1.
Canton, Ohio
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Canton is a city in and the county seat of Stark County, Ohio, United States. Founded in 1805 alongside the Middle and West Branches of Nimishillen Creek, however, its status in that regard began to decline during the late 20th century, as shifts in the manufacturing industry led to the relocation or repositioning of many factories. After this decline, the industry diversified into the service economy, including retailing, education, finance. Canton is located approximately 24 miles south of Akron, and 60 miles south of Cleveland, Canton lies on the outskirts of the greater northeast Ohio metropolitan area anchored by Cleveland, and is also a short distance away from the periphery of the greater Pittsburgh area. The city lies on the edge of Ohios extensive Amish country, particularly in Holmes and Wayne counties to the citys west and southwest. Canton is located along Interstate 77, U. S. Route 62, and the historic Lincoln Highway, the present-day U. S. Route 30, and is also the terminus of the Cuyahoga Valley Scenic Railroad. Canton is the largest incorporated area in the Canton-Massillon, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area, as of the 2010 Census, the population was 404,422. Cantons city population declined 9. 7%, down to 73,007 residents, despite this decline, the 2010 figure actually moved Canton from ninth to eighth place among Ohio cities. Nearby Youngstown in Mahoning County, once more populous than Canton. Canton is chiefly notable for two reasons, the first is football, especially the Pro Football Hall of Fame and the formation in 1920 of what became the National Football League. The second is William McKinley, who conducted from his home in Canton the famed front porch campaign which won him the presidency of the United States in the 1896 election, the McKinley National Memorial and the William McKinley Presidential Library and Museum commemorate his life and presidency. Canton was chosen as the site of the First Ladies National Historic Site largely in honor of his wife, Canton is currently experiencing an urban renaissance, anchored by its growing and thriving arts district centrally located in the downtown area. Several historic buildings have been rehabilitated and converted into upscale lofts, Canton was founded in 1805, incorporated as a village in 1822, and re-incorporated as a city in 1838. Bezaleel Wells, the surveyor who divided the land of the town, named it after Canton, the name was a memorial to a trader named John ODonnell, whom Wells admired. ODonnell had named his Maryland plantation after the Chinese city, as he had been the first person to transport goods from there to Baltimore, Canton was the adopted home of President William McKinley. Born in Niles, McKinley first practiced law in Canton around 1867, the city was his home during his successful campaign for Ohio governor, the site of his front-porch presidential campaign of 1896 and the campaign of 1900. Canton is now the site of the William McKinley Presidential Library and Museum, Cantons street layout forms the basis for the system of addresses in Stark County. Canton proper is divided into quadrants by Tuscarawas Street and Market Avenue
2.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
3.
Contemporary R&B
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Contemporary R&B, also known as simply R&B, is a music genre that combines elements of rhythm and blues, soul, funk, pop, hip hop and dance. The genre features a record production style, drum machine-backed rhythms, an occasional saxophone-laced beat to give a jazz feel. Electronic influences are becoming a trend and the use of hip hop or dance-inspired beats are typical, although the roughness. Contemporary R&B vocalists are often known for their use of melisma, popularized by such as Michael Jackson, R. Kelly, Craig David, Stevie Wonder, Whitney Houston. That same year, Teddy Riley began producing R&B recordings that included hip hop influences and this combination of R&B style and hip hop rhythms was termed new jack swing and was applied to artists such as Bobby Brown, Keith Sweat, Al B. Guy, Jodeci and Bell Biv DeVoe, the style became less popular by the end of the 1990s, but later experienced a resurgence. In 1990 Mariah Carey released Vision of Love as her debut single and it was immensely popular peaking at number 1 in many worldwide charts including the Billboard Hot 100, and it propelled Mariahs carrier. The song is said to have popularized the use of melisma. During the mid-1990s, Whitney Houstons The Bodyguard, Original Soundtrack Album sold over 40 million copies becoming the best-selling soundtrack of all time. Janet Jacksons self-titled fifth studio album janet. which came after her historic multimillion-dollar contract with Virgin Records, sold over twenty million copies worldwide. Boyz II Men and Mariah Carey recorded several Billboard Hot 100 No.1 hits, including One Sweet Day, Carey also released a remix of her 1995 single Fantasy, with Ol Dirty Bastard as a feature, a collaboration format that was unheard of at this point. Carey, Boyz II Men and TLC released albums in 1994 and 1995—Daydream, II and CrazySexyCool. In the late 1990s, neo soul, which added 1970s soul influences to the hip hop soul blend, arose, led by such as DAngelo, Erykah Badu. Hill and Missy Elliott further blurred the line between R&B and hip hop by recording both styles, beginning in 1995, the Grammy Awards enacted the Grammy Award for Best R&B Album, with II by Boyz II Men becoming the first recipient. The award was received by TLC for CrazySexyCool in 1996, Tony Rich for Words in 1997, Erykah Badu for Baduizm in 1998. At the end of 1999, Billboard magazine ranked Mariah Carey and Janet Jackson as the first, simultaneously, in the second half of the 1990s, The Neptunes and Timbaland set influential precedence on contemporary R&B and hip hop music. R&B acts such as Michael Jackson, Whitney Houston, Janet Jackson, Mariah Carey, Usher, in 2001, Alicia Keys released Fallin as her debut single. It peaking at one on the Billboard Hot 100, Mainstream Top 40
4.
Soul music
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Soul music is a popular music genre that originated in the United States in the late 1950s and early 1960s. It combines elements of African-American gospel music, rhythm and blues, Soul music became popular for dancing and listening in the United States, where record labels such as Motown, Atlantic and Stax were influential during the Civil Rights Movement. Soul also became popular around the world, directly influencing rock music, catchy rhythms, stressed by handclaps and extemporaneous body moves, are an important feature of soul music. Other characteristics are a call and response between the lead vocalist and the chorus and a tense vocal sound. The style also occasionally uses improvisational additions, twirls and auxiliary sounds, Soul music reflected the African-American identity and it stressed the importance of an African-American culture. The new-found African-American consciousness led to new styles of music, which boasted pride in being black, Soul music dominated the U. S. R&B chart in the 1960s, and many recordings crossed over into the pop charts in the U. S. By 1968, the music genre had begun to splinter. Some soul artists developed funk music, while other singers and groups developed slicker, more sophisticated, by the early 1970s, soul music had been influenced by psychedelic rock and other genres, leading to psychedelic soul. The United States saw the development of neo soul around 1994, there are also several other subgenres and offshoots of soul music. The term soul had been used among African-American musicians to emphasize the feeling of being an African-American in the United States, according to another source, Soul music was the result of the urbanization and commercialization of rhythm and blues in the 60s. The phrase soul music itself, referring to music with secular lyrics, is first attested in 1961. The term soul in African-American parlance has connotations of African-American pride, gospel groups in the 1940s and 1950s occasionally used the term as part of their name. The jazz style that derived from gospel came to be called soul jazz, important innovators whose recordings in the 1950s contributed to the emergence of soul music included Clyde McPhatter, Hank Ballard, and Etta James. Ray Charles is often cited as popularizing the genre with his string of hits starting with 1954s I Got a Woman. Singer Bobby Womack said, Ray was the genius and he turned the world onto soul music. Charles was open in acknowledging the influence of Pilgrim Travelers vocalist Jesse Whitaker on his singing style, little Richard and James Brown were equally influential. Sam Cooke and Jackie Wilson are also acknowledged as soul forefathers. Cooke became popular as the singer of gospel group The Soul Stirrers
5.
Jazz
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Jazz is a music genre that originated amongst African Americans in New Orleans, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and developed from roots in Blues and Ragtime. Since the 1920s jazz age, jazz has become recognized as a form of musical expression. Jazz is characterized by swing and blue notes, call and response vocals, polyrhythms, Jazz has roots in West African cultural and musical expression, and in African-American music traditions including blues and ragtime, as well as European military band music. Although the foundation of jazz is deeply rooted within the Black experience of the United States, different cultures have contributed their own experience, intellectuals around the world have hailed jazz as one of Americas original art forms. As jazz spread around the world, it drew on different national, regional, and local musical cultures, New Orleans jazz began in the early 1910s, combining earlier brass-band marches, French quadrilles, biguine, ragtime and blues with collective polyphonic improvisation. In the 1930s, heavily arranged dance-oriented swing big bands, Kansas City jazz, bebop emerged in the 1940s, shifting jazz from danceable popular music toward a more challenging musicians music which was played at faster tempos and used more chord-based improvisation. Cool jazz developed in the end of the 1940s, introducing calmer, smoother sounds and long, modal jazz developed in the late 1950s, using the mode, or musical scale, as the basis of musical structure and improvisation. Jazz-rock fusion appeared in the late 1960s and early 1970s, combining jazz improvisation with rock rhythms, electric instruments. In the early 1980s, a form of jazz fusion called smooth jazz became successful. Other styles and genres abound in the 2000s, such as Latin, the question of the origin of the word jazz has resulted in considerable research, and its history is well documented. It is believed to be related to jasm, a term dating back to 1860 meaning pep. The use of the word in a context was documented as early as 1915 in the Chicago Daily Tribune. Its first documented use in a context in New Orleans was in a November 14,1916 Times-Picayune article about jas bands. In an interview with NPR, musician Eubie Blake offered his recollections of the slang connotations of the term, saying, When Broadway picked it up. That was dirty, and if you knew what it was, the American Dialect Society named it the Word of the Twentieth Century. Jazz has proved to be difficult to define, since it encompasses such a wide range of music spanning a period of over 100 years. Attempts have been made to define jazz from the perspective of other musical traditions, in the opinion of Robert Christgau, most of us would say that inventing meaning while letting loose is the essence and promise of jazz. As Duke Ellington, one of jazzs most famous figures, said, although jazz is considered highly difficult to define, at least in part because it contains so many varied subgenres, improvisation is consistently regarded as being one of its key elements
6.
Atlantic Records
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Atlantic Recording Corporation is an American major record label founded in October 1947 by Ahmet Ertegün and Herb Abramson. In 2004, Atlantic Records and its sister label Elektra Records merged into Atlantic Records Group, craig Kallman is currently the chairman of Atlantic Records. Ahmet Ertegün served as founding chairman until his death on December 14,2006, the brothers had become ardent fans of jazz and rhythm & blues music, amassing a collection of over 15,00078 RPM records. He convinced the family dentist, Dr Vahdi Sabit, to invest $10,000 and recruited Herb Abramson, Abramson had worked as a part-time A&R manager/producer for the jazz label National Records, signing Big Joe Turner and Billy Eckstine. He founded Jubilee Records in 1946, but had no interest in its most successful artists, so, in September 1947, he sold his share in Jubilee to his partner, Jerry Blaine, and invested $2500 in the new Atlantic label. When interviewed in 2009 she attributed her reputation to the companys chronic cash-flow shortage, most of the problems we had with artists were that they wanted advances, and that was very difficult for us. We were undercapitalized for a long time, the labels original office in the Ritz Hotel, Manhattan proved too expensive so they relocated to an $85 per month room in the Hotel Jefferson. In its early years Atlantic focused principally on modern jazz although it released some country and western and spoken word recordings. The union action forced Atlantic to use almost all its capital to cut and stockpile enough recordings to last through the ban, Ertegun and Abramson spent much of the late 1940s and early 1950s scouring nightclubs in search of talent. Ertegun composed many songs under the alias A, in early 1949 a New Orleans distributor phoned Ertegun trying to obtain Stick McGhees Drinking Wine, Spo-Dee-O-Dee, which was unavailable due to the closure of McGhees previous label. Ertegun knew Sticks younger brother Brownie McGhee, with whom Stick happened to be staying, so he contacted the McGhee brothers, Ertegun asked about artists royalties, which he paid, which surprised Columbia executives, who did not, which scuttled the deal. On the recommendation of broadcaster Willis Conover, Ertegun and Abramson went to see Ruth Brown at the Crystal Caverns club in Washington and she was badly injured in a car accident en route to New York but Atlantic supported her for nine months and then signed her. Her first release for the label So Long, cut at her second Atlantic session on May 25,1949 with the Eddie Condon band, was a major hit, reaching #6 on the R&B chart. Brown went on to more than eighty songs for the label, becoming the most prolific. So significant was Browns success to Atlantics fortunes that the label became known colloquially as The House That Ruth Built. The Clovers Dont You Know I Love You became the labels first R&B #1 in September 1951 and she hit #1 again in March–April 1952 with 5-10-15 Hours. After she left the label in 1961 Browns fortunes declined rapidly - within a few years was reduced to working as a cleaner and bus-driver to support her children. Brown eventually received a payment of $20,000 and founded a charity
7.
Epic Records
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Epic Records is an American record company owned by Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America, Inc. Epic was founded predominantly as a jazz and classical music label in 1953 and it later expanded its scope to include a more diverse range of musical genres, including pop, R&B, rock and hip hop. Historically, the label has housed popular acts such as Boston, ABBA, Michael Jackson, Celine Dion, Dave Clark Five, Gloria Estefan, Pearl Jam, Shakira, Anastacia, and Sly & the Family Stone. Along with Columbia and RCA Records, Epic is one of Sony Music Entertainments three main record labels, L. A. Reid has served as chairman and CEO of Epic since July 2011. Sylvia Rhone was appointed president in March 2014, Epic Records was launched in 1953 by Columbia Records for the purpose of marketing jazz, pop and classical music that did not fit the theme of its more mainstream Columbia Records label. Initial classical music releases were from Philips Records which distributed Columbia product in Europe, pop talent on co-owned Okeh Records were transferred to Epic which made Okeh a rhythm and blues label. Epics bright-yellow, black, and blue became a familiar trademark for many jazz. By 1960, the musical base had been expanded to include all genres. This was done in part to prevent the roster of Columbia Records from being overstuffed with newer artists, subsequently, Epic became better known for its signing of newer, fledgling acts. By the end of the 1960s, Epic earned its first gold records and had evolved into a formidable hit-making force in rock and roll, R&B and country music. Among its many acts, it included Roy Hamilton, Bobby Vinton, The Dave Clark Five, The Hollies, Tammy Wynette, Donovan, The Yardbirds, Lulu, July, Helen Shapiro and Jeff Beck. Also during the 1960s, Epic oversaw the smaller subsidiary CBS labels including Okeh Records, in 1968, Epic recordings began being distributed in the UK by CBS after the distribution deal with EMI expired that year, Epic itself launched in England around 1971. Epic was involved in a trade of artists. Graham Nash was signed to Epic because of his membership in The Hollies, when the newly formed Crosby, Stills & Nash wanted to sign with Atlantic Records, Ahmet Ertegün worked out a deal with Clive Davis whereby Richie Furays new band Poco would sign with Epic. Also contributing to the success was its distribution of Philadelphia International Records. Sony bought CBS Records in 1987, and the company was renamed Sony Music in 1991. In 2004, Sony merged with another powerhouse music distributor, BMG, bringing labels such as RCA, Arista, Columbia, Epic, Jive, in February 2009, singer and songwriter Amanda Ghost was appointed president of Epic Records. Later in the year, Sony BMG Music merged Epic and Columbias operations, Sony BMGs Legacy Recordings reissues the companys classic and catalog titles
8.
Geffen Records
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Geffen Records is an American major record label, owned by Universal Music Group, which operates as one third of the Interscope Geffen A&M Records label. On March 23,2017, Billboard. com announced the label was relaunching with longtime A&R Neil Jacobson as President, Geffen Records was started in 1980 by music industry businessman David Geffen who, in the early 1970s, had founded Asylum Records. Geffen stepped down from Asylum in 1975, when he crossed over to film and was named a vice-president of Warner Bros and he was fired from Warner circa 1978, but remained locked in a 5-year contract, which prevented him from working elsewhere. He returned to work in 1980 and struck a deal with Warner Bros. Records to create Geffen Records, profits were split 50/50 between Geffen and the respective distributors. Geffen Records first artist was disco superstar Donna Summer, whose gold-selling album The Wanderer became the labels first release in 1980, the label followed it up with Double Fantasy by John Lennon and Yoko Ono. It was Lennons first new album since 1975, two weeks after it entered the charts, Lennon was murdered in New York City. As the 1980s progressed, Geffen would go on to have success with acts as Kylie Minogue, Enya, Quarterflash, Oxo, Asia, Wang Chung. This prompted Geffen to create a label, DGC Records in 1990. Geffen also distributed the first incarnation of Def American Recordings through Warner Bros. from 1988 to 1990, after a decade of operating through Warner, when its contract with the company expired, the label was sold to MCA Music Entertainment in 1990. The deal ultimately earned David Geffen an estimated US$800 million in stock, following the sale, Geffen Records operated as one of MCAs leading independently managed labels. Geffen Records would distribute releases on the new operations DreamWorks Records subsidiary, Universal Music Group acquired PolyGram in 1999, resulting in a corporate reorganization of labels. Geffen Records, along with A&M Records, was merged into Interscope Records. Although Geffen would continue to exist as a brand, it was downsized to fit into the expansion of Interscope. At the same time, international distribution of Interscope and Geffen releases switched to ex-PolyGram label Polydor Records, meanwhile, DreamWorks Records also folded, with artists such as Nelly Furtado, Lifehouse and Rufus Wainwright being absorbed by Geffen as well. During this time, DGC Records was also folded into Geffen, at the end of 2007, however, Geffen was absorbed further into Interscope, laying off sixty employees. In 2009, it was announced that Geffen Records had signed an agreement with the Holy See to produce an album of Marian songs, jimmy Iovine relaunched the Geffen imprint in 2011, moving its headquarters from California to New York City
9.
Concord Records
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Concord Records is an American record label based in Beverly Hills, California. The labels artists have won 14 Grammy Awards and 88 Grammy nominations, Concord issues live recordings from festivals and other venues, including a series of piano recitals from Maybeck Recital Hall in Berkeley, California, by many well-known pianists. Concords labels included Concord Picante for Latin jazz and Concord Concerto for classical music, Concord also includes The Jazz Alliance, founded around 1990 to issue programs from Marian McPartlands radio broadcast Piano Jazz. In 1999 Concord Records was purchased by a led by Hal Gaba. Its offices were moved from Concord to Beverly Hills in 2002 and its catalog was increased in 2004 with the purchase of Fantasy Records, which meant acquiring Prestige, Stax and Specialty. The company resulting from the merger came to be known as Concord Music Group and that same year, Concord partnered with Starbucks to release Ray Charless Genius Loves Company, which won eight Grammy Awards, including Album of the Year. On December 19,2005, it was announced that the group had purchased Telarc Records and its subsidiary Heads Up, in 2007, Concord started the Hear Music label in association with Starbucks, signing such artists as Paul McCartney, Joni Mitchell, and John Mellencamp. Although Starbucks ceased to be a partner an year later, Concord kept Hear active, having a Top 5 album in 2010 with Carole King. In 2008, Village Roadshow Pictures Group and Concord Music Group completed their merger, kenny G signed to Concord in early 2008, Herb Alpert in early 2009. On June 5,2009, Dave Koz signed to Concord, Concord Music Group purchased Rounder Records in 2010. In 2010, it was announced that Paul McCartneys solo and Wings catalogs would be distributed by Concord Music Group. In March 2013, Wood Creek Capital purchased Concord Music Group from Village Entertainment, in December 2015, R. E. M. announced that they would transfer their Warner Bros. Records recordings from 1988 to 2011 to Concord Records. Casey Abrams Shayne Pilpel List of record labels
10.
Entertainment One Music
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Entertainment One Music, a primary division of Entertainment One, is an independent record label in the United States. It has garnered the most Billboard hits of any independently owned music label in history and it is also distributed by the Universal Music Group in Europe under the name eOne Universal. On January 22,2009, Koch Records was officially branded as E1 Music by parent company Entertainment One, E1 Entertainment acquired KOCH Entertainment in June 2005, and renamed the company E1 Music. Since its inception as KOCH Records, E1 Music has charted over 100 albums on Billboards Independent Chart, E1 Music has been the number one independent label according to Billboard for the last six years and quickly grew to become North Americas largest independently owned and distributed record label. E1 Music covers all genres from adult-contemporary to rock, hip hop/urban to country. E1 Music was formed in January 1987 as Koch Records to serve as the North American umbrella for Koch Entertainment. They would sign many country, classical, and rock acts including Ringo Starr, Joan Baez, Chris Brubeck, Bob James, the label soon began to gain ground on the other independent record labels in the United States. In the 2000s, they began to sign hip hop acts. They signed various distribution deals with labels like Open Bar Entertainment, Terror Squad, D-Block Records, in 2004, they were able to sign a deal with Snoop Dogg and his Doggystyle Records along with Mobb Deep. They hired Snoop Dogg on to head up their western spin off Koch West, Koch also added onto their roster, Camron and his Diplomat Records. Diplomat rapper, Jim Jones would rise to prominence on the label through the deal, Koch later signed Yonkers rapper, J-Hood and his label On Da Grind Ent. Koch has also had releases from 2Pac, Tha Dogg Pound, Kurupt, Daz Dillinger and Gangsta Advisory. In 2007, when they signed J-Hood they gave him a big position in their Koch East division, J-Hood never released this album and he was booted from D-Block. In 2007, they signed a deal with Foxy Brown and her Black Rose Entertainment, as well as with Ray J. Slim Thug was signed to the label along with his Boss Hoggs label in late 2005. Latin Thug Records was formed by CEO Reyes to build a business with his brother and acting VP of A&R Mellow Man Ace that would focus on releasing personal projects. The label represents the extended Latin Thug family, including projects from Sen and Mellow and collaborations with B Real, Soul Assassins. In March 2008, the company signed neo-soul singer Dwele to their lineup, in October 2008, they signed also pop-jazz singer Basia, and released her comeback album Its That Girl Again a year later. Koch Records also releases music, such as Pokémon, Barney, Sesame Street, The Wiggles
11.
Natalie Cole
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Natalie Maria Cole was an American singer, voice actress, songwriter, and actress. The daughter of Nat King Cole, she rose to success in the mid-1970s as an R&B artist with the hits This Will Be, Inseparable. After a period of failing sales and performances due to a drug addiction, Cole re-emerged as a pop artist with the 1987 album Everlasting. In the 1990s, she re-recorded standards by her father, resulting in her biggest success, with Love, which sold over seven million copies and also won Cole seven Grammy Awards. She sold over 30 million records worldwide and she is best known for the role of herself in Yakety Yak, Take it Back, and Trash Talk, and the singing voice of Sawyer Cat in the Cats Dont Dance franchise. On December 31,2015, Cole died at the age of 65 at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, California, regarding her childhood, Cole referred to her family as the black Kennedys and was exposed to many great singers of jazz, soul and blues. At the age of 6, Natalie sang on her fathers Christmas album, Cole grew up with an older adopted sister, Carole Cookie, adopted brother Nat Kelly Cole, and younger twin sisters Timolin and Casey. Her paternal uncle Freddy Cole is a singer and pianist with numerous albums, Cole enrolled in Northfield School for Girls, an elite New England preparatory school before her father died of lung cancer in February 1965. Soon afterwards she began having a relationship with her mother. She enrolled in the University of Massachusetts Amherst and she transferred briefly to University of Southern California where she pledged the Upsilon chapter of Delta Sigma Theta sorority. She later transferred back to the University of Massachusetts, where she majored in Child Psychology and minored in German, Cole grew up listening to a variety of artists from soul artists such as Aretha Franklin to psychedelic blues-rock icon Janis Joplin. After graduation she began singing at clubs with her band. Clubs initially welcomed her because she was Nat King Coles daughter, only to be disappointed when she began covering R&B, while performing, she was noted by a couple of producers in the Chicago area, Chuck Jackson and Marvin Yancy, who then approached her to do records. After cutting several records together, they passed off the music to record labels. Most labels turned them down with one exception, capitol Records, her fathers label, heard the records and agreed to sign her. In fact, Franklin later contended that such as This Will Be, I Cant Say No. Franklin turned most of the songs down but agreed to record the track for her album. Released in 1975, the became an instant success thanks to This Will Be
12.
Velvet Revolver
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Velvet Revolver was an American hard rock supergroup consisting of former Guns N Roses members Slash, Duff McKagan, and Matt Sorum, alongside Dave Kushner formerly of punk band Wasted Youth. Original vocalist Scott Weiland formerly of Stone Temple Pilots left the band in 2008, in 2004, the band achieved commercial success with their debut album, Contraband. With their single Slither, they won the 2005 Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock Performance, the band released Libertad in 2007, driven by the release of the single She Builds Quick Machines, and embarked on a tour with Alice in Chains. In April 2008, Weiland left Velvet Revolver and reunited with Stone Temple Pilots, Velvet Revolver was put on indefinite hiatus in April 2008. The release of Slashs self-titled debut solo album and Duff McKagans addition to the Janes Addiction lineup seemed to put the future of the band in doubt, however, McKagan left Janes Addiction a few months after joining. Slash and McKagan have since rejoined Guns N Roses, Slash, Duff McKagan, and Matt Sorum were members of the hard rock band Guns N Roses. However, a relationship with singer Axl Rose resulted in Slash, in 1996. By 2001, Slashs Snakepit had disbanded for the second time, Slash began working with The Black Crowes drummer Steve Gorman and an unnamed bassist on a new project, writing the music for what would become Fall to Pieces. McKagan reformed Loaded, previously his band for the tour in support of Beautiful Disease, McKagan also added both Mike Squires and Jeff Rouse to the lineup. Following a tour of Japan in 2002, former Zilch, Wasted Youth, Electric Love Hogs, during a Loaded show at West Hollywoods Viper Room, McKagan introduced Kushner to Slash, who were previously friends in junior high and high school. Kushner was invited to jam with the group and was invited to join with Slash. There was no deliberation, that was it, it was a perfect fit and their former Guns N Roses band mate Izzy Stradlin also joined them for two weeks, eventually suggesting that Duff and will sing and will just do a club tour in a van. Slash states in his autobiography that it was hard to tell if Stradlin was serious or kidding, after auditioning Kelly Shaefer of Atheist and Neurotica, Stradlin left the group. While Shaefers audition was unsuccessful, the quartet continued auditioning for a lead singer, the resulting documentary was aired as VH1 Inside Out, The Rise of Velvet Revolver. Myles Kennedy, formerly of The Mayfield Four, declined an invitation from Sorum to audition, ian Astbury of The Cult and Mike Patton of Faith No More also declined audition offers. The band were interested in auditioning Stone Temple Pilots singer Scott Weiland. Weiland once played on the bill as Kushner, and was in rehab at the same time as Sorum. Weiland was sent two discs of material, and felt that the first disc sounded like Bad Company gone wrong
13.
Black Eyed Peas
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The Black Eyed Peas is an American group, consisting of rappers will. i. am, apl. de. ap, Taboo, and singer Fergie. Originally an alternative hip hop group, they changed their musical sound to pop and dance-pop music. Although the group was founded in Los Angeles in 1995, it was not until the release of their third album Elephunk in 2003 that they achieved record sales. Since that time, the group has sold an estimated 76 million records, according to Nielsen SoundScan, the Black Eyed Peas were the second-best-selling artist/group of all time for downloaded tracks, with over 42 million sales as of the end of 2011. Their first major hit was the 2003 single Where Is the Love, from Elephunk, which topped the charts in 13 countries, including the United Kingdom, where it spent seven weeks at number one and went on to become Britains biggest selling single of 2003. Another European hit single from the album was Shut Up. Their fourth album, Monkey Business, was an even bigger success, certified 4× Platinum in the U. S. and spawning four singles, Dont Phunk with My Heart, Dont Lie, My Humps. I Gotta Feeling became the first single to more than one million downloads in the United Kingdom. The Black Eyed Peas were ranked 12th on Billboards Decade-End Chart Artist of the Decade, at the 52nd Grammy Awards ceremony, held in January 2010, they won three awards out of six nominations. In November 2010, they released the album The Beginning, in February 2011, the group performed at the Super Bowl XLV halftime show. The Black Eyed Peas date back to 1988, when eighth-graders William Adams and Allan Pineda met, the pair signed to Ruthless Records in 1992, catching the attention of Eazy-E manager Jerry Hellers nephew. Along with another friend of theirs, Dante Santiago, they called their trio Atban Klann, will 1X, apl. de. ap, Mookie Mook, DJ Motiv8, and Dante Santiago formed Atban Klann. Their debut album, Grass Roots, was never released due to Ruthless records founder Eazy-Es death, after Eazy-E died in 1995, Atban Klann reformed and changed their name to Black Eyed Pods, and then Black Eyed Peas. Dante Santiago was replaced with Jaime Gomez, and Kim Hill became a background singer. Unlike the gangsta rap sounds of Los Angeles-based hip hop acts at the time, after being signed to Interscope Records and releasing their debut, Behind the Front the group earned critical acclaim. One of the singles from the album was Joints & Jam, singer Sierra Swan joined in 1998, appearing on the 1998 song Fallin Up, before she left in 2000. Their second album, Bridging the Gap, produced the singles Weekends featuring Esthero, Hill left the band while producing the album, but was still featured on the album tracks for Hot and Tell Your Mama Come as well as in the video for Weekends. Their third album Elephunk began development on November 2,2001 and it was the first album to feature the vocals of current member Fergie
14.
Fatboy Slim
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Norman Quentin Cook, also known by his stage name Fatboy Slim, is an English DJ, musician and record producer/mixer. As a solo act, he has won ten MTV Video Music Awards. His records as Fatboy Slim also helped to popularise the big beat genre, Cook first rose to fame in the 1980s as the bassist of the indie rock band The Housemartins who scored a UK number-one single with their a cappella cover of Isley-Jasper-Isleys Caravan of Love. Cook then went on to numerous other acts, including Freak Power, Pizzaman. Cook adopted the Fatboy Slim moniker in 1996 and released Better Living Through Chemistry to critical acclaim, in 2008, Cook founded a project called The Brighton Port Authority. Cook has been responsible for successful remixes for Cornershop, Beastie Boys, A Tribe Called Quest, Groove Armada, Quentin Leo Cook was born in Bromley, raised in Reigate, Surrey, England, and educated at Reigate Grammar School. He played drums in Disque Attack, a British new wave-influenced rock band, when frontman Charlie Alcock was told by his parents that he had to give up the band to concentrate on his O levels, Cook took over as lead vocalist. At The Railway Tavern in Reigate, Cook met Paul Heaton with whom he formed the Stomping Pondfrogs. At 18, Cook went to Brighton Polytechnic to read a B. A. in English, politics, and sociology, in 1985, Cooks friend Paul Heaton had formed a guitar band called The Housemartins. Their bassist left on the eve of their first national tour, the band soon had a hit single with Happy Hour, and their two albums, London 0 Hull 4 and The People Who Grinned Themselves to Death, peaked in the Top 10 of the UK Albums Chart. They also reached number one just before Christmas 1986 with a version of Caravan of Love, however, by 1988 they had split up. Heaton and the bands drummer Dave Hemingway went on to form The Beautiful South and it was at this time that he first started working with young studio engineer Simon Thornton, with whom he continues to make records. All of Cooks records released from that point onwards have involved both of them to varying degrees, Cook achieved his first solo hit in 1989, featuring his future Beats International member MC Wildski, called Blame It on the Bassline. MC Wildski, the song followed the template of what was to come in the style of the music of Beats International. It became a modest hit in the UK Singles Chart, reaching number 29, Cook formed Beats International, a loose confederation of studio musicians including vocalists Lindy Layton, Lester Noel, D. J. Baptiste, rapper MC Wildski, and keyboardist Andy Boucher. O. S and this bankrupted Cook as he lost the case and was ordered to pay back twice the royalties made on the record. The 1991 follow-up album Excursion on the Version, an exploration of dub and reggae music, failed to repeat the success of its predecessor, Cook then formed Freak Power with horn player Ashley Slater and singer Jesse Graham. They released their debut album Drive-Thru Booty in 1994, which contained the single Turn On, Tune In, the cut was picked up by the Levis company for use in a multimillion-dollar advertising campaign
15.
Singer-songwriter
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Singer-songwriters are musicians who write, compose, and perform their own musical material, including lyrics and melodies. The genre began with the folk-acoustic tradition, singer-songwriters often provide the sole accompaniment to an entire composition or song, typically using a guitar or piano. Singer-songwriter is used to define popular music artists who write and perform their own material, such an artist performs the roles of composer, lyricist, vocalist, instrumentalist, and often self-manager. Most records by artists have a similarly straightforward and spare sound that placed emphasis on the song itself. The term has also used to describe songwriters in the rock, folk, and pop music genres including Henry Russell, Aristide Bruant, Hank Williams. Song topics include political protest, as in the case of the Almanac Singers, Pete Seeger, the concept of a singer-songwriter can be traced to ancient bardic oral tradition, which has existed in various forms throughout the world. Poems would be performed as chant or song, sometimes accompanied by a harp or other similar instrument, after the invention of printing, songs would be written and performed by ballad sellers. Usually these would be versions of existing tunes and lyrics, which were constantly evolving and this developed into the singer-songwriting traditions of folk culture. The term singer-songwriter in North America can be traced back to singers who developed works in the blues and folk music style. Early to mid-20th century American singer-songwriters include Lead Belly, Jimmie Rodgers, Blind Lemon Jefferson, T-Bone Walker, Blind Willie McTell, Lightnin Hopkins, Son House, the tradition of writing topical songs was established by this group of musicians. This focus on social issues has greatly influenced the singer-songwriter genre, artists who had been primarily songwriters, notably Carole King, Townes Van Zandt, and Neil Diamond, also began releasing work as performers. In contrast to the approach of most prior country and folk music. The adjectives confessional and sensitive were often used singer-songwriter style, in the rock band era, members were not technically singer-songwriters as solo acts. However, many were singer-songwriters who created songs with band members. Many others like Eric Clapton found success as singer-songwriters in their later careers, there were hints of cross-pollination, but rock and folk music had remained largely separate genres, often with different audiences. An early attempt at fusing elements of folk and rock was highlighted in the Animals House of the Rising Sun, dylan plugged an entire generation into the milieu of the singer-songwriter. In the mid- to late 1960s, bands and singer-songwriters began to proliferate the underground New York art/music scene. Lotti Golden, in her Atlantic debut album Motor-Cycle, chronicled her life in NYCs East Village in the late 60s counterculture, visiting subjects such as gender identity, kate Bush remained distinctive throughout with her idiosyncratic style
16.
Record producer
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A record producer or music producer oversees and manages the sound recording and production of a band or performers music, which may range from recording one song to recording a lengthy concept album. A producer has many roles during the recording process, the roles of a producer vary. The producer may perform these roles himself, or help select the engineer, the producer may also pay session musicians and engineers and ensure that the entire project is completed within the record companies budget. A record producer or music producer has a broad role in overseeing and managing the recording. Producers also often take on an entrepreneurial role, with responsibility for the budget, schedules, contracts. In the 2010s, the industry has two kinds of producers with different roles, executive producer and music producer. Executive producers oversee project finances while music producers oversee the process of recording songs or albums. In most cases the producer is also a competent arranger, composer. The producer will also liaise with the engineer who concentrates on the technical aspects of recording. Noted producer Phil Ek described his role as the person who creatively guides or directs the process of making a record, indeed, in Bollywood music, the designation actually is music director. The music producers job is to create, shape, and mold a piece of music, at the beginning of record industry, producer role was technically limited to record, in one shot, artists performing live. The role of producers changed progressively over the 1950s and 1960s due to technological developments, the development of multitrack recording caused a major change in the recording process. Before multitracking, all the elements of a song had to be performed simultaneously, all of these singers and musicians had to be assembled in a large studio and the performance had to be recorded. As well, for a song that used 20 instruments, it was no longer necessary to get all the players in the studio at the same time. Examples include the rock sound effects of the 1960s, e. g. playing back the sound of recorded instruments backwards or clanging the tape to produce unique sound effects. These new instruments were electric or electronic, and thus they used instrument amplifiers, new technologies like multitracking changed the goal of recording, A producer could blend together multiple takes and edit together different sections to create the desired sound. For example, in jazz fusion Bandleader-composer Miles Davis album Bitches Brew, producers like Phil Spector and George Martin were soon creating recordings that were, in practical terms, almost impossible to realise in live performance. Producers became creative figures in the studio, other examples of such engineers includes Joe Meek, Teo Macero, Brian Wilson, and Biddu
17.
Billie Holiday
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Eleanora Fagan, professionally known as Billie Holiday, was an American jazz musician and singer-songwriter with a career spanning nearly thirty years. Nicknamed Lady Day by her friend and music partner Lester Young, Holiday had a influence on jazz music. Her vocal style, strongly inspired by jazz instrumentalists, pioneered a new way of manipulating phrasing and she was known for her vocal delivery and improvisational skills, which made up for her limited range and lack of formal music education. There were other singers with equal talent, but Holiday had a voice that captured the attention of her audience. After a turbulent childhood, Holiday began singing in nightclubs in Harlem, where she was heard by the producer John Hammond and she signed a recording contract with Brunswick Records in 1935. Collaborations with Teddy Wilson yielded the hit What a Little Moonlight Can Do, Throughout the 1930s and 1940s, Holiday had mainstream success on labels such as Columbia Records and Decca Records. By the late 1940s, however, she was beset with legal troubles, after a short prison sentence, she performed a sold-out concert at Carnegie Hall, but her reputation deteriorated because of her drug and alcohol problems. Her final recordings were met with mixed reaction to her voice but were mild commercial successes. Her final album, Lady in Satin, was released in 1958, Holiday died of cirrhosis of the liver in 1959. A posthumous album, Last Recording, was released following her death, much of Holidays material has been rereleased since her death. She is considered a performer with an ongoing influence on American music. She is the recipient of four Grammy awards, all of them posthumous awards for Best Historical Album, Holiday herself was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1973. Lady Sings the Blues, a film about her life, starring Diana Ross, was released in 1972, Eleanora Fagan was born on April 7,1915, in Philadelphia, the daughter of Sarah Julia Sadie Fagan and Clarence Holiday, an unmarried teenaged couple. Her father did not live with her mother, not long after Eleanora was born, Clarence abandoned his family to pursue a career as a jazz banjo player and guitarist. Sarah moved to Philadelphia at age 19, after she was evicted from her parents home in the Sandtown-Winchester neighborhood of Baltimore, Maryland, for becoming pregnant. With no support from her parents, she made arrangements with her older, married half-sister, Eva Miller, the child was of African-American ancestry and was also said to have had Irish ancestors through her mothers mixed heritage. Her mother often took what were known as transportation jobs. Holidays autobiography, Lady Sings the Blues, first published in 1956, is sketchy on details of her early life, some historians have disputed Holidays paternity, as a copy of her birth certificate in the Baltimore archives lists the father as a man named Frank DeViese
18.
Grammy Award
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A Grammy Award, or Grammy, is an honor awarded by The Recording Academy to recognize outstanding achievement in the mainly English-language music industry. The annual presentation ceremony features performances by prominent artists, and the presentation of awards that have a more popular interest. It shares recognition of the industry as that of the other performance awards such as the Emmy Awards, the Tony Awards. The first Grammy Awards ceremony was held on May 4,1959, to honor, following the 2011 ceremony, The Academy overhauled many Grammy Award categories for 2012. The 59th Grammy Awards, honoring the best achievements from October 2015 to September 2016, was held on February 12,2017, the Grammys had their origin in the Hollywood Walk of Fame project in the 1950s. The music executives decided to rectify this by creating a given by their industry similar to the Oscars. This was the beginning of the National Academy of Recording Arts, after it was decided to create such an award, there was still a question of what to call it, one working title was the Eddie, to honor the inventor of the phonograph, Thomas Edison. They finally settled on using the name of the invention of Emile Berliner, the gramophone, for the awards, the number of awards given grew and fluctuated over the years with categories added and removed, at one time reaching over 100. The second Grammy Awards, also held in 1959, was the first ceremony to be televised, the gold-plated trophies, each depicting a gilded gramophone, are made and assembled by hand by Billings Artworks in Ridgway, Colorado. In 1990 the original Grammy design was revamped, changing the traditional soft lead for a stronger alloy less prone to damage, Billings developed a zinc alloy named grammium, which is trademarked. The trophies with the name engraved on them are not available until after the award announcements. By February 2009,7,578 Grammy trophies had been awarded, the General Field are four awards which are not restricted by genre. Album of the Year is awarded to the performer and the team of a full album if other than the performer. Record of the Year is awarded to the performer and the team of a single song if other than the performer. Song of the Year is awarded to the writer/composer of a single song, Best New Artist is awarded to a promising breakthrough performer who releases, during the Eligibility Year, the first recording that establishes the public identity of that artist. The only two artists to win all four of these awards are Christopher Cross, who won all four in 1980, and Adele, who won the Best New Artist award in 2009 and the other three in 2012 and 2017. Other awards are given for performance and production in specific genres, as well as for other such as artwork. Special awards are given for longer-lasting contributions to the music industry, the many other Grammy trophies are presented in a pre-telecast Premiere Ceremony earlier in the afternoon before the Grammy Awards telecast
19.
Training Day
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Detective Alonzo Harris is the main antagonist in the 2001 film Training Day. He is portrayed by American actor Denzel Washington, for his performance, Washington won the Academy Award for Best Actor. Detective Alonzo Harris is a highly decorated Los Angeles Police Department narcotics officer who has worked for thirteen years on the streets. Alonzo runs an aggressive narcotics unit that is known for making major drug seizures, however, he uses controversial and radical methods and is one of the most feared officers due to corruption. A ruthless sociopath, he is a man who does anything, including murder, for money. He is married with four sons but also has a Salvadoran mistress Sara, at the beginning of the movie, Alonzo must evaluate the young patrol officer, Jake Hoyt, as a possible addition to his narcotics unit. Alonzo and Jake bust a small group of college kids buying marijuana in a known drug neighborhood and he forces Jake to smoke marijuana, that is laced with PCP, saying that if Jake refuses he wont be worthy to join the unit. Jake agrees and smokes the marijuana as Alonzo drives to the home of Roger, while driving, Jake notices a female high school student named Letty being sexually assaulted. Jake Hoyt subdues the attackers while Alonzo watches, Alonzo tells Letty to leave while he takes the attackers crack and money and beats them up but lets them go. Jake finds Lettys wallet on the ground and takes it, Alonzo and Jake later apprehend a wheelchair-bound drug dealer named Blue and find crack rocks and a loaded 9mm Glock 19 pistol on him. In exchange for his freedom, Blue reveals his associate, Kevin Sandman Miller, Alonzo takes Jake to Sandmans home in Watts where he uses a fake search warrant to steal $40,000 in drug money from the premises. Sandmans wife notices and calls out to the armed gang members who open fire but Alonzo. Jake expresses his reluctance but Alonzo says Jake must decide if he wants to join the narcotics unit. The duo then visit Alonzos Salvadoran mistress Sara and their son at Baldwin Village. At lunch, Alonzo meets with three high-ranking police officials nicknamed the Three Wise Men and they tell Alonzo they know he owes money to the Russian Mafia for an incident over the weekend in Las Vegas and suggest that he leave town. But Alonzo insists he can control the situation and gets permission to cash in on an account, Alonzo later tells Jake that he had to give Sandmans money to the Three Wise Men to obtain an arrest warrant. Alonzo, Jake and his associates go to Rogers home, Alonzo steals $4 million in drug money from underneath Rogers kitchen floor and kills him with a 12 gauge Mossberg 500 shotgun. Alonzo arranges the scene to appear like a shooting
20.
Spider-Man (2002 film)
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Spider-Man is a 2002 American superhero film directed by Sam Raimi. Exercising its option on just two elements from the acquisition, Sony hired David Koepp to create a working screenplay. Directors Roland Emmerich, Ang Lee, Chris Columbus, Jan de Bont, M. Night Shyamalan, Tony Scott, the Koepp script was rewritten by Scott Rosenberg during preproduction and received a dialogue polish from Alvin Sargent during production. Filming took place in Los Angeles, and New York City from January 8 to June 30,2001, Spider-Man premiered in the Philippines on April 30,2002, and had its general release in the United States on May 3,2002. It became a critical and financial success, for its time, it was the only film to reach $100 million in its first weekend, had the largest opening weekend gross of all time, and was the most successful film based on a comic book. With $821.7 million worldwide, it was 2002s third-highest-grossing film and is the 56th-highest-grossing film of all time, the film was nominated at the 75th Academy Awards ceremony for Best Visual Effects and Best Sound Mixing. Due to the success of the film, Columbia Pictures and Marvel released two sequels, Spider-Man 2 in 2004, and Spider-Man 3 in 2007, high-school senior Peter Parker is a school outcast and bully victim. On a school trip, he visits a genetics laboratory with his friend Harry Osborn. There, Peter is bitten by a genetically engineered super spider, shortly after arriving home, he becomes ill and falls unconscious. Meanwhile, Harrys father, scientist Norman Osborn, owner of Oscorp, is attempting to secure an important military weapons contract and he experiments on himself with an unstable performance-enhancing chemical. After absorbing the chemical, he goes insane, kills his assistant, the next morning, Peter discovers that he is no longer near-sighted, and his body has metamorphosized into a more muscular physique. At school, he finds that his body can produce webs from the wrists, brushing off his Uncle Bens advice that with great power comes great responsibility, Peter considers impressing Mary Jane with a car. He enters a wrestling tournament and wins his first match. When a thief suddenly raids the promoters office, Peter allows him to escape in revenge, moments later, he discovers that Ben has been carjacked and shot, dying in Peters arms. Overcome with anger and vengeance, Peter corners, subdues and tries to kill the carjacker, the thief attempts to flee, but trips and falls out a window to his death instead. Meanwhile, at Oscorps chief competitor Quest Aerospace, during a weapons test Norman kills several scientists, upon graduating, Peter begins using his abilities to fight crime, donning a costume and the persona of Spider-Man. J. Norman, upon learning Oscorps board members plan to sell the company, attacks them at the World Unity Fair, jameson quickly dubs the mysterious killer the Green Goblin. The Goblin offers Spider-Man a place at his side, but gives him time to think about it, meanwhile, after meeting Peter again, Mary Jane is followed by four men down an alley
21.
Scary Movie 3
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The film stars Anna Faris and Regina Hall reprising their roles as Cindy Campbell and Brenda Meeks, respectively. New cast members include Charlie Sheen, Simon Rex, Anthony Anderson, Kevin Hart and it is the first film in the series to feature no involvement from the Wayans family. The characters of Shorty Meeks and Ray Wilkins, previously played by Shawn and Marlon Wayans, do not appear, the films plot significantly parodies the films The Ring, Signs, The Matrix, The Matrix Reloaded, and 8 Mile. It opened to mixed reviews critics, who praised its consistent humor and satire, but criticized many other aspects such as casting, plot. The film was a box office success, grossing $220.7 million worldwide and it is the last film in the series to be released by The Walt Disney Companys subsidiary Miramax Films, under the brand Dimension Films. After Dimension Films brand left Disney, Scary Movie 4 became the first film to be released by The Weinstein Company and it was named the 2004 Teen Choice Awards in the category of Choice Movie, Your Parents Didnt Want You to See. Katie and Becca are talking about a tape, which Katie believes is a sex tape, after several odd occurrences, they both die. Meanwhile, in a farm outside Washington, D. C. widowed farmer Tom Logan and his clumsy brother George discover a crop circle, meanwhile, Cindy Campbell, now a blonde news reporter, announces the crop circles on the news. She then goes to pick up her paranormally endowed nephew Cody from school, George Logan arrives to pick up his niece Sue, who is in the same class. Cindy falls in love with George, who invites her and Brenda to a rap-battle that evening with his rapper friends Mahalik, George competes and proves to be actually quite talented, but due to unintentional racist blunders, hes thrown out. Later, Brenda asks Cindy to keep her company, since she watched the cursed videotape, after playing several pranks on Cindy, she gets the rest of the popcorn in the lounge, when the TV turns on. Brenda fails to turn it off, Tabitha climbs out of the well and the TV, Brenda gets into a fight with Tabitha. Tabitha ends up killing Brenda, since Cindy is ignoring the ruckus, George receives a phone call about the death, and Tom meets with Sayaman, who apologizes for the accident involving himself and Toms wife Annie. Later, Cindy decides to watch the tape, finding it odd and she then gets a phone call, saying shell die in a week. She calls George, CJ and Mahalik for help, CJ offers that his Aunt Shaneequa might be able to help. Aunt Shaneequa, the Matrix Oracle, and her husband Orpheus agree to watch the tape, Shaneequa discovers the hidden image of a lighthouse, and gets into a fight with Tabithas mother. Shaneequa tells Cindy to find the lighthouse to break the curse, when Cindy returns home, she finds Cody watched the tape. Back at work, Cindy searches through pictures of lighthouses before finding the one from the tape, Cindy ventures to the lighthouse, where she encounters The Architect
22.
Idlewild (film)
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Idlewild is an American musical film, released August 25,2006, written and directed by Bryan Barber. The film stars André3000 and Big Boi of the hip hop duo Outkast, and Idlewild features musical numbers written, produced, Idlewild contrasts Outkasts hip-hop/funk/soul sound against a story based on a juke joint in the fictional Depression-era town of Idlewild, Georgia in 1935. Distributed by Universal Pictures, the film is a Universal and HBO Films production with Mosaic Media Group, Percival and Rooster have been good friends since childhood. However, as they grow up, they begin to live separate lives. Percival works at his father Percy Seniors morgue during the day, Rooster becomes a singer at the club and a bootlegger, he also gets married to Zora, with whom he has three children. One night when Rooster shows up late to the club, everyone becomes upset and rowdy including gangsters Spats, Trumpy, Ace and Rose who have a deal with the club. Finally Rooster shows up and performs, Rooster, Spats, Trumpy, Spats wishes to get out of the business, and is willing to sell out to Ace. Meanwhile, backstage, a singer from St. Louis named Angel Davenport comes into the club and starts to complain about her train ride, Angel is actually an imposter, she is really an aspiring singer named Sally B. Shelley, who stole the contract from the real Davenport, Rooster and Rose have sex in a car in a warehouse until they hear people coming into the warehouse, Rose jumps out of the car, gets dressed and confronts Spats, Trumpy and Ace who have just arrived. Rose then runs off, Trumpy then shoots and kills Spats, meanwhile, Rooster runs into Trumpy while taking his family shopping and Trumpy explains that the debt owed by Ace is now his problem. He has to come up with money by selling liquor at Church bought from Trumpys suppliers. Rooster goes to Roses house to warn her, but she is packed up. As Rose drives away in a taxi, she is being watched by one of Trumpys henchmen, meanwhile, Rooster begins to have more problems at the club, and forces Angel to sing. Angel has an attack of stage fright, but Percival calms her by giving her a song that he wrote for her, the song is a hit, and Angel becomes an overnight star, she and Percival also fall in love. During a storm, Angel runs over to the morgue to be with Percival, roosterss wife Zora gets tired of his cheating and moves with their children to her mothers house. Angel gets a deal in Chicago and asks Percival to go with her. When Angel finds out that Percival knows who she really is, however, she pledges her love to him, Rooster devises a plan to buy liquor from bootlegger GW and his partner. One day, Rooster is making his rounds to pick up hooch from GW to load in a hearse borrowed from Percival and he approaches the car to see an old woman, Mother Hopkins, and her grandchildren
23.
For Colored Girls
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For Colored Girls is a 2010 American drama film adapted from Ntozake Shanges 1975 original choreopoem for colored girls who have considered suicide / when the rainbow is enuf. The film depicts the lives of nine women, exploring their lives and struggles as women of color. It is the first film to be produced by 34th Street Films, an imprint of Tyler Perry Studios and it is also the first and only R-rated film, to date in the series. With a budget of $21 million, For Colored Girls was released on November 5,2010, the films lead cast consists of nine African-American women, seven of whom are based on the plays seven characters, only known by color. Like its source material, each character deals with a different personal conflict, such as love, abandonment, rape, infidelity, and abortion. Additionally, the characters of Alice Adrose, who represents white, and Gilda, the film opens with the nine main characters reciting a poem of their inner thoughts. Kelly arrives at Tangies brownstone to see Crystal about the safety of her children, at that time, Juanita arrives to leave her lover, Frank, a potted plant and telling him that she is breaking off their affair. Kelly attempts to speak with Crystals children on how they ended up in the hospital, Crystals nosy neighbor and apartment manager, Gilda, informs Kelly of Crystals situation and reveals she was the one who called her. Meanwhile, Alice, Tangies mother, shows up to beseech Tangie for money, Alice goes out to raise money, and encounters Yasmine, who gives her a little money. Yasmine is boasting to the girls in her class about Bill, a man she met on the subway. One of Yasmines dance students, Nyla, is talking with the girls about her night and losing her virginity. Meanwhile, Kellys husband, Donald, and his partner Renee arrest two men performing oral sex in public, Juanita is waiting in Jos office at Robe Rouge, a fictional magazine company. Crystal shows up for work, having been running late and informs Jo that her 9 oclock appointment has arrived, Juanita is then allowed in to interest Jo in giving some money to a non-profit organization that specializes in womens health care, but is rudely rebuffed. Kelly is with Donald at the gynecologist, who informs Kelly that she cannot have children due to scarring in her fallopian tubes caused by an untreated STD, so, Kelly runs off without an explanation. Juanita is at the hospital giving advice on sex to women when Frank comes along to ask for forgiveness. Tangie, who works as a bartender, finds a man on business. That same night, Crystal implores Beau Willie to stop drinking, at a restaurant, Jo leaves a voice message on her husbands, Carl, phone, imploring him to call her. At that same restaurant, Yasmine and Bill have a date night together
24.
The Paperboy (2012 film)
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The Paperboy is a 2012 American drama film starring Matthew McConaughey, Zac Efron, John Cusack, Nicole Kidman and David Oyelowo. Directed by Lee Daniels, it is based on the 1995 novel The Paperboy by American author Pete Dexter, the film competed for the Palme dOr at the 2012 Cannes Film Festival and received Golden Globe and Screen Actors Guild Award nominations for Kidmans performance. An idealistic reporter, Ward Jansen, and his brother, Jack Jansen, investigate the events surrounding a murder in an effort to exonerate a man on death row. Van Wetter has been jailed for the murder of a local sheriff. Call had previously stomped Van Wetters handcuffed cousin to death, Van Wetter is now awaiting execution. In prison Van Wetter regularly receives correspondence from her, the Jansen brothers dislike their fathers new girlfriend. Jack is the paperboy after having been expelled from college for vandalism and his only real friend is the family maid, Anita, who brought him and Ward up after their mother left them. The movies plot unfolds as Anita, for a fee, smokes and describes the events to an unseen reporter. The evidence against Van Wetter is inconsistent and the writers are confident that if they can expose Van Wetter as a victim of redneck justice then their story will benefit them greatly, meanwhile, Jack has fallen in love with Charlotte, who only desires Van Wetter. Anita realizes that Jack can never stop thinking of Charlotte as she is his first love, one day, with some information from Van Wetter, the Jansens travel to the swamp to meet Van Wetters uncle Tyree, who has evidence that Van Wetter did not commit the crime. Charlotte alerts Jack, who saves his brother, during Wards time in the hospital, Yardley prints the news article despite not getting all the facts right. Yardley also reveals he had some time before gotten drunk and given Ward sexual favors, Van Wetter is eventually released from prison and takes Charlotte away to the swamp to live with him. She is of course unhappy and sends a letter to Jack she made a mistake, during the wedding, Jack reads the letter, and realizing Charlotte is not there that something is wrong. A barely recovered Ward and Jack go to save Charlotte, Van Wetter and Charlotte argue about her going to the wedding. He actually kills her as Jack and Ward are en route to save her, when Jack and Ward confront Van Wetter, Wards throat is cut, and after being pursued through the swamp by a machete wielding Van Wetter, Jack dives into the swamp water. He evades Van Wetter during the night, who returns to his shack and finds Charlottes body gone, Jack is seen leaving in his boat with the bodies of Charlotte and Ward. Van Wetter is then arrested for these murders, convicted, as the credits roll, Anita reveals that Jack meets his mother for the first time as a young adult when she attends Wards funeral, and that he never got over his first love. W. Jansen Ned Bellamy as Tyree Van Wetter After the critical acclaim for his previous film Precious, however he decided to pass on these stating that I couldn’t get off on it and stating that he instead with what my spirit told me to do
25.
I Try
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I Try is a hit song co-written and recorded by American musician Macy Gray. It was released in September 27,1999, outside of United States and it is Grays biggest hit to date. It peaked at six in the United Kingdom, number five in the United States, and number one in Australia, New Zealand. Due to its success, the song was featured on the 2000 compilation album Now Thats What I Call Music,4 At the 2001 Grammy Awards, I Try won Best Female Pop Vocal Performance, and was nominated for Record of the Year and Song of the Year. It remains Grays biggest hit single in the USA to date, in 2010, the song was featured in an episode of The Office. It was also featured in the series 2 finale of Mrs. Browns Boys during which it was sung by Brendan OCarroll, at the end of the video, Gray is shown to still be in her hotel room. It is implied that she may have been dreaming the entire time, at the 2000 MTV Video Music Awards, the video won Best New Artist and was nominated for Best Female Video and Best New Artist in a Video
26.
Multi-platinum
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Music recording sales certification is a system of certifying that a music recording has shipped or sold a certain number of copies. The threshold quantity varies by type and by nation or territory, almost all countries follow variations of the RIAA certification categories, which are named after precious materials. The number of sales or shipments required for these awards depends upon the population of the territory in which the recording is released, typically, they are awarded only to international releases and are awarded individually for each country in which the album is sold. Different sales levels, some perhaps 10 times lower than others, the original gold record awards were presented to artists by their own record companies to publicize their sales achievements. The first of these was awarded by RCA Victor to Glenn Miller and His Orchestra in February 1942, another example of a company award is the gold record awarded to Elvis Presley in 1956 for one million units sold of his single Dont Be Cruel. The first gold record for an LP was awarded by RCA Victor to Harry Belafonte in 1957 for the album Calypso and these sales were restricted to U. S. -based record companies and did not include exports to other countries. For albums in 1968, this would mean shipping approximately 250,000 units, the platinum certification was introduced in 1976 for the sale of one million units, album or single, with the gold certification redefined to mean sales of 500,000 units, album or single. No album was certified platinum prior to this year, for instance, the recording by Van Cliburn of the Tchaikovsky Piano Concerto from 1958 would eventually be awarded a platinum citation, but this would not happen until two decades after its release. In 1999, the certification was introduced for sales of ten million units. On 14 March 1958, the RIAA certified its first gold record, soundtrack was certified as the first gold album four months later. In 1976, RIAA introduced the platinum certification, first awarded to Johnnie Taylors single, Disco Lady, as music sales increased with the introduction of compact discs, the RIAA created the Multi-Platinum award in 1984. Diamond awards, honoring those artists whose sales of singles or albums reached 10,000,000 copies, were introduced in 1999 and this became much less common once the majority of retail sales became paid digital downloads and digital streaming. In most countries certifications no longer apply solely to physical media, in June 2006, the RIAA also certified the ringtone downloads of songs. Streaming from on-demand services such as Rhapsody and Spotify has been included into existing digital certification in the U. S since 2013, in the U. S. and Germany video streaming services like YouTube, VEVO, and Yahoo. Music also began to be counted towards the certification, in both cases using the formula of 100 streams being equivalent to one download, other countries, such as Denmark and Spain, maintain separate awards for digital download singles and streaming. The International Federation of the Phonographic Industry was founded in 1996, and grants the IFPI Platinum Europe Award for album sales over one million within Europe, multi-platinum Europe Awards are presented for sales in subsequent multiples of one million. Eligibility is unaffected by time, and is not restricted to European-based artists, IMPALA sales awards were launched in 2005 as the first sales awards recognising that success on a pan-European basis begins well before sales reach one million. The award levels are Silver, Double Silver, Gold, Double Gold, Diamond, Platinum, below are certification thresholds for the United States and United Kingdom
27.
On How Life Is
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On How Life Is is the debut studio album by American singer and songwriter Macy Gray, released on July 1,1999 by Epic Records. Produced by Andrew Slater, it became Grays best-selling album to date, selling 3.2 million copies in the United States and seven million copies worldwide. The albums second single, I Try, became an hit, topping the charts in Australia, Ireland. The song also won a Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance in 2001, on How Life Is was met with highly positive reviews from music critics upon its release, with many praising Grays songwriting and vocal performance. Q rated the album four out of five stars, calling it a confident, all lyrics written by Macy Gray. Sampling credits Do Something contains a sample of Git Up, Git Out by OutKast, ive Committed Murder contains a sample of Live Right Now by Eddie Harris and an interpolation of Love Story by Francis Lai & His Orchestra. A Moment to Myself contains a sample of Human Beat Box by The Fat Boys, excerpts of The Wildstyle by Time Zone, credits adapted from the liner notes of On How Life Is
28.
Binaural recording
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This effect is often created using a technique known as dummy head recording, wherein a mannequin head is outfitted with a microphone in each ear. Binaural recording is intended for replay using headphones and will not translate properly over stereo speakers. Conventional stereo recordings do not factor in natural ear spacing or head shadow of the head and ears, since these things happen naturally as a person listens, generating their own ITDs and ILDs. For listening using conventional speaker-stereo, or mp3 players, a dummy head may be preferable for quasi-binaural recording. As a general rule, for true binaural results, a recording and reproduction system chain, from microphone to listeners brain, should contain one and only one set of pinnae. With a simple recording method, two microphones are placed 18 cm apart facing away from each other and this method will not create a real binaural recording. The distance and placement roughly approximates the position of an average humans ear canals, more elaborate techniques exist in pre-packaged forms. The Neumann KU-81, and KU-100 are the most commonly used binaural packages, a simplified version of binaural recordings can be achieved using microphones with a separating element, like the Jecklin Disk. Not all cues required for localization of the sound sources can be preserved this way. In the late 1960s, Aiwa and Sony offered headphones with a pair of microphones mounted on the headband around two inches above the ears and these allowed pseudo-binaural recordings to be made. Miniature binaural in-ear or near-ear microphones can be linked to a portable Digital Audio Tape or MiniDisc recorder, the first clip-in binaural microphones using the recordists own head were offered by Sennheiser in 1974. The first clip-on binaural microphones using the recordists own head were offered by Core Sound LLC in 1989, the first completely in-ear binaural microphones using the recordists own head were offered by Sound Professionals in 1999. Roland Corporation also offers its CS-10EM in-ear binaural microphone set, the technique of binaural re-recording is simple, but has not been well established. Using space to manipulate a sound and then being re-recorded is also nothing new as it is something that has been done through the use of echo-chambers in recording studios for many years. In 1959, an echo-chamber was famously used by Irving Townsend during the post production process of Miles Daviss 1959 album Kind of Blue, in binaural re-recording, a binaural microphone is used to record content being played over a multi-channel speaker set-up. The binaural head, or microphone, is therefore theoretically making a recording of how humans will hear multi-channel content and this method, like certain binaural recordings made with a Neumann KU100 or HATS model for example, can produce convincing 3D sound. There is the issue of listeners simply not being able to understanding binaural recordings. However this issue is common among all binaural recording, and isnt an issue to re-recording
29.
Audiophile
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An audiophile is a person enthusiastic about high-fidelity sound reproduction. Audiophile values may be applied at all stages of reproduction, the initial audio recording, the production process, and the playback. A key goal of audiophiles is to capture the experience of a musical performance in a room with good acoustics. It is widely agreed that this is difficult and that even the best-regarded recording and playback systems rarely, if ever. The term High-end audio refers to equipment used by audiophiles. An audio system typically consists of one or more components, one or more amplification components. Signal cables are used to link these components, the interaction between the loudspeakers and the room plays an important part in sound quality. Sound vibrations are reflected from walls, floor and ceiling, and are affected by the contents of the room, room dimensions can create standing waves at particular frequencies. There are devices and materials for room treatment that affect sound quality, soft materials, such as draperies and carpets, can absorb higher frequencies, whereas hard walls and floors can cause excess reverberation. Since the early 1990s, CDs have become the most common source of high-quality music, nevertheless, turntables, tonearms, and magnetic cartridges are still used, despite the difficulties of keeping records free from dust and the delicate set-up associated with turntables. The 44.1 kHz sampling rate of the CD format, in theory, restricts CD information losses to above the theoretical limit of human hearing –20 kHz. Despite this, newer formats such as DVD-Audio and Super Audio Compact Disc, have sampling rates of 88.2 kHz or 96 kHz or even higher, CD audio signals are encoded in 16-bit values. Some higher-definition consumer formats such as HDCD-encoded CDs contain 20-bit and even 24-bit audio streams, with more bits more dynamic range is possible,20 bit dynamic range is theoretically 120 dB—the limit of most consumer electronic playback equipment. MP3 encoding, widely used in audio devices, is an example of lossy compression. A preamplifier selects among several audio inputs, amplifies source-level signals, many audiophile-oriented preamplifiers lack tone controls. A power amplifier takes the line-level audio signal from the preamplifier, an integrated amplifier combines the functions of power amplification with input switching and volume and tone control. Both pre/power combinations and integrated amplifiers are used by audiophiles. Audiophile amplifiers are based on solid-state technology, vacuum-tube technology, or hybrid technology—semiconductors
30.
Ohio
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Ohio /oʊˈhaɪ. oʊ/ is a Midwestern state in the Great Lakes region of the United States. Ohio is the 34th largest by area, the 7th most populous, the states capital and largest city is Columbus. The state takes its name from the Ohio River, the name originated from the Iroquois word ohi-yo’, meaning great river or large creek. Partitioned from the Northwest Territory, the state was admitted to the Union as the 17th state on March 1,1803, Ohio is historically known as the Buckeye State after its Ohio buckeye trees, and Ohioans are also known as Buckeyes. Ohio occupies 16 seats in the United States House of Representatives, Ohio is known for its status as both a swing state and a bellwether in national elections. Six Presidents of the United States have been elected who had Ohio as their home state, Ohios geographic location has proven to be an asset for economic growth and expansion. Because Ohio links the Northeast to the Midwest, much cargo, Ohio has the nations 10th largest highway network, and is within a one-day drive of 50% of North Americas population and 70% of North Americas manufacturing capacity. To the north, Lake Erie gives Ohio 312 miles of coastline, Ohios southern border is defined by the Ohio River, and much of the northern border is defined by Lake Erie. Ohios neighbors are Pennsylvania to the east, Michigan to the northwest, Ontario Canada, to the north, Indiana to the west, Kentucky on the south, Ohio is bounded by the Ohio River, but nearly all of the river itself belongs to Kentucky and West Virginia. Ohio has only that portion of the river between the rivers 1792 low-water mark and the present high-water mark, the border with Michigan has also changed, as a result of the Toledo War, to angle slightly northeast to the north shore of the mouth of the Maumee River. Much of Ohio features glaciated plains, with a flat area in the northwest being known as the Great Black Swamp. Most of Ohio is of low relief, but the unglaciated Allegheny Plateau features rugged hills, in 1965 the United States Congress passed the Appalachian Regional Development Act, at attempt to address the persistent poverty and growing economic despair of the Appalachian Region. This act defines 29 Ohio counties as part of Appalachia, the worst weather disaster in Ohio history occurred along the Great Miami River in 1913. Known as the Great Dayton Flood, the entire Miami River watershed flooded, as a result, the Miami Conservancy District was created as the first major flood plain engineering project in Ohio and the United States. Grand Lake St. Marys in the west central part of the state was constructed as a supply of water for canals in the era of 1820–1850. For many years this body of water, over 20 square miles, was the largest artificial lake in the world and it should be noted that Ohios canal-building projects were not the economic fiasco that similar efforts were in other states. Some cities, such as Dayton, owe their emergence to location on canals. Summers are typically hot and humid throughout the state, while winters generally range from cool to cold, precipitation in Ohio is moderate year-round
31.
Marilyn Manson
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Brian Hugh Warner, better known by the stage name Marilyn Manson, is an American singer, songwriter, musician, composer, actor, painter, author and former music journalist. His stage name was formed by combining and juxtaposing the names of two American pop cultural icons, actress Marilyn Monroe and cult leader Charles Manson. In the U. S. alone, three of the albums have been awarded platinum and three more went gold, and the band has had eight releases debut in the top ten. Manson has been ranked number 44 in the Top 100 Heavy Metal Vocalists by Hit Parader, Manson made his film debut in 1997 as an actor in David Lynchs Lost Highway. Since then he has appeared in a variety of minor roles and he was interviewed in Michael Moores political documentary Bowling for Columbine, discussing possible motivations for the 1999 Columbine massacre and allegations that his music was somehow a factor. On September 13–14,2002, his first art show, The Golden Age of Grotesque, was held at the Los Angeles Contemporary Exhibitions center. Manson revealed a series of 20 paintings in 2010 entitled Genealogies of Pain, an exhibition showcased at Kunsthalle gallery in Vienna, Austria, which the artist collaborated on with David Lynch. Warner and guitarist Scott Daisy Berkowitz Putesky formed Marilyn Manson & the Spooky Kids following conversations at the Reunion Room in Fort Lauderdale, the name was later shortened to Marilyn Manson. In 1993, the band drew the attention of Trent Reznor, Reznor produced their 1994 debut album, Portrait of an American Family and released it on his Nothing Records label. The band began to develop a following, which grew larger on the Downward Spiral Tour that featured Nine Inch Nails. That EP yielded the bands first big MTV hit with Sweet Dreams, antichrist Superstar was an even greater success. In the U. S. alone, three of the albums have been awarded two platinum and three more went gold, and the band has had seven releases debut in the top ten. Manson first worked as a producer with the band Jack Off Jill and he helped name the band and produced most of the bands early recordings, and also played guitar on the song My Cat and had the band open most of his South Florida shows. Manson later wrote the notes to the bands album Humid Teenage Mediocrity 1992–1996. Manson has appeared as a guest performer on DMXs album Flesh of My Flesh, Blood of My Blood, in 2011 it was revealed that Manson was to appear on the singer Skylar Greys album Invinsible on the track entitled Cant Haunt Me. Manson released his studio album, Born Villain, in May 2012. On November 10,2014, Manson posted via his official Facebook page that his studio album, The Pale Emperor. On August 15,2015, Manson had New Orleans brass ensemble the Soul Rebels perform Beautiful People with him live in Japan at the Summer Sonic Music Festival, shooter Jennings album Countach features Manson performing guest vocals on a cover of David Bowies Cat People
32.
University of Southern California
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The University of Southern California is a private research university founded in 1880 with its main campus in Los Angeles, California. As Californias oldest private university, USC has historically educated a large number of the regions business leaders. In recent decades, the university has also leveraged its location in Los Angeles to establish relationships with research and cultural institutions throughout Asia, an engine for economic activity, USC contributes $8 billion annually to the economy of the Los Angeles metropolitan area and California. For the 2014–15 academic year, there were 18,740 students enrolled in undergraduate programs. USC also has 23,729 graduate and professional students in a number of different programs, including business, law, engineering, social work, and medicine. The university is one of the top fundraising institutions in the world, consistently ranking among the top 3 in external contributions, multiple academic rankings list the University of Southern California as being among the top 25 universities in the United States. With an acceptance rate of 16 percent, USC is also among the most selective academic institutions in the nation. USC maintains a tradition of innovation and entrepreneurship, with alumni having founded companies such as Lucasfilm, Myspace, Salesforce. com, Intuit, Qualcomm, Box, Tinder. As of 2014, the university has produced the fourth largest number of billionaire alumni out of all institutions in the world. USC is home to the world’s most powerful computer, which is presently housed in a super-cooled. The only other commercially available quantum computing system is operated jointly by NASA, USC was also one of the earliest nodes on ARPANET and is the birthplace of the Domain Name System. Other technologies invented at USC include DNA computing, dynamic programming, image compression, VoIP, USC sponsors a variety of intercollegiate sports and competes in the National Collegiate Athletic Association as a member of the Pac-12 Conference. Members of the teams, the Trojans, have won 102 NCAA team championships, ranking them third in the nation. Trojan athletes have won 288 medals at the Olympic games, more than any university in the United States. If USC were a country, its athletes would have received the 12th-most Olympic gold medals in history. In 1969, it joined the Association of American Universities, the University of Southern California was founded following the efforts of Judge Robert M. Hellman. The three donated 308 lots of land to establish the campus and provided the seed money for the construction of the first buildings. Originally operated in affiliation with the Methodist Church, the school mandated from the start that no student would be denied admission because of race, the university is no longer affiliated with any church, having severed formal ties in 1952
33.
The Black Eyed Peas
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The Black Eyed Peas is an American group, consisting of rappers will. i. am, apl. de. ap, Taboo, and singer Fergie. Originally an alternative hip hop group, they changed their musical sound to pop and dance-pop music. Although the group was founded in Los Angeles in 1995, it was not until the release of their third album Elephunk in 2003 that they achieved record sales. Since that time, the group has sold an estimated 76 million records, according to Nielsen SoundScan, the Black Eyed Peas were the second-best-selling artist/group of all time for downloaded tracks, with over 42 million sales as of the end of 2011. Their first major hit was the 2003 single Where Is the Love, from Elephunk, which topped the charts in 13 countries, including the United Kingdom, where it spent seven weeks at number one and went on to become Britains biggest selling single of 2003. Another European hit single from the album was Shut Up. Their fourth album, Monkey Business, was an even bigger success, certified 4× Platinum in the U. S. and spawning four singles, Dont Phunk with My Heart, Dont Lie, My Humps. I Gotta Feeling became the first single to more than one million downloads in the United Kingdom. The Black Eyed Peas were ranked 12th on Billboards Decade-End Chart Artist of the Decade, at the 52nd Grammy Awards ceremony, held in January 2010, they won three awards out of six nominations. In November 2010, they released the album The Beginning, in February 2011, the group performed at the Super Bowl XLV halftime show. The Black Eyed Peas date back to 1988, when eighth-graders William Adams and Allan Pineda met, the pair signed to Ruthless Records in 1992, catching the attention of Eazy-E manager Jerry Hellers nephew. Along with another friend of theirs, Dante Santiago, they called their trio Atban Klann, will 1X, apl. de. ap, Mookie Mook, DJ Motiv8, and Dante Santiago formed Atban Klann. Their debut album, Grass Roots, was never released due to Ruthless records founder Eazy-Es death, after Eazy-E died in 1995, Atban Klann reformed and changed their name to Black Eyed Pods, and then Black Eyed Peas. Dante Santiago was replaced with Jaime Gomez, and Kim Hill became a background singer. Unlike the gangsta rap sounds of Los Angeles-based hip hop acts at the time, after being signed to Interscope Records and releasing their debut, Behind the Front the group earned critical acclaim. One of the singles from the album was Joints & Jam, singer Sierra Swan joined in 1998, appearing on the 1998 song Fallin Up, before she left in 2000. Their second album, Bridging the Gap, produced the singles Weekends featuring Esthero, Hill left the band while producing the album, but was still featured on the album tracks for Hot and Tell Your Mama Come as well as in the video for Weekends. Their third album Elephunk began development on November 2,2001 and it was the first album to feature the vocals of current member Fergie
34.
Behind the Front (album)
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Behind the Front is the debut studio album by American hip hop group Black Eyed Peas. It was released on June 30,1998 through Interscope Records, the album received positive reviews from music critics but failed to chart. Most of the tracks were demos for the Grass Roots album, the song Joints & Jam appeared on the soundtrack of the movie Bulworth, where it was billed as Joints & Jams. Be Free also features in the film Shes All That, on the back cover, Skit 3 is listed after Duet, when it actually appears after Communication. This was their studio album to be released in a Parental Advisory version. On the edited versions back cover, Skit 3 is properly listed after Communication, behind the Front was released for vinyl on June 30,1998 through Interscope Records, will. i. ams imprint will. i. am Music Group and Universal Music Group. Three singles from the album were released–double single Fallin Up/¿Que Dices. in December 1997, Joints & Jam in November 1998 and the final single Karma in April 1999. In 1997, a video for the song Head Bobs was filmed and finished, however. Around the same time a video for the song Fallin Up was also created, however, was decided that the albums first official single would be Joints & Jam. A similar video to Joints & Jam was filmed for the song What It Is, but like Head Bobs and Fallin Up, the last music video to be released from the album was Karma, the albums second and final official single. All five music videos were included on the DVD Behind the Bridge to Elephunk, behind the Front received generally favorable reviews from music critics. Matt Conaway of AllMusic gave the four out of five stars, stating, Black Eyed Peas bring some positivity. Musically there is almost no realm this group does not touch -- right from the jump, All songs produced by will. i. am, except where noted. Notes signitifes a co-producer Sample credits Fallin Up contains a sample from Comanche by Jorge Ben, clap Your Hands contains a sample from Handclapping Song by The Meters and Tenement Yard by Jacob Miller. Joints & Jam contains a sample from Grease by Frankie Valli, the Way U Make Me Feel contains a sample from Here We Go by Run-DMC and Something in the Way by Stephanie Mills. Karma contains a sample from El Raton by Cheo Feliciano and The Joe Cuba Sextet, be Free contains a sample from White Horse by Laid Back. Say Goodbye contains a sample from Heaven and Hell Is on Earth by 20th Century Steel Band, what It Is contains a sample from Funkin for Jamaica by Tom Browne. A8 contains a sample from O Homem Da Gravata Florida by Jorge Ben, positivity contains a sample from Cinco Minutos by Jorge Ben
35.
Darryl Swann
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Darryl Swann is an American record producer, songwriter, educator and musician. He has worked with prominent artists including Macy Gray, Black Eyed Peas and he has also done substantial work for Atlantic Records, Sony Records, and Universal Records. Darryl Swann was born and raised in the Cleveland, Ohio suburb of Shaker Heights, darryls fascination with music production began at age 9 upon reading the book Modern Recording Techniques. He played lead guitar in the garage band The Lab Rats, after graduating from Shaker Heights High School in 1983, Swann acquired his Liberal Arts degree from UCLA in Westwood, Los Angeles, California. In 1984, Darryl and his new rock band Haven relocated to Los Angeles and played with Poison, havens success led to a trip to London, England, and a subsequent tour of Europe to promote Haven’s independent E. P. album. As both a composer and songwriter, Swann and Senova Media have many film and TV credits, Swann also produced a Prince tribute album which was recorded with childrens toy musical instruments which Vitamin never released. Swann teaches a music production curriculum through several schools, among them are Musicians Institute, The Art Institute of California - Hollywood
36.
Do Something (Macy Gray song)
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Do Something is a song by American singer Macy Gray from her debut studio album, On How Life Is. It was released on June 24,1999 as the lead single. The song samples OutKasts 1994 song Git Up, Git Out, do Something was released as a CD single in the UK. The CD single contained remixes of Do Something, including such as Cee-Lo of Goodie Mob along with a non-album track. In the United Kingdom, Do Something became Grays first charting hit on the UK Singles Chart, peaking at number 51, though it remains her lowest-charting single there to date. Do Something failed to chart on the Billboard Hot 100 but managed to peak at number 43 on the Hot Dance Singles Sales chart, it entered the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs. Do Something was used in an MTV Europe commercial advertising summer festivals throughout Europe in 1999, the song was also used in the 1999 film Music of the Heart, and in an episode of music game show Idol. The music video for Do Something was directed by Mark Romanek, released in 1999, the video depicts Gray in an all-white home, and surreal footage of people in the wilderness. The music video was nominated for two awards at the 2000 MTV Video Music Awards and it was nominated for Best Art Direction in a Video, losing to the Red Hot Chili Peppers Californication. It won the award for Best Cinematography in a Video, UK CD Single Do Something –4,10 Rather Hazy –3,10 Do Something –3,53 Music video on YouTube Read the full lyrics at MetroLyrics
37.
Love Jones (film)
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Love Jones is a 1997 American romantic drama film written and directed by Theodore Witcher, in his feature film debut. It stars Larenz Tate, Nia Long, Isaiah Washington, Bill Bellamy, two of the poems recited by Nia Longs character, Nina, were written by Sonia Sanchez and are included in her book Like the Singing Coming Off the Drums, Love Poems. The film received critical reviews, it was not a financial success. It has, however, a following because of its realistic characters. It is Theodore Witchers only directorial work to date, in Chicago, Darius Lovehall is a poet who is giving a reading at the Sanctuary, an upscale nightclub presenting jazz and poetry to a bohemian clientele. Shortly before his set, he meets Nina Mosley, a photographer who recently lost her job. They exchange small talk, and Darius makes his interest clear when he retitles his love poem A Blues For Nina, a mutual attraction is sparked between them, and Darius invites himself back to her place to ask her out. They have sex on the first date, but neither Darius or Nina are sure what to do next, Nina has just gotten out of a relationship and isnt sure if she still cares for her old boyfriend. Darius isnt sure whether or not to admit that he cares for Nina. Ninas ex comes back and offers her tickets to New York. After a night with Darius, Nina tells him that she is going to New York because of unfinished business, Darius knows that its because of a man but does not show that he cares. The producers of the said that they wanted to make a modern film about African-American life that did not use violence. The film currently holds a 67% approval rating at Rotten Tomatoes, roger Ebert awarded the film 3 out of 4 stars, and expressed the view that There is also a bow to the unconventional in the ending of his film. Many love stories contrive to get their characters together at the end and this one contrives, not to keep them apart, but to bring them to a bittersweet awareness that is above simple love. Some audience members would prefer a romantic embrace in the sunset. But Love Jones is too smart for that and he also noted on the acting, Its hard to believe that Tate--so smooth, literate and attractive here--played the savage killer O-Dog in Menace II Society. Nia Long was Brandi, one of the friends, in Boyz N the Hood. Love Jones extends their range, to put it mildly, james Berardinelli also awarded the film 3 out of 4 stars for ReelReviews, and he determined that There are several reasons why this film works better than the common, garden-variety love story
38.
Jennifer Aniston
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Jennifer Joanna Aniston is an American actress, producer, and businesswoman. She is the daughter of Greek-born actor John Aniston and American actress Nancy Dow, the character was widely popular during the airing of the series and was later recognized as one of the 100 greatest female characters in United States television. Aniston has played the female protagonist in a number of comedies and her box office hits include Bruce Almighty, The Break-Up, Marley & Me, Just Go with It, Horrible Bosses, and Were the Millers, each of which have grossed over US$200 million in worldwide receipts. Her other films include Along Came Polly and Hes Just Not That Into You, in 2008, she co-founded the production company Echo Films. In 2012, Aniston received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame and she is one of the highest paid actresses in Hollywood, and as of 2014, her net worth is estimated to be US$150 million. She has also included in magazines lists of the worlds most beautiful women. People magazine named Aniston The Most Beautiful Woman in 2004 and 2016, divorced from actor Brad Pitt, to whom she was married for five years, she has been married to actor Justin Theroux since 2015. Aniston was born in Sherman Oaks, California, the daughter of actor John Aniston and her father is Greek, while her mother was born in New York City. One of her maternal great-grandfathers was an Italian immigrant, and her mothers ancestry includes English, Irish, Scottish. Aniston has two half-brothers, John Melick, her older maternal half-brother, and Alex Aniston, her younger paternal half-brother, Anistons godfather was actor Telly Savalas, one of her fathers best friends. As a child, Aniston lived in Greece for a year with her family and they then moved to Eddystone, Pennsylvania, where they lived with her grandmother Stella Anastassakis in a three-bedroom home. While living in Eddystone, Aniston was enrolled at a elementary school. She and her family moved to New York City. Despite her fathers career, Aniston was discouraged from watching TV. When she was six, she began attending a Waldorf school and her mother and father split up when she was nine years old. Her father is best known for his role as Victor Kiriakis on the NBC daytime drama Days of Our Lives and her mother appeared in two 1960s TV series, The Wild Wild West and The Beverly Hillbillies. In 2015, she spoke about an incident that led to her lifelong fear of water. She stated during an event for her film Cake, I basically have a real fear of going underwater
39.
Picture Perfect (1997 film)
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Picture Perfect is a 1997 American romantic comedy film directed by Glenn Gordon Caron and starring Jennifer Aniston, Jay Mohr, Kevin Bacon, Illeana Douglas, Olympia Dukakis, and Anne Twomey. Kate is struggling in the business in New York City. Her boss, Mr. Mercer, passes her up for a promotion because she is not stable enough, after Nick saves a little girl from a fire and winds up in the news, Kate is forced to bring her alleged fiancé to dinner with Mercer and his wife. She asks Nick to break up with her, Nick, who already likes Kate, complies to please Kate. Meanwhile, Sam, a colleague that Kate had always wanted, as Kate and Nick get to know each other, she starts to like him. The night of the dinner arrives and Kate and Nick are prepared for their big fight, but, Nick tries to suppress the fight by complimenting her and expressing the desire for a future with Kate. However, Kate just wants the fight to happen, at the dinner table, Kate tries to drive Nick into a fight but it doesnt work. She pays a restaurant employee to call her number and tries to make it seem like Nick is having an affair with an ex-girlfriend, at first Nick is a bit lost but figures it out and finally plays along. After a week, feeling guilty, Kate admits to Mercer her cover-up, stating that she was dressing for the job she wanted, Mercer pays a visit to Kates office, where she tells him shes quitting. Mercer counters by admitting to her how he exaggerated his own past at one point in his life, as well as suggests she take a few days off to go to Massachusetts, Mercer let her keep her job as an ad exec. Satisfied that the field has been leveled, he invites her to the wedding reception as his guest. They make up after Kate accepts, Academy Award winner Tom Fleischman is the re-recording mixer of the film. Picture Perfect also consists of other Academy Award nominees such as Les Lazarowitz, Jane Robinson, Picture Perfect received mixed reviews from critics, as it holds a 48% rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 42 reviews. Metacritic, which assigns an average score from 1 to 100 to reviews from mainstream critics. Marc Savlov of The Austin Chronicle heavily criticized the film for having the aesthetics of an over-long, over-nice and he gave notice to Anistons performance lacking sustainability to capture the big screen, and bringing the rest of the main cast to her acting level. The film opened at number 5 at the North American box office making $7.8 million in its opening weekend and it eventually earned over $44 million worldwide, making it a moderate success commercially by beating out its $19 million budget. Picture Perfect at the Internet Movie Database Picture Perfect at Rotten Tomatoes Picture Perfect at Box Office Mojo
40.
Still (Macy Gray song)
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Still is the third single from Macy Grays debut album, On How Life Is. The song details a relationship between a woman and a man who is abusive towards her. In the UK, Still became Grays second consecutive top forty hit on the UK Singles Chart and it remains one of her biggest hits so far, the only two to surpass it were previous single I Try and the Fatboy Slim collaboration Demons. In the U. S. the single did not fare nearly as well as I Try, Still did, however, manage to chart on the Adult Top 40 at number thirty-two. And in New Zealand, the song was a big hit, reaching the top ten, Still was released on two CD formats in the UK and featured remixes of both Still and I Try along with a live version of the latter
41.
Why Didn't You Call Me
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Why Didnt You Call Me is the fourth and final single from Macy Grays debut album, On How Life Is. In the UK, Why Didnt You Call Me became Grays third consecutive top forty hit on the UK Singles Chart, nevertheless, it remains her second-biggest hit in the US, Behind I Try. Why Didnt You Call Me was released on two CD formats in the UK, the CD single contained remixes of Why Didnt You Call Me and Ive Committed Murder, along with a live recording of I Cant Wait to Meetchu. The music video, which depicts Gray performing in a room and shows close-ups of dancers, received significant play on BET, MTV. The video entered the top 10 on VH1s most-played video chart, UK CD1 Why Didnt You Call Me Ive Committed Murder Why Didnt You Call Me UK CD2 Why Didnt You Call Me I Cant Wait to Meetchu Why Didnt You Call Me Why Didnt You Call Me
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