The Makhnovshchina was a mass movement to establish anarchist communism during the Ukrainian War of Independence of 1917–1921. Named after Nestor Makhno, the commander-in-chief of the Revolutionary In
The Union of Poor Peasants, an anarchist-communist peasant group based in Huliaipole, to which Nestor Makhno (seated, front row, far left) was a member
Soldiers of the Austro-Hungarian Army near Odesa, during the occupation of Ukraine by the Central Powers.
The burial of insurgents killed in battle with the Austro-Hungarian Army.
Makhno and his lieutenants, 1919
Anarchism in Ukraine has its roots in the democratic and egalitarian organization of the Zaporozhian Cossacks, who inhabited the region up until the 18th century. Philosophical anarchism first emerged
Zaporozhian Cossacks fighting Tatars of the Crimean Khanate.
Mykhailo Drahomanov, the first Ukrainian philosophical anarchist and one of the leading figures of the democratic federalist movement.