2009
Samantha Morton
–
Morton at the 34th
Toronto International Film Festival for the premiere of her directing debut
The Unloved, on 1 September 2009.
Samantha Morton
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Samantha Morton at the
62nd British Academy Film Awards on 8 February 2008.
22.
Stereolab
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Stereolab are an English-French avant-pop band formed in 1990 in London. The band originally comprised songwriting team Tim Gane and Lætitia Sadier, other long-time members include Mary Hansen, who played with the group from 1992 until her accidental death in 2002, and Andy Ramsay, who joined in 1993, and who is still in the official line-up. They were noted for their use of vintage electronic keyboards. Stereolab were one of the first bands to be termed post-rock, Stereolab often incorporates socio-political themes into their lyrics. Critics such as Simon Reynolds say the lyrics carry a strong Marxist message. Gane is skeptical of such as Marxist pop, and defends the band against accusations of sloganeering. Although many of the albums have been underground hits, they never found larger commercial success. The band were released from their contract with Warner Bros. Records when Warners imprint Elektra Records folded. The release was due to poor record sales, and since then Stereolabs self-owned label. Duophonic holds the copyrights to the recordings, and on this label the band has released many limited-edition records. In 2009, Stereolab announced via their website that they were going on indefinite hiatus, in 1985, Tim Gane formed McCarthy, a band from Essex, England known for their left-wing politics. Gane met the French-born Lætitia Sadier at a McCarthy concert in Paris, the musically-inclined Sadier was disillusioned with the rock scene in France and soon moved to London to be with Gane and pursue her career. In 1990, after three albums, McCarthy broke up and Gane immediately formed Stereolab with Sadier and ex-Chills bassist Martin Kean, the groups name was taken from a division of Vanguard Records demonstrating hi-fi effects. The 10 inch vinyl EP Super 45 was the first release for band and label, and was sold through mail order and the Rough Trade Shop in London. Super 45s band-designed album art and packaging was the first of many customized, in a 1996 interview in The Wire Gane calls the do-it-yourself aesthetic behind Duophonic empowering, and says that by releasing ones own music you learn, it creates more music, more ideas. Other independent bands such as Tortoise, Broadcast, and Labradford would also release material on Duophonic, Stereolab followed up with another EP, Super-Electric, and a single, Stunning Debut Album. In 1992, Stereolabs first full-length album, Peng. and first compilation, Hansen, an Australian, had been in touch with Gane since his McCarthy days. After joining, she and Sadier developed a style of counterpoint that distinguished Stereolabs sound until Hansens death ten years later in 2002
Stereolab
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Lætitia Sadier of Stereolab playing a
Moog synthesizer during a live performance
Stereolab
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Picture of a 1970s-era
Minimoog analog electronic synthesizer. Stereolab often utilise vintage Moog synthesizers.
23.
Aphex Twin
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Richard David James, known by his stage name Aphex Twin, is an Irish-born English electronic musician and composer. He is known for his influential and idiosyncratic work in music styles such as IDM and acid techno in the 1990s. He is also the co-founder of Rephlex Records with Grant Wilson-Claridge and he rose to mainstream popularity with his 1997 EP Come to Daddy and his 1999 single Windowlicker. James was born in Limerick, Ireland, and grew up in Lanner, Cornwall, UK and he enjoyed living there, feeling apart from nearby cities and the rest of the world. You couldnt make sound on a ZX81, but I played around with machine code, according to musician Benjamin Middleton, James began producing music the following year. As a teenager he was a jockey at the Shire Horse Inn in St Ives, with Tom Middleton at the Bowgie Inn in Crantock. James studied at Cornwall College from 1988 to 1990 for a National Diploma in engineering, about his studies, he said music and electronics went hand in hand. James graduated from college, according to a lecturer he often wore headphones during practical lessons. In 1989, James befriended Grant Wilson-Claridge when they were working alternate weeks as a DJ at the Bowgie pub near Newquay, Wilson-Claridge was intrigued by his sets, and when he discovered that James was playing tapes of his own music he suggested that they make records. James first release as Aphex Twin, later changed to AFX, was the 1991 12-inch EP Analogue Bubblebath on Mighty Force Records, the track En Trance to Exit was recorded with Tom Middleton, also known as Schizophrenia. The EP made the playlist of Kiss FM, an influential London radio station, from 1991 to 1993 James released two Analogue Bubblebath EPs and an EP, Bradleys Beat, as Bradley Strider. Although he allegedly lived on the roundabout in Elephant and Castle, South London, during his years in the city. The first full-length Aphex Twin album, Selected Ambient Works 85–92, was released in 1992 on R&S Records to critical acclaim, John Bush of Allmusic described it as a watershed of ambient music. In 2002 Rolling Stone said about the album, Aphex Twin expanded way beyond the ambient music of Brian Eno by fusing lush soundscapes with oceanic beats, Pitchfork Media called it among the most interesting music ever created with a keyboard and a computer. However, critics noted that the songs were recorded on cassette, in 1992 James also released the Xylem Tube EP and Digeridoo as Aphex Twin, the Pac-Man EP as Power-Pill, and two of his four Joyrex EPs as Caustic Window. Digeridoo reached #55 on the UK Singles Chart, and was described by Rolling Stone as foreshadowing drum. He wrote Digeridoo to clear up his audience after a rave and these early releases were on Rephlex Records, Mighty Force of Exeter and R&S Records of Belgium. Warp Records released Selected Ambient Works Volume II in 1994, with a less beat-, the track names were described with pie chart symbols, each of which was meant to be paired with a corresponding image in the album jacket
Aphex Twin
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James during a concert in
Turin in March 2007
Aphex Twin
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Aphex Twin live in 2011
Aphex Twin
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Street art promoting the Syro album in New York City.
24.
Broadcast (band)
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Broadcast are an indie electronic band, founded in Birmingham, England in 1995. The band has released three albums as well as several EPs, singles and EP collections, Broadcasts original members were Trish Keenan, Roj Stevens, Tim Felton, James Cargill and Steve Perkins. Various other drummers played with the band, including Keith York, Phil Jenkins, Jeremy Barnes, as of 2005, the group consisted of the duo of Keenan and Cargill. Following the 2011 death of Keenan, Cargill remained as the only member, Keenan and Cargill met in the mid 1990s at the Sensateria psychedelic club, and formed Pan Am Flight Bag in 1995, renamed Broadcast after several concerts. The bands first releases, both in 1996, were the Accidentals 7 single and The Book Lovers EP and they attracted the attention of Warp Records, who compiled the single and EP as a compilation album, Work and Non Work, issued on 10 November 1997. The 1999 Broadcast track You Can Fall was included on the soundtrack album Morvern Callar and this soundtrack accompanied the Lynne Ramsay film Morvern Callar, based on the Alan Warner book of the same name. The groups debut album, The Noise Made by People, was released by Warp on 20 March 2000. Second album Haha Sound was released on 11 August 2003, preceded by two EPs, Microtronics Volume 01, Stereo Recorded Music for Links and Bridges and Pendulum, Warp issued a second compilation of B-sides and rarities, The Future Crayon, on 21 August 2006. In October 2009, Broadcast released an album with the Focus Group called Broadcast. In late 2009, their song I Found the F was covered by Gravenhurst on the Warp20 compilation, the band was chosen by Matt Groening to perform at the All Tomorrows Parties festival he curated in May 2010 in Minehead, Somerset, England. Keenan died on 14 January 2011 at the age of 42, following complications with pneumonia, Broadcast were credited with providing the soundtrack Berberian Sound Studio for Peter Stricklands 2012 film of the same name, the soundtrack was released 7 January 2013. Cargill, the remaining member, revealed in an 2011 interview with Under the Radar that a new Broadcast album was in the works. This was confirmed by Cargill in an interview in the April 2013 edition of Shindig, magazine although, as of 2017, the album has not been released. It was also reminiscent of Stereolab, however, despite the similar musical pedigree, Broadcasts music is often darker and edgier in sound – with amorphous samples and analogue dissonance giving it a retro-futuristic sci-fi edge
Broadcast (band)
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Broadcast performing at Sónar Galicia in
A Coruña, Spain in June 2010
25.
Velvet Underground
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The Velvet Underground was a rock band formed in New York, America, by singer/guitarist Lou Reed, multi-instrumentalist John Cale, guitarist Sterling Morrison, and drummer Angus MacLise. The provocative subject matter, musical experimentation, and often nihilistic attitudes explored in the work would prove influential in the development of punk rock. In 2004, Rolling Stone ranked the band No.19 on its list of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time, the band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1996 by Patti Smith. The foundations for what would become the Velvet Underground were laid in late 1964, singer/songwriter/guitarist Lou Reed had performed with a few short-lived garage bands and had worked as a songwriter for Pickwick Records. Reed met John Cale, a Welshman who had moved to the United States to study classical music upon securing a scholarship. Cale had worked with experimental composers Cornelius Cardew and La Monte Young, Youngs use of extended drones would be a profound influence on the bands early sound. Cale was pleasantly surprised to discover that Reeds experimentalist tendencies were similar to his own, the pair rehearsed and performed together, their partnership and shared interests built the path towards what would later become the Velvet Underground. Reed and Cale recruited Sterling Morrison—a college classmate of Reeds at Syracuse University—as a replacement for Walter De Maria, Reed and Morrison both played guitars, Cale played viola, keyboards and bass and Angus MacLise joined on percussion to complete the initial four-member unit. This quartet was first called the Warlocks, then the Falling Spikes, MacLise made a suggestion to adopt the title as the bands name. The band immediately and unanimously adopted the Velvet Underground as its new name in November 1965, the newly named Velvet Underground rehearsed and performed in New York City. Their music was much more relaxed than it would later become, Cale described this era as reminiscent of beat poetry. When he briefly returned to Britain, Cale attempted to give a copy of the tape to Marianne Faithfull, hoping shed pass it on to Mick Jagger, nothing ever came of this, but the demo was eventually released on the 1995 box set Peel Slowly and See. Manager and music journalist Al Aronowitz arranged for the groups first paying gig—$75 to play at Summit High School, in Summit, New Jersey, opening for the Myddle Class. When they decided to take the gig, MacLise abruptly left the group, protesting what he considered a sellout, he was unwilling to be told when to start. Angus was in it for art, Morrison reported, MacLise was replaced by Maureen Moe Tucker, the younger sister of Morrisons friend Jim Tucker. Her rhythms, at once simple and exotic, became a part of the groups music. The group earned a regular paying gig at the Café Bizarre, in 1965, after being introduced to the Velvet Underground by filmmaker Barbara Rubin, Andy Warhol became the bands manager and suggested they use the German-born singer Nico on several songs. Warhols reputation helped the band gain a higher profile and he helped the band secure a recording contract with MGMs Verve Records, with himself as nominal producer, and gave the Velvets free rein over the sound they created
Velvet Underground
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1993 promotional photo. From left to right:
Sterling Morrison (at back),
Maureen Tucker,
John Cale and
Lou Reed
26.
Morvern Callar
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Morvern Callar was the debut novel by Scottish author Alan Warner, first published in 1995. Narrated in the first person, it tells the story of Morvern, Hed near chopped off His hand with the meat cleaver. He couldnt object so I lit a Silk Cut, a sort of wave of something was going across me. There was fright but Id daydreamed how Id be, the novel progresses with Morvern living her life in the port of Oban, Scotland, and publishing her deceased lovers novel under her own name. The novel was a winner of the Somerset Maugham Award in 1996, characters within the novel include Morvern, Lanna, Vanessa the Depresser, Couris Jean, Red Hanna, Tequila Sheila, Creeping Jesus, The Complex Boys, and Granny Phimster. The character of Morvern also is in Warners second novel, These Demented Lands and third novel, the book was made into a film in 2002, starring Samantha Morton and directed by Lynne Ramsay
Morvern Callar
–
First edition cover
27.
Alice Sebold
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Alice Sebold is an American writer. She has published three books, Lucky, The Lovely Bones, and The Almost Moon, Sebold was born in Madison, Wisconsin. She grew up in the suburbs of Philadelphia, where her father taught Spanish at the University of Pennsylvania, Sebold graduated from Great Valley High School in Malvern, Pennsylvania, in 1980. In the early hours of May 8,1981, while a freshman at Syracuse University and her attacker dragged her into a tunnel and severely sodomized her, urinated on her, and brutally beat her. She reported the crime to the police, who took her statement and investigated, Sebold returned home to Pennsylvania for the summer before returning to Syracuse to finish her bachelors degree and study writing. On October 5,1981, while walking down a street near the Syracuse campus and she notified police and testified against the rapist in court, he was convicted of rape and sodomy, and sentenced to eight to 25 years. Her attacker is out of now, but Sebold says she has not kept track of his whereabouts. Following graduation from Syracuse in 1984, Sebold briefly attended the University of Houston in Texas, for graduate school and she held several waitressing jobs while pursuing a writing career, but neither her poetry nor her attempts at writing a novel came to fruition. She also began using heroin recreationally, Sebold recounted her substance abuse to students at an Evening of Fiction workshop by saying, I did a lot of things that I am not particularly proud of and that I can’t believe that I did. Sebold left New York for Southern California, where she became a caretaker of a colony, earning $386 a month. She ultimately obtained an MFA from the University of California, Irvine in 1998, Sebold began writing the book that would become Lucky in New York, as a ten-page assignment for her class. In its first drafts, the book was a version of her rape and its aftermath, while in graduate school. The books title came from a policeman who had told Sebold that she was lucky to be alive, at age 33, Sebold then began writing a novel called Monsters, about the rape and murder of a 14-year-old girl. The story was based on her realization that within the world of my upbringing there was as many strange stories as there were in the more romanticized parts of the world. The novel eventually became The Lovely Bones, which one called a disturbing story, full of horror and confusion and deep. And yet it reflects a moving, passionate interest in and love for life as its most wonderful. The New York Times observed that Ms. Sebold the ability to both the ordinary and the extraordinary, the banal and the horrific, in lyrical, unsentimental prose. In an interview with Publishers Weekly, Sebold said, I was motivated to write about violence because I believe its not unusual
Alice Sebold
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Sebold in New York City, October 2007
28.
The Lovely Bones
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The Lovely Bones is a 2002 novel by Alice Sebold. The novel received critical praise and became an instant bestseller. A film adaptation, directed by Peter Jackson, who purchased the rights, was released in 2009. And I began to see things in a way that let me hold the world without me in it, the events my death brought were merely the bones of a body that would become whole at some unpredictable time in the future. The price of what I came to see as this body had been my life. On December 6,1973, 14-year-old Susie Salmon takes her usual shortcut home from her school through a cornfield in Norristown, Pennsylvania. George Harvey, her 36-year-old neighbor who lives alone and builds houses for a living. Once she enters, he rapes and murders her, then dismembers her body, Susies spirit flees toward her personal heaven, and in doing so, rushes past one of her classmates, social outcast Ruth Connors. The Salmon family at first refuses to believe that Susie is dead, the police talk to Harvey, finding him strange but seeing no reason to suspect him. Susies father, Jack, begins to suspect Harvey, a sentiment his surviving daughter Lindsey comes to share, Jack takes an extended leave from work. Later, Len Fenerman, the assigned to the case. That night in his study, Jack looks out the window, thinking it is Harvey returning to destroy more evidence, he runs out to confront him, armed with a baseball bat. The figure is not Harvey, but Clarissa, Susies best friend who is dating Brian, as Susie watches in horror from heaven, Brian—who was going to meet Clarissa in the cornfield—nearly beats Jack to death, and Clarissa breaks Jacks knee. While he recovers from knee replacement surgery, Susies mother, Abigail, trying to help her father prove his suspicions, Lindsey sneaks into Harveys house and finds a diagram of the underground den, but is forced to leave when Harvey returns unexpectedly. The police do not arrest him, however, which enables him to flee from Norristown, later, evidence is discovered linking Harvey to Susies murder as well as to those of several other girls. Meanwhile, Susie meets Harveys other victims in heaven and sees into his traumatic childhood, Abigail leaves Jack and eventually takes a job at a winery in California. Her mother, Grandma Lynn, moves into the Salmons home to care for Buckley and Lindsey, sometime after the celebration, while arguing with his son Buckley, Jack suffers a heart attack. The emergency prompts Abigail to return from California, but the reunion is tempered by Buckleys lingering bitterness for her having abandoned the family for most of his childhood, meanwhile, Harvey returns to Norristown, which has become more developed
The Lovely Bones
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The Lovely Bones
The Lovely Bones
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Alice Sebold in 2007
